CN204000792U - Multistage helping driven formula ecological fishway facility - Google Patents
Multistage helping driven formula ecological fishway facility Download PDFInfo
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- CN204000792U CN204000792U CN201420385898.4U CN201420385898U CN204000792U CN 204000792 U CN204000792 U CN 204000792U CN 201420385898 U CN201420385898 U CN 201420385898U CN 204000792 U CN204000792 U CN 204000792U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of multistage helping and drive formula ecological fishway facility, relate to fish pass structure and Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering ecological environment field, is a kind of fish pass building and mistake fish control method that is applicable to middle and high head key water control project.This is multistage helps and drives fish pass unit, the fish pass that formula ecological fishway facility comprises the stepped distributions of some levels and help drive system, Ecology river system, fish pass energy dissipating system and attracting monitoring system.Fish pass facility of the present utility model, in when operation, is used in conjunction with computer automatic control system, realize fish step by step intelligence help and drive the object of tracing back.The utlity model has auxiliary fish is traced back and is consumed the advantage that physical efficiency is little by the migration of middle and high head key water control project; design ingenious; can greatly improve the fish effect excessively of fish pass, the continuity and the diversity that be conducive to protect natural fishery resources, ensure river aquatic ecosystem.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to fish migration ability, fish pass structure and Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering ecological environment field, is specifically related to a kind of multistage helping and drives formula ecological fishway facility.
Background technology
In river all over the world, people are in order to control flood, generating, irrigate, a large amount of Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineerings has been built in shipping and water supply etc., dam is flooded, blocking-up river, this is open to cause natural river, continuous system is at energy flow, there is a series of change in the aspects such as material recycle and information transmission, make the life required habitat conditions of Fish Survival wherein, hydrologic regime changes, finally the stock of fish is exerted an influence, as migration or other activity of fish may be delayed or stop, the descending injury suffering during by dam body building or the hydraulic turbine of fish, ecoscape fragmentation etc.These impacts can cause that river ecological environment changes, fish population genetic diversity is lost and economic fish quality deterioration, have particularly almost brought extinction for the fish that need migration to lay eggs.In order to protect continuity and the diversity of natural fishery resources, guarantee aquatic ecosystem, the main reclamation activities of taking is at present to build fish pass in water power hydraulic engineering, helps fish migration.
Fish pass is that gate dam or natural obstacle place are a kind of fish pass structure that fish migration is built, and is to reduce a kind of Ecological Measures of gate dam to Fish Survival and breeding interference.But due to the habit of structure, flow-shape and straddling fish stocks and the understanding in depth of behavior that lack fish pass, cause most of fish pass having larger defect aspect the growth course of attracting effect and maintenance passageway fish muscle power and continuity passageway fish, simultaneously, tradition fish pass is also difficult to meet the requirement of local fish to flow velocity, fluidised form, and it is undesirable that these factors have directly caused the most of fish pass of China to build up rear operational effect.Therefore, carry out fish channel structure and fish pass Hydraulic Characteristics in a deep going way, the construction of deep anatomy Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering is also taked reclamation activities in real time on the impact mechanism of the biologies such as fish, can make up the ecology influence of barrage building to river migration migratory fishes, realize the construction theory of ecological water conservancy, harmonious water conservancy, to promoting the civilized and healthy development of river ecological to there is very important realistic meaning.
In the world the main Types of existing fish pass have Denier formula, overflow weir formula, flood outlet type, vertical seam type, combined type, special construction formula and imitative natural style.Cell wall and the bottom land of Denier formula fish pass tank are provided with baffle-wall and Di Kan, and flow is larger, can improve the condition of downstream attraction fish, but flow turbulence are violent, and the bad adaptability of fluctuation of water table, is only suitable for the more powerful fish of Burden-Swimming Ability of KM; Overflow weir-type fish pass (way) makes fish pass through from weir crest, and overcurrent is more steady, but energy dissipating is insufficient, and the bad adaptability of fluctuation of water table is only suitable for liking in top layer migration and has the fish of jump habit; Flood outlet type fish pass fish pass and be submerged under water, can adapt to the better performances of fluctuation of water table, but energy dissipating is abundant not, mainly rely on dispersion of flow to carry out energy dissipating, aperture is arranged in the middle low layer of fish pass, is only suitable for liking the big-and-middle-sized fish in bottom migration; The tank major part of vertical seam type fish channel is blocked, and only leaves one and crosses fish perps, and effect of energy dissipation is more abundant, can adapt to compared with Large Water luffing, can adapt to the big-and-middle-sized fish compared with Complex Flow Status, but easily causes bending and the turbulent fluctuation of the indoor current in pond; Combined type fish pass is the combination of overflow weir, down-the-hole and perps, can better bring into play the hydraulic characteristic(s) in all kinds aperture, can adapt to different habit fish, but complex structure, set difficulty large; Special construction formula fish pass is fixed on concrete wall with the bamboo basket etc. that fills up wood shavings, simple in structure, and economy, but it is perishable to compile basket and bamboo basket etc., need often upgrade is only suitable for creeping, can adheres to, be good at passing through the fish of thick grass; Imitative natural style fish pass current energy consumption realizes by shoal, rubble or small-sized waterfall, and the rest condition of fish in pond is good, can meet the requirement of multiple fish, and only applicable head is less, requires to have suitable landform.
Along with the develop rapidly of China's economy, the scale of China's construction hydraulic engineering is increasing, and dam body is more and more higher.According to 2011-2012 " whole nation water conservancy generaI investigation for the first time communique ", 98002, the total reservoir of China at present, totally 4694, large and medium-sized reservoir.Dam Construction is also more and more serious on the impact of river ecosystem, when the up fish pass structure fish pass operation of middle and high head key water control project, be subject to the impact of upper pond level and flow, flow velocity, fluidised form are all unstable, traditional fish pass is generally only suitable for the low water head key water control project of height of dam below 20～25m, and fish is traced back and in process, needs to expend very macro-energy.Although the fish pass structure such as fish lock, fish lift has applied to middle and high head key water control project, but because the method for operation and the natural migration mode difference of fish lock and fish lift are too large, attracting effect is unsatisfactory, the requirement that is still difficult to meet high dam and crosses fish, in the urgent need to a kind of novel fish pass that can be applicable to high dam, make up the mankind and build the existence impact that barrage building causes straddling fish stocks.
Utility model content
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art; the utility model provides a kind of multistage helping to drive formula ecological fishway facility; capture existing fish pass and be difficult to be applicable to the difficult problem of middle and high head key water control project; both can assist straddling fish stocks to cross dam in time, improve crossing fish effect, protection natural fishery resources, ensureing continuity and the diversity of aquatic ecosystem of fish pass, and can shorten again fish pass length, reduce fish and trace back physical consumption in process, reduce requirement on fish gram stream ability and vertical jump in succession ability, avoid the impact on fish gonad development.
Technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, multistage helping of the present utility model driven formula ecological fishway facility, comprises that fish pass unit, the fish pass of the stepped distribution of some levels helps drive system, fish pass energy dissipating system and attracting monitoring system;
Described fish pass unit comprises rear lagging, arch chamber, the first front cross member plate, the second front cross member plate, fish pass base plate, shunting base plate, diffluence room, fish pass two ailerons, described fish pass two ailerons are positioned at the left and right sides of fish pass, rear lagging, the first front cross member plate, the second front cross member plate, fish pass base plate, a left side for shunting base plate, right two ends are fixedly connected on respectively on fish pass two ailerons, described rear lagging lower vertical is fixed on the shunting base plate rear end of level, rear lagging middle part is connected with the shunting base plate front end of adjacent upper level fish pass unit, the fish pass base plate front end of rear lagging top and upper level fish pass unit is connected, described the first front cross member plate, the second front cross member plate is connected with fish pass base plate is vertical respectively, and described arch chamber is positioned at rear lagging, between the first front cross member plate and the second front cross member plate, described fish pass base plate top, for step falls bank, is diffluence room below fish pass base plate, and diffluence room is by shunting base plate, fish pass base plate, the second front cross member plate and rear lagging enclose and form,
Described fish pass helps drive system comprise piston arch and drive fishnet, cyclic track, hoist and ejector, described piston arch and drive fishnet and pump in arch chamber under the driving of hoist, piston arch and drive that fishnet is encircleed by piston and the fishnet that drives that is attached on piston arch forms, described hoist is fixed on shunting base plate and is connected to piston arch bottom, described ejector is arranged on piston arch and drives between fishnet, described cyclic track segmentation is embedded on fish pass two ailerons, and it is belt like to be toothed chain, cyclic track two ends are equiped with driven wheel;
Described fish pass energy dissipating system comprises two bypass pipes, abatvoix, the first front cross member plate and the piston arch that is kept in motion and drive fishnet, described pair of bypass pipe falls bank in fish pass two 30 °～45 ° adjacent diffluence room of connection of aileron outside inclination and step, and described abatvoix is placed on shunting base plate;
Described attracting monitoring system comprises fishing lamp, echo sounder and attracting platform, and described attracting platform is arranged on downstream, is connected with natural water behind dam, and described fishing lamp is placed in the position of attracting platform oblique upper higher than the water surface; Described echo sounder is placed in the fish pass base plate of the upper level fish pass unit that attracting platform is adjacent.Echo sounder plays monitoring fish function.
As preferably, also comprise Ecology river system, described Ecology river system comprises attracting pasture and water and fish pass base plate sediment ripples, attracting pasture and water and fish pass base plate sediment ripples are arranged on respectively on fish pass base plate, fish pass base plate sediment ripples is yellow, make fish pass and natural stream channel more close, Ecology river is effective.
As preferably, piston arch is domes, and the spandrel at two ends is wedge shape, described in to drive fishnet be also domes, present fishnet shape, described in drive fishnet to be attached to piston arch by ejector upper, and can under the effect of ejector, separate or again adhere to piston arch.
It is convex arc that described the first front cross member plate encircles a side near piston; opposite side is WES section overflow weir; it is convex arc that described the second front cross member plate encircles a side near piston; opposite side is plane; the first front cross member plate adopts WES section overflow weir; make current more smooth-going, avoid the oversaturated generation of current dissolved oxygen in fish pass simultaneously, the physiological health of protection straddling fish stocks.Wherein, WES section is the canonical profile of CE, US Army water channel experiment station, and the weir face of WES section overflow weir is thinner, can save engineering quantity, weir face pressure distributes more satisfactory, and negative pressure is little, to safety favourable (" hydraulics " Zhao Xin Zhang Xiaoyuan etc. writes).As preferably, encircle chamber and enclose and form by the wedge shape abut on arc concave surface, the first front cross member plate convex arc, the second front cross member plate convex arc, fish pass base plate and fish pass two ailerons of rear lagging, piston arch can freely be moved up and down at arch chamber.
As preferably; the part that described rear lagging is positioned on fish pass base plate with respect to same fish pass unit is middle hollow, both sides lattice-shaped; the part being positioned under fish pass base plate is middle hollow; a side near hoist is that the arc concave surface of lattice-shaped, opposite side are real plane; porous control valve is equipped with in inside; can realize the timely shunt regulating of flow, it is more even that inner porous control valve and the grid of both sides make to flow through rear lagging current, is conducive to protect the stability of piston arch.
As preferably, gear is equipped with at the described fishnet two ends of driving, drive the gear of fishnet and the toothed chain belt of cyclic track intermeshes, make to drive fishnet along the cyclic track circle that moves counterclockwise, be re-attached to piston arch upper, drive fishnet under the toothed chain belt engagement of cyclic track drives, move back and forth along track cross level, whole the fish of its fish pass unit boostings, in upper level fish pass unit, have greatly been improved and crossed fish efficiency.
In the utility model, described shunting base plate is connected with lagging after adjacent two and fixes as a wholely, and shunting is equipped with abatvoix on base plate; Vertical being fixedly connected of rear lagging of described fish pass base plate and the first front cross member plate, the second front cross member plate and next stage fish pass unit, fish pass base plate bottom is laid with yellow sediment ripples, and attracting pasture and water are laid in fish pass base plate bottom in 3～5 the fish pass unit that are often separated by.
In the utility model, diffluence room is positioned under fish pass base plate, a part by shunting base plate, fish pass base plate, the second front cross member plate, rear lagging and fish pass two ailerons forms, and the step of diffluence room and next stage fish pass unit falls and between bank, is provided with the two bypass pipes that communicate; The bypass pipe water inlet of described pair of bypass pipe is positioned at diffluence room, is straight pipe import, and the step that the bypass pipe delivery port of two bypass pipes is positioned at next stage fish pass unit falls bank, is bend delivery port.
Multistage helping of the present invention driven formula ecological fishway facility in the time of operation, is used in conjunction with computer automatic control system.Described computer automatic control system comprises porous control valve, hoist, computer and doppler ultrasound open-channel meter, described echo sounder is placed on the fish pass base plate of the upper level fish pass unit that attracting platform is adjacent, described porous control valve is arranged on rear lagging inside, described doppler ultrasound open-channel meter is placed on the water surface of upstream fish pass mouth, and described computer connects echo sounder, porous control valve, hoist and doppler ultrasound open-channel meter by data wire.
Multistage helping of the present utility model driven formula ecological fishway facility can form gradually provisional pond in running, heading up, slows down flow velocity, and auxiliary fish are up.Wherein, piston arch and drive fishnet and be domes, the major part of load reaches fish pass two ailerons by arching action and remains stable.The spandrel at described piston arch two ends is wedge type, increases the lifting surface area of spandrel and abut, makes spandrel embed abut simultaneously, keeps piston to encircle the stability moving up and down; The described fishnet that drives is fish net structure, reduces running resistance, and entirety presents arch, utilizes the mechanical characteristic increase of arch to drive the stability of fishnet; Described ejector has concurrently to launch and separates and again adhere to the function of driving fishnet.
Beneficial effect: multistage helping of the present utility model driven formula ecological fishway facility, has following beneficial effect:
(1) the multistage continuous fish excessively that helps the mode of driving to realize fish pass in the utility model, shortened the fish time, reduce physical consumption, ensure fish safety, fish especially poor to physique or that physical consumption is excessive have positive protective effect, preserve muscle power for the follow-up up migration of fish, gonad development has been had no adverse effects, laid eggs guarantee is provided for high-quality;
(2) the unique fish pass block construction in the utility model is set, and makes fish pass in running, form gradually pond, forms suitable fluidised form and the hydrodynamic condition of similar natural river, traces back thereby assist fish to realize;
(3) fishnet that drives in the utility model can, under the toothed chain belt engagement of cyclic track drives, move back and forth along track, and whole the fish of its fish pass unit boostings, in upper level fish pass unit, have greatly been improved and crossed fish efficiency;
(4) the fish pass base plate in the utility model is laid with yellow sediment ripples, attracting pasture and water, and two bypass pipe bend outlets can form circulation in pond, make fish pass and natural stream channel more close, and Ecology river is effective;
(5) the special setting of the rear lagging in the utility model, can realize the timely shunt regulating of flow, and it is more even that inner porous control valve and the grid of both sides make to flow through rear lagging current, is conducive to protect the stability of piston arch;
(6) the first front cross member plate in the utility model adopts WES section overflow weir, makes current more smooth-going, avoids the oversaturated generation of current dissolved oxygen in fish pass simultaneously, the physiological health of protection straddling fish stocks;
(7) abatvoix in the utility model can reduce current sound, reduces the monitoring impact of the nature underwater sound on echo sounder, improves the accuracy of echo sounder;
(8) the utility model fish pass facility can, according to landform, landforms flexible arrangement, can be adjusted by hoist the degree of depth in certain section or certain grade pond;
(9) the utility model can be applicable to middle and high head Large Hydro-Junction engineering and cross fish, has made up existing fish pass and can only be applicable to low water head and cross the shortcoming of fish, has greatly alleviated the mankind and has built the existence impact that barrage building causes straddling fish stocks.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the fish pass block construction figure in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the piston arch schematic diagram in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is fish pass two ailerons and the arch chamber schematic diagram in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 be multistage help drive in formula ecological fishway facility operation fish pass block construction figure.
In figure: 1, arch chamber, 2, piston arch and drive fishnet, 3, the first front cross member plate, 4, cyclic track, 5, attracting pasture and water, 6, fish pass base plate, 7, fish pass base plate sediment ripples, 8, echo sounder, 9, fishing lamp, 10, attracting platform, 11, shunting base plate, 12, abatvoix, 13, diffluence room, 14, bypass pipe delivery port, 15, two bypass pipes, 16, bypass pipe water inlet, 17, rear lagging, 18, porous control valve, 19, the second front cross member plate, 20, hoist, 21, computer, 22, upstream fish pass mouth, 23, doppler ultrasound open-channel meter, 24, fish pass two ailerons, 25, piston arch, 26, spandrel, 27, drive fishnet, 28, ejector, 29, abut, 30, the outlet of piston arch.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, multistage helping of the present utility model driven formula ecological fishway facility, comprises that fish pass unit, the fish pass of the stepped distribution of some levels helps drive system, fish pass energy dissipating system and attracting monitoring system.
Wherein, fish pass unit comprises arch chamber 1, the first front cross member plate 3, cyclic track 4, fish pass base plate 6, fish pass base plate sediment ripples 7, shunting base plate 11, abatvoix 12, diffluence room 13, two bypass pipe 15, rear lagging 17, porous control valve 18, the second front cross member plate 19, hoist 20, fish pass two ailerons 24, piston arch 25, drives fishnet 27, ejector 28, abut 29.Arch chamber 1 is enclosed and is formed by the wedge shape abut 29 on the first front cross member plate 3, the second front cross member plate 19, rear lagging 17, fish pass two ailerons 24 and shunting base plate 11, and arch chamber 1 is between rear lagging 17, the first front cross member plate 3 and the second front cross member plate 19.Fish pass base plate 6 tops are that step falls bank, and fish pass base plate 6 belows are diffluence room 13, and diffluence room 13 is enclosed and formed by shunting base plate 11, fish pass base plate 6, the second front cross member plate 19 and rear lagging 17.Rear lagging 17, arch chamber 1, the first front cross member plate 3, the second front cross member plate 19, fish pass base plate 6, diffluence room 13, fish pass two ailerons 24 form upper and lower double-deck step and fall bank and diffluence room's assembly work.Plug arch 25, drive fishnet 27 and ejector 28 is combined into overall piston arch and drives fishnet 2 in the time of fish pass unit non-operating state, in the time of the initial launch of fish pass unit, piston encircles and drives fishnet 2 and starts to rise under hoist 20 drives, in the time that piston encircles 25 hit the ceiling, triggering ejector 28 will drive fishnet 27 and send into cyclic track 4, then drive fishnet 27 slowly moves one week counterclockwise under the toothed chain belt drives of cyclic track 4, then be attached on piston arch 25 by ejector, follow piston arch and drive fishnet 2 and start to decline under hoist 20 drives, return to reset condition (computer control), hoist 20 is fixed on shunting base plate 11, and is connected to piston and encircles 25 bottoms.Cyclic track 4 segmentations are embedded on fish pass two ailerons 24, and it is belt like to be toothed chain, and there is driven wheel at cyclic track 4 two ends, the toothed chain belt of installing on whole piece track with drive fishnet 27 two ends gears and can intermesh.Ejector 28 is arranged on piston arch 25 and drives between fishnet 27; The upper limb of the lower edge of the first front cross member plate 3 and the second front cross member plate 19 is be connected to a fixed vertical with fish pass base plate 6 all, fish pass base plate 6 horizontal arrangement, rear lagging 17 lower vertical are fixed on shunting base plate 11 rear ends of level, and middle part is connected with fish pass base plate 6 front ends with adjacent upper level fish pass unit shunting base plate 11 front ends respectively with top.Fish pass two ailerons 24 are positioned at the both sides of about fish pass, and with vertical being connected and fixed in left and right two ends of rear lagging 17, the first front cross member plate 3, the second front cross member plate 19, fish pass base plate 6, shunting base plate 11; Two bypass pipes 15 tilt 30 °～45 ° to connect adjacent diffluence room 13 in fish pass two aileron 24 outsides and step falls bank, bypass pipe water inlet 16 is positioned at diffluence room 13, be straight pipe import, the step that bypass pipe delivery port 14 is positioned at next stage fish pass unit falls bank, is bend delivery port; Abatvoix 12 is arranged on shunting base plate 11, reduces current sound, reduces the impact of the nature underwater sound on echo sounder monitoring effect.
Fish pass helps drive system comprise piston arch and drive fishnet 2, cyclic track 4, hoist 20 and ejector 28, be placed in the piston arch of arch in chamber 1 and drive fishnet 2 and there is piston arch 25 and be attached to and drive fishnet 27 on piston arch 25, piston encircles 25 belows and is provided with hoist 20, hoist 20 is fixed on shunting base plate 11 and is connected to piston and encircles 25 bottoms, piston arch 25 pumps under hoist 20 drives in arch chamber 1, ejector 28 is arranged on piston arch 25 and drives between fishnet 27, cyclic track 4 segmentations are embedded on fish pass two ailerons 24, and it is belt like to be toothed chain, cyclic track 4 two ends are equiped with driven wheel, fish pass energy dissipating system comprises two bypass pipes 15, abatvoix 12, the first front cross member plate 3 and the piston arch that is kept in motion and drive fishnet 2, two bypass pipes 15 tilt 30 °～45 ° to connect adjacent diffluence room 13 in fish pass two aileron 24 outsides and step falls bank, and abatvoix 12 is placed on shunting base plate 11, attracting monitoring system comprises fishing lamp 9, echo sounder 8 and attracting platform 10, attracting platform 10 is arranged on downstream, be connected with natural water behind dam, fishing lamp 9 is placed in the position of attracting platform 10 oblique uppers higher than the water surface, and echo sounder 8 is placed in the fish pass base plate 6 of the upper level fish pass unit that attracting platform 10 is adjacent.Echo sounder 8 plays monitoring fish function.
In the present embodiment, also comprise Ecology river system, Ecology river system comprises attracting pasture and water 5 and fish pass base plate sediment ripples 7, and attracting pasture and water 5 and fish pass base plate sediment ripples 7 are arranged on respectively on fish pass base plate 6, make fish pass and natural stream channel more close, Ecology river is effective; Piston arch 25 be domes, and the spandrel 26 at two ends is wedge shape, and driving fishnet 27 is also domes, presents fishnet shape, is attached to piston and encircles on 25, and can under the effect of ejector 28, encircle 25 with piston and separate or again adhere to by ejector 28; The part that rear lagging 17 is positioned on fish pass base plate 6 with respect to same fish pass unit is middle hollow, both sides lattice-shaped, the part being positioned under fish pass base plate 6 is middle hollow, a side near hoist 20 is that the arc concave surface of lattice-shaped, opposite side are real plane, porous control valve 18 is equipped with in inside, can realize the timely shunt regulating of flow, it is more even that inner porous control valve 18 and the grid of both sides make to flow through rear lagging 17 current, is conducive to protect the stability of piston arch 25; The first front cross member plate 3 is convex arc near piston arch 25 1 sides, opposite side is WES section overflow weir, the second front cross member plate 19 is convex arc near piston arch 25 1 sides, opposite side is plane, the first front cross member plate 3 adopts WES section overflow weir, make current more smooth-going, avoid the oversaturated generation of current dissolved oxygen in fish pass simultaneously, the physiological health of protection straddling fish stocks; Arch chamber 1 is enclosed and is formed by arc concave surface, the first front cross member plate 3 convex arc, the second front cross member plate 19 convex arc, fish pass base plate 6 and fish pass two ailerons 24 of rear lagging 17, and piston arch 25 can freely be moved up and down at arch chamber 1.
In the present embodiment, drive fishnet 27 two ends gear is housed, drive the gear of fishnet 27 and the toothed chain belt of cyclic track 4 intermeshes, make to drive fishnet 27 along cyclic track 4 circle that moves counterclockwise, be re-attached on piston arch 25, drive fishnet 27 under the toothed chain belt engagement of cyclic track 4 drives, move back and forth along track, whole the fish of its fish pass unit boostings, in upper level fish pass unit, have greatly been improved and crossed fish efficiency.
In the present embodiment, shunting base plate 11 is connected with lagging 17 after adjacent two and fixes as a wholely, shunts on base plate 11 and is equipped with abatvoix 12; Vertical being fixedly connected of rear lagging 17 of fish pass base plate 6 and the first front cross member plate 3, the second front cross member plate 19 and next stage fish pass unit, fish pass base plate 6 bottoms are laid with yellow sediment ripples, 3-5 the fish pass unit that be often separated by, lays attracting pasture and water 5 in fish pass base plate 6 bottoms.
In the present embodiment, diffluence room 13 is positioned under fish pass base plate 6, a part by shunting base plate 11, fish pass base plate 6, the second front cross member plate 19, rear lagging 17 and fish pass two ailerons 24 forms, and the step of diffluence room 13 and next stage fish pass unit falls and between bank, is provided with the two bypass pipes 15 that communicate; The bypass pipe water inlet 16 of two bypass pipes 15 is positioned at diffluence room 13, is straight pipe import, and the step that the bypass pipe delivery port 14 of two bypass pipes 15 is positioned at next stage fish pass unit falls bank, is bend delivery port.Fish pass two aileron 24 both sides are provided with abut 29, and abut 29 is provided with gathering sill, and piston arch 25 can move up and down along gathering sill, are provided with piston arch outlet 30 between fish pass two ailerons 24.
Multistage helping of the present utility model driven formula ecological fishway facility, the operation of coupled computer automatic control system.Computer automatic control system comprises echo sounder 8, porous control valve 18, hoist 20, computer 21 and doppler ultrasound open-channel meter 23, echo sounder 8 is placed on the fish pass base plate 6 of the upper level fish pass unit that attracting platform 10 is adjacent, porous control valve 18 is arranged on rear lagging 17 inside, doppler ultrasound open-channel meter 23 is placed on the water surface of upstream fish pass mouth 22, and computer 21 connects echo sounder 8, porous control valve 18, hoist 20 and doppler ultrasound open-channel meter 23 by data wire.This multistage operation method that drives formula ecological fishway facility that helps, drives ecological fishway unit running status, relay conveying straddling fish stocks by multistage the helping of computer control, and the dam of crossing of realizing straddling fish stocks traces back, and in the present embodiment, operation method comprises the following steps:
1. in fish migration season, by studying gram stream ability, physiological habit and the behavioral characteristic of different straddling fish stocks, preset the parameter of computer control system 21, drive porous control valve 18 apertures of unit, formula ecological fishway pond at different levels and the operation conditions of hoist 20 by multistage the helping of computer control.Specifically utilize doppler ultrasound open-channel meter 23 to record upstream fish pass mouth 22 mean flow raties and the depth of water, according to predefined parameter, calculate bypass flow by computer 21, determine porous control valve 18 apertures of fish pass unit, instruction is passed to the porous control valve 18 of fish pass at different levels unit, by fish pass flow-control in optimum range;
2. open fishing lamp 9, fall fish under the common inducing action of the underwater sound at fishing lamp 9, attracting platform 10 and step and start up gathering;
3. monitor echo sounder 8 by computer 21, in the time that the sound of fish generation reaches the threshold value of setting, by computer 21, hoist 20 and the cyclic track 4 of first order fish pass unit send instruction downstream, piston arch and drive fishnet 2 start rising under this hoist 20 drives, first order fish pass unit forms pond gradually, heading up, slow down flow velocity, in the time that encircleing and drive fishnet 2 hit the ceiling, triggers in piston ejector 28, make to drive fishnet 27 and launch disengaging from piston arch 25, and enter cyclic track 4, the gear that drives fishnet 27 two ends upstream moves along getting on the right track of cyclic track 4 under the toothed chain belt engagement on cyclic track 4 surfaces, help and drive that to enter the fish of the first fish pass unit all up,
4. when driving while moving on to the first front cross member plate 3 on fishnet 27, by computer 21 downstream the hoist 20 of second level fish pass unit send instruction, the piston arch of fish pass unit, the second level and drive fishnet 2 start rising under its hoist 20 drives, fish pass unit, the second level forms pond gradually, heading up, slow down flow velocity, in the time that encircleing and drive fishnet 2 hit the ceiling, triggers in piston ejector 28, make to drive fishnet 27 and launch disengaging from piston arch 25, and enter the cyclic track 4 of downstream second stage fish pass unit, similarly, the gear that drives fishnet 27 two ends upstream moves along getting on the right track of cyclic track 4 under the toothed chain belt engagement on cyclic track 4 surfaces, help and drive that to enter the fish of the second fish pass unit all up,
5. when execution step 4., first order fish pass unit drive fishnet 27 under the gear drive effect of two ends, engage with the toothed chain belt on cyclic track 4 surfaces, first order fish pass unit, return and be attached on piston arch 25 along the lower railway of cyclic track 4, then the hoist 20 of first order fish pass unit starts to decline, return to reset condition, complete one-period;
6. fish pass at different levels help the mode of driving to complete by step process 4., 5. step by step, enter upstream until complete fish
7. when fish pass upstream helps step by step and drives, downstream first order fish pass is by 3. step operation; So one-level connects helping of one-level and drives circulation conveying, completes the up process of whole fish pass.
After fish migration finishes season, close echo sounder 8, porous control valve 18, hoist 20 and doppler ultrasound open-channel meter 23 by computer 21.
Multistage helping of the present utility model driven formula ecological fishway facility and is suitable for middle and high head Large Hydro-Junction engineering and crosses fish, make up the shortcoming that existing fish pass can only be applicable to low water head and cross fish, greatly alleviated the mankind and built the existence impact that barrage building causes straddling fish stocks.The multistage continuous fish excessively that helps the mode of driving to realize fish pass; shortened the fish time; reduce physical consumption; ensure fish safety; fish especially poor to physique or that physical consumption is excessive have positive protective effect; preserve muscle power for the follow-up up migration of fish, gonad development has been had no adverse effects, laid eggs guarantee is provided for high-quality.Fish pass forms gradually pond, forms suitable fluidised form and the hydrodynamic condition of similar natural river in running, fish pass base plate is laid with yellow sediment ripples, attracting pasture and water, two bypass pipe bend outlets can form circulation in pond, make fish pass and natural stream channel more close, Ecology river is effective.The running of whole fish pass system can realize computer whole-process automatic control, reliability is high, and computer can be adjusted flow in real time according to monitoring observation and data analysis, controls fish pass operation process, adjust voluntarily the periodic duty interval of fish pass control system, improve attracting effect.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; be noted that for those skilled in the art; do not departing under the prerequisite of the utility model principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. multistage helping driven a formula ecological fishway facility, it is characterized in that: the fish pass unit, the fish pass that comprise the stepped distribution of some levels help drive system, fish pass energy dissipating system and attracting monitoring system,
Described fish pass unit comprises rear lagging (17), arch chamber (1), the first front cross member plate (3), the second front cross member plate (19), fish pass base plate (6), shunting base plate (11), diffluence room (13), fish pass two ailerons (24), described fish pass two ailerons (24) are positioned at the left and right sides of fish pass, described rear lagging (17), the first front cross member plate (3), the second front cross member plate (19), fish pass base plate (6), a left side for shunting base plate (11), right two ends are fixedly connected on respectively on fish pass two ailerons (24), described rear lagging (17) lower vertical is fixed on shunting base plate (11) rear end of level, rear lagging (17) middle part is connected with shunting base plate (11) front end of adjacent upper level fish pass unit, fish pass base plate (6) front end of rear lagging (17) top and upper level fish pass unit is connected, described the first front cross member plate (3), the second front cross member plate (19) respectively with vertical connection of fish pass base plate (6), described arch chamber (1) is positioned at rear lagging (17), between the first front cross member plate (3) and the second front cross member plate (19), bank is fallen for step in described fish pass base plate (6) top, described fish pass base plate (6) below is diffluence room (13), and diffluence room (13) is by shunting base plate (11), fish pass base plate (6), the second front cross member plate (19) and rear lagging (17) enclose and form,
Described fish pass helps drive system comprise piston arch and drive fishnet (2), cyclic track (4), hoist (20) and ejector (28), described piston arch and drive fishnet (2) and pump in arch chamber (1) under the driving of hoist (20), piston arch and drive fishnet (2) by piston arch (25) and be attached to the fishnet (27) that drives that piston encircles on (25) and form, described hoist (20) is fixed on shunting base plate (11) and goes up and be connected to piston arch (25) bottom, described ejector (28) is arranged on piston arch (25) and drives between fishnet (27), described cyclic track (4) segmentation is embedded on fish pass two ailerons (24), and it is belt like to be toothed chain, cyclic track (4) two ends are equiped with driven wheel,
Described fish pass energy dissipating system comprises two bypass pipes (15), abatvoix (12), the first front cross member plate (3) and the piston arch (25) being kept in motion and drives fishnet (27), described pair of bypass pipe (15) tilts 30 °～45 ° to connect adjacent diffluence room (13) in fish pass two ailerons (24) outside and step falls bank, and described abatvoix (12) is placed on shunting base plate (11);
Described attracting monitoring system comprises fishing lamp (9), echo sounder (8) and attracting platform (10), described attracting platform (10) is arranged on downstream, be connected with natural water behind dam, described fishing lamp (9) is placed in the position of attracting platform (10) oblique upper higher than the water surface; Described echo sounder (8) is placed in the fish pass base plate (6) of the upper level fish pass unit that attracting platform (10) is adjacent.
2. multistage helping according to claim 1 driven formula ecological fishway facility, it is characterized in that: also comprise Ecology river system, described Ecology river system comprises attracting pasture and water (5) and fish pass base plate sediment ripples (7), and attracting pasture and water (5) and fish pass base plate sediment ripples (7) are arranged on respectively on fish pass base plate (6).
3. drive formula ecological fishway facility according to multistage helping claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described piston arch (25) is domes, and the spandrel (26) at two ends is wedge shape; The described fishnet (27) that drives is also domes, present fishnet shape, the described fishnet (27) that drives is attached to piston arch (25) above by ejector (28), and separates or again adhere to piston arch (25) under the effect of ejector (28).
4. multistage helping according to claim 3 driven formula ecological fishway facility, it is characterized in that: the part that described rear lagging (17) is positioned on fish pass base plate (6) with respect to same fish pass unit is middle hollow, both sides lattice-shaped, the part being positioned under fish pass base plate (6) is middle hollow, a side near hoist (20) is that the arc concave surface of lattice-shaped, opposite side are real plane, and porous control valve (18) is equipped with in inside.
5. multistage helping according to claim 1 driven formula ecological fishway facility, it is characterized in that: described the first front cross member plate (3) is convex arc near piston arch (25) one sides, opposite side is WES section overflow weir, described the second front cross member plate (19) is convex arc near piston arch (25) one sides, and opposite side is plane.
6. multistage helping according to claim 1 driven formula ecological fishway facility, it is characterized in that: described arch chamber (1) is enclosed and formed by the wedge shape abut (29) on arc concave surface, the first front cross member plate (3) convex arc, the second front cross member plate (19) convex arc, fish pass base plate (6) and fish pass two ailerons (24) of rear lagging (17).
7. multistage helping according to claim 1 driven formula ecological fishway facility, it is characterized in that: described in drive fishnet (27) two ends gear be housed, drive the gear of fishnet (27) and the toothed chain belt of cyclic track (4) intermeshes.
8. drive formula ecological fishway facility according to multistage the helping described in claim 1 to 7 any one, it is characterized in that: also comprise porous control valve (18), hoist (20), computer (21) and doppler ultrasound open-channel meter (23), described porous control valve (18) is arranged on rear lagging (17) inside, described doppler ultrasound open-channel meter (23) is placed on the water surface of upstream fish pass mouth (22), described computer (21) connects echo sounder (8) by data wire, porous control valve (18), hoist (20) and doppler ultrasound open-channel meter (23).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420385898.4U CN204000792U (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2014-07-11 | Multistage helping driven formula ecological fishway facility |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420385898.4U CN204000792U (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2014-07-11 | Multistage helping driven formula ecological fishway facility |
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| CN204000792U true CN204000792U (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104088260A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-08 | 河海大学 | Multistage assisted-driving type ecological fishway facility and operation method thereof |
| CN108221886A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-06-29 | 浙江水利水电学院 | There is the streamline variable cross-section recoil energy dissipating fish pass of attracting |
| CN109811730A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-28 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | A kind of deep water net foil device ensureing fish-gathering effect |
| CN111587826A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-08-28 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Ecological migration channel of eriocheir sinensis and reconstruction method thereof |
| CN112195881A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-01-08 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Flow control pond and fishway of control fishway depth of water |
-
2014
- 2014-07-11 CN CN201420385898.4U patent/CN204000792U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104088260A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-08 | 河海大学 | Multistage assisted-driving type ecological fishway facility and operation method thereof |
| CN104088260B (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2015-10-07 | 河海大学 | Multistage helping drives formula ecological fishway facility and operation method thereof |
| CN108221886A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-06-29 | 浙江水利水电学院 | There is the streamline variable cross-section recoil energy dissipating fish pass of attracting |
| CN109811730A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-28 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | A kind of deep water net foil device ensureing fish-gathering effect |
| CN111587826A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-08-28 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Ecological migration channel of eriocheir sinensis and reconstruction method thereof |
| CN112195881A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-01-08 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Flow control pond and fishway of control fishway depth of water |
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