CN109736254A - High dam integrates fish pass structure and its crosses fish method - Google Patents
High dam integrates fish pass structure and its crosses fish method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109736254A CN109736254A CN201910133668.6A CN201910133668A CN109736254A CN 109736254 A CN109736254 A CN 109736254A CN 201910133668 A CN201910133668 A CN 201910133668A CN 109736254 A CN109736254 A CN 109736254A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- fish
- collecting box
- water
- tail water
- lift
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
- E02B8/085—Devices allowing fish migration, e.g. fish traps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of comprehensive fish pass structures of high dam.It includes fish collection system, transported dam system, harbour movement system and transport and release system；The fish collection system is located at the tail water area in dam power station, and the fish collection system includes collection facilities for fish's passage and promotion facility；The collection facilities for fish's passage is including the use of the fish lift and tail water fish-collecting box of tail water fish gathering, and the fish lift is in the draft tube deck and tailwater channel in dam downstream；The tail water fish-collecting box is arranged at draft tube deck and tailrace tunnel/tail water nozzle；The promotion facility is arranged on draft tube deck, and it is connected with the collection facilities for fish's passage, the dam system of transporting is detachably connected with the promotion facility, and the harbour movement system input is described to transport dam system, and the transport releases system and inputs the harbour movement system.The advantages of present invention, which has, improves fish gathering efficiency, and preferably help fish cross dam.Fish method is crossed the invention also discloses the comprehensive fish pass structure of the high dam.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic engineerings and environment-friendly engineering technical field, more specifically say it is the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam.
More specifically say it is the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam using tail water fish gathering.The invention further relates to the mistakes of the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam
Fish method.
Background technique
While playing the benefits such as its flood control, power generation, shipping, also bringing to ecological environment can not neglect hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering
Depending on influence, especially the barrier in fish migration channel is influenced, is concerned in recent years.Fish pass structure is hindered as dam is alleviated
It uses and has more than 300 years in the world every the fish protection measure of effect, can play on restoring fish migration channel and linking up
The effect of downstream fish exchange.
However, since head is high, range of stage is big etc., factors, high dam cross the technical problem that fish always faces both at home and abroad,
It mainly includes fish pass, fish lift and boat for collection and transportation of fish etc. that high dam used at present, which crosses fish to cross fish mode, above-mentioned several method exist with
Lower drawback:
1) since dam head is high, the length ability for needing to grow very much using fish pass mode will be along journey flow control in fish gram
Stream ability is hereinafter, therefore fish pass may be up to several kilometers, and high dam is generally built in high-mountain gorge areas, arranges long range fish pass
Difficulty is very big, and invests huge；
2) fish are consumed one's strength very much by long range fish pass, may be caused to pass through inefficiency and be caused prolonging for oviposition
Late；
3) fish lift is typically located at a certain position in bank or dam, is drawn water using diversion on dam or pumping plant and carries out moisturizing
Attracting, due to its refill flow generally below power generation tail water flow, most of fish can still can be attracted by power generation tail water, along tail water
Mainstream is traced back, and is assembled and is trapped near draft tube (hole), and fish pass structure import fish gathering inefficiency is caused；
4) reservoir area water or consumption huge electric energy can be consumed when fish lift moisturizing attracting, on engineering power benefit influence compared with
Greatly；
5) fish inlet of fish pass and fish lift is generally relatively fixed, it is difficult to take into account it is different become properties of flow and gram stream ability fish
Class；
6) before the outlet of fish pass and fish lift is normally at dam, fish abruptly enter the area that flow velocity is essentially hydrostatic after crossing dam
Domain, it is difficult to find and trace back direction, the prolonged stay before dam, influences fish reproduction；
7) fish were transported dam by ship generally using collection fishing boat (platform) fish gathering under dam by boat for collection and transportation of fish, and high
River where dam is typically in rapids and shoals section, and navigation condition is poor, and collection fishing boat (platform) does not generally have operating condition, and
And during dam flood-discharge, the safety of collection fishing boat (platform) is more difficult to ensure；
8) above-mentioned several fish pass structure fish inlet elevations are relatively fixed, it is difficult to trap the fish inhabited in different water levels, such as
The attracting water flow of collection fishing boat is difficult to trap the fish on surface layer.
It is existing application No. is: 201711383215.6, patent name be " it is a kind of be suitable for range of stage transporting something containerized fish system
System " and application No. is: 201810150802.9, patent name is that " a kind of fish lift fish collection system device " is disclosed including mending
Water system, fish collection system, the transporting something containerized fish apparatus system for going up and down transfer system, fish-collecting box are set to fish gathering gallery stem and are mounted on
On jacking system, shoal of fish feature and stage-discharge the variation Automatic Optimal observed according to fish monitor adjusts fish inlet valve
With the aperture of water supply valve, meet the variety classes shoal of fish in the suitable hydraulics of different location；But it is mended using water pump etc.
Drainage facility extracts water source and carries out attracting, first is that limited flow, attracting efficiency is lower；Second is that pumping for water pump energy consumption is larger, to engineering
Power benefit is affected；Third is that fish gathering channel fish inlet elevation is fixed, it is not applied for inhabiting the fish in different water levels, collects
Fingerling class is restricted；Fourth is that having the more mechanical equipments and mechanically actuated such as the decentralization of towing grid, towing grid translation, machine
Structure and complicated operation.
It is existing application No. is 201711278801.4, patent name is " comprehensive transporting something containerized fish platform and to solve power station resistance
Hinder the method that fish are traced back " to disclose the newly-built collection attracting of forefront position downstream area for tracing back arrival in tail water downstream fish logical
Road, and add relevant episode attracting measure, observation device in channel and promote transhipment setting, realize that fish trap, see under dam
The method that the comprehensive transporting something containerized fish platform for the purpose of surveying and transporting and solution power station hinder fish to trace back；It is pumped by water pump group
The water body for sending certain flow is discharged through being laid in channel two sides with the pipeline for being embedded in bottom, is formed and is crossed fish target for different
Hobby velocity flow profile trap fish, but its using water pump artificial flowing to attract fish, have following insufficient: 1. flow has
Limit, attracting low efficiency；2. pumping for water pump energy consumption is more larger；3. water pump influences attracting effect there may be vibration and noise；Separately
Outside, this application, which is only disclosed, is driven fish or is trapped to fish-collecting box by artificial water flow and barrier net or related supplementary means
It is interior, but with no specific disclosure of its equipment and operating process, actually operation difficulty is very big, and may bring the damage to fish.
In addition, trap fish in channel to fish-collecting box it discloses that can be stayed by artificial water in fish gathering channel, it can also
Fish to be driven or are trapped to fish-collecting box by barrier net or related supplementary means；But its fish-collecting box is set to fish gathering channel
Ladder on, during fish gathering, fish-collecting box side chamber door is lifted up unlatching, after trapping certain amount fish in case, puts down out
The chamber door opened prevents fish in fish-collecting box from escaping, adds fish gathering channel, take time and effort, be affected to engineering power benefit.
It is existing application No. is: 201720271676.3, patent name be " it is a kind of based on flow field manufacture high dam attracting fish gathering
Device " a kind of attracting fish-collecting box of fish for accommodating and being attracted is disclosed, attracting fish-collecting box end, which is connected with, facilitates fish to enter
In attracting fish-collecting box and participate in attracting flow field construction hump type overflow weir high dam attracting fish-aggregating device；Its isomorphism water pump and overflow
Weir manufacture " happiness fish flow field " is flowed, and LED light strip and small-size sound box are installed in device and manufacture illumination and sound, comprehensive flow field,
Illumination, sound；
But it is aided with light and attracts fish, there are still following deficiencies: 1. passing through diving since it using immersible pump makes stream
Pump is made stream its flow of attracting and is extremely limited, attracting low efficiency；2. pumping for water pump energy consumption is more larger, operating cost is high；3. water pump
There may be vibration and noises, influence attracting effect；4. different fish there is difference to walk quickly and keep away reaction light, sound wave etc., not yet
Proof has pervasive attractive effect to fish, therefore the validity of other measures in addition to water flow attracting and feasibility are not possible to
Confirmation.
Therefore, high dam cross fish in fish gathering, the links such as transport and release and there is technical problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide for a kind of comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam can be flexible using tail water fish gathering
Working depth is adjusted, the fish of different water levels are collected, improves fish gathering efficiency, preferably help fish cross dam.
The second object of the present invention is to provide for the fish method excessively that high dam integrates fish pass structure, utilizes tail water fish gathering, high
Fish are transported and release in the acquisition of efficiency, improve fish efficiency, and preferably protect fish.
In order to realize the first purpose of aforementioned present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: high dam integrates fish pass structure, it is special
Sign is: including fish collection system, transporting dam system, harbour movement system and transport and releases system；The fish collection system is located at
The tail water area in dam power station, the fish collection system include collection facilities for fish's passage and promotion facility；
The collection facilities for fish's passage is set to big including the use of the fish lift and tail water fish-collecting box, the fish lift of tail water fish gathering
In the draft tube deck and tailwater channel in dam downstream；The tail water fish-collecting box is arranged at draft tube deck and tailrace tunnel/tail water nozzle；
The promotion facility is arranged on draft tube deck, and is connected with the collection facilities for fish's passage, described to transport dam system
It is detachably connected with the promotion facility；The harbour movement system input is described to transport dam system, and the transport, which releases, is
System inputs the harbour movement system.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the fish lift includes that guide-wall, collection fishpond and fish lift fish-collecting box, the promotion are set
Apply one of at least tail water door machine or loop wheel machine or truck crane or pinion and-rack and/or decentralization guide rail；The promotion facility
Including fish lift hoisting mechanism and tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism；The guide-wall setting is in draft tube/tailrace tunnel bottom plate and disappears
On the bottom plate of power pond and/or tailwater channel, the collection fishpond is arranged in draft tube/tailrace tunnel downstream side or stilling pond, the liter
Fish machine fish-collecting box is connect with the fish lift hoisting mechanism, and fish lift hoisting mechanism setting is in the draft tube deck and described
Collect on fishpond, the collection fishpond is in vertical shaft type structure.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the fish lift hoisting mechanism includes bent columns, the first crane and the first suspension hook, institute
Bent columns are stated set on the collection fishpond upper end, first crane is set to the bent columns upper end, the first suspension hook activity
It is connected on first crane；The tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism is set on the draft tube deck, the tail water fish gathering
Case hoisting mechanism includes the second crane and the second hawser, and second crane is set to the tail water overhauling door gate slot top；
The tail water fish-collecting box is connected on second crane by second hawser；The tail water fish-collecting box is set to tail water
In tower or draft tube deck；The tail water fish-collecting box has one or more.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the first anti-escape horn mouth is set to the water outlet in the collection fishpond；Described first is anti-
Escaping horn mouth has multiple, and multiple first anti-escape horn mouths are in being set side by side and/or be stacked；There is the first fish inlet to be set to described
First anti-escape flare end and be located at the collection fishpond in；
There is the second anti-escape horn mouth to be set on the tail water fish-collecting box, there is the second fish inlet to be set to the described second anti-escape loudspeaker
Mouthful end and it is located in the tail water fish-collecting box, outside of second fish inlet towards the draft tube/tailrace tunnel；It is described
First anti-escape horn mouth and the second anti-escape horn mouth are permeable cell structure.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, have barricade be set to it is described collection fishpond water inlet and be located at the draft tube/
Between tailrace tunnel side wall and the guide-wall, or between the tailwater channel side wall and the guide-wall；The fish lift collection
Fish box includes the first permeable grid positioned at the first water baffle of lower end and set on water baffle upper end, and described first deposits
Water baffle has muti-piece, and the first water baffle described in muti-piece surrounds the square structure of upper end opening；There is the first lifting lug to be set to the liter
On fish machine fish-collecting box, the fish lift fish-collecting box is connected on the fish lift hoisting mechanism by first lifting lug.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the barricade, which is at least, blocks one of fish electrode and grid；The first
Heavy-duty machine is at least one in gantry crane, bridge crane, arm derrick crane, cable crane and autocrane
Kind；The fish lift fish-collecting box is connected on first suspension hook by first lifting lug；The fish lift fish-collecting box and institute
It states and is slidably connected and positions by track or sliding block between collection fishpond, or the tooth-like connection and positioning that pass through rack-and-pinion；It is described
It is slidably connected and positions by track or sliding block between fish lift fish-collecting box and the bent columns, or pass through the tooth-like of rack-and-pinion
Connection and positioning.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the tail water fish-collecting box includes frame and the grid on the frame；Frame packet
Fish gathering frame and guiding device are included, the guiding device is respectively arranged on fish gathering frame two sides；The fish gathering frame includes collection
Fish portion frame and water part frame, the water part frame are set to fish gathering part frame lower end；
The second anti-escape horn mouth has one or more, and second fish inlet has one or more；There is the second lifting lug
On the frame；Second lifting lug has multiple；The tail water fish-collecting box is connected to the tail by second lifting lug
On water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism；The water part frame is equipped with the second water baffle；The water part frame with it is described
Second water baffle surrounds the rectangular water structure of upper end opening.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, there is block water plate structure to be set in the frame and be located at frame water inlet side, institute
Stating block water plate structure has one or more, and the block water plate structure is in horizontal and/or longitudinal；The guiding device, which is at least, to be slided
One of block, rail limiting device, rack-and-pinion are a variety of；The fish gathering frame further included water section frame, the mistake
Water section frame is set between the spaced two fish gathering frames, or in the fish gathering frame and/or between being located at
Between two second fish inlets of setting.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, transporting dam system includes fish transportation vehicle, fish-carrying tank and the dimension being located in the fish-carrying tank
Raw system, fish transportation vehicle and the fish lift fish-collecting box for being promoted to draft tube deck be detachably connected and/or be promoted to draft tube deck
The tail water fish-collecting box is detachably connected；Harbour movement system includes harbour and boom hoisting；Boom hoisting is at least tower
One of heavy-duty machine, gantry crane, the crane of autocrane or setting aboard ship；Transport releases system and includes at least fortune
Defeated releasing ship.
In order to realize the second purpose of aforementioned present invention, set the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the high dam integrated fish
That applies crosses fish method, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1: attracting
After determining the tailrace tunnel/draft tube for carrying out fish gathering, fish lift fish-collecting box is placed on using fish lift hoisting mechanism
Collect the elevation set in fishpond, under generating operation mode, opens the barricade positioned at fish gathering pond upstream end, the water outlet for collecting fishpond is put
The first anti-escape horn mouth is set；And/or tail water fish-collecting box is placed on by the second hawser using tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism
The elevation set in tailrace tunnel/draft tube；
Step 2: fish gathering
When power station power generation, power generation tail water is flowed into from the water inlet in collection fishpond, is flowed out from water outlet, forms attracting water flow,
When the fish in dam downstream trace back migration along tail water area side, along collection fishpond the first fish inlet below trace back, by first into
The water flow let out under lymphogranuloma inguinale attracts, and then enters fish lift collection after entering collection fishpond from the first fish inlet by the first anti-escape horn mouth
Fish box；
And/or after fish are drawn near draft tube/tail water hole by power generation tail water, along draft tube/tail water hole
Edge waits for an opportunity to trace back, into tail water fish-collecting box；
Step 3: it is promoted and is loaded
After the fish lift fish-collecting box for being located at right bank by underwater camera discovery is collected into a certain number of fish, pass through
The fish lift fish-collecting box for being placed on fish gathering bottom of pond portion is promoted to draft tube deck along collection fishpond and bent columns by fish lift hoisting mechanism；
And/or when tail water fish gathering casing working after a certain period of time, or by underwater camera find a certain number of fish into
After entering tail water fish-collecting box, tail water fish-collecting box is promoted to along tail water overhauling door gate slot by tail water using tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism and is put down
Platform；
After tail water fish-collecting box and/or fish lift fish-collecting box are promoted to draft tube deck, fish transportation vehicle is travelled to draft tube deck, fortune
Fish box is connected by connecting pipe with tail water fish-collecting box and/or fish lift fish-collecting box, by tail water fish-collecting box and/or fish lift collection
Fish in fish box are transferred in fish-carrying tank；
Step 4: dam was transported
After the fish of collection load, the life-support system in fish-carrying tank is opened, guarantees the health in fish transport process,
Fish were transported dam by Guo Ba highway by fish transportation vehicle, and were sent to harbour movement system；
Step 5: harbour transhipment
Fish transportation vehicle transports fish-carrying tank to staithe, is lifted fish-carrying tank to fortune fish by harbour boom hoisting and released
On ship；
Step 7: transport releases
After fish-carrying tank is reprinted to fortune fish releasing ship, fish are transported to place is released along pre-determined route, confirmation releases
After the safety of waters, by fish-releasing into river；After completion releases, fortune fish releasing ship returns to staithe, and completion is entire to cross fish stream
Journey.
The present invention has the advantage that
(1) present invention utilizes the properties of flow that becomes of fish, carries out fish gathering in the most close quarters of fish, collection can be greatly improved
Fish efficiency (attracting water of the invention is big, generally can reach hundred times or more of conventional fish lift attracting flow)；It overcomes existing
Technology fish inlet attracting water flow is smaller, can not compete with power plant tail water, at most of fish collection to power plant tail water, cause fish
The shortcomings that facility fish gathering inefficiency；
It is (2) of the invention by the way that collection facilities for fish's passage is arranged simultaneously on the outside of tailrace tunnel (draft tube) mouth and tailrace tunnel (draft tube),
Formed it is complementary, can trap it is different become properties of flow and gram stream ability fish, overcome background technique and be difficult to take into account difference and become stream
The shortcomings that fish of characteristic and gram stream ability；
(3) present invention does not need additional moisturizing, avoids the diversion from dam or builds pumping plant diversion, has been greatly saved engineering
Operating cost (about 2000~40,000,000 yuan of common fish lift construction cost, about 10,000,000 yuan of cost of the present invention)；It overcomes existing
(present invention utilizes power generation tail water attracting to the disadvantage that technology fish pass structure rate of water make-up is big, operating cost is high, not water loss and electricity
Power, operating cost are lower；And prior art fish lift generally leans on upstream diversion or water pump moisturizing, according to average 2.0m3The benefit of/s
Water calculates, and about 17.3 ten thousand tons of daily water loss, about 1.5 ten thousand degree of power consumption electric, and operating cost is higher)；
(4) the invention avoids fish generates injured risk due to being trapped in the turbulent flows such as tail water gate slot waters for a long time；
(5) working depth can be adjusted flexibly in the present invention, be collected to the fish of different water levels；Overcome the prior art
Fish inlet depth is fixed, it is difficult to the shortcomings that taking into account surface layer and demersal fishes；
(6) fish were quickly transported dam using vehicle by the present invention, avoid fish generated by long range fish pass it is tired
Labor and time delay effect；
(7) present invention is transported fish to the suitable river Duan Fangliu in reservoir area using ship, can release place with flexible choice, full
Sufficient fish habitat and oviposition need, improve fish suitability degree, and avoid fish crossed behind dam by fish pass can only reach dam before it is quiet
Pool is easily got lost, or is released for a long time in fixed quay by vehicle, the risk easily caught by resident.
Combined type of the present invention crosses the fish gathering mode that fish mode uses tail water fish-collecting box to combine with fish gathering station, wherein tail water fish gathering
Case mainly collect be gathered in tailrace tunnel (draft tube) nearby become properties of flow and gram stronger fish of stream ability, fish gathering station it is then main
Collection is gathered in tailwater channel side, and gram relatively weak fish of stream ability, two kinds of collection facilitiess for fish's passage complement each other, complement each other, energy
Cover tailrace tunnel (draft tube) mouth simultaneously, the difference waters such as tailwater channel side, while adapting to difference and becoming properties of flow and gram stream ability
Fish, being capable of significant increase fish gathering efficiency.
The present invention is suitable for all kinds of high dam hydraulic and hydroelectric engineerings, crosses fish method, high efficiency that can be completely new using the present invention
Acquisition, transport and release fish；In fish pass structure engineering, dam was carried out to fish using the present invention, fish effect can be improved
Rate, preferably protection fish.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is enlarged drawing at the A of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is enlarged drawing at the A of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of fish lift of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is fish lift fish-collecting box schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is tail water fish-collecting box schematic perspective view one of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is tail water fish-collecting box schematic perspective view two of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the work structure diagram that fish-carrying tank of the present invention passes through that connecting pipe is connected to tail water fish-collecting box.
Fig. 9 is the work structure diagram that fish-carrying tank of the present invention passes through that connecting pipe is connected to fish lift fish-collecting box.
1- collection facilities for fish's passage in figure, 1.1- fish lift, 1.11- guide-wall, 1.12- collection fishpond, the anti-escape loudspeaker of 1.121- first
Mouthful, the first fish inlet of 1.122-, 1.13- fish lift fish-collecting box, 1.131- the first water baffle, the permeable grid of 1.132- first,
The first lifting lug of 1.133-, 1.14- barricade, 1.2- tail water fish-collecting box, 1.21- frame, 1.211- fish gathering frame, 1.2111-
Fish gathering part frame, 1.2112- water part frame, 1.2113- cross water section frame, 1.212- guiding device, 1.22- lattice
Grid, the second fish inlet of 1.23-, the anti-escape horn mouth of 1.24- second, 1.25- the second water baffle, 1.26- block water plate structure, 2- are mentioned
Rise facility, 2.1- fish lift hoisting mechanism, 2.11- bent columns, the first crane of 2.12-, the first suspension hook of 2.13-, 2.2- tail water
Fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism, the second crane of 2.21-, the second hawser of 2.22-, 3- transported dam system, 3.1- fish transportation vehicle, 3.11-
Connecting pipe, 3.2- fish-carrying tank, 4- harbour movement system, 4.1- harbour, 5- transport release system, and 5.1- transports releasing ship, 6-
Tail water overhauling aperture of door, 7- tail water overhauling door gate slot, 8- tail water tower, 9- stilling pond, 10- fish collection system, 11- dam power station, 12- are big
Dam, 13- Guo Ba highway, 14- draft tube deck, 15- tailrace tunnel/draft tube, 16- tailwater channel.
Specific embodiment
The performance that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they and do not constitute a limitation of the invention, only
It is for example.Keep advantages of the present invention more clear by explanation simultaneously and is readily appreciated that.
Refering to known to attached drawing: the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam, including fish collection system 10, transported dam system 3, harbour transhipment system
System 4 and transport release system 5；The fish collection system 10 is located at the tail water area in dam power station 11, and the fish collection system 10 includes collection
Facilities for fish's passage 1 and promotion facility 2；Fish lift 1.1 and tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 of the collection facilities for fish's passage 1 including the use of tail water fish gathering, institute
Fish lift 1.1 is stated in the draft tube deck 14 and tailwater channel 16 in 12 downstream of dam；The tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 is arranged in tail water
At platform 14 and 15 mouthfuls of tailrace tunnel/draft tube；The promotion facility 2 is arranged on draft tube deck 14, and with the collection facilities for fish's passage 1
It is connected；The dam system 3 of transporting is detachably connected with the promotion facility 2, and the harbour movement system 4 inputs the fortune
Defeated to cross dam system 3, the transport releases system 5 and inputs the harbour movement system 4 (as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 8, Fig. 9), using tail
The fish gathering mode that water fish-collecting box is combined with fish gathering station, wherein tail water fish-collecting box, which is mainly collected, is gathered in tailrace tunnel (pipe) becoming nearby
Properties of flow and gram stream stronger fish of ability, fish lift are then mainly collected and are gathered in tailwater channel side, and gram stream ability is relatively weak
Fish, two kinds of collection facilitiess for fish's passage complement each other, complement each other, and can cover tailrace tunnel (draft tube) mouth, tailwater channel side etc. simultaneously
Different waters, at the same adapt to it is different become properties of flow and gram stream ability fish, being capable of significant increase fish gathering efficiency.
The fish lift 1.1 includes guide-wall 1.11, collection fishpond 1.12 and fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13, the promotion facility
2 are at least one of tail water door machine or loop wheel machine or truck crane or pinion and-rack and/or decentralization guide rail；The promotion facility 2
Including fish lift hoisting mechanism 2.1 and tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism 2.2 (as shown in Figure 2)；The setting of guide-wall 1.11 exists
On the bottom plate of 15 bottom plate of draft tube/tailrace tunnel and stilling pond 9 and/or tailwater channel 16, collection fishpond 1.12 setting draft tube/
In 15 downstream side of tailrace tunnel or stilling pond 9, the fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 is connect with the fish lift hoisting mechanism 2.1, institute
It states fish lift hoisting mechanism 2.1 to be arranged on the draft tube deck 14 and the collection fishpond 1.12, the collection fishpond 1.12 is in perpendicular
It is well type structured (as shown in Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4), the importing of part or all of tail water is set to tailrace tunnel (tail water using guide-wall
Pipe) in outer collection fishpond, water flow flows through collection fishpond from water inlet and flows out to form attracting water flow from fish inlet, and fish is attracted to enter tool
There is the fish inlet of anti-escape bell-mouth structure of air and constantly assemble, then the fish lift fish-collecting box by being set to fish gathering bottom of pond portion is by fish
It is promoted and is collected, to transport dam.
The fish lift hoisting mechanism 2.1 includes bent columns 2.11, the first crane 2.12 and the first suspension hook 2.13, described
Bent columns 2.11 are set to 1.12 upper end of collection fishpond, and first crane 2.12 is set to 2.11 upper end of bent columns, institute
The first suspension hook 2.13 is stated to be movably connected on first crane 2.12；The tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism 2.2 is set to institute
It states on draft tube deck 14, the tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism 2.2 includes the second crane 2.21 and the second hawser 2.22, described
Second crane 2.21 is set to 7 top of tail water overhauling door gate slot；The tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 passes through second hawser
2.22 are connected on second crane 2.21；The tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 is set in tail water tower 8 or draft tube deck 14；
The tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 has one or more (as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 8, Fig. 9) can root when tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 has one
Need to adjust work water layer according to fish gathering；It can be needed to control different operation elevations according to fish gathering；When using multiple tail water fish gatherings
When case, multiple tail water fish-collecting boxs can be stacked, to meet the requirement of different water levels fish.
There is the first anti-escape horn mouth 1.121 to be set to the water outlet in the collection fishpond 1.12；The first anti-escape horn mouth
1.121 there is one or more；There is the first fish inlet 1.122 to be set to the described first anti-escape 1.121 end of horn mouth and is located at described
Collect in fishpond 1.12；When the described first anti-escape cage 1.121 has one, convenient for attracting fish to enter fish lift by tail water water flow
Fish-collecting box；When the described first anti-escape cage 1.121 has multiple, multiple first anti-escape cages 1.121 are in be set side by side and/or fold
It sets, the fish for being located at different water levels is collected convenient for fish lift fish-collecting box, and be convenient under different power station generating operation modes, it is multiple into fish
Mouthful the different attracting flow velocity of height is formed, meets and like fish different in flow rate, fish can be with the fish inlet of its hobby of unrestricted choice
Enter, therefore is suitble to condition range wide；Enter fish lift fish-collecting box convenient for fish and prevents fish from escaping (as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3)；
First anti-escape bell-mouthed effect is the one-way trip structure to form fish and easily go out into hardly possible, so that fish is passed through from outside anti-escape
Horn mouth enter collection fishpond, while be not easy from collection fishpond in escape to collection fishpond outside, convenient for fish enter fish lift fish-collecting box,
And prevent fish from swimming out of from water inlet；
There is the second anti-escape horn mouth 1.24 to be set on the tail water fish-collecting box 1.2, there is the second fish inlet 1.23 to be set to described
Second anti-escape 1.24 end of horn mouth and be located at the tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 in, the second anti-escape horn mouth 1.24 is towards institute
State the outside of draft tube/tailrace tunnel 15 (as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 6, Fig. 7)；Convenient for attracting fish to enter tail water collection by tail water water flow
Fish box；Second anti-escape bell-mouthed one end be set to fish gathering part frame crossbeam and/or longitudinal beam on, the other end to collection fish portion
Lower portion extends to form the diminishing anti-escape mouth structure in cross section, the second anti-escape bell-mouthed effect be to be formed fish easily into
The one-way trip structure that hardly possible goes out, enables fish to enter fish-collecting box by anti-escape horn mouth from outside, while being not easy from fish gathering
In case outside escape to fish-collecting box；
The first anti-escape horn mouth 1.121 and the second anti-escape horn mouth 1.24 are permeable cell structure, anti-escape
It is bell-mouthed effect be to be formed fish easily into hardly possible go out one-way trip structure, enable fish from outside by anti-escape horn mouth into
Enter fish-collecting box, while being not easy out of fish-collecting box outside escape to fish-collecting box, and do not influence overcurrent.
There is barricade 1.14 to be set to the water inlet in the collection fishpond 1.12 and is located at the draft tube/tailrace tunnel 15
Between side wall and the guide-wall 1.11, or (such as Fig. 4 institute between 16 side wall of tailwater channel and the guide-wall 1.11
Show), prevent fish from swimming out of from water inlet；The fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 includes the first water baffle 1.131 positioned at lower end
With the first permeable grid 1.132 for being set to 1.131 upper end of the first water baffle, the first water baffle 1.131 has muti-piece, more
First water baffle 1.131 described in block surrounds the rectangular water structure (as shown in Figure 5) of upper end opening, passes through rectangular water structure
The water body for storing certain depth, being able to maintain in cabinet after fish lift fish-collecting box rises from the water surface has the water for meeting the needs of fish
It is deep；There is the first lifting lug 1.133 to be set on the fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13, the fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 passes through described first
Lifting lug 1.133 is connected on the fish lift hoisting mechanism 2.1, convenient for connection and promotes operation.
The barricade 1.14, which is at least, blocks one of fish electrode and grid；First crane 2.12 is at least
One of gantry crane, bridge crane, arm derrick crane, cable crane and autocrane；Described liter of fish
Machine fish-collecting box 1.13 is connected on first suspension hook 2.13 by first lifting lug 1.133；The fish lift fish-collecting box
It is slidably connected and positions by track or sliding block between 1.13 and the collection fishpond 1.12, or the tooth-like connection for passing through rack-and-pinion
And it positions；It is slidably connected and positions by track or sliding block between the fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 and the bent columns 2.11,
Or tooth-like connection and positioning (as shown in Figure 1) by rack-and-pinion, fish lift fish-collecting box is promoted or transferred convenient for stablizing.
The tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 includes frame 1.21 and the grid 1.22 on the frame 1.21；Frame 1.21
Including fish gathering frame 1.211 and guiding device 1.212, the guiding device 1.212 is respectively arranged on 1.211 liang of the fish gathering frame
Side；The fish gathering frame 1.211 includes fish gathering part frame 1.2111 and water part frame 1.2112, the water frame segment
Frame 1.2112 is set to 1.2111 lower end of fish gathering part frame (as shown in fig. 6, Fig. 6 is two spaced collection fish portions
Water section frame was equipped between frame；Fig. 7 is lateral direction penetrating fish gathering box structure) effect of frame of tail water fish-collecting box is mainly
The fastness for maintaining tail water fish gathering box structure makes tail water fish-collecting box be able to maintain secured and stablize under the impact of water flow；
The second anti-escape horn mouth 1.24 has one or more, and second fish inlet 1.23 has one or more；Have
Second lifting lug 1.213 is set to 1.21 upper end of frame or side or bottom；Second lifting lug 1.213 has multiple；The tail
Water fish-collecting box 1.2 is connected on the tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism 2.2 by second lifting lug 1.213, convenient for connection and
Promote operation；The water part frame 1.2112 is equipped with the second water baffle 1.25；The water part frame 1.2112
The rectangular water structure (as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7) of upper end opening is surrounded with the second water baffle 1.25；The collection fish portion
Frame is connected with the rectangular water structure for crossing water section frame, and the water of certain depth is stored by rectangular water structure
Body, being able to maintain in cabinet after tail water fish-collecting box rises from the water surface has the depth of water for meeting the needs of fish.
There is block water plate structure 1.26 to be set in the frame 1.21 and is located at the 1.21 water inlet side of frame, water fender
The form and dimension of structure 1.26 is set according to actual needs, and the block water plate structure 1.26 has one or more, the water blocking
The effect of hardened structure 1.26 is can to stop water flow, forms unhurried current region within a certain area, meets the rest needs of fish, keep away
Exempting from fish, swimming generates fatigue for a long time；The guiding device 1.212 is at least sliding block, rail limiting device, in rack-and-pinion
It is one or more, convenient for stablize promoted or decentralization tail water fish-collecting box；The fish gathering frame 1.211 further included water section frame
1.2113, the water section frame 1.2113 of crossing is set between the spaced two fish gathering frames 1.211, or is set to institute
It states in fish gathering frame 1.211 and/or is located between spaced two second fish inlets 1.23 (as shown in Figure 6), just
In crossing water, reduce the resistance to tail water.
Dam system 3 was transported to include fish transportation vehicle 3.1, the fish-carrying tank 3.2 on the fish transportation vehicle 3.1 and be located at the fortune
Life-support system in fish box 3.2, fish transportation vehicle 3.2 and the fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 for being promoted to draft tube deck 14 pass through connecting pipe
3.11 are detachably connected and/or removable by connecting pipe 3.11 with the tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 of draft tube deck 14 is promoted to
Unload connection；Life-support system, including oxygenation facility etc., it is ensured that the health survival of the class loaded in fish-carrying tank；Harbour transhipment system
System 4 includes harbour 4.1 and boom hoisting etc., and fish transportation vehicle can travel to harbour, and the fish-carrying tank on fish transportation vehicle can be hung by transporting loop wheel machine
Dress transfer；Boom hoisting is at least in derrick crane, gantry crane, autocrane or setting crane aboard ship
One kind, and not only limit and this；Transport releases system 5 and includes at least transport releasing ship 5.1 (as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 8, Fig. 9), transports fish
Fish-collecting box on vehicle can be lifted by the transhipment loop wheel machine on harbour to the transport releasing ship for being docked in harbour, and transport releasing ship can
It loads fish and travels to the suitable waters in reservoir area and release.
The transport dam system, harbour movement system, to release system be the prior art for transport.
The density situation of the grid is long according to the body of fish gathering target, and body is wide, and the characteristic parameters such as body height determine.The tail water
The frame of fish-collecting box 1.2 and fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 is steelframe.
Refering to known to attached drawing: the comprehensive fish pass structure of the high dam crosses fish method, includes the following steps:
Step 1: attracting
Since power generation tail water flow is big, range is wide, can utmostly improve attracting efficiency, therefore this collection using power generation tail water
Fish system mainly utilizes fish lift hoisting mechanism 2.1 after determining the tailrace tunnel/draft tube 15 for carrying out fish gathering using power generation tail water
Fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 is placed on the elevation that sets in collection fishpond 1.12, under generating operation mode, opens and is located at fish gathering pond 1.12
The water outlet of the barricade 1.14 of upstream end, collection fishpond 1.12 places the first anti-escape horn mouth 1.121；And/or utilize tail
Tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 is placed in tailrace tunnel/draft tube 15 by the second hawser 2.22 and is set by water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism 2.2
Elevation；(tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 can be promoted from about 7 tail water overhauling door gate slot, pass through tail water overhauling aperture of door 6) is (such as Fig. 2 institute
Show)；Tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 can be stacked when necessary；Open necessary auxiliary measure for fish crossing, as in tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 and
The fish-luring light being arranged in right bank tail water fish lift collection fishpond, while when necessary, attracting bait is launched in the collection fishpond of fish gathering station, is increased
Add attracting success rate；
Step 2: fish gathering
When power station power generation, power generation tail water is flowed into from the water inlet in collection fishpond 1.12, is flowed out from water outlet, forms fish luring water
Stream, when the fish in 12 downstream of dam trace back migration along tail water area side, along 1.122 lower section of the first fish inlet in collection fishpond 1.12
It traces back, is collected the water flow let out under the first fish inlet 1.122 that fishpond 1.12 is arranged and attracted, and then pass through the first anti-escape horn mouth
1.121 enter fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 into after collecting fishpond 1.12 from the first fish inlet 1.122；
And/or after fish are drawn into 15 mouthfuls of draft tube/tailrace tunnel nearby by power generation tail water, along draft tube/tailrace tunnel
15 mouthfuls of edges wait for an opportunity to trace back, and since the inside of tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 has different flow velocity subregions, enable fish along water outlet
Mouth enters tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 after entering the second fish inlet 1.23 by the second anti-escape horn mouth 1.24；
Fish can rest on fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 after entering fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 and/or tail water fish-collecting box 1.2
And/or (as shown in Figure 2) is rested in the rest area in tail water fish-collecting box 1.2；
Step 3: it is promoted and is loaded
When the fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 for the fish lift 1.1 for being located at right bank by underwater camera discovery is collected into a fixed number
After the fish of amount, the fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 of collection 1.12 bottom of fishpond will be placed on along collection by fish lift hoisting mechanism 2.1
Fishpond 1.12 and bent columns 2.11 are promoted to draft tube deck 14；
And/or when 1.2 operation of tail water fish-collecting box after a certain period of time, or by underwater camera finds a certain number of fish
Into after tail water fish-collecting box 1.2, using tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism 2.2 by tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 along tail water overhauling door gate slot 7
It is promoted to draft tube deck 14；
After tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 and/or fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 are promoted to draft tube deck 14, fish transportation vehicle 3.1 is travelled
To draft tube deck 14, fish-carrying tank 3.2 passes through connecting pipe 3.11 and 1.13 phase of tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 and/or fish lift fish-collecting box
Fish in tail water fish-collecting box 1.2 and/or fish lift fish-collecting box 1.13 are transferred to (such as Fig. 8, Fig. 9 in fish-carrying tank 3.2 by connection
It is shown)；
Step 4: dam was transported
After the fish of collection load, the life-support system in fish-carrying tank 3.2 is opened, is guaranteed strong in fish transport process
Health, fish were transported dam by Guo Ba highway 13 by fish transportation vehicle 3.1, and were sent to harbour movement system 4；
Step 5: harbour transhipment
Fish transportation vehicle 3.1 transports fish-carrying tank 3.2 to the staithe of harbour movement system 4 4.1, plays lifting by harbour
It sets on the fortune fish releasing ship 5.1 that the lifting of fish-carrying tank 3.2 is released system 5 to transport；
Step 7: transport releases
After fish-carrying tank 3.2 is reprinted to fortune fish releasing ship 5.1, fish are transported to place is released, really along pre-determined route
After recognizing waters safety, by fish-releasing into river；After completion releases, fortune fish releasing ship 5.1 returns to staithe 4.1 (such as
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 8, Fig. 9), completion is entire to cross fish process.
In order to more clearly illustrate the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam of the present invention and its cross fish method with it is existing
It technology high dam fish pass structure and its crosses fish method and compares possessed advantage, staff has carried out both technical solutions pair
Than comparing result is as follows:
As seen from the above table, high dam of the present invention, which integrates fish pass structure and its crosses fish method, crosses fish with prior art high dam
Facility and its fish method excessively are compared, and fish efficiency excessively is higher, and cost is relatively low, time-consuming shorter, working depth can be adjusted, to different water levels
Fish be collected, attracting amount is larger, does not need additional moisturizing, and safety is higher.
Other unaccounted parts belong to the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. high dam integrates fish pass structure, it is characterised in that: including fish collection system (10), transported dam system (3), harbour transhipment system
System (4) and transport release system (5)；The fish collection system (10) is located at the tail water area in dam power station (11), the fish collection system
It (10) include collection facilities for fish's passage (1) and promotion facility (2)；
Fish lift (1.1) and tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) of collection facilities for fish's passage (1) including the use of tail water fish gathering, the fish lift
(1.1) in the draft tube deck (14) and tailwater channel (16) in dam (12) downstream；The tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) is arranged in tail
At horizontal platform (14) and tailrace tunnel/draft tube (15) mouth；
The promotion facility (2) is arranged on draft tube deck (14), and is connected with the collection facilities for fish's passage (1), described to transport
Dam system (3) is detachably connected with the promotion facility (2), and harbour movement system (4) input is described to transport dam system
(3), the transport releases system (5) and inputs the harbour movement system (4).
2. the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fish lift (1.1) includes water guide
Wall (1.11), collection fishpond (1.12) and fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13), the promotion facility (2) are at least tail water door machine or loop wheel machine
Or one of truck crane or pinion and-rack and/or decentralization guide rail；The promotion facility (2) includes fish lift hoisting mechanism
(2.1) and tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism (2.2)；The guide-wall (1.11) setting in draft tube/tailrace tunnel (15) bottom plate and
On the bottom plate of stilling pond (9) and/or tailwater channel (16), collection fishpond (1.12) is arranged in draft tube/tailrace tunnel (15) downstream
In side or stilling pond (9), the fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13) connect with the fish lift hoisting mechanism (2.1), described liter of fish
Machine hoisting mechanism (2.1) is arranged on the draft tube deck (14) and the collection fishpond (1.12), and the collection fishpond (1.12) is in
Vertical shaft type structure.
3. the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the fish lift hoisting mechanism (2.1)
Including bent columns (2.11), the first crane (2.12) and the first suspension hook (2.13), the bent columns (2.11) are set to the collection
Fishpond (1.12) upper end, first crane (2.12) are set to the bent columns (2.11) upper end, first suspension hook
(2.13) it is movably connected on first crane (2.12)；The tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism (2.2) is set to the tail
On horizontal platform (14), the tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism (2.2) includes the second crane (2.21) and the second hawser (2.22),
Second crane (2.21) is set to tail water overhauling door gate slot (7) top；The tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) passes through described
Second hawser (2.22) is connected on second crane (2.21)；The tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) is set to tail water tower (8)
Or in draft tube deck (14)；The tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) has one or more.
4. the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: there is the first anti-escape horn mouth (1.121)
Set on the water outlet of collection fishpond (1.12)；The first anti-escape horn mouth (1.121) has multiple, and multiple described first is anti-
Escaping horn mouth (1.121) is in be set side by side and/or be stacked；There are the first fish inlet (1.122) to be set to the described first anti-escape horn mouth
(1.121) end and to be located at the collection fishpond (1.12) interior；
There is the second anti-escape horn mouth (1.24) to be set on the tail water fish-collecting box (1.2), there are the second fish inlet (1.23) to be set to institute
It states the second anti-escape horn mouth (1.24) end and is located in the tail water fish-collecting box (1.2), the second fish inlet (1.23) face
To the outside of the draft tube/tailrace tunnel (15)；
The first anti-escape horn mouth (1.121) and the second anti-escape horn mouth (1.24) are permeable cell structure.
5. the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: there are barricade (1.14) to be set to described
Collect fishpond (1.12) water inlet and between draft tube/tailrace tunnel (15) side wall and the guide-wall (1.11),
Or between the tailwater channel (16) side wall and the guide-wall (1.11)；The fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13) includes being located at
First water baffle (1.131) of lower end and the first permeable grid (1.132) for being set to first water baffle (1.131) upper end,
The first water baffle (1.131) has muti-piece, and the first water baffle (1.131) described in muti-piece surrounds the rectangular knot of upper end opening
Structure；There are the first lifting lug (1.133) to be set on the fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13), the fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13) passes through institute
The first lifting lug (1.133) is stated to be connected on the fish lift hoisting mechanism (2.1).
6. the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the barricade (1.14) is at least
Block one of fish electrode and grid；First crane (2.12) is at least gantry crane, bridge crane, boom type
One of crane, cable crane and autocrane；The fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13) is hung by described first
Ear (1.133) is connected on first suspension hook (2.13)；The fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13) and the collection fishpond (1.12)
Between be slidably connected and position by track or sliding block, or the tooth-like connection and positioning that pass through rack-and-pinion；The fish lift collection
It is slidably connected and positions by track or sliding block between fish box (1.13) and the bent columns (2.11), or pass through rack-and-pinion
Tooth-like connection and positioning.
7. the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) includes
Frame (1.21) and the grid (1.22) being set on the frame (1.21)；Frame (1.21) include fish gathering frame (1.211) and
Guiding device (1.212), the guiding device (1.212) are respectively arranged on fish gathering frame (1.211) two sides；The fish gathering frame
Frame (1.211) includes fish gathering part frame (1.2111) and water part frame (1.2112), the water part frame
(1.2112) it is set to fish gathering part frame (1.2111) lower end；
The second anti-escape horn mouth (1.24) has one or more, and second fish inlet (1.23) has one or more；Have
Second lifting lug (1.213) is set on the frame (1.21)；Second lifting lug (1.213) has multiple；The tail water fish-collecting box
(1.2) it is connected on the tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism (2.2) by second lifting lug (1.213)；The water part
Frame (1.2112) is equipped with the second water baffle (1.25)；The water part frame (1.2112) and second water are kept off
Plate (1.25) surrounds the rectangular water structure of upper end opening.
8. the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: there is block water plate structure (1.26) to be set to institute
It states in frame (1.21) and is located at the frame (1.21) water inlet side, the block water plate structure (1.26) has one or more,
The block water plate structure (1.26) is in horizontal and/or longitudinal；The guiding device (1.212) is at least sliding block, railway limit dress
It sets, one of rack-and-pinion or a variety of；The fish gathering frame (1.211) further included water section frame (1.2113), described
Water section frame (1.2113) are crossed between the spaced two fish gathering frames (1.211), or are set to the fish gathering
In frame (1.211) and/or it is located between spaced two second fish inlets (1.23).
9. the comprehensive fish pass structure of high dam according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: transporting dam system (3) includes fortune fish
Vehicle (3.1), fish-carrying tank (3.2) and the life-support system being located in the fish-carrying tank (3.2), fish transportation vehicle (3.2) and are promoted to tail water
The fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13) of platform (14) be detachably connected and/or with the tail water fish gathering that is promoted to draft tube deck (14)
Case (1.2) is detachably connected；Harbour movement system (4) includes harbour (4.1) and boom hoisting；Boom hoisting is at least tower
One of heavy-duty machine, gantry crane, the crane of autocrane or setting aboard ship；Transport releases system (5) and at least wraps
Include transport releasing ship (5.1).
10. high dam described in any claim comprehensive fish pass structure crosses fish method in -9 according to claim 1, feature exists
In: include the following steps:
Step 1: attracting
After determining the tailrace tunnel/draft tube (15) for carrying out fish gathering, pass through the second hawser using tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism (2.2)
(2.22) tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) is placed on the elevation/set in tailrace tunnel/draft tube (15) or utilizes fish lift elevator
Fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13) is placed on the elevation set in collection fishpond (1.12) by structure (2.1)；
Step 2: fish gathering
When the fish in dam (12) downstream trace back migration along tail water area side, along the first fish inlet of collection fishpond (1.12)
(1.122) lower section is traced back, and the water flow let out under the first fish inlet (1.122) attracts, so by the first anti-escape cage (1.121) from
First fish inlet (1.122) enters collection fishpond (1.12) and enters fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13) afterwards；
And/or after fish are drawn into draft tube/tailrace tunnel (15) mouth nearby by power generation tail water, along draft tube/tailrace tunnel
(15) mouth edge waits for an opportunity to trace back, and will form the flow field traced back conducive to fish after tail water fish-collecting box (1.2), and fish enter along water outlet
Enter tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) after second fish inlet 1.23；
Step 3: it is promoted and is loaded
After the fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13) for being located at right bank by underwater camera discovery is collected into a certain number of fish, lead to
The fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13) of collection fishpond (1.12) bottom will be placed on along collection fishpond by crossing fish lift hoisting mechanism (2.1)
(1.12) and bent columns (2.11) are promoted to draft tube deck (14)；
And/or when tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) operation after a certain period of time, or by underwater camera find a certain number of fish into
After entering tail water fish-collecting box (1.2), using tail water fish-collecting box hoisting mechanism (2.2) by tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) along tail water overhauling door
Gate slot (7) is promoted to draft tube deck (14)；
After tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) and/or fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13) are promoted to draft tube deck (14), fish transportation vehicle (3.1)
Traveling to draft tube deck (14), fish-carrying tank (3.2) passes through connecting pipe (3.11) and tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) and/or fish lift
Fish-collecting box (1.13) is connected, and the fish in tail water fish-collecting box (1.2) and/or fish lift fish-collecting box (1.13) are transferred to fortune fish
In case (3.2)；
Step 4: dam was transported
After the fish of collection load, the life-support system in fish-carrying tank (3.2) is opened, is guaranteed strong in fish transport process
Health, fish were transported dam by Guo Ba highway (13) by fish transportation vehicle (3.1), and were sent to harbour movement system (4)；
Step 5: harbour transhipment
Fish transportation vehicle (3.1) transports fish-carrying tank (3.2) to after staithe (4.1), by harbour boom hoisting by fish-carrying tank
(3.2) in lifting to fortune fish releasing ship (5.1)；
Step 7: transport releases
After fish-carrying tank (3.2) are reprinted to fortune fish releasing ship (5.1), fish are transported to place is released, really along pre-determined route
After recognizing waters safety, by fish-releasing into river；After completion releases, fortune fish releasing ship (5.1) returns to staithe
(4.1), completion is entire crosses fish process.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910133668.6A CN109736254B (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | High dam comprehensive fish passing facility and fish passing method thereof |
| CN202210216291.2A CN114561918B (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | Fish passing method of high dam comprehensive fish passing facility |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910133668.6A CN109736254B (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | High dam comprehensive fish passing facility and fish passing method thereof |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210216291.2A Division CN114561918B (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | Fish passing method of high dam comprehensive fish passing facility |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109736254A true CN109736254A (en) | 2019-05-10 |
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| CN110106823A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-08-09 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Fish-aggregating device and its attracting fish method suitable for built power station |
| CN111236181A (en) * | 2020-01-11 | 2020-06-05 | 毛熹 | Remove mechanized tubular fishway device |
| CN112796285A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-05-14 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Escape-proof device suitable for dam fish collecting and transporting system |
| CN112796286A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-05-14 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Fish collecting device suitable for dam fish collecting and transporting system |
| CN113026687A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-06-25 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Fish collecting and transporting system suitable for dam and fish collecting and transporting method thereof |
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| CN113273534A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-08-20 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Transport and categorised system of raising temporarily suitable for dam collection fortune fish |
| CN113693036A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-26 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Novel fish gathering station structure |
| WO2023213180A1 (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2023-11-09 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Fish passing system having a tourism viewing function and fish passing method |
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| CN110106823A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-08-09 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Fish-aggregating device and its attracting fish method suitable for built power station |
| CN110106823B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2023-12-01 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Fish collecting device and method suitable for built hydropower station |
| CN111236181A (en) * | 2020-01-11 | 2020-06-05 | 毛熹 | Remove mechanized tubular fishway device |
| CN111236181B (en) * | 2020-01-11 | 2021-11-30 | 毛熹 | Remove mechanized tubular fishway device |
| CN112796285A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-05-14 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Escape-proof device suitable for dam fish collecting and transporting system |
| CN112796286A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-05-14 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Fish collecting device suitable for dam fish collecting and transporting system |
| CN113026687A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-06-25 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Fish collecting and transporting system suitable for dam and fish collecting and transporting method thereof |
| CN113273534A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-08-20 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Transport and categorised system of raising temporarily suitable for dam collection fortune fish |
| CN113026687B (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-09-20 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Fish collecting and transporting system suitable for dam and fish collecting and transporting method thereof |
| CN113089595A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-09 | 华北水利水电大学 | Escalator type fishway |
| CN113693036A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-26 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Novel fish gathering station structure |
| WO2023213180A1 (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2023-11-09 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Fish passing system having a tourism viewing function and fish passing method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109736254B (en) | 2023-10-24 |
| CN114561918B (en) | 2023-04-18 |
| CN114561918A (en) | 2022-05-31 |
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