CN111236181B - Remove mechanized tubular fishway device - Google Patents
Remove mechanized tubular fishway device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111236181B CN111236181B CN202010028760.9A CN202010028760A CN111236181B CN 111236181 B CN111236181 B CN 111236181B CN 202010028760 A CN202010028760 A CN 202010028760A CN 111236181 B CN111236181 B CN 111236181B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
- E02B8/085—Devices allowing fish migration, e.g. fish traps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical tubular fishway removing device which comprises a water storage mechanism, a fish collecting mechanism and a conveying mechanism, wherein the water storage mechanism is used for providing stable water flow for conveying fish, the fish collecting mechanism is used for collecting fish in a downstream reservoir, and the conveying mechanism is used for lifting and conveying the fish in the fish collecting mechanism to an upstream reservoir; the water storage mechanism comprises a water storage tank with a stable water level and a first water supply pipe communicated with the water storage tank; the fish collecting mechanism comprises a fish collecting box for collecting the downstream reservoir fish, a second conveying pipe communicated with the fish collecting box, a fish collecting pipe communicated with the first water supply pipe through a two-way valve and a fish luring facility; the conveying mechanism comprises a first conveying pipe communicated with the second conveying pipe and the fish collecting pipe through a three-way valve, a water outlet of the first conveying pipe corresponds to the upstream reservoir, and the elevation of the water outlet is greater than the water level in the water storage tank. The invention utilizes the inertia of water to operate the system, then transports the fish to an upstream reservoir, takes away fish shoal at one time, greatly saves water consumption and improves the water utilization efficiency of fish.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, designs a fish passing facility in the hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a mechanical tubular fishway removing device.
Background
In the construction of building water conservancy and hydropower engineering, a complete river ecosystem is often divided, and a backtracking channel for backtracking fishes is blocked, so that fish genes under a dam and on the dam cannot be normally communicated, the species vitality can be reduced, the fish distribution and habitat environment can be changed, and the factors change to cause deterioration of the ecological environment of a river basin and a fragmentation effect of the river ecosystem. The fish passing facility is used as a fish protection measure for relieving the barrier effect of the dam for more than 300 years internationally, and can play a role in recovering a fish backtracking channel and communicating upstream and downstream fishes.
The existing fish passing facilities comprise a fishway, a fish elevator and a mechanical fish pumping device. The fishway is an artificial water tank for fishes to migrate through a sluice or a dam, the building of the fishway is limited by the terrain, and the on-way flow rate can be controlled below the flow restriction capacity of the fishes generally only by a long length, so that the fishway can be as long as several kilometers, and the dam is generally built in a high-mountain canyon area, the difficulty in arranging the fishway in a long distance is great, and the investment is huge. The fish passing through long-distance fishways is very physically demanding, may cause inefficiencies in passing and delay spawning.
The fish lifting machine is also called a fish lifting machine, has a design principle similar to that of an elevator, and consists of three main parts, namely a fish inlet groove, a vertical shaft and a fish outlet groove. The fish elevator is generally arranged at a certain position on the bank or in a dam, water is introduced from a dam or pumped by a pump station to replenish water and lure fish, and as the water replenishing flow is generally lower than the flow of the tail water of power generation, most of fishes are still attracted by the tail water of power generation, trace up along the main flow of the tail water and are gathered and retained near the tail water pipe (hole), so that the efficiency of fish gathering at the inlet of a fish passing facility is low, the manufacturing cost and the operating cost of the fish elevator are high, and more managers are needed.
Mechanized fish pumping device is different according to theory of operation, generally divide into three: impeller type fish passing systems, pressure/vacuum (P/V) type fish passing systems, and jet type fish passing systems. Among them, the impeller type fish passing system employs high-speed rotating blades, which have a high conveying rate, but the blades may directly impact the fish body, resulting in a high mortality rate. The P/V fish passing system can reduce fish mortality, but its intake and exhaust discontinuous operation does not take full advantage of the input power. The jet flow type fish passing system has the characteristics of non-rotating parts and continuous operation, the comprehensive performance of the jet flow type fish passing system is superior to that of the two types, but the characteristics of rapid pressure change, large shear flow and the like of the jet flow type fish passing system directly influence fish passing, can cause fatal damage to the fish, and in addition, a large amount of bubbles and air pockets also have high possibility of causing fish bubble diseases.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the fish passing facilities in the prior art are limited by terrain, high in operation cost, directly hurt the fish body, low in fish passing efficiency and the like, the invention aims to provide the mechanical tubular fishway removing device which is small in occupied area, low in operation cost, free of damage to the fish body and high in fish passing efficiency.
The invention provides a mechanical tubular fishway device which comprises a water storage mechanism, a fish collecting mechanism and a conveying mechanism, wherein the water storage mechanism is used for providing stable water flow for conveying fish, the fish collecting mechanism is used for collecting fish in a downstream reservoir, and the conveying mechanism is used for lifting and conveying the fish in the fish collecting mechanism to an upstream reservoir;
the water storage mechanism comprises a water storage tank with a stable water level and a first water supply pipe communicated with the water storage tank;
the fish collecting mechanism comprises a fish collecting box for collecting the fish in the downstream reservoir, a second conveying pipe communicated with the fish collecting box and a fish collecting pipe communicated with the first water supply pipe through a two-way valve, wherein a fish luring facility for luring the fish in the fish collecting box into the fish collecting pipe through the second conveying pipe is arranged at the fish collecting pipe;
the transportation mechanism comprises a first transportation pipe communicated with a second transportation pipe and a fish collecting pipe through a three-way valve, wherein the water outlet of the first transportation pipe corresponds to the upstream reservoir, and the elevation of the water outlet is greater than the water level in the water storage tank.
In the mechanical tubular fishway removing device, the water storage mechanism further comprises a water replenishing pipe for providing stable water flow to the water storage tank, and an overflow groove for keeping the water level stable is formed in the side part of the water storage tank. In the process of transporting the fish, the elevation of the water outlet of the first transporting pipe is always kept stably higher than the water level in the water storage tank through the water supplementing pipe and the overflow groove.
According to the mechanical tubular fishway removing device, the ratio of the diameter D of the first water supply pipe to the diameter D of the first conveying pipe is 1.2-2, so that the system can be operated purely by the gravitational potential energy of water without additional energy input to finish fish conveying, and the mechanical tubular fishway removing device displays the optimal fish conveying effect under the ratio.
Above-mentioned remove mechanized tubular fishway device, the fish gathering pipe includes the second feed pipe of integration, is used for improving the gradual change return bend and the connecting pipe of the velocity of flow of rivers, the connecting pipe adopts transparent material preparation to form, the facility of luring fish sets up in connecting pipe department. The diameter of the second water supply pipe and the diameter of the inlet end of the gradual change bent pipe are equal to the diameter D of the first water supply pipe; the diameter of the outlet end of the gradual change bent pipe and the diameter of the connecting pipe are equal to the diameter d of the first conveying pipe. The bent pipe between the second water supply pipe and the connecting pipe is designed into a gradual change bent pipe so as to reduce the local excessive loss of water flow. The fish luring facilities are lighting facilities and/or sound wave facilities. The lighting facilities are light equipment which can attract fish schools, such as fish luring lamps and the like, the sound wave facilities are sound wave equipment which can attract fish schools, such as fish luring sonars and the like, and sound-light combined fish luring equipment can also be adopted. Further, a drain hole for emptying the water flow in the first transport pipe can be arranged at the fish collecting pipe. After the fish conveying is completed, the water in the first conveying pipe can be emptied through the drain hole so as to facilitate the next fish conveying.
In the mechanical tubular fishway removing device, the two-way valve consists of an inner cylinder a, a shell a matched with the inner cylinder a and a handle a; a through hole a is formed in the position, opposite to the side surface of the cylinder a, of the two-way valve; the interior of the two-way valve shell a is hollow and is in clearance fit with the inner cylinder a; the side surface of the shell a is provided with a connector which is communicated with the first water supply pipe and the second water supply pipe respectively; the handle a penetrates through a through hole on the end surface of the shell a and is fixedly connected with the end surface of the inner cylinder a. The rotating handle a can drive the inner cylinder a to rotate, and the communication and disconnection of the first water feeding pipe and the fish collecting pipe are controlled.
In the mechanical tubular fishway removing device, the three-way valve consists of an inner cylinder b, a shell b matched with the inner cylinder b and a handle b; the side surface of the three-way valve cylinder b is provided with two through holes, one of the through holes is a linear through hole b for communicating the second conveying pipe with the fish collecting pipe, the other one of the through holes is an L-shaped through hole c for communicating the first conveying pipe with the fish collecting pipe, and the through hole b and the through hole c are parallel to each other; the three-way valve shell b is hollow and is in clearance fit with the inner cylinder b; the side surface of the shell b, which is opposite to the first conveying pipe, the second conveying pipe and the fish collecting pipe, is respectively provided with a connector communicated with the first conveying pipe, the second conveying pipe and the fish collecting pipe; the handle b penetrates through a through hole on the end face of the shell b and is fixedly connected with the end face of the inner cylinder b. The rotating handle b can drive the inner cylinder b to rotate, so that the fish collecting pipe is communicated with the second conveying pipe or the first conveying pipe.
Above-mentioned remove mechanized tubular fishway device, first feed pipe and first transport pipe all set up perpendicularly. The first water supply pipe and the first conveying pipe are vertically arranged, so that the occupied space of the device can be reduced. The first water supply pipe is vertically arranged, so that the potential energy of water flow can be increased, and the effect of transporting fish can be achieved by using less water; the first transport pipe is vertically arranged, so that the fish can be rapidly transported, and the damage to the fish is reduced.
In the mechanical tubular fishway removing device, the outlet section of the first conveying pipe is a bent pipe. The bent pipeline is more convenient for fish to enter an upstream reservoir.
The principle of the mechanical tubular fishway removing device is as follows: 1) fish luring collection: the two-way valve is kept closed, the three-way valve is in a state that the second conveying pipe is communicated with the fish collecting pipe, and the first conveying pipe is not communicated with the fish collecting pipe, fish in the downstream reservoir is collected through the fish collecting box, and then the fish is collected in the fish collecting pipe through the second conveying pipe through the fish luring facility; 2) transporting the fish: and adjusting the three-way valve to enable the first conveying pipe and the fish collecting pipe to be communicated and the second conveying pipe and the fish collecting pipe to be not communicated, adjusting the two-way valve to enable the first water supply pipe and the fish collecting pipe to be communicated, forming a fish passing flow speed in the pipeline, and substituting all the fish in the fish collecting pipe into the upstream reservoir through the first conveying pipe under the action of water power. The water level of the water storage tank is always kept stable. The elevation of the water outlet of the first conveying pipe is larger than the water level of the water storage tank, so that after the two-way valve is opened, water flow cannot continuously flow, and only a part of enough fish and water can be taken away at a time under the action of unsteady flow, and the damage to the fish can be further reduced.
The mechanical tubular fishway removing device provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention is a mechanical device, realizes the transportation of fish through water power, can efficiently collect, transport and release the fish, does not contain rotating blades, does not have high-speed jet flow, has no obvious pressure change and fluid shearing, can avoid the direct damage to the fish body, and is not easy to cause the death of the fish;
(2) the fish transporting system does not need additional input energy, the whole system is completely operated by the self gravitational potential energy of water, and the fish is transported to an upstream reservoir by using the inertia of water, so that the water level of the water storage tank is kept stable for a short time only in the process of transporting the fish, fish groups are taken away at one time, the water consumption is greatly saved, the fish passing water utilization efficiency is improved, and the water consumption for passing the fish is greatly reduced;
(3) the invention has simple structure, easy construction, small occupied area by adopting pipelines to pass fish, strong adaptability to terrain, no restriction by terrain conditions basically and easy engineering site selection and arrangement. And a long-distance gentle slope channel is not needed, expensive lifting equipment is not needed, the construction cost is reduced, and the operation cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a mechanized tubular fishway removal device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a state diagram of the device under the fish attracting condition;
FIG. 3 is a state diagram of the apparatus under operating conditions during fish transport;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a two-way valve, wherein (a) is a front view of the two-way valve, (b) is a schematic view of a state of the two-way valve when a first water supply pipe and a second water supply pipe are disconnected, and (c) is a schematic view of a state of the two-way valve when the first water supply pipe and the second water supply pipe are connected;
FIG. 5 is a housing and an internal view of a two-way valve, wherein FIGS. (a) and (b) are an overall view and a sectional view of the interior of the two-way valve, and FIGS. (c) and (d) are a longitudinal sectional view and a transverse sectional view of the housing of the two-way valve;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the three-way valve, wherein (a) is a front view of the three-way valve, (b) is a schematic view of the state of the three-way valve when the connection pipe is in communication with the second transport pipe, and (c) is a schematic view of the state of the three-way valve when the connection pipe is in communication with the first transport pipe;
fig. 7 is a sectional view of the three-way valve casing, wherein (a) and (b) are an overall view and a sectional view of the three-way valve casing, and (c) and (d) are a longitudinal sectional view and a transverse sectional view of the three-way valve casing.
Description of reference numerals: 1-a water storage tank; 2-a first water supply pipe; 3-a two-way valve; 3-1-cylinder a; 3-2-shell a; 3-3-handle a; 3-4-via a; 3-5-bolt a; 4-a second water supply pipe; 5-gradual change bent pipe; 6-connecting pipe; 7-a water drainage hole; 8-three-way valve; 8-1-column b; 8-2-shell b; 8-3-handle b; 8-4-via b; 8-5-via c; 8-6-bolt b; 9-a first transport pipe; 10-bending the pipeline; 11-outlet water tank; 12-a second transport pipe; 13-fish collection box; 14-water replenishing pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following examples, each pipe diameter refers to the pipe inner diameter.
As shown in fig. 1, the tube-type fishway device for mechanization in the present embodiment includes a water storage mechanism for providing a stable water flow for transporting fish, a fish gathering mechanism for gathering water in a downstream reservoir, and a transporting mechanism for lifting and transporting fish in the fish gathering mechanism to an upstream reservoir 11.
As shown in fig. 1, the water storage mechanism includes a water storage tank 1, a first water supply pipe 2, and a water supply pipe 14. The first water supply pipe 2 is vertically installed, and the upper end of the first water supply pipe is communicated with the bottom of the water storage tank 1 and used for water passing. During the transport of fish, a steady stream of water is supplied to the storage tank 1 through the water supply pipe 14 to maintain a steady water level. The size of the water storage tank 1 is 3m long, 2m wide and 0.5m high, an overflow groove with 0.3m width is arranged on the side wall at 0.3m, and the water replenishing flow of the water replenishing pipe 14 is 40L/s. The first water feed pipe 2 had a vertical length of 2.66m and a diameter (D) of 0.2 m. Storage water tank 1 and first feed pipe 2 are as a stable flood peak, provide the stable rivers of transportation fish, do not have special restriction to the shape and size of storage water tank 1, the size of first feed pipe 2, can be according to actual conditions such as topography and rational design, but for the potential energy that makes water production satisfy the requirement, the vertical design of first feed pipe 2 is more reasonable.
As shown in fig. 1, the fish collecting mechanism comprises a fish collecting box 13, a second transport pipe 12 and a fish collecting pipe which are arranged in sequence from left to right. The fish collecting box 13 is directly communicated with the second conveying pipe 12, and the second conveying pipe 12 is communicated with the fish collecting pipe through the three-way valve 8. The fish collection box 13 has a length of 1m, a width of 1m and a height of 0.5 m. The fish collecting pipe is composed of a second water supply pipe 4, a gradual change bent pipe 5 and a connecting pipe 6 which are integrated. The second water feed pipe 4 has a vertical length of 0.46m and a diameter of 0.2 m. The gradual change return bend 5 is used for improving the velocity of water flow, and the entry end diameter is 0.2m, and exit end diameter is 0.15m, and the vertical height of gradual change section is 0.25m, and the horizontal length of gradual change section is 0.3 m. The connecting pipe 6 is 0.4m in horizontal length and 0.15m in diameter and is made of transparent materials. A fish attracting facility which attracts the fish in the fish collecting box 13 into the fish collecting pipe through the second conveying pipe 12 is arranged at the connecting pipe 6, and particularly, the fish attracting facility is arranged outside the connecting pipe; in a preferred implementation mode, the fish luring facilities can be uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the connecting pipe so as to achieve a good fish luring effect. The fish luring facility is a lighting facility and/or a sound wave facility. The lighting facilities are light equipment which can attract fish schools, such as fish luring lamps and the like, the sound wave facilities are sound wave equipment which can attract fish schools, such as fish luring sonars and the like, and sound-light combined fish luring equipment can also be adopted. To facilitate the attraction of fish in the downstream reservoir into the fish collection tank 13, fish attracting means as previously described may also be provided in or around the fish collection tank 13.
The first water feed pipe 2 and the second water feed pipe 4 are communicated through a two-way valve 3. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the two-way valve 3 is composed of an inner cylinder a 3-1, and a housing a 3-2 and a handle a 3-3 associated therewith. The diameter of a cylinder a 3-1 of the two-way valve 3 is 0.3m, and a through hole a 3-4 is formed in the position opposite to the side face of the cylinder. The outer shell a 3-2 of the two-way valve 3 is similar to the inner cylinder a 3-1 in shape, the inner part of the outer shell a is hollow and is in clearance fit with the inner cylinder a 3-1; the opposite position of shell a side sets up the interface with first feed pipe and second feed pipe intercommunication respectively, and interface and first feed pipe 2 and the fixed sealing connection in second feed pipe 4 butt joint position. The handle a penetrates through a through hole in the end face of the shell a and is fixedly connected with the end face of the inner cylinder a, and the inner cylinder a can be driven to rotate by rotating the handle a. The direction of the handle a is designed to be parallel or vertical to the through hole a on the inner cylinder a, and meanwhile, a bolt a 3-5 (such as the bolt on the upper part and the bolt on the left side in fig. 4 (a)) is respectively arranged at the corresponding positions of the side surface of the shell a parallel or vertical to the interface axis, and is used for positioning the position of the handle a, and when the handle a is positioned at the position of the bolt a on the left side, the working condition diagram in the fish luring process shown in fig. 2 is corresponded; when the handle a is positioned at the position of the upper bolt a, the working condition diagram of the fish conveying process shown in figure 3 is corresponded, so that the on-off direction of the two-way valve can be conveniently controlled. In order to fix the handle a, a buckle matched with the handle a can be further arranged on the bolt a. In order for the downward flow of water to have sufficient potential energy to transport the fish from downstream to upstream, the height of the two-way valve relative to the bottom of the fish gathering pipe should be 0.5-1 m, in this embodiment 0.71 m.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the transportation mechanism includes a first transportation pipe 9 vertically disposed, an outlet section of the first transportation pipe is a bent pipe 10, and an outlet of the bent pipe 10 corresponds to the upstream reservoir. In the embodiment, the upstream reservoir is an upstream outlet water tank 11, the size of the upstream outlet water tank is 1m long, 1m wide and 0.5m high, and an overflow drainage groove with the width of 0.3m is formed at the position of 0.4m, wherein the overflow drainage groove is formed for preventing the outlet water tank 11 from overflowing fully, and simultaneously preventing fish from overflowing from the overflow drainage groove; by providing an overflow drain channel, the direction of water overflow can be specified and fish are guaranteed to remain in the outlet tank 11. In actual engineering, the upstream reservoir does not have an overflow condition, so that the arrangement of an overflow drainage groove can be omitted. The first transport pipe 9 has a vertical length of 3.7m, a diameter (d) of 0.15m, a vertical height of the bent pipe 10 of 0.3m, a horizontal distance of the bent pipe 10 of 0.6m, and a diameter of 0.15 m.
The first transport pipe 9 is communicated with the second transport pipe 12 and the fish collecting pipe through a three-way valve 8. As shown in FIGS. 6-7, the three-way valve 8 is composed of an inner cylinder b 8-1, a housing b 8-2 and a handle b 8-3. The diameter of an inner cylinder b 8-1 of the three-way valve 8 is 0.45m, two through holes are formed in the side face of the cylinder, one of the through holes is a linear through hole b 8-4 for communicating the second conveying pipe 12 with the connecting pipe 6 forming the fish collecting pipe, the other through hole is an L-shaped through hole c 8-5 for communicating the first conveying pipe 9 with the connecting pipe 6 forming the fish collecting pipe, and the corner of the L-shaped through hole is provided with a certain bending degree, so that the local loss of water flow at the position is reduced to be overlarge, and the smooth connection can avoid the collision of fish to the side wall to cause overlarge damage to the fish; the through hole b 8-4 and the through hole c 8-5 are parallel to each other to ensure communication between the connection pipe 6 and only one of the first transport pipe 9 or the second transport pipe 12. The outer shell b 8-2 of the three-way valve 3 is similar to the shape of the inner cylinder b 8-1, and the outer shell b 8-2 is hollow and is in clearance fit with the inner cylinder b 8-1; the side surface of the shell b 8-2 is provided with interfaces which are respectively communicated with the first conveying pipe 9, the second conveying pipe 12 and the connecting pipe 6 at opposite positions, and the interfaces are fixedly and hermetically connected with the butt joint positions of the first conveying pipe 9, the second conveying pipe 12 and the connecting pipe 6. The handle b8-3 penetrates through a through hole on the end face of the shell b 8-2 to be fixedly connected with the end face of the inner cylinder b 8-1, and the inner cylinder b 8-1 can be driven to rotate by rotating the handle b 8-3. The direction of the handle b8-3 is designed to be parallel or vertical to the through hole b 8-4/the through hole c 8-5 on the inner cylinder b 8-1, and meanwhile, a bolt b 8-6 (such as the bolt on the upper part and the bolt on the left side in fig. 6 (a)) is respectively arranged at the corresponding positions of the side surface of the shell b 8-2 parallel or vertical to the interface axis and is used for positioning the position of the handle b8-3, and when the handle b8-3 is positioned at the position of the bolt b on the left side, the working condition diagram in the fish luring process shown in fig. 2 is corresponding; when the handle b8-3 is positioned at the position of the upper bolt b, the working condition diagram of the fish conveying process shown in figure 3 is corresponded, so that the on-off direction of the two-way valve can be conveniently controlled. In order to fix the handle, a buckle matched with the handle can be further arranged on the bolt b.
In the process of transporting the fish, the elevation of the water outlet of the first transporting pipe 9 is always higher than the water level in the water storage tank 1 by a certain height through the overflow groove formed in the side wall of the water storage tank, namely, the elevation of the water outlet and the water level in the water storage tank 1 have a height difference delta H. In the embodiment, the height of the top of the first conveying pipe 9 relative to the upper part of the fish collecting pipe is about 4m, and at the moment, 0 & ltdelta H & lt, 0.21 m; when the height of the top of the first conveying pipe 9 relative to the upper part of the fish collecting pipe is about 8m, 0 & ltdelta & gtH & lt, 0.50m, so that after the two-way valve 3 is opened, water flow does not endlessly flow into the upstream reservoir 11, but only a part of enough fish and water are taken away at a time due to the action of unsteady flow, which is one of the innovation points of the device.
In addition, a drain hole 7 for emptying water flow in the first conveying pipe 9 is further arranged at the connecting pipe 6 of the fish collecting pipe, and a drain valve is mounted at the drain hole and is normally in a normally closed state. After one fish transfer is completed, the water in the first transport pipe 9 can be emptied through the drain hole 7 for the next fish transfer.
The operation of the mechanized tubular fishway device of the present invention will be described in detail below to further illustrate the advantages and principles of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2-3, the above-described de-mechanized tubular fishway device is used to transport fish from the fish collection tank 13 to the upstream outlet tank 11 according to the following steps:
s1, firstly, the two-way valve is closed, the three-way valve 8 is communicated with the second conveying pipe 12 and the fish collecting pipe, and the sound wave facility and the light facility are started to lure fish at the connecting pipe 6 of the fish collecting pipe;
s2, when all fishes enter the fish collecting pipe, adjusting the three-way valve 8 to enable the fish collecting pipe to be communicated with the first conveying pipe 9, and continuously replenishing water to the water storage tank 1 by the water replenishing pipe 14 until the water level in the water storage tank reaches the position of the overflow groove;
s3, the two-way valve 3 is opened to connect the first water supply pipe 2 with the fish collecting pipe, the water brings the fish from the fish collecting pipe into the first transport pipe 9 at one time through strong potential energy, and finally the fish are all carried out from the bent pipe 10 into the upstream outlet water tank by water.
The water flow can not flow endlessly, when all fishes are taken out and can not flow out, the two-way valve is closed to stop water supplement, the drain valve is opened to drain all water in the first conveying pipe 9 from the drain hole, and then the three-way valve 8 is adjusted to be connected with the fish collecting pipe through the second conveying pipe 12, and the next fish collecting and conveying is carried out. If the phenomenon of incomplete conveying occurs once, the drainage valve can be opened to drain water, then the two-way valve is opened again to convey fish until all the fish are conveyed to the upstream outlet water tank, and then the three-way valve 8 is adjusted to be communicated with the second conveying pipe 12 and the fish collecting pipe to start next fish collecting and conveying preparation.
In order to verify the fish conveying effect of the mechanical tubular fishway removing device provided by the embodiment, in the embodiment, red chinaur is used as a conveying test object (the average body length is 4 cm-7.8 cm). Three working conditions are set up:
under the working condition 1, 10 fishes are placed in the fish collection box 13;
under the working condition 2, 15 fishes are placed in the fish collection box 13;
and under the working condition 3, 20 fishes are placed in the fish collection box 13.
Then, according to the above steps S1-S3, the red chinse carp is transported from the fish collection tank 13 to the upstream outlet water tank 11. The results show that under three working conditions, all the fishes can be conveyed to the upstream outlet water tank at one time.
Therefore, the mechanical tubular fish passing device in the embodiment can effectively attract fishes to enter the system, vertical and rapid transportation of the fishes is realized through hydraulic force, and the fishes can be efficiently collected, transported and released; the pipeline internal surface is smooth, and just transports fish through the inertial action of rivers, high-speed efflux can not appear, can avoid causing direct damage to the fish body, guarantees the fish survival rate. On the whole, the invention has simple structure and easy construction, adopts pipelines to pass fish, has small occupied area and strong adaptability to terrain, is basically not limited by terrain conditions, and is easy to select and arrange engineering sites. And a long-distance gentle slope channel is not needed, expensive lifting equipment is not needed, the construction cost is reduced, the operation cost is low, and the method is suitable for popularization in the field.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a remove mechanized tubular fishway device which characterized in that: the fish gathering device comprises a water storage mechanism, a fish gathering mechanism and a conveying mechanism, wherein the water storage mechanism is used for providing stable water flow for conveying fish, the fish gathering mechanism is used for gathering fish in a downstream reservoir, and the conveying mechanism is used for lifting and conveying the fish in the fish gathering mechanism to an upstream reservoir;
the water storage mechanism comprises a water storage tank (1) with a stable water level and a first water supply pipe (2) communicated with the water storage tank (1); the water storage mechanism also comprises a water replenishing pipe (14) for providing stable water flow for the water storage tank, and an overflow groove for keeping the water level stable is formed in the side part of the water storage tank (1);
the fish collecting mechanism comprises a fish collecting box (13) for collecting the fish in the downstream reservoir, a second conveying pipe (12) communicated with the fish collecting box (13) and a fish collecting pipe communicated with the first water supply pipe (2) through a two-way valve (3), and a fish luring facility for luring the fish in the fish collecting box (13) into the fish collecting pipe through the second conveying pipe (12) is arranged at the fish collecting pipe; the two-way valve (3) is composed of an internal cylinder a (3-1), a shell a (3-2) and a handle a (3-3) which are matched with the internal cylinder a; a through hole a (3-4) is formed in the position, opposite to the side face of the two-way valve cylinder a (3-1); the interior of the bi-pass valve shell a (3-2) is hollow and is in clearance fit with the inner cylinder a (3-1); the opposite position of the side surface of the shell a (3-2) is provided with a connector which is respectively communicated with the first water supply pipe (2) and the second water supply pipe (4); the handle a (3-3) penetrates through a through hole on the end face of the shell a (3-2) and is fixedly connected with the end face of the inner cylinder a (3-1); the fish collecting pipe comprises an integrated second water supply pipe (4), a gradual change bent pipe (5) for improving the flow velocity of water flow and a connecting pipe (6), the connecting pipe (6) is made of transparent materials, and the fish luring facility is arranged at the connecting pipe (6);
the transportation mechanism comprises a first transportation pipe (9) communicated with a second transportation pipe (12) and a fish collecting pipe through a three-way valve (8), the water outlet of the first transportation pipe (9) corresponds to an upstream reservoir, and the elevation of the water outlet is greater than the water level in the water storage tank (1); the three-way valve (8) is composed of an internal cylinder b (8-1), a shell b (8-2) and a handle b (8-3) which are matched with the internal cylinder b; the side surface of the three-way valve cylinder b (8-1) is provided with two through holes, one of the through holes is a linear through hole b (8-4) for communicating the second conveying pipe (12) with the fish collecting pipe, the other one is an L-shaped through hole c (8-5) for communicating the first conveying pipe (9) with the fish collecting pipe, and the through hole b (8-4) and the through hole c (8-5) are parallel to each other; the three-way valve shell b (8-2) is hollow and is in clearance fit with the inner cylinder b (8-1); the side surface of the shell b (8-2) and the relative positions of the first conveying pipe (9), the second conveying pipe (12) and the fish collecting pipe are respectively provided with a connector communicated with the first conveying pipe, the second conveying pipe and the fish collecting pipe; the handle b (8-3) penetrates through a through hole on the end face of the shell b (8-2) and is fixedly connected with the end face of the inner cylinder b (8-1).
2. The de-mechanized tubular fishway device of claim 1, further comprising: the ratio of the diameter D of the first water supply pipe (2) to the diameter D of the first conveying pipe (9) is 1.2-2.
3. The de-mechanized tubular fishway device of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the diameter of the second water supply pipe (4) and the diameter of the inlet end of the gradual change bent pipe (5) are equal to the diameter D of the first water supply pipe (2); the diameter of the outlet end of the gradual change elbow pipe (5) and the diameter of the connecting pipe (6) are equal to the diameter d of the first conveying pipe (9).
4. The de-mechanized tubular fishway device of claim 1, further comprising: the fish luring facilities are lighting facilities and/or sound wave facilities.
5. The de-mechanized tubular fishway device of claim 1, further comprising: the fish collecting pipe is also provided with a water drainage hole (7) for emptying water flow in the first conveying pipe (9).
6. The de-mechanized tubular fishway device of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the outlet section of the first conveying pipe (9) is a bent pipe.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010028760.9A CN111236181B (en) | 2020-01-11 | 2020-01-11 | Remove mechanized tubular fishway device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010028760.9A CN111236181B (en) | 2020-01-11 | 2020-01-11 | Remove mechanized tubular fishway device |
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| CN111236181A CN111236181A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
| CN111236181B true CN111236181B (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| AU2020244510B2 (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-07-14 | Peirson Harris Felder Pty. Limited | Fish transfer system and method |
| WO2024076239A1 (en) * | 2022-10-02 | 2024-04-11 | Searas As | Device for transferring liquid |
| CN117431911B (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-02-27 | 四川弘信天启科技有限公司 | Fish collecting bucket capable of maintaining balance |
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| CN104594320A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-05-06 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Fish-passing type lock and fish-passing method |
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| CN109736254A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-05-10 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | High dam integrates fish pass structure and its crosses fish method |
| CN109853491A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-07 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Gate valve duct type fish pass structure |
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| CN104480914A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-04-01 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Fish pass facility and method with fish ladder and navigation lock combined |
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| CN111236181A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
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