CN110050661B

CN110050661B - Method for bagging big tree (seedling) in place during transplanting

Info

Publication number: CN110050661B
Application number: CN201910314900.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐爱民; 唐荷花; 唐振超; 李勇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-04-18
Filing date: 2019-04-18
Publication date: 2021-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-18
Also published as: CN110050661A

Abstract

The invention discloses a big tree (seedling) transplanting in-situ bagging method: (1) selecting trees (nursery stocks) to be transplanted, and cutting the main roots and the lateral roots for multiple times; (2) when a large amount of new roots are germinated, bagging on the spot; (3) cultivating on the spot after bagging; (4) transplanting trees after half a year to one year; or cultivating on the spot for more than 3 years, and transplanting when transplanting is needed. The method firstly bags on the spot, cultivates on the spot and then transplants, and has the advantages that: the method has the advantages of easy operation, easy management, small investment, soil ball reduction, less damage to trees in the bagging process, high survival rate, improvement of the quality of seedlings, improvement of the landscape effect after tree transplantation, great reduction of the maintenance cost, normal growth of the seedlings after bagging, no seedling reviving period, great reduction of the death risk of the seedlings in the bagging process, and great solution to the transplantation problem of trees (seedlings) which are not easy to be beaten with soil balls. The method has high practical value and is very worthy of popularization.

Description

Method for bagging big tree (seedling) in place during transplanting

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for bagging big trees (seedlings) in place during transplanting, belonging to the field of forestry.

Background

The existing big tree bag-packing method is to take out the big tree (nursery stock) to be transplanted from the nursery (original) land, pack, then use the special container to pack the tree for planting and then cultivate, the existing method has the disadvantages: firstly, the bagging survival rate is not guaranteed; secondly, the cultivation difficulty is high after bagging and planting; thirdly, the method has large damage to the tree, a large amount of pruning and most of leaves are removed, and the seedling recovery period of the transplanted tree is long; fourthly, the cost is high, particularly the maintenance cost is high; fifthly, the bagging method can hardly bag big trees with the diameter of breast height more than 20 cm and big trees which are not easy to be beaten with earth balls. Big tree transplanting, if bag seedling transplanting only with soil ball is not needed, the survival rate is not guaranteed, most branches and leaves can be removed, the greening and beautifying effect is poor, the seedling reviving period is long, and the maintenance cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method can well solve the problems that the survival rate of the big tree (seedling) is difficult to ensure in the transplanting and bagging processes, the seedling recovery period is long, the management and maintenance cost is high after bagging, the transplanting of the tree (seedling) which is difficult to be beaten with soil balls and the like.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is a big tree transplanting bag-in-place method, which comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting a tree to be transplanted, cutting off a main root, namely a vertical root, of the big tree, and keeping the length of the main root to be 30-60 cm; after the main root is cut off and saved for 3 to 5 months in a growing season, the lateral root, namely the transverse root is cut off, and the length is kept between 15 and 60 centimeters after cutting off;

(2) after the lateral roots are cut into roots, after 3 to 5 months of a growing season, digging the cut root parts, bagging on the spot, namely, wrapping the stumps into apple-shaped containers with large upper parts and small lower parts by using a bagging material, wherein the size of the containers requires that the edges of the containers are 5 to 10 centimeters away from the outer edges of the cut part of the lateral roots, and the depth of the containers is generally 40 to 60 centimeters;

(3) cultivating on the spot after bagging;

(4) transplanting trees after half to one year; or cultivating on the spot for more than 3 years, and transplanting when transplanting is needed.

The method strengthens the fertilizer and water management during the in-situ cultivation and prevents the lodging after the bracket is arranged.

Wherein the bottom of the container is unpacked when the bag-in-place is used; or further wrapping the unpacked bottom with a bag material on site one year after the first bagging.

The bag in place is a half bag or a full bag; the bag-in-place material is made of materials such as non-woven fabrics.

Wherein the tree is a big tree, an ancient tree or a nursery stock.

The in-situ cultivation is carried out after the bag is wrapped, namely, a rooting and seedling strengthening agent is diluted by water and then is used for irrigating the roots of the trees or spraying the branches and leaves, so that the rooting speed of the seedlings is accelerated; the cultivation measures of soil covering, stump cultivation, watering, fertilization, weeding, pest control, support frame laying and lodging prevention are adopted.

The key points of the invention are as follows: the transplantation is carried out after the in-situ bagging and in-situ cultivation, which brings a lot of benefits. The method of the invention has the advantages of easy operation, easy management, small investment, small soil ball, less damage to trees in the bagging process, guarantee of survival rate in the bagging process, easy bagging of big trees with the diameter at breast height of more than 20 cm, and well solving the problem of transplanting trees (seedlings) which are not easy to be beaten with soil balls. The big tree (seedling) can be planted with full crown and leaves when being transplanted; the survival rate of transplanted big trees (seedlings) is guaranteed, the quality of the seedlings is improved, the landscape effect of the transplanted trees is improved, and the maintenance cost is greatly reduced. The nursery box also provides great convenience for nursery of the nursery stock, the nursery box is not required to be packaged when the nursery box is outplanted, the problem of soil scattering balls is not worried, the nursery box can be directly put down and transported for use, and the nursery box can be outplanted in rainy days. Particularly, the seedlings can grow normally after being bagged, the seedling revival period is avoided, and the death risk of the seedlings in the bagging process is greatly reduced. The method has good practical value and is very worthy of popularization.

Drawings

The first time the bag is wrapped in fig. 1, the bottom is unwrapped.

In FIG. 2, after the bag is packed, the transverse roots growing in the bag grow in the bag because of the obstruction of the non-woven fabric, and a plurality of fibrous roots grow in the bag.

Fig. 3 shows a full-crown bag, and seedlings grow vigorously after the bag is packed.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following detailed description of specific embodiments, which are not intended to be limiting but are merely exemplary.

The invention relates to a big tree (seedling) transplanting in-situ bagging method, which comprises the following specific operations:

selecting trees (nursery stocks) to be transplanted according to needs, cutting roots (main roots and lateral roots) for multiple times, in order to reduce the influence of the cut roots on the growth of the trees, requiring the cut roots to be carried out for multiple times (at least twice), cutting off the main roots (vertical roots) of the big trees, keeping the length of the main roots to be about 30-60 cm, specifically keeping how long, and determining according to the specification size of the trees and the specification of the size to be cultivated for outplanting; after the main root is cut off and saved for 3 to 5 months in one growing season, the lateral roots (transverse roots) can be cut off, the tree is small in size, all the lateral roots (transverse roots) can be cut off at one time, and the tree can be cut off for 2 to 3 times; if the cutting is carried out twice, the opposite sections are cut by 4 times, and after 3 to 5 months of saving, the rest opposite sections are cut by 4 times; if the truncation is divided into 3 times or more than 3 times, the method operation of 2 times of truncation can be referred; the length of the lateral root (transverse root) is reserved, generally about 15 to 60 cm, and the specific length of the reserved lateral root (transverse root) is determined according to the specification of the tree and the specification of the tree to be cultivated for outplanting. After cutting roots, a large number of new roots to be germinated can be packaged on the spot, materials such as non-woven fabrics and the like are used for half-packaging or full-packaging once or twice, the roots of the trees are packaged into apple-shaped containers with large top and small bottom by the materials such as the non-woven fabrics and the like according to the size of the trees, the size of the containers requires that the sides of the containers are 5 to 10 centimeters away from the root cutting positions (because the new roots are longer than 2 centimeters from the cut positions), the depth of the containers is generally 40 to 60 centimeters, and the specific depth is determined according to the specification and size of the trees. After the first bag packaging, the bottom of the container is not packaged (see fig. 1), so that the damage to the root of the tree is small, the connection state of the bottom of the stump and the soil is not changed, the tree can be guaranteed to have little influence on the growth of the tree after the bag packaging, and the tree can not die, and the tree root can grow in the bag because the lateral root is difficult to penetrate due to the obstruction of non-woven fabrics in the later growth process, and a large number of fibrous roots can be formed in the bag (see fig. 2); thus, the effect of taking the trees out of the nursery (original) and packing the trees, bagging the trees by materials such as non-woven fabrics and the like, and cultivating the container seedlings after field planting can be achieved, and the trees to be transplanted can not be greatly damaged. If the seedlings are required to be completely packaged like the existing completely packaged seedlings, a lot of fibrous roots grow on the roots of trees in the bags after the first bag packaging for one year, and then the bottom which is not packaged is locally wrapped by materials such as non-woven fabrics (see figure 1). Determining the diameter and depth of the bag according to the characteristics of different tree species and the size of the tree and the specification of the transplanting preparation; after being bagged, the seedlings are cultivated on the spot, after being treated by a strong seedling rooting agent, the management is strengthened to carry out earthing, stump cultivation, watering, fertilization, weeding, pest control and support frame prevention and lodging prevention; the bag can be transplanted after half a year to one year, or can be cultivated in situ for more than 3 years and then transplanted when needed. The full-crown bag is wrapped by the method of the invention, and the seedlings grow vigorously after being wrapped (see figure 3). The method of the invention can be used for not only seedling cultivation, but also big tree transplantation and ancient tree protective transplantation. Has good practical value and is very worthy of popularization.

The inventor proves that the method is scientific and effective by carrying out on-site bagging test on the nursery stocks with the diameter of 6-7 centimeters of the rice of the phoebe bournei.

Minnan (a Chinese character of Min)Phoebe bournei (Hemsl.)Yang) The Lauraceae nanmu evergreen arbors are one of unique precious timber and excellent ornamental tree species in China, have high economic value and development prospect, belong to rare or endangered protective plants in China and secondary protective plants in China. The wood has the advantages of straight dry shape, fragrant and durable wood, light yellow color, fragrance, compact and tough material, difficult backward warping and cracking, beautiful texture and durability, and is a good material for furniture, decoration and craft carving. Due to the fact that the bark of the phoebe bournei tree is thin and has slow rooting, the survival rate of big trees transplanted without bags is low, most branches and leaves can be removed in the transplanting process, and attractiveness is seriously affected.

The inventor respectively carries out the seedling taking, bagging and on-site bagging tests on the nursery stocks with the diameter of 6-7 centimeters of the rice of the phoebe bournei, and proves that the on-site bagging method is scientific and effective.

1 general description of the test

The test land is arranged on the half street of the jujube tree terrace village in the golden cave town of the golden cave management area of Yongzhou city, Hunan province, the landform mainly comprises the sandstone, the shale and the carbonaceous slate, the soil layer is deep, loose and fertile, and the organic matter content is high. The test field has an average annual temperature of 17.5 ℃, an absolute historical maximum temperature of 39.3 ℃, an absolute minimum temperature of-13.6 ℃, an average monthly temperature of 6.5 ℃, an average monthly temperature of 28.9 ℃, an annual average sunshine time of 159.9 hours, an annual average precipitation amount of 1600-1900mm, an annual average relative humidity of 81 percent, an altitude of about 200 m and a soil pH of 5.0-6.5, and is suitable for the growth of nursery stocks.

2 materials and methods

The inventor firstly uses the existing full-packaging technology to fully package nursery stocks with the diameter of 6-7 centimeters of Phoebe bournei, and the specific operation is as follows: in early spring in month 2, the main root of the tree of the bag to be packaged is cut off by a special tool, and the length of the main root is kept about 30 centimeters. And then, after the high-temperature season passes and 10 months in autumn, cutting the lateral roots of the trees to be bagged by using a special tool, keeping the length of the lateral roots to be about 15 cm, and adopting measures of earthing and stump cultivation, watering 50 kg of roots by using 1 g of GGR6 rooting and seedling strengthening agent, fertilizing, weeding, pest control, support frame erection and lodging prevention and the like without watering. And (3) when the spring of the next year is used, taking and packing the seedlings, pruning, removing most leaves, bagging by using a prepared non-woven fabric bag with the height of 40 cm and the diameter of 50 cm, and deeply burying into the nursery land after bagging, wherein the burying depth is flush with the mouth of the non-woven fabric bag. After bagging, measures such as earthing up and stump cultivation are also adopted for strengthening management, 1 g of GGR6 rooting and seedling strengthening agent is added with 50 kg of water to water roots, fertilization, weeding, pest control, support frame making and lodging prevention are also adopted. And in two months after bagging, measures such as watering, leaf surface spraying and the like are taken as long as the seedlings are sunny, 50 seedlings are loaded, 45 seedlings survive, the survival rate is about 90%, the seedling recovery period is long, and the growth vigor of the trees seriously declines. The bagging method is found to have the problems of high management difficulty, high cost, long seedling recovery period, no guarantee of survival rate, serious decline of growth vigor of the survived seedlings in the later period after bagging, slow growth and the like.

The inventor carries out on-site bagging on more than 1000 nursery stocks with the diameter of 6-7 centimeters of the Phoebe bournei by using the on-site bagging technology of the method, and under the condition of no fine management, no nursery stock dies, and the survival rate is 100 percent. The specific operation is as follows: in early spring in month 2, the main root of the tree of the bag to be packaged is cut off by a special tool, and the length of the main root is kept about 30 centimeters. And cutting off the lateral roots of the trees to be bagged in 10 months in autumn after the high-temperature season passes, keeping the length of the lateral roots to be about 15 cm, and performing measures of covering soil and cultivating roots, watering the roots with 50 kg of water by using 1 g of GGR6 rooting and seedling strengthening agent, fertilizing, weeding, pest control, support frame installing and lodging prevention and the like without watering. When a large number of new roots with the length of 2 centimeters are germinated on the cut roots in the spring of the next year, the non-woven fabrics are used for wrapping bags on the spot, the diameter of each bag is about 50 centimeters, and the depth of each bag is about 40 centimeters. After bagging, soil covering and stump cultivation are adopted for intensive management, 1 g of GGR6 rooting and seedling strengthening agent is added with 50 kg of water to water roots, and measures such as fertilization, weeding, pest control, support frame laying and lodging prevention are taken. After the bag is packed, the nursery stock grows normally, no water is added, no death occurs, the survival rate is 100%, and the growth of the nursery stock is not greatly influenced after the bag is packed. After the bags are packed, a large number of new roots germinate in the bags in the next year, and the seedlings can be transplanted out of the nursery. From the outplanting situation, the survival rate of the container seedling transplantation is guaranteed and is very popular in the market.

Compared with the existing big tree bagging method, the method of the invention has the following advantages: easy operation, easy management, small investment, soil ball reduction, less damage to trees in the bag packing process and capability of ensuring 100 percent survival of trees. The plants can be planted in whole crowns and leaves after transplantation; the quality of the nursery stock is improved, the survival rate of the transplantation is guaranteed, the maintenance cost is greatly reduced, and the problem of transplantation of trees (nursery stock) which are not easy to be beaten with soil balls is well solved. The nursery box also provides great convenience for nursery of the nursery stock, the nursery box is not required to be packaged when the nursery box is outplanted, the problem of soil scattering balls is not worried, the nursery box can be directly put down and transported for use, and the nursery box can be outplanted in rainy days.

In a word, compared with the existing big tree bagging method, the method has the advantages of low investment, easy operation and management, little damage to bagged seedlings, normal growth of the bagged seedlings, no seedling revival period, great reduction of the death risk of the seedlings in the bagging process, and good solution of the transplanting problem of trees (seedlings) which are not easy to be beaten with soil balls; in addition, the prior big tree bagging method is very difficult to bag big trees with the diameter of breast more than 20 cm and big trees which are not easy to be beaten with soil balls, while the invention is very easy to bag big trees with the diameter of breast more than 20 cm and big trees which are not easy to be beaten with soil balls.

Claims

1. An in-situ bagging method for tree transplantation is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting a tree to be transplanted, cutting off a main root, namely a vertical root, of the big tree, and keeping the length of the main root to be 30-60 cm; after the main root is cut for 3 to 5 months, cutting the lateral root, namely the transverse root, and keeping the length of the lateral root to be 15 to 60 centimeters after cutting;

(2) after the lateral roots are cut into roots, after 3 to 5 months, digging the root-cut parts, bagging on the spot, namely, wrapping the stumps into apple-shaped containers with large upper parts and small lower parts by using a bagging material, wherein the size of the containers requires that the edges of the containers are 5 to 10 centimeters away from the outer edges of the root-cut parts, and the depth of the containers is generally 40 to 60 centimeters; wherein, the bag material is a non-woven fabric material;

(3) cultivating on the spot after bagging;

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the in-situ cultivation, after the treatment with rooting and seedling strengthening agent, cultivation measures of earthing up, fertilizing, weeding, pest control and support frame-beating and lodging prevention are adopted.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the container is unpacked when the bag is packed in place; or further wrapping the unpacked bottom with a bag material on site one year after the first bagging.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the in-situ cultivation adopts a rooting and seedling strengthening agent which is diluted by water to carry out spraying or irrigating treatment on the tree crown or the tree root, thereby accelerating the rooting speed of the tree seedling.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the tree transplantation includes big tree transplantation, nursery stock transplantation and ancient tree protective transplantation.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: during the bag-packing process, the packed trees do not need to be picked, the soil components in the seedling bags are consistent with those outside the seedling bags, and the residual roots of the original big trees to be packed are remained in one to two years after the roots of the seedlings are cut outside the seedling bags, even for a longer time.