CN108124623A - A kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head Download PDFInfo
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- CN108124623A CN108124623A CN201810173676.9A CN201810173676A CN108124623A CN 108124623 A CN108124623 A CN 108124623A CN 201810173676 A CN201810173676 A CN 201810173676A CN 108124623 A CN108124623 A CN 108124623A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head.A kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head, including：(1) it ridged on planting site, do furrow, tree well is dug on plot of land；(2) stock is selected；(3) in late October, stock is colonized；(4) it grafts：After stock slow seedling survives, grafted using cut-grafting method；(5) field management：Through normal bud picking, except sprouting after grafting, the initial stage that scion is survived and grown is aerated, puts bag；(6) it is shaped into tree.A kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head of the present invention, the graft technology that the breeding method passes through grafting high and changing head, make decomposite leaf elm, long shoot elm, Huang Yu, circle hat elm, red elm, purple leaf Chinese wax, gold leaf Acer negundo. L, can planting cost and greening cost be reduced, and can make a variety of moulding with rapid shaping, fully show its ornamental value, stablize tree characteristics, find trees new varieties, enrich trees color；The breeding method is simple, survival rate is high, can reach more than 90%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of ornamental plant breed improvement, optimization, and in particular to a kind of trees grafting high and changing head
Breeding method.
Background technology
The trees such as decomposite leaf elm, circle hat elm, pumila, red elm, gold leaf Chinese wax, purple leaf Chinese wax, gold leaf Acer negundo. L, leaf color
It is gorgeous, have good visual effect, ornamental value is higher, nearly 2 years in landscape engineering, as greening-tree main material it
One, it is largely used in the various environment such as road, garden, park, subdistrict greening and the Landscape of form.But these
Arboreal growth is slow, is not easy rapid shaping, and market maintenance is less, scarcity of resources；And planting cost is high, belongs to higher price
Ornamental tree.And it is bred by conventional seed planting, character can not be stablized, and atavism is serious.
Acer negundo. L, American elm, Largeleaf Chinese Ash are adaptable, and growth is fast, and drought resisting, cold-resistant, saline-alkali tolerant is barren-resistant, will to soil
It asks not high, is protected in forestry frequently as one of farm field and forest network and the vanguard tree seed checked winds and fixed drifting sand and northwest arid area water and soil
Hold one of chief species with saline-alkali soil forestation.But these tree colors are single, ornamental value is little.But by decomposite leaf elm, circle
Hat elm, red elm, gold leaf Chinese wax, purple leaf Chinese wax, gold leaf Acer negundo. L etc. are grafted onto Acer negundo. L, American elm, on Largeleaf Chinese Ash, survival rate
It is relatively low, only 80% or so.
In view of this, it is necessary to propose that a kind of high decomposite leaf elm of survival rate, circle hat elm, red elm, gold leaf Chinese wax, purple leaf are white
The artificial culturing method of the trees such as wax, gold leaf Acer negundo. L.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head, which can make trees fast
Rapid-result type expands market maintenance, reduces planting cost, so as to reduce greening cost, and method is simple, survival rate is high.
To achieve these goals, used technical solution is：
A kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head, includes the following steps：
(1) it ridged on planting site, do furrow, tree well is dug on plot of land, the diameter of tree well is bigger than stock soil ball diameter
30-50cm；
(2) seedling is selected：Selection trunk lead to straight, bark is smooth, growing way is vigorous, side shoot is few, without pest and disease damage, without mechanical damage
Stock, the complete stock soil ball of digging root system, 8-10 times of a diameter of stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of stock soil ball；
(3) it is colonized：In late October, after being sprinkled into the earth's surface mellow soil of 10-20cm in tree well bottom, stock soil ball is put into tree
It after in hole, then will be filled up with mellow soil, consolidated, righting in tree well, tamping after carrying out pouring root with taking root liquid, is watered；
(4) it grafts：After second year spring stock slow seedling survives, transferred in late April to mid-April using cut-grafting method
It connects, 1.6-2.5 meters of grafting height；The side shoot below stock grafting position is all rejected before grafting；
In grafting procedures, incision of the incisional wounds more than 1.5cm of stock trunk or side shoot smears wound healing spirit；
(5) field management：Through normal bud picking, except sprouting after grafting, the initial stage that scion is survived and grown is aerated, puts bag, when
Young sprout carries out pinching, pinching 1-2 times when growing to 15-20cm；
(6) it is shaped into tree：Nursery stock after grafting by a growth cycle desinsection, diseases prevention, top dressing, loosen the soil, weeding,
After pinching and cut operation, make direction growth and shaping of the scion according to design appearance requirement；
Before spring next year leaf is sprouted, whole trimming is carried out to the trees of grafting according to tree vigo(u)r, desinsection is carried out at the same time, prevents
Disease top dressing, is loosened the soil, the maintenance work of weeding；
Wherein, when the stock is American elm, scion is decomposite leaf elm, long shoot elm, Huang Yu, circle hat elm, black elm, pumila or red
Elm；
When the stock is Largeleaf Chinese Ash, scion is gold leaf Chinese wax or purple leaf Chinese wax；
When the stock is Acer negundo. L, scion is gold leaf Acer negundo. L.
Further, in the step (1), the planting site is selected in the flat nursery lot of topography, and nursery lot is removed
After grass processing, then deep plough is carried out, rotary tillage, rakes, sterilize, desinsection processing.
Further, the depth of the tree well is more than the 20-30cm of stock original soil bulb diameter；
The high 30cm in the ridge, the wide 3m of furrow.
Further, the weeding processing is to spray herbicide and grass seeds inhibitor to soil.
Further, it in the step (2), is cut in tree root of the stock soil ball root system wound diameter of digging more than 1.5cm
Wound healing spirit is smeared at mouthful；
The stock soil ball dug out is bound with the straw rope after disinfection.
Further, in the step (2), digging the last week waters to selected stock；
The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of the stock is 3-10cm.
Further, in the step (4), using cut-grafting method grafted the specific steps are：
Handle stock：It is blocked in stock trunk in the position of design height, and scabbles section, keep section smooth；
Handle scion：By scion from the bud position back side nearest away from lower cut, to inscribe up to xylem, down-cutting immediately is arrived
Bottom cuts into the long bevel of the long 2-3cm in section, is 0.8-1cm's in the distance that its rear end is whittled into upper cut to lower cut
Small inclined-plane；
Grafting：It is cut vertically downward on stock cross section, deep 2-3cm, the long bevel in scion is inserted into stock inwards and is cut
Mouthful, the bevel of 0.1-0.3cm is exposed on top；
With plastic tape grafting part is tightened from bottom to top, then put on bagging, and bind consolidation.
Further, stock top notch is sealed with paraffin.
Further, the scion is from the bearing tree that robust growth, best in quality, character are stablized, choose in tree crown,
Top peripheral development is enriched, sprout is full, no disease and pests harm, the annotinous branch that has no mechanical damage are as scion.
Further, in the step (1), a diameter of 70cm, the depth 60cm of the tree well；
In the step (2), the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of stock is 4-5cm, and for clear bole height degree in more than 2.3m, stock soil ball diameter is 40-
50cm。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
A kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head of the present invention, the grafting skill which passes through grafting high and changing head
Art makes decomposite leaf elm, long shoot elm, Huang Yu, circle hat elm, black elm, pumila, red elm, gold leaf Chinese wax, purple leaf Chinese wax, gold leaf Acer negundo. L,
Can market maintenance be expanded with rapid shaping, reduce planting cost, so as to reduce greening cost, and change tree-like, change
It is leaf, color is changed, seeds color is enriched, a variety of moulding can be made, fully shows its ornamental value, expanding it should
With；The breeding method is simple, survival rate is high, can reach more than 90%, be easy to be extended and applied.
Specific embodiment
In order to which the present invention is further explained, a kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head, reaches expected goal of the invention, below
With reference to preferred embodiment, to the breeding method of a kind of trees grafting high and changing head proposed according to the present invention, specific embodiment, knot
Structure, feature and its effect are described in detail as after.In the following description, what different " embodiment " or " embodiment " referred to differs
Surely it is the same embodiment.In addition, the special characteristic, structure or feature in one or more embodiments can be by any suitable form groups
It closes.
Before a kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head of the present invention is elaborated, it is necessary to what is referred in the present invention
Associated materials etc. are described further, to reach better effect.
American elm can be grafted in the present invention：Decomposite leaf elm, long shoot elm, Huang Yu, circle hat elm, the black elm of green；The pumila of yellow；
Red red elm.
Largeleaf Chinese Ash can be grafted：The gold leaf Chinese wax of yellow, red purple leaf Chinese wax.
Acer negundo. L can be grafted：The gold leaf Acer negundo. L of yellow.
Soil ball diameter, also known as mud ball diameter, when referring to Nursery stock transplanting root the diameter with mud ball.
The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground refers to the trunk diameter at 1.2m from the ground.
Clear bole height degree refers to the height from ground to first layer branching-point.
After above-mentioned related raw material has been understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiments, a kind of trees height of the present invention is connect
The breeding method for changing head is further described in detail：
Embodiment 1.
The present embodiment was carried out in 2015-2017, grafted 700 plants altogether, green decomposite leaf elm, long shoot elm, Huang Yu, circle hat
Elm, black elm, the pumila of yellow and red red elm, each 100 plants of grafting, survival rate is followed successively by 93%, 90%, 91%,
90%th, 91%, 92%, 90%, graft survival rate 91%.
(1) planting site be selected in topography it is flat, have irrigation conditions nursery lot, after nursery lot is chosen, soil is first sprayed
Then herbicide and grass seeds inhibitor carry out soil deep plough, rotary tillage, rake, sterilize, the operations such as desinsection processing, in planting site
On ridged, be furrow, the high 30cm in the ridge, the wide 3m of furrow；Dig tree well on plot of land, the spacing in the rows between tree well is 2.5m, line-spacing 3m,
The diameter of tree well is bigger 30-50cm than stock soil ball diameter, and the depth of tree well is more than the 20-30cm of stock original soil bulb diameter.
Further, a diameter of 70cm of preferred tree well, depth 60cm.
(2) seedling is selected：Trunk is selected to lead to, and straight, bark is smooth, growing way is vigorous, side shoot is few, is damaged without pest and disease damage, without machinery
Wound, diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 3-10cm, the American elm that clear bole height degree is eliminated in more than 2.3m, nursery and engineering is as stock, digging the last week pair
Selected stock waters, the complete stock soil ball of digging root system, with straw rope to the stock soil ball dug out according to tightening reality
Requirement bound, bind straw rope used and be first put into thimerosal before being bound and impregnated；The diameter of stock soil ball
8-10 times (in order to improve the survival rate of stock) for the stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground；It is more than in the stock soil ball root system wound diameter of digging
The tree root incision of 1.5cm smears wound healing spirit.
Further, the preferred stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 4-5cm, and stock soil ball diameter is 40-50cm.
(3) it is colonized：In in late October, 2015, after being sprinkled into the earth's surface mellow soil of 10-20cm in tree well bottom, by stock soil ball
It after being put into tree well, then will be filled up with mellow soil, consolidated, righting in tree well, tamping, after carrying out pouring root with taking root liquid, watering is watered
It irrigates.
(4) it grafts：After second year spring stock slow seedling survives, transferred in late April to mid-April using cut-grafting method
It connects, 1.6-2.5 meters of grafting height.
Using cut-grafting method grafted the specific steps are：
Handle stock：In stock trunk in the position of design height, choose smooth, straight place and block, and scabble section, protect
It is smooth to hold section, it is impossible to have Splitting；And the side shoot below stock grafting position will all be rejected；
Choose scion：The scion from the bearing tree that robust growth, best in quality, character are stablized, choose in tree crown, on
The development of portion periphery is enriched, sprout is full, no disease and pests harm, the annotinous branch that has no mechanical damage are as scion；
Handle scion：By scion from the bud position back side nearest away from lower cut, with grafting knife to inscribe up to xylem, immediately to
Lower cutting on earth, cuts into the long bevel of the long 2-3cm in section, is in the distance that its rear end is whittled into upper cut to lower cut
The small inclined-plane of 0.8-1cm；
Grafting：Cut vertically downward on stock cross section, deep 2-3cm, and slightly xylem, by the long bevel in scion to
In be inserted into stock notch, top expose 0.1-0.3cm bevel；
Grafting part is tightened from bottom to top with plastic tape, touches forming layer, stock top incision is sealed with paraffin, then
Bagging is put on, and binds consolidation.
In grafting procedures, incision of the incisional wounds more than 1.5cm of stock trunk or side shoot smears wound healing spirit；
Cutter used in grafting procedures dries after being impregnated in thimerosal to be operated again, and the hand of grafting personnel also exists
It slightly impregnates in thimerosal and is operated again.
(5) field management：Through normal bud picking, except sprouting after grafting, the initial stage that scion is survived and grown is aerated, puts bag, when
Young sprout carries out pinching when growing to 15-20cm, pinching 1-2 times promotes side shoot to sprout so that the crown type of trees is reasonably distributed uniformly.
(6) it is shaped into tree：Nursery stock after grafting is by the desinsection of a growth cycle (i.e. 1 year), diseases prevention, top dressing, pine
After soil, weeding, pinching and cut operation, make direction growth and shaping of the scion according to design appearance requirement；
Before spring next year leaf is sprouted, whole trimming is carried out to the trees of grafting according to tree vigo(u)r, desinsection is carried out at the same time, prevents
Disease top dressing, is loosened the soil, the maintenance work of weeding.
A kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head of the present invention, the grafting skill which passes through grafting high and changing head
Art is made decomposite leaf elm, long shoot elm, Huang Yu, circle hat elm, black elm, pumila, red elm, can be molded with 2 years, rapid shaping reduces plantation
Cost so as to reduce greening cost, and can make a variety of moulding, fully show its ornamental value, expand its application；The training
It educates that method is simple, survival rate is high, more than 90% can be reached, be easy to be extended and applied.
Embodiment 2.
The present embodiment was carried out in 2015-2017, grafted 500 plants altogether, grafting is the gold leaf Chinese wax and red of yellow
Purple leaf Chinese wax, each 250 plants of grafting, survival rate is followed successively by 92%, 92.8%, graft survival rate 92.4%.
(1) planting site be selected in topography it is flat, have irrigation conditions nursery lot, after nursery lot is chosen, soil is first sprayed
Then herbicide and grass seeds inhibitor carry out soil deep plough, rotary tillage, rake, sterilize, the operations such as desinsection processing, in planting site
On ridged, be furrow, the high 30cm in the ridge, the wide 3m of furrow；Dig tree well on plot of land, the spacing in the rows between tree well is 2m, line-spacing 2m, tree
The diameter in hole is bigger 30-50cm than stock soil ball diameter, and the depth of tree well is more than the 20-30cm of stock original soil bulb diameter.
Further, a diameter of 70cm of preferred tree well, depth 60cm.
(2) seedling is selected：Trunk is selected to lead to, and straight, bark is smooth, growing way is vigorous, side shoot is few, is damaged without pest and disease damage, without machinery
Wound, diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 3-10cm, clear bole height degree are stock in the Largeleaf Chinese Ash of more than 2.3m, and digging the last week carries out selected stock
Watering, the complete stock soil ball of digging root system bind the stock soil ball dug out according to real requirement is tightened with straw rope,
Binding straw rope used is first put into thimerosal before being bound to be impregnated；The 8-10 of a diameter of stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of stock soil ball
Again (in order to improve the survival rate of stock)；It is applied in tree root incision of the stock soil ball root system wound diameter of digging more than 1.5cm
Smear wound healing spirit.
Further, the preferred stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 4-5cm, and stock soil ball diameter is 40-50cm.
(3) it is colonized：In late October, after being sprinkled into the earth's surface mellow soil of 10-20cm in tree well bottom, stock soil ball is put into tree
It after in hole, then will be filled up with mellow soil, consolidated, righting in tree well, tamping after carrying out pouring root with taking root liquid, is watered, and watering will pour
Thoroughly.
(4) it grafts：After second year spring stock slow seedling survives, transferred in late April to mid-April using cut-grafting method
It connects, 1.6-2.5 meters of grafting height.
Using cut-grafting method grafted the specific steps are：
Handle stock：In Largeleaf Chinese Ash stock trunk in the position of design height, choose smooth, straight place and block, and cut
Flat section keeps section smooth, it is impossible to have Splitting；And the side shoot below stock grafting position will all be rejected；
Choose scion：The scion from the bearing tree that robust growth, best in quality, character are stablized, choose in tree crown, on
The development of portion periphery is enriched, sprout is full, no disease and pests harm, the annotinous branch that has no mechanical damage are as scion；
Handle scion：By scion from the bud position back side nearest away from lower cut, with grafting knife to inscribe up to xylem, immediately to
Lower cutting on earth, cuts into the long bevel of the long 2-3cm in section, is in the distance that its rear end is whittled into upper cut to lower cut
The small inclined-plane of 0.8-1cm；
Grafting：Cut vertically downward on stock cross section, deep 2-3cm, and slightly xylem, by the long bevel in scion to
In be inserted into stock notch, top expose 0.1-0.3cm bevel；
Grafting part is tightened from bottom to top with plastic tape, touches forming layer, stock top incision is sealed with paraffin, then
Bagging is put on, and binds consolidation.
In grafting procedures, incision of the incisional wounds more than 1.5cm of stock trunk or side shoot smears wound healing spirit；
Cutter used in grafting procedures dries after being impregnated in thimerosal to be operated again, and the hand of grafting personnel also exists
It slightly impregnates in thimerosal and is operated again.
(5) field management：Through normal bud picking, except sprouting after grafting, the initial stage that scion is survived and grown is aerated, puts bag, when
Young sprout carries out pinching when growing to 15-20cm, pinching 1-2 times promotes side shoot to sprout so that the crown type of trees is reasonably distributed uniformly.
(6) it is shaped into tree：Nursery stock after grafting is by the desinsection of a growth cycle (i.e. 1 year), diseases prevention, top dressing, pine
After soil, weeding, pinching and cut operation, make direction growth and shaping of the scion according to design appearance requirement；
Before spring next year leaf is sprouted, whole trimming is carried out to the trees of grafting according to tree vigo(u)r, desinsection is carried out at the same time, prevents
Disease top dressing, is loosened the soil, the maintenance work of weeding.
A kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head of the present invention, the grafting skill which passes through grafting high and changing head
Art makes gold leaf Chinese wax and purple leaf Chinese wax, can be molded with 2 years, and rapid shaping reduces planting cost, so as to reduce greening cost, and
And a variety of moulding can be made, it fully shows its ornamental value, expands its application；The breeding method is simple, survival rate is high, can be with
Reach more than 90%, be easy to be extended and applied.
Embodiment 3.
The present embodiment was carried out in 2015-2017, grafted 300 plants altogether, grafting is the gold leaf Acer negundo. L of yellow, is grafted into
Motility rate is 90.3%.
(1) planting site be selected in topography it is flat, have irrigation conditions nursery lot, after nursery lot is chosen, soil is first sprayed
Then herbicide and grass seeds inhibitor carry out soil deep plough, rotary tillage, rake, sterilize, the operations such as desinsection processing, in planting site
On ridged, be furrow, the high 30cm in the ridge, the wide 3m of furrow；Dig tree well on plot of land, the spacing in the rows between tree well is 1m, line-spacing 1m, tree
The diameter in hole is bigger 30-50cm than stock soil ball diameter, and the depth of tree well is more than the 20-30cm of stock original soil bulb diameter.
Further, a diameter of 70cm of preferred tree well, depth 60cm.
(2) seedling is selected：Trunk is selected to lead to, and straight, bark is smooth, growing way is vigorous, side shoot is few, is damaged without pest and disease damage, without machinery
Wound, diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 3-10cm, Acer negundo. L of the clear bole height degree in more than 2.3m is stock, and digging the last week pours selected stock
Water, the complete stock soil ball of digging root system bind the stock soil ball dug out according to real requirement is tightened with straw rope, tie up
It pricks straw rope used and is first put into thimerosal before being bound and impregnated；8-10 times of a diameter of stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of stock soil ball
(in order to improve the survival rate of stock)；It is smeared in tree root incision of the stock soil ball root system wound diameter of digging more than 1.5cm
Wound healing spirit.
Further, the preferred stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 4-5cm, and stock soil ball diameter is 40-50cm.
(3) it is colonized：In late October, after being sprinkled into the earth's surface mellow soil of 10-20cm in tree well bottom, stock soil ball is put into tree
It after in hole, then will be filled up with mellow soil, consolidated, righting in tree well, tamping after carrying out pouring root with taking root liquid, is watered, and watering will pour
Thoroughly.
(4) it grafts：After second year spring stock slow seedling survives, transferred in late April to mid-April using cut-grafting method
It connects, 1.6-2.5 meters of grafting height；
Using cut-grafting method grafted the specific steps are：
Handle stock：Acer negundo. L stock trunk in the position of design height, choose smooth, straight place and block, and cut
Flat section keeps section smooth, it is impossible to have Splitting；And the side shoot below stock grafting position will all be rejected；
Choose scion：The scion is from the gold leaf Acer negundo. L bearing tree that robust growth, best in quality, character are stablized, choosing
It takes in tree crown, top peripheral development is enriched, sprout is full, no disease and pests harm, the annual gold leaf ash-leaf maple having no mechanical damage
As scion；
Handle scion：By the scion of gold leaf Acer negundo. L from the bud position back side nearest away from lower cut, wood is reached to inscribe with grafting knife
Matter portion, immediately down-cutting on earth, cut into the long bevel of the long 2-3cm in section, upper cut are whittled into incision in its rear end
The distance of mouth is the small inclined-plane of 0.8-1cm；
Grafting：Cut vertically downward on stock cross section, deep 2-3cm, and slightly xylem, by the long bevel in scion to
In be inserted into stock notch, top expose 0.1-0.3cm bevel；
Grafting part is tightened from bottom to top with plastic tape, touches forming layer, stock top incision is sealed with paraffin, then
Bagging is put on, and binds consolidation.
In grafting procedures, incision of the incisional wounds more than 1.5cm of stock trunk or side shoot smears wound healing spirit；
Cutter used in grafting procedures dries after being impregnated in thimerosal to be operated again, and the hand of grafting personnel also exists
It slightly impregnates in thimerosal and is operated again.
(5) field management：Through normal bud picking, except sprouting after grafting, the initial stage that scion is survived and grown is aerated, puts bag, when
Young sprout carries out pinching when growing to 15-20cm, pinching 1-2 times promotes side shoot to sprout so that the crown type of trees is reasonably distributed uniformly.
(6) it is shaped into tree：Nursery stock after grafting is by the desinsection of a growth cycle (i.e. 1 year), diseases prevention, top dressing, pine
After soil, weeding, pinching and cut operation, make direction growth and shaping of the scion according to design appearance requirement；
Before spring next year leaf is sprouted, whole trimming is carried out to the trees of grafting according to tree vigo(u)r, desinsection is carried out at the same time, prevents
Disease top dressing, is loosened the soil, the maintenance work of weeding.
A kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head of the present invention, the grafting skill which passes through grafting high and changing head
Art, makes gold leaf Acer negundo. L, is molded within 2 years, can reduce planting cost with rapid shaping, so as to reduce greening cost, and can be with
A variety of moulding are made, fully show its ornamental value, expand its application；The breeding method is simple, survival rate is high, can reach
More than 90%, it is easy to be extended and applied.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, not makees any shape to the embodiment of the present invention
Limitation in formula, the technical spirit of embodiment makees above example according to the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations
With modification, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of breeding method of trees grafting high and changing head, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) it ridged on planting site, do furrow, tree well is dug on plot of land, the diameter of tree well is bigger 30- than stock soil ball diameter
50cm；
(2) seedling is selected：Selection trunk lead to straight, bark is smooth, growing way is vigorous, side shoot is few, without pest and disease damage, without the anvil of mechanical damage
Wood, the complete stock soil ball of digging root system, 8-10 times of a diameter of stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of stock soil ball；
(3) it is colonized：In late October, after being sprinkled into the earth's surface mellow soil of 10-20cm in tree well bottom, stock soil ball is put into tree well
Afterwards, then with mellow soil it will fill up, consolidate, righting in tree well, tamping, after carrying out pouring root with taking root liquid, watering；
(4) it grafts：After second year spring stock slow seedling survives, grafted in late April to mid-April using cut-grafting method,
1.6-2.5 meters of grafting height；The side shoot below stock grafting position is all rejected before grafting；
In grafting procedures, incision of the incisional wounds more than 1.5cm of stock trunk or side shoot smears wound healing spirit；
(5) field management：Through normal bud picking, except sprouting after grafting, the initial stage that scion is survived and grown is aerated, puts bag, works as young sprout
Pinching, pinching 1-2 times are carried out when growing to 15-20cm；
(6) it is shaped into tree：Nursery stock after grafting by a growth cycle desinsection, diseases prevention, top dressing, loosen the soil, weeding, pinching
After cut operation, make direction growth and shaping of the scion according to design appearance requirement；
Before spring next year leaf is sprouted, whole trimming carries out the trees of grafting according to tree vigo(u)r, be carried out at the same time desinsection, diseases prevention,
Top dressing is loosened the soil, the maintenance work of weeding；
Wherein, when the stock is American elm, scion is decomposite leaf elm, long shoot elm, Huang Yu, circle hat elm, black elm, pumila or red elm；
When the stock is Largeleaf Chinese Ash, scion is gold leaf Chinese wax or purple leaf Chinese wax；
When the stock is Acer negundo. L, scion is gold leaf Acer negundo. L.
2. breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein,
In the step (1), the planting site is selected in the flat nursery lot of topography, after carrying out weeding processing to nursery lot, then into
Row deep plough rotary tillage, rakes, sterilizes, desinsection processing.
3. breeding method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that wherein,
The depth of the tree well is more than the 20-30cm of stock soil ball diameter；
The high 30cm in the ridge, the wide 3m of furrow.
4. breeding method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that wherein,
The weeding processing is to spray herbicide and grass seeds inhibitor to soil.
5. breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein,
In the step (2), smear wound in tree root incision of the stock soil ball root system wound diameter of digging more than 1.5cm and be cured
Close spirit；
The stock soil ball dug out is bound with the straw rope after disinfection.
6. breeding method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that wherein,
In the step (2), digging the last week waters to selected stock；
The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of the stock is 3-10cm.
7. breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein,
In the step (4), using cut-grafting method grafted the specific steps are：
Handle stock：It is blocked in stock trunk in the position of design height, and scabbles section, keep section smooth；
Handle scion：By scion from the bud position back side nearest away from lower cut, to inscribe up to xylem, down-cutting immediately on earth,
The long bevel of the long 2-3cm in section is cut into, is the small oblique of 0.8-1cm in the distance that its rear end is whittled into upper cut to lower cut
Face；
Grafting：It is cut vertically downward on stock cross section, deep 2-3cm, the long bevel in scion is inserted into stock notch inwards, on
Expose the bevel of 0.1-0.3cm in portion；
With plastic tape grafting part is tightened from bottom to top, then put on bagging, and bind consolidation.
8. breeding method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that wherein,
Stock top notch is sealed with paraffin.
9. breeding method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that wherein,
The scion is chosen in tree crown, top peripheral development is filled from the bearing tree that robust growth, best in quality, character are stablized
It is real, sprout is full, no disease and pests harm, the annotinous branch that has no mechanical damage are as scion.
10. breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein,
In the step (1), a diameter of 70cm of the tree well, depth 60cm；
In the step (2), the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of stock is 4-5cm, and for clear bole height degree in more than 2.3m, stock soil ball diameter is 40-50cm.
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| CN109197203A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-15 | 肖圣雄 | A kind of vegetational zone leaf engrafting method |
| CN112385463A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-23 | 张殿武 | New grafting tree species of yellow elm yurt and grafting cultivation technology thereof |
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