CN110024924A - 一种紫薯花青素功能饮料及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种紫薯花青素功能饮料及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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Abstract
一种紫薯花青素功能饮料及其制作方法,具体步骤包括:选择新鲜紫薯作为原料,清洗,去皮,经破碎打浆,液化,榨汁,过滤,二次榨汁,糖化,澄清,真空浓缩,制得紫薯浓缩汁,罐装备用;将新鲜的枸杞经分选,秤量,漂洗,预灭菌,磨碎,粗滤,细滤,破碎打浆,过滤,制得枸杞浓缩汁,罐装备用;以紫薯浓缩汁和枸杞浓缩汁为原料,在可溶性固形物含量为10‑14°Brix条件下调配获得花青素功能性果汁。本发明通过将紫薯进行果汁化,加入黄芪和枸杞等调料,使得花青素功能性饮料具有抗癌、抗衰老、降血糖、预防糖尿病肾损害等众多保健功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工,具体涉及一种紫薯花青素功能饮料及其制作方法。
背景技术
功能性饮料是指不以治疗疾病为目的,由天然营养素含量组成的调整比例的饮料,能满足一些特殊人群的营养需求,为特定的人群饮用,能够调节人体机体功能,主要有营养饮料、运动饮料和其他特殊用途饮料等。具有抗疲劳、补充能量、增加营养元素等主要功能。部分功能性饮料含有钾、钠、钙、等多种电解质,饮用后可以迅速被人体吸收,及时补充人体因水分流失和大量汗液电解质(盐),使体液平衡。目前,功能饮料行业蓬勃发展,在我国越来越受到健康人士喜爱,功能性饮料的市场前景十分广阔。
紫薯,属于旋花科植物,被子植物,它是一种薯皮深紫色,肉质紫色到深紫色甘薯新品种。紫甘薯不仅具有普通甘薯的营养成分,而且含有丰富的花色苷色素、硒、植物蛋白、维生素和矿物质等营养物质。
黄芪或膜夹黄芪豆科植物,不温不火味补气固表,具有利尿,消肿,出汗排毒,生肌的作用。黄芪有效成分为皂苷、黄酮和多糖。黄芪总黄酮和总皂苷含量具有明显的抗氧化活性,能延长细胞寿命。
枸杞是由食品和药品卫生部公布的是一种健康食品资源,营养包括甜菜碱、玉蜀黍黄素、酸的红色色素,枸杞多糖、胡萝卜素、核黄素、烟酸、维生素C、钙、铁、磷等营养物质,这些物质具有明显的生物活性和生理功能。
采用本发明方法制备出的花青素功能性饮料,食用更加方便,营养价值更为丰富,给予消费者在果汁饮用领域多一种健康选择。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种紫薯花青素功能饮料及其制作方法,其产品中花青素含量、自由基清除率、总黄酮含量指标均明显高于市售其他同类型饮料,营养保健价值更高。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明的技术方案具体如下:
一种紫薯花青素功能饮料的制作方法,包括步骤:
S1:选择新鲜紫薯作为原料,清洗,去皮,经破碎打浆,液化,榨汁,过滤,二次榨汁,糖化,澄清,真空浓缩,制得紫薯浓缩汁,罐装备用;
S2:将新鲜的枸杞经分选,秤量,漂洗,预灭菌,磨碎,粗滤,细滤,破碎打浆,过滤,制得枸杞浓缩汁,罐装备用;
S3:以紫薯浓缩汁和枸杞浓缩汁为原料,在可溶性固形物含量为10-14°Brix条件下调配获得花青素功能性果汁,其中,紫薯浓缩汁的重量份为20-30份,枸杞浓缩汁的重量份为20-30份,黄芪提取物10-15份,柠檬酸2-3份,CMC 3-5份,蜂蜜5-10份;
S4:调配后的花青素功能性果汁经杀菌,灌装,封口,得花青素功能性饮料。
作为本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤S1具体包括:
S1-1:将清洗后的新鲜紫薯进行破碎,在紫薯破碎后向其中添加其质量1-2倍的温度为80-95℃的水,并同时按照3-5×104U/kg的添加量加入耐高温α-淀粉酶,在温度为95℃的条件下酶解1.5-2小时;
S1-2:将酶解后的紫薯浆送入榨汁机进行第一次压榨,并将压榨所得的薯渣按照水:渣=2:1的比例加入45-50℃的水重悬浸提30min后进行第二次压榨,合并两次压榨的紫薯汁后过滤;
S1-3:利用柠檬酸调节紫薯汁pH至5.0,添加4-4.5×105U/kg的糖化酶,在酶解温度为50-55℃的条件下糖化酶解2小时;
S1-4:将糖化后的紫薯汁采用柠檬酸将pH调节至4.0,添加1.5-2×105U/kg的果胶酶,在酶解温度为30的条件下酶解1小时;
S1-5:向酶解结束后的紫薯汁添加膨润土,以紫薯汁的体积计,膨润土的添加量为500-800mg/L,再加入活性炭,以紫薯汁的体积计,活性炭的添加量为300-400mg/L,之后搅拌后静置,过滤,收集滤液得清汁;
S1-6:在温度不高于55℃的真空环境下浓缩清汁至5-7倍,之后进行瞬时杀菌,杀菌温度为90-95℃,杀菌时间为30-60s,杀菌后冷却至常温,罐装备用。
作为本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤S2具体包括:以枸杞为原料,经以下步骤制备枸杞浓缩汁:
S2-1:将枸杞经果实分选、秤量、漂洗;
S2-2:在枸杞中加入等量的水,加热,沸腾后保持3-5分钟;
S2-3:将灭酶后的物料放凉至45-50℃后,将物料输送至磨碎机中,连续研磨得到红色浆状物,使得果肉、果皮、少量种子及纤维物被磨碎成微小颗粒;
S2-4:将磨碎处理后的物料流经刮板式过滤机进行分离,滤网孔径为0.5mm,细滤是将粗滤后的物料由泵打入离心式过滤机中进行分离,滤网孔径为0.16mm(80目);
S2-5:将细滤后的物料加入胶体磨中再次粉碎,调节研磨细度至10μm,使物料颗粒度小于30μm;
S2-6:将步骤S2-5得到的物料使用绢布一次细滤,并装入已灭菌的空瓶中,实瓶经蒸汽80-85℃,15-20分钟灭菌,罐装备用。
作为本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤S4具体包括:将调配后的紫薯汁复配果汁进行瞬时杀菌,杀菌温度为90-95℃,杀菌时间为30-60s,然后在无菌环境下灌装封口,制得紫薯汁复配果汁饮料。
作为本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤S3中,紫薯浓缩汁的重量份为25份,枸杞浓缩汁的重量份为28份,黄芪提取物12份,柠檬酸2.5份,CMC 4份,蜂蜜7份。
由上述花青素功能性饮料的制作方法所制备的花青素功能性饮料。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明提供了一种新型的花青素功能性饮料;
(2)本发明的花青素功能性饮料具有很好的营养保健价值,所采用的紫薯汁富含硒和花青素,黄芪具有利尿,消肿,出汗排毒,生肌的作用,枸杞具有抗肿瘤、抗衰老、抗疲劳、降血脂、降血糖、调节免疫等多重保健功能,使得花青素功能性饮料具有抗癌、抗衰老、降血糖、预防糖尿病肾损害等众多保健功能;
(3)本发明通过将紫薯和枸杞进行果汁化,在保证紫薯和枸杞营养价值的前提下饮用更加方便,紫薯和枸杞深加工产业化更加丰富;
(4)本发明通过将紫薯汁与枸杞汁混合调配,再加入蜂蜜、黄芪等调料,能够获得色泽均匀、酸甜适口,口感滑润的花青素功能性饮料,避免的个别消费者对纯紫薯汁饮用时的不友好感。
具体实施方式
实施例
一种以紫薯汁复配枸杞子的复配果汁饮料,其制作方法为:
1.紫薯浓缩汁的制备:
选择新鲜紫薯作为原料,清洗,去皮,经破碎打浆,液化,榨汁,过滤,二次榨汁,糖化,澄清,真空浓缩,制得紫薯浓缩汁,罐装备用。具体操作步骤为:
S1-1:将清洗后的新鲜紫薯进行破碎,在紫薯破碎后向其中添加其质量1-2倍的温度为80-95℃的水,并同时按照3-5×104U/kg的添加量加入耐高温α-淀粉酶,在温度为95℃的条件下酶解1.5-2小时;
S1-2:将酶解后的紫薯浆送入榨汁机进行第一次压榨,并将压榨所得的薯渣按照水:渣=2:1的比例加入45-50℃的水重悬浸提30min后进行第二次压榨,合并两次压榨的紫薯汁后过滤;
S1-3:利用柠檬酸调节紫薯汁pH至5.0,添加4-4.5×105U/kg的糖化酶,在酶解温度为50-55℃的条件下糖化酶解2小时;
S1-4:将糖化后的紫薯汁采用柠檬酸将pH调节至4.0,添加1.5-2×105U/kg的果胶酶,在酶解温度为30的条件下酶解1小时;
S1-5:向酶解结束后的紫薯汁添加膨润土,以紫薯汁的体积计,膨润土的添加量为500-800mg/L,再加入活性炭,以紫薯汁的体积计,活性炭的添加量为300-400mg/L,之后搅拌后静置,过滤,收集滤液得清汁;
S1-6:在温度不高于55℃的真空环境下浓缩清汁至5-7倍,之后进行瞬时杀菌,杀菌温度为90-95℃,杀菌时间为30-60s,杀菌后冷却至常温,罐装备用。
2.枸杞浓缩汁的制备:
将新鲜的枸杞经分选,秤量,漂洗,预灭菌,磨碎,粗滤,细滤,破碎打浆,过滤,制得枸杞浓缩汁,罐装备用。具体操作步骤为:
S2-1:将枸杞经果实分选、秤量、漂洗;
S2-2:在枸杞中加入等量的水,加热,沸腾后保持3-5分钟;
S2-3:将灭酶后的物料放凉至45-50℃后,将物料输送至磨碎机中,连续研磨得到红色浆状物,使得果肉、果皮、少量种子及纤维物被磨碎成微小颗粒;
S2-4:将磨碎处理后的物料流经刮板式过滤机进行分离,滤网孔径为0.5mm,细滤是将粗滤后的物料由泵打入离心式过滤机中进行分离,滤网孔径为0.16mm(80目);
S2-5:将细滤后的物料加入胶体磨中再次粉碎,调节研磨细度至10μ,使物料颗粒度小于30μ;
S2-6:将步骤S2-5得到的物料使用绢布一次细滤,并装入已灭菌的空瓶中,实瓶经蒸汽80-85℃,15-20分钟灭菌,罐装备用。
3.花青素功能性饮料的调配
以第1和第2步完成后获得的紫薯浓缩汁和枸杞浓缩汁为主要原料,在可溶性固形物含量为12°Brix条件下,按照不同方案制作产品。
4.灭菌冷却
将调配后花青素功能性饮料进行瞬时杀菌,温度为90-95℃,时间30-60s,然后在无菌环境下灌装,封口。
以上述紫薯花青素功能饮料的制备方案制作紫薯花青素功能饮料产品,取6个因素及其3个水平(分别为紫薯汁与水比例1:6、1:7、1:8,蜂蜜添加量2%、3%、4%,枸杞多糖添量0.8%、1.0%、1.2%,黄芪提取物添加量0.3%、0.5%、0.7%,柠檬酸添加量0.01%、0.02%、0.03%,CMC添加量0.1%、0.2%、0.3%)做正交实验设计,见表1,正交实验结果见表2,
表1配方正交实验因素与水平
表2配方正交表试验结果
由正交实验结果可知:
较优水平:A3、B2、C2、E3、F2;最终结果验证后评分为85.997分。
由极差结果得到:B>A>E>C>F>D,说明蜂蜜和紫薯浓缩汁的添加比例对花青素功能性饮料的感官影响比较高、枸杞多糖和柠檬酸的添加量次之,CMC和黄芪提取物影响较小。最后得到的最佳方案为:A3、B2、C2、D2、E3、F2。本产品每100毫升有紫薯浓缩汁11.12ml、蜂蜜3ml、枸杞多糖1g、黄芪提取物0.5g、柠檬酸0.03g、CMC0.2g。
Claims (6)
1.一种紫薯花青素功能饮料的制作方法,其特征在于,包括步骤:
S1:选择新鲜紫薯作为原料,清洗,去皮,经破碎打浆,液化,榨汁,过滤,二次榨汁,糖化,澄清,真空浓缩,制得紫薯浓缩汁,罐装备用;
S2:将新鲜的枸杞经分选,秤量,漂洗,预灭菌,磨碎,粗滤,细滤,破碎打浆,过滤,制得枸杞浓缩汁,罐装备用;
S3:以紫薯浓缩汁和枸杞浓缩汁为原料,在可溶性固形物含量为10-14°Brix条件下调配获得花青素功能性果汁,其中,紫薯浓缩汁的重量份为20-30份,枸杞浓缩汁的重量份为20-30份,黄芪提取物10-15份,柠檬酸2-3份,CMC3-5份,蜂蜜5-10份;
S4:调配后的花青素功能性果汁经杀菌,灌装,封口,得花青素功能性饮料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种紫薯花青素功能饮料的制作方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1具体包括:
S1-1:将清洗后的新鲜紫薯进行破碎,在紫薯破碎后向其中添加其质量1-2倍的温度为80-95℃的水,并同时按照3-5×104U/kg的添加量加入耐高温α-淀粉酶,在温度为95℃的条件下酶解1.5-2小时;
S1-2:将酶解后的紫薯浆送入榨汁机进行第一次压榨,并将压榨所得的薯渣按照水:渣=2:1的比例加入45-50℃的水重悬浸提30min后进行第二次压榨,合并两次压榨的紫薯汁后过滤;
S1-3:利用柠檬酸调节紫薯汁pH至5.0,添加4-4.5×105U/kg的糖化酶,在酶解温度为50-55℃的条件下糖化酶解2小时;
S1-4:将糖化后的紫薯汁采用柠檬酸将pH调节至4.0,添加1.5-2×105U/kg的果胶酶,在酶解温度为30的条件下酶解1小时;
S1-5:向酶解结束后的紫薯汁添加膨润土,以紫薯汁的体积计,膨润土的添加量为500-800mg/L,再加入活性炭,以紫薯汁的体积计,活性炭的添加量为300-400mg/L,之后搅拌后静置,过滤,收集滤液得清汁;
S1-6:在温度不高于55℃的真空环境下浓缩清汁至5-7倍,之后进行瞬时杀菌,杀菌温度为90-95℃,杀菌时间为30-60s,杀菌后冷却至常温,罐装备用。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种紫薯花青素功能饮料的制作方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2具体包括:以枸杞为原料,经以下步骤制备枸杞浓缩汁:
S2-1:将枸杞经果实分选、秤量、漂洗;
S2-2:在枸杞中加入等量的水,加热,沸腾后保持3-5分钟;
S2-3:将灭酶后的物料放凉至45-50℃后,将物料输送至磨碎机中,连续研磨得到红色浆状物,使得果肉、果皮、少量种子及纤维物被磨碎成微小颗粒;
S2-4:将磨碎处理后的物料流经刮板式过滤机进行分离,滤网孔径为0.5mm,细滤是将粗滤后的物料由泵打入离心式过滤机中进行分离,滤网孔径为0.16mm(80目);
S2-5:将细滤后的物料加入胶体磨中再次粉碎,调节研磨细度至10μ,使物料颗粒度小于30μ;
S2-6:将步骤S2-5得到的物料使用绢布一次细滤,并装入已灭菌的空瓶中,实瓶经蒸汽80-85℃,15-20分钟灭菌,罐装备用。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种紫薯花青素功能饮料的制作方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4具体包括:将调配后的紫薯汁复配果汁进行瞬时杀菌,杀菌温度为90-95℃,杀菌时间为30-60s,然后在无菌环境下灌装封口,制得紫薯汁复配果汁饮料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种紫薯花青素功能饮料的制作方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中,紫薯浓缩汁的重量份为25份,枸杞浓缩汁的重量份为28份,黄芪提取物12份,柠檬酸2.5份,CMC4份,蜂蜜7份。
6.由以上任一权利要求所述的花青素功能性饮料的制作方法所制备的花青素功能性饮料。
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