CN110012690B - Method for improving acidified soil property suitable for tea garden - Google Patents
Method for improving acidified soil property suitable for tea garden Download PDFInfo
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- CN110012690B CN110012690B CN201910420240.XA CN201910420240A CN110012690B CN 110012690 B CN110012690 B CN 110012690B CN 201910420240 A CN201910420240 A CN 201910420240A CN 110012690 B CN110012690 B CN 110012690B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/04—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only applied in a physical form other than a solution or a grout, e.g. as granules or gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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Abstract
The invention discloses an acidified soil quality improvement method suitable for a tea garden. Through the mode that the tea garden pH value distributes of sample survey, use the solid-state base fertilizer of different volume to the region of different pH values to set up different adjustment coefficient according to the difference of soil property, adopt the mode of balanced formula when administering the acidizing soil property before the change, formulate differentiation rather than unified scheme before the acidizing improvement, more can adapt to the acidizing soil property improvement in more regional tea gardens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tea planting soil improvement, and particularly relates to an acidified soil quality improvement method suitable for a tea garden.
Background
The tea trees are typical acid-loving crops, and the suitable pH value of the tea trees is 4.5-5.5. After the tea trees are planted, the soil can be gradually acidified due to physiological effects of organic acid secretion and the like of the tea trees; acid rain, excessive application of fertilizers, particularly urea and ammonium nitrogen fertilizers, can aggravate soil acidification. Research shows that at present, the pH value of about one third of soil is less than 4.0.
Tea tree is a sour-loving crop, but when the pH value is less than 4.0, the root tip is atrophied, the growth is inhibited, at the moment, the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by the tea tree is sharply reduced, the germination is retarded, and the growth of young shoots is slow. In addition, excessive acidification can also lead to the improvement of the bioavailability of heavy metal elements such as lead in the soil, thereby affecting the safety quality and the quality of the tea.
For the soil acidification improvement technology, measures such as applying dolomite powder and quicklime are mainly adopted to neutralize soil acidity, and a mode of uniformly spreading on the soil surface is adopted. This is possible for farmland soil or dry land soil for planting annual or biennial crops. However, for perennial tea garden soil, the method has a certain effect but poor effect because the pH value of different positions of the soil is greatly different.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for improving acidified soil quality suitable for a tea garden.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an acidified soil property improving method suitable for a tea garden comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring the pH value of the soil of the tea garden
Sampling the tea tree soil of each row or every fixed row at intervals, and determining the distribution of the pH value of the tea garden soil in the tea garden;
s2: excavating fertilization groove
Digging a fertilization groove between two rows of tea trees, wherein the fertilization groove comprises a main groove located in the middle of the two rows of tea trees and a plurality of capillary grooves connected with the main groove, the main groove and the capillary grooves jointly form a fishbone-shaped or fence-shaped fertilization groove, the width of the main groove is 10-25 cm, the depth of the main groove is 10-30 cm, the width of the capillary grooves is 5-10 cm, and the depth of the capillary grooves is 20-40 cm;
s3: applying solid base fertilizer
Paving 5-10 cm of active carbon in the main groove, and paving 2-5 cm of plant ash in the main groove; paving 5-10 cm of activated carbon in the capillary groove, setting a pH value of an adjusting target as a, setting a pH value of the current soil as b, and setting the thickness M of plant ash in the capillary groove as n (a-b) 2.5cm, wherein n is an adjusting coefficient with the value of 0.5-0.8;
s4: applying liquid organic fertilizer
After 3-5 days of laying the solid base fertilizer, applying an organic fertilizer added with slaked lime and dolomite dust in the main grooves, wherein the slaked lime is completely dissolved in the organic fertilizer, and the using amount of the dolomite dust is 220-250 kg per hectare of the tea garden;
s5: watering
And (3) watering the main groove if no rainfall occurs within 5-10 days after the liquid organic fertilizer is used until all the organic fertilizer in the main groove enters the capillary groove.
Further, the sampling in the step S1 includes sampling five points in total, namely two ends, a middle point and a quarter of a line of tea trees, wherein the sampling soil depth is 10-15 cm, and the number of sampling points in each hectare of the tea garden is not more than 20.
Further, in the step S2, the distance between two rows of tea trees exceeds 60-100 cm, the number of the main grooves is two, and the distance between the main grooves and the tea trees is 10-30 cm.
Further, in step S3, the adjustment target pH is set not to exceed 6.
Further, in the step S3, after the plant ash is paved, a layer of plant ash of 0.5-2 cm is uniformly sprayed on the soil surface layer of the whole tea garden.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the method uses the solid base fertilizers with different amounts for areas with different pH values by sampling and measuring the pH value distribution of the tea garden, sets different adjustment coefficients according to different soil qualities, changes the prior mode of adopting a balanced mode when treating the acidified soil qualities, makes a differentiated rather than unified scheme before the acidified soil quality is improved, and is more suitable for the acidified soil quality improvement of the tea garden in more areas;
2) the main groove is deeper than the capillary groove, so that liquid organic fertilizer can be conveniently poured in the main groove, the main groove is wider than the capillary groove, the organic fertilizer can be conveniently stored, and the eutrophication caused by one-time excessive fertilization can be changed along with the fact that rainwater and the like enter the capillary groove again in the subsequent watering or rainfall;
3) the active carbon is matched with the plant ash, the plant ash can improve the pH value of soil and neutralize acidic substances in organic fertilizers, the influence of fertilization on the soil is reduced, the active carbon can store redundant nutrient substances and can adsorb heavy metal ions in the soil, the heavy metal ions are prevented from entering tea trees, and the heavy metal content in the tea leaves is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fence-like fertilizing groove structure in accordance with one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fishbone fertilizing groove according to one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fence-like fertilizing groove structure in the second embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fishbone fertilizing groove according to the second embodiment;
in the figure, 1-main groove, 2-capillary groove, 3-tea tree.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution by using a certain tea garden in the country of success as an implementation object:
an acidified soil property improving method suitable for a tea garden comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring the pH value of the soil of the tea garden
Sampling the soil texture of the tea trees 3 in each row or at intervals of a fixed number of rows, and determining the distribution of the pH value of the soil texture of the tea garden in the tea garden; sampling comprises sampling five points in total, namely two ends, a middle point and a quarter of a row of tea trees 3, wherein the sampling soil depth is 10cm, and 20 sampling points are provided for each hectare of tea garden.
S2: excavating fertilization groove
The method comprises the following steps of excavating a fertilization groove between two lines of tea trees 3, wherein the fertilization groove comprises a main groove 1 located in the middle of the two lines of tea trees 3 and a plurality of capillary grooves 2 connected with the main groove 1, the main groove 1 and the capillary grooves 2 jointly form a fishbone-shaped or fence-shaped fertilization groove, the width of the main groove 1 is 20cm, the depth of the main groove 1 is 15cm, the width of the capillary grooves 2 is 10cm, and the depth of the capillary grooves 2 is 25 cm;
s3: applying solid base fertilizer
Firstly laying 8cm of active carbon in the main groove 1, and then laying 3cm of plant ash; paving 5cm of activated carbon in the capillary groove 2, setting the pH value of an adjusting target to be 5.8, and setting the pH value of the current soil to be b, wherein the thickness M of plant ash in the capillary groove 2 is n (5.8-b) 2.5cm, and n is an adjusting coefficient with the value of 0.7;
s4: applying liquid organic fertilizer
After the solid base fertilizer is laid for 5 days, applying an organic fertilizer added with slaked lime and dolomite powder in the main groove 1, wherein the slaked lime is completely dissolved in the organic fertilizer, and the using amount of the dolomite powder is 250kg per hectare of the tea garden;
s5: watering
And (3) watering the main grooves 1 within 10 days after the liquid organic fertilizer is used until all the organic fertilizer in the main grooves 1 enters the capillary grooves 2 if no rainfall occurs.
The change of the pH value of the improved tea garden soil after one year and the change of the pH value of the tea garden soil without improvement are measured, and the measured structures are as follows:
| detecting items | pH value one year ago | pH value after one year |
| Performing an acidification improvement | 4.5 | 5.1 |
| Without acidification modification | 4.5 | 4.4 |
Tea yield variation due to improved acidification:
| detecting items | Tea yield (kg/mu) |
| Performing an acidification improvement | 84 |
| Without acidification modification | 76 |
Example two:
as shown in fig. 3 to 4, a method for improving acidified soil suitable for a tea garden includes the following steps:
s1: measuring the pH value of the soil of the tea garden
Sampling the soil texture of the tea trees 3 in each row or at intervals of a fixed number of rows, and determining the distribution of the pH value of the soil texture of the tea garden in the tea garden; sampling comprises sampling five points in total, namely two ends, a middle point and a quarter of a row of tea trees 3, wherein the sampling soil depth is 10cm, and 20 sampling points are provided for each hectare of tea garden.
S2: excavating fertilization groove
The method comprises the following steps of excavating a fertilization groove between two lines of tea trees 3, wherein the fertilization groove comprises two main grooves 1 located in the middle of the two lines of tea trees and a plurality of capillary grooves 2 connected with the main grooves 1, the main grooves 1 and the capillary grooves 2 jointly form fishbone-shaped or fence-shaped fertilization grooves, the width of the main grooves 1 is 25cm, the depth of the main grooves 1 is 20cm, the width of the capillary grooves 2 is 10cm, and the depth of the capillary grooves 2 is 30 cm;
s3: applying solid base fertilizer
Firstly laying 10cm of active carbon in the main groove, and then laying 4cm of plant ash; paving 5cm of activated carbon in the capillary groove 2, setting the pH value of an adjusting target to be 6.5, and setting the pH value of the current soil to be b, wherein the thickness M of plant ash in the capillary groove 2 is n (6.5-b) 2.5cm, and n is an adjusting coefficient with the value of 0.8;
s4: applying liquid organic fertilizer
After the solid base fertilizer is laid for 5 days, applying an organic fertilizer added with slaked lime and dolomite powder in the main grooves, wherein the slaked lime is completely dissolved in the organic fertilizer, and the using amount of the dolomite powder is 250kg per hectare of the tea garden;
s5: watering
And (3) within 10 days of using the liquid organic fertilizer, if no rainfall occurs, watering the main grooves until all the organic fertilizer in the main grooves enters the capillary grooves.
The change of the pH value of the improved tea garden soil after one year and the change of the pH value of the tea garden soil without improvement are measured, and the measured structures are as follows:
| detecting items | pH value one year ago | pH value after one year |
| Performing an acidification improvement | 4.5 | 5.2 |
| Without acidification modification | 4.5 | 4.4 |
Tea yield variation due to improved acidification:
| detecting items | Tea yield (kg/mu) |
| Performing an acidification improvement | 88 |
| Without acidification modification | 76 |
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An acidified soil property improvement method suitable for a tea garden is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring the pH value of the soil of the tea garden
Sampling the soil texture of the tea trees (3) in each row or at intervals of a fixed row number, and determining the distribution of the pH value of the soil texture of the tea garden in the tea garden;
s2: excavating fertilization groove
The tea tree fertilizing method comprises the following steps that a fertilizing groove is dug between two lines of tea trees (3), the fertilizing groove comprises a main groove (1) located in the middle of the two lines of tea trees (3) and a plurality of capillary grooves (2) connected with the main groove (1), the main groove (1) and the capillary grooves (2) jointly form a fishbone-shaped or fence-shaped fertilizing groove, the width of the main groove (1) is 10-25 cm, the depth of the main groove (1) is 10-30 cm, the width of the capillary grooves (2) is 5-10 cm, and the depth of the capillary grooves (2) is 20-40 cm;
s3: applying solid base fertilizer
Paving 5-10 cm of active carbon in the main groove (1), and then paving 2-5 cm of plant ash; paving 5-10 cm of activated carbon in the capillary groove (2), setting the pH value of an adjusting target to be a, and setting the pH value of the current soil to be b, wherein the thickness M of plant ash in the capillary groove (2) is n (a-b) 2.5cm, and n is an adjusting coefficient with the value of 0.5-0.8;
s4: applying liquid organic fertilizer
After 3-5 days of laying the solid base fertilizer, applying an organic fertilizer added with slaked lime and dolomite dust in the main groove (1), wherein the slaked lime is completely dissolved in the organic fertilizer, and the using amount of the dolomite dust is 220-250 kg per hectare of the tea garden;
s5: watering
Within 5-10 days of using the liquid organic fertilizer, if rainfall does not occur, watering the main groove (1) until all the organic fertilizer in the main groove (1) enters the capillary groove (2).
2. The method for improving acidified soil suitable for tea gardens as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sampling in the step S1 comprises sampling five points of two ends, a middle point and a quarter of a line of tea trees (3), wherein the sampling soil depth is 10-15 cm, and the number of sampling points in each hectare of the tea garden is not more than 20.
3. The method for improving acidified soil suitable for tea gardens as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the distance between two rows of tea trees (3) exceeds 60-100 cm, the number of the main grooves (1) is two, and the distance between the main grooves (1) and the tea trees (3) is 10-30 cm.
4. The method for improving acidified soil suitable for tea gardens as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the adjustment target pH is set to not more than 6.5.
5. The method for improving acidified soil suitable for tea gardens as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and S3, after the plant ash is paved, uniformly spraying a layer of plant ash of 0.5-2 cm on the soil surface layer of the whole tea garden.
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| CN110731244B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2022-01-14 | 张家界鱼泉生态农业开发有限公司 | Rice planting method |
| CN114375633B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2023-03-24 | 贵州大学 | Tea garden tea tree monitoring device and soil improvement method |
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| US5739031A (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 1998-04-14 | Eco Soil Systems, Inc. | Soil and water remediation and enhancement process and apparatus therefor |
| CN102077715A (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2011-06-01 | 山东大学 | Method for improving severe saline-alkali soil by using open trench and hidden filler layer |
| CN107690861A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-16 | 河海大学 | A kind of stalk groove and its method for embedding |
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| CN109362269A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-02-22 | 深圳园林股份有限公司 | A kind of improvement of ferrous sulfide type sour soil and land vegetation restoration methods |
| CN109392347A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-01 | 上海园林绿化建设有限公司 | A kind of ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method |
| CN109702001A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-03 | 钦州学院 | A method of utilizing soil nematodes rehabilitating soil fertility |
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2019
- 2019-05-20 CN CN201910420240.XA patent/CN110012690B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5739031A (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 1998-04-14 | Eco Soil Systems, Inc. | Soil and water remediation and enhancement process and apparatus therefor |
| CN102077715A (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2011-06-01 | 山东大学 | Method for improving severe saline-alkali soil by using open trench and hidden filler layer |
| CN107690861A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-16 | 河海大学 | A kind of stalk groove and its method for embedding |
| CN109362269A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-02-22 | 深圳园林股份有限公司 | A kind of improvement of ferrous sulfide type sour soil and land vegetation restoration methods |
| CN109392347A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-01 | 上海园林绿化建设有限公司 | A kind of ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method |
| CN109328595A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-02-15 | 四川省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | It is a kind of to subtract secondary tea garden fertilizing method |
| CN109702001A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-03 | 钦州学院 | A method of utilizing soil nematodes rehabilitating soil fertility |
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