CN109362269A - A kind of improvement of ferrous sulfide type sour soil and land vegetation restoration methods - Google Patents
A kind of improvement of ferrous sulfide type sour soil and land vegetation restoration methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN109362269A CN109362269A CN201811215281.7A CN201811215281A CN109362269A CN 109362269 A CN109362269 A CN 109362269A CN 201811215281 A CN201811215281 A CN 201811215281A CN 109362269 A CN109362269 A CN 109362269A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G20/10—Pre-cultivated sod or turf; Apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of improvement of ferrous sulfide type sour soil and land vegetation restoration methods, comprising the following steps: (1) overall survey of soil；(2) classification of soils；(3) quick lime dosage is determined；(4) hole is excavated on to conditioned soil region；(5) native plants, acid resistance plant and chaperoning property plant are screened；(6) soil improvement: filling organic matter in hole, then will uniformly be applied in hole according to the quick lime of step (3) specified volume, in the gutter and soil that does not excavate；(7) soil compression；(8) planting plants；(9) planting is chaperoned；(10) soil is increased fertilizer；(11) secondary plantation encrypts vegetation.The present invention can prevent soil to be acidified again, and there are many purposes for the soil after alloing improvement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological restoration technical field, specially a kind of ferrous sulfide type sour soil improvement restores with land vegetation
Method.
Background technique
As the continuous expansion in city, population are continuously increased, soil problem in short supply is got worse, so improvement is various not
It is suitable for that the soil of life requirement becomes the task of top priority for solving soil pressure.More and more filling out excavation results in many now
It is not belonging to local soil and enters city, incorporate life；More and more mining sites lead to large area because of one's early years construction wrong
Land pollution is fallen into disuse, and rescue soil becomes very urgent something.Acid soil is soil general name of the pH value less than 7.Including
The great soil groups such as laterite, red earth, red soil, yellow earth and dry red soil.China tropical and subtropical region, widely distributed various red
Or the acid soil of yellow soil.When ground temperature is high, rainfall is big, annual rainfall is mostly in 1500mm or more.It is this high temperature and rainy, damp and hot
The characteristics of with season, keeps the weathering of soil and pedogenesis very strong, and the circulation of biological substance is very rapid.Soil acidification makes sun
Ion exchange capacity and degree of base saturation reduce, and soil mineral nutrient element loss is serious；Soil acidification also makes soil to phosphoric acid
The validity of the enhancing of the fixed function of root and molybdate, soil phophorus and molybdenum reduces, and leads to the poor ridge of soil, influences plant and normally give birth to
Long and development.Acid sulphate soil improvement is global problem, and especially consolidation level land aqueous vapor is obstructed, and capillarity is strong,
Soil acidification time span is remote.There is a large amount of acid sulphate soil to wait improvement and administer, China's sour sulfur within the border in China
Hydrochlorate soil area about 0.11*106hm2, the areas such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian are mainly distributed on, wherein Guangdong Province's distribution area
Maximum accounts for about 60% of the gross area or so.
Currently, the common mode of ameliorating of acid sulphate soil is one layer of geomembrane of covering on sour soil, above geomembrane
Earthing planting plants again.In addition, since acid sulphate soil largely appears in life range and soil meets water to return acid serious,
So that many acid sulphate soils are in the stage directly fallen into disuse at present.Some is even direct to be just used to backfill the earthwork, both shadow
Territory ecology has been rung, and has brought some potential safety problems.Now due to the helpless of acid sulphate soil modification method,
Many acid sulphate soils waste a large amount of soils there is no utilizing well.Simultaneously, because the too low plant of soil pH value is difficult
It survives, causes serious erosion of soil and water and the hardening soil.This be also at present many people study improvement acid sulphate soils hope and
One major reason of step.Acid sulphate soil is improved while vitalizing soil vitality for improving vegetation ecological environment side
Face is significant, especially in sides such as urban construction, slope treatment, Habitat pattern, ecology repairing, increase vegetative coverage areas
Play great meaning in face.
Ferrous sulfide type sour soil often because of illumination, precipitation, pH, orographic condition limitation, commonly use some soil conditioners, have by improvement
Have certain improved effect, play preferably short-term pH regulating effect, but this kind of modifying agent be mostly universal reagent sometimes
It causes secondary pollution and timeliness is more of short duration.Therefore some generic acid soil modifying agents are combined, it establishes and is directed to hydrosulphate land reform
Good recipe case solves the problems, such as to be difficult to survive after acid sulphate soil can not grow vegetation or vegetation sprouts；
Application No. is: 105777424 B of CN discloses a kind of acid soil improving agent and its preparation side made of iron ore
Method, the acid soil improving agent include the component of following weight proportion: iron ore mine: 15-70 parts, organic fertilizer: and 1-30 parts, slightly
Sand: 1-40 parts, building stones: 1-20 parts, wherein the organic fertilizer includes stalk and excrement.Building stones are in lime stone and dolomite
It is one or two kinds of.The present invention discloses the preparation methods of the acid soil improving agent made of iron ore mine.The acid soil
Earth modifying agent can significantly improve acid soil environment, and provide nutriment, and increase the voidage of soil, improve soil
The conveying capacity of water conservation and nutritional ingredient, is conducive to the absorption of crops, and significantly improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.But the acidity changes
Good dose of composition is more, and production raw material type is various, causes production process cumbersome, which, which only reconciles pH value, does not have
Function and purposes can be used in soil after having reply to reconcile, and contains a large amount of metal ions in composition, and a large amount of uses can generate pollution
Hidden danger.
Application No. is: CN102942937A to disclose a kind of Hydrosulphate soil amendment and preparation method thereof, uses
30-67 parts change acid substance, 30-67 part phosphorus containg substances and 2-5 parts of microelement substance preparation Hydrosulphate soil amendments,
While the preferable acid neutralized in Acidic sulphate soils, soil available phosphorus content can be obviously increased, due to soil acid
The neutralization of degree can effectively release the effective phosphorus fixation of ion pair of aluminium, iron and manganese, to relatively further increase acid sulfuric acid
The content of available phosphorus in salt soil；Further, it is possible to supplement the nutrition such as magnesium, zinc and the boron relatively lacked in Acidic sulphate soils member
Element helps to improve soil nutrient status, so as to improve plantation in the growth of the various crops on Acidic sulphate soils, effectively
Solve the problems, such as that Acidic sulphate soils influence crop yield due to severe acidification, low-phosphorous and manganese malicious the defects of.But the acid
Property sulfate soil conditioner cannot improve the acid soil of deep layer, over time with the shower of rainwater, change
Soil can be acidified again after acid substance consumption, and there are the heavy metal elements such as a small amount of lead, cadmium, arsenic, long-time services will cause for flyash
Secondary pollution, there are also carry zeolite to spend human and material resources financial resources.
Summary of the invention
The present invention can prevent soil to be acidified again in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, providing one kind, after making improvement
Soil can with versatile ferrous sulfide type sour soil improve with land vegetation restoration methods.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs: a kind of ferrous sulfide type sour soil improvement
With land vegetation restoration methods, comprising the following steps:
(1) the improvement highland region in soil, low-lying land region, zone of transition region need to the overall survey of soil: carried out respectively
Gravel, sand, bare land take soil, take native depth be 18cm-25cm, its pH value is measured after mixing；
(2) soil the classification of soils: is divided into according to the soil property of step (1) and pH value by sand, red ferruginous soil, black
Ferruginous soil three categories, wherein the pH value of sand is 3.56 or more, and the pH value of red ferruginous soil is 3.00-3.50, black ferruginous soil
PH value be 3.00 or less；
(3) it determines quick lime dosage: according to the pH value of the soil type of step (2) and every kind of soil, determining per hectare not
With the quick lime amount of application of type soil and pH value；
Table 1: the quick lime for adjusting acidity in soil 20cm soil layer refers to dosage
(4) hole is excavated on to conditioned soil region: charge for remittance ditch, the charge for remittance are dug around to conditioned soil region
Charge for remittance well has been dug on ditch, gutter is dug on to conditioned soil the region, and to conditioned soil the region passes through institute
It states gutter and is separated into several squares, multiple holes being spaced apart are dug on several squares；
(5) native plants, acid resistance plant and chaperoning property plant: field acquisition plant material resource are screened, in suitable season
Field acquisition various plants seed is saved, selects fertile loam to do nursery with sowing or vegetative propagation methods, bag seedling nursery respectively
Bed, the specification of Seedling bag are 10-15cm*10-15cm；
(6) soil improvement: in the organic matter of each hole underfill 3cm-8cm, then will be according to rule in step (3)
The quick lime for determining dosage uniformly applies in the hole, in the gutter and soil that does not excavate, breaks the native stone excavated out into pieces,
Backfill, compacting, wait plant；
(7) soil compression: repeatedly compacting, the multiple soil compaction before planting plants block air and moisture to enter compacting
Soil afterwards；
(8) planting plants: the planting cultivated in optional step (5) is in conditioned soil ground；
(9) chaperon planting: by the end of September, the low-lying humidification zones sowing in improvement soil chaperons plant；
(10) soil is increased fertilizer: spring chaperons plant in critical regions program request of being short of seedling, after chaperoning plant growth and being more than 30cm
Trimming is placed directly in place and increases fertilizer；
(11) secondary plantation encrypts vegetation: after improving the soil, planting one month, encrypting and plants in vegetation sparse region.
Further: the distance between hole and hole described in step (4) be D, D=600mm, the length of the hole,
Wide, depth is respectively L, W, H, wherein L=350mm-500mm, W=350mm-500mm, H=250mm-400mm, the draining
The length and width of ditch, depth are respectively A, B, C, wherein A=8000mm, B=400mm, C=500mm.
Further: native plants described in step (5) are the wild Bermuda grass in native country, Paspalum distichum, pseudo- Stipa capillata, hollow
Alternanthera, pale reddish brown big winged bean, Herba desmodii microphylli, South America wedelia chinensis, Teng Zhucao, orchid draw one of No. three Korea lawn grass or a variety of.
Further: acid resistance plant described in step (5) is green red-spotted stonecrop, takes root, khuskhus, Bai Xicao, horse Buddhist nun
One of drawing is a variety of.
Further: chaperoning property plant described in step (5) be lawn type rye grass, Itanlian rye, alfalfa, sesbania,
One of herba setariae viridis is a variety of.
Further: the underfill thickness of step (6) described hole be 5cm organic matter, organic matter be peat soil or
Afforestation waste crushed material.
Further: according to step (7), when plantation, by pulse family and standing grain section plant miscegenation, hole is excavated on region improving the soil
Standing grain section plant is taken off bag transplanting in cave by cave, and with the hack bits earthing compacting excavated out around cave, beans are sowed on cave periphery
Section plant.
Further: according to step (7), when plantation, in the lowered zones seedling of conditioned soil, planting herba panici repentics, double fringe sparrows
One of barnyard grass, pseudo- Stipa capillata, alternanthera philoxeroides, rattan bamboo grass are a variety of.
Further: according to step (7), when plantation, conditioned soil gravel and bare land on be laid with by step (5) institute
It states the plant that bag seedling nursery is selected and plants into careless blanket respectively.
Further: according to step (8), conditioned soil low-lying humidification zones seeding lawn type rye grass or spend more rye
Grass, and mix clover, lawn type rye grass and multi-pattern type rye grass are soaked seed 12h prior to seeding.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1. compared with prior art, being filled out by excavating hole and gutter on to conditioned soil region in hole bottom
Organic matter is filled, is uniformly applied in hole, in the gutter and soil that does not excavate further according to the quick lime of specified volume, then
It breaks the native stone excavated out into pieces, backfills, compacting improves ferrous sulfide type sour soil to realize, utilizes organic matter and raw stone
Ash has effectively obstructed soil lower layer acid soil since capillarity is by H+It is mobile toward upper layer with sulfide, and pass through life
With bring H+ in capillary water in lkd layer, the influence that lower layer's acid soil has improved soil to upper layer is reduced, effectively
The multiple acidification for preventing soil, the soil after improvement is for vegetation growth, in a variety of native country acid resistances of the grown on soil of improvement
Plant, and accompanying plant is planted between grass seeds, keep the diversity of plant.
2. standing grain section and leguminous plant miscegenation are increased soil fertility by standing grain section plant, or annual plant is after death repaired
Recurrence soil is cut, soil organic fertilizer is increased.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention excavates schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is that the present invention excavates cross-sectional view；
Fig. 5 is that landform of the present invention drains schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is effect display diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one: a kind of improvement of ferrous sulfide type sour soil is with land vegetation restoration methods: its step includes: (1) soil
GeneraI investigation: respectively with need to carrying out the gravel in the improvement highland region in soil, low-lying land region, zone of transition region, sand, light
Soil is taken to plate, taking native depth is 20cm, its pH value is measured after mixing, the measurement of soil pH value is using litmus paper or color board speed
Survey method, or water seaoning is used, litmus paper, color board rapid method, water seaoning are existing measuring method；
(2) soil the classification of soils: is divided into according to the soil property of step (1) and pH value by sand, red ferruginous soil, black
Ferruginous soil three categories, wherein the pH value of sand is 3.56 or more, and the pH value of red ferruginous soil is 3.00-3.50, black ferruginous soil
PH value be 3.00 or less；
(3) it determines quick lime dosage: according to the pH value of the soil type of step (2) and every kind of soil, determining per hectare not
With the quick lime amount of application of type soil and pH value；
Table 1: the quick lime for adjusting acidity in soil 20cm soil layer refers to dosage
(4) hole is excavated on to conditioned soil region: firstly, determining soil area to be improved by digging mode in flakes
Then domain digs charge for remittance ditch in such a way that strip excavates around to conditioned soil region, has dug charge for remittance on charge for remittance ditch
Well digs gutter in such a way that strip excavates on to conditioned soil region, and to conditioned soil region passes through gutter
Several squares are separated into, finally, respectively digging multiple be spaced apart on each square in such a way that hole excavates
Hole (as shown in Figure 2), the distance between hole and hole are D, D=600mm, and the length and width of hole, depth are respectively L, W, H,
Wherein L=400mm, W=400mm, H=300mm, the length and width in gutter, depth are respectively A, B, C, wherein A=8000mm, B
=400mm, C=500mm；
(5) native plants, acid resistance plant and chaperoning property plant: field acquisition plant material resource are screened, in suitable season
Field acquisition various plants seed is saved, selects fertile loam to do nursery with sowing or vegetative propagation methods, bag seedling nursery respectively
Bed, the specification of Seedling bag are 10cm*10cm；
(6) it soil improvement: in the peat soil of each hole underfill 5cm, then will be used according to regulation in step (3)
The quick lime of amount uniformly applies in hole, in the gutter and soil that does not excavate, breaks the native stone excavated out into pieces, backfills, pressure
It is real, wait plant；
(7) soil compression: repeatedly compacting, the multiple soil compaction before planting plants block air and moisture to enter compacting
Soil afterwards；
(8) planting plants: the planting cultivated in optional step (5) is on improving soil, when plantation, using bag seedling
Cultivating seedlings and transplanting method, and by pulse family and standing grain section plant miscegenation excavates cave to planting soil step (6) is improved, by dog on the ground
Root of the tooth, alternanthera philoxeroides, pseudo- Stipa capillata take off bag transplanting in different caves respectively, are then covered on the hack being excavated bits
Around cave, and it is compacted, it, can be appropriate then in the periphery plantation hyacinth bean in cave, big winged bean, one of khuskhus or a variety of
Add paspalum notatum；
Improvement to planting site lowered zones plantation herba panici repentics, alternanthera philoxeroides, rise bamboo grass；
Improvement the gravel to planting site and light floor on be laid with careless blanket, careless blanket is to cultivate step (5) bag seedling
Orchid draws No. three Korea lawn grass, Paspalum distichum plants into the careless blanket brick that specification is 30cm*30cm or more respectively, and the matrix of cultivation is clay
Mixed with peat soil and in 1:1 ratio, clay and peat soil pressure in real time with a thickness of 5cm-10cm, in order to careless blanket be easy to flocculation at
Block, when carrying, do not dissipate, and can add rope made of hemp net in substrate base, when laying, with being laid immediately on gravel and the side of bare land by careless blanket
Edge region, when laying, in a row splice, and distance between row and row is 30cm-40cm；
Or be laid with using thin layer grass blanket, directly in improvement to be laid with careless blanket on planting site, and grass is covered on conditioned soil
Above blanket.Covering with a thickness of 1cm-2cm；
The conditioned soil of pH=4-5 gravel and bare land on plant extremely drought-enduring plant, drought-enduring plant is selected green
Red-spotted stonecrop takes root, and green red-spotted stonecrop and taking root uses clay to cultivate bag seedling as matrix respectively, and transplanting is preceding to pour bag seedling with water
Thoroughly, then take off bag directly by matrix pressure on the ground；
(9) chaperon planting: by the end of September, conditioned soil low-lying humidification zones seeding lawn type rye grass and mix lucerne
Mu, lawn type rye grass are soaked seed 12h prior to seeding；
(10) soil is increased fertilizer: spring, sesbania growth after 30cm more than repairing in the critical regions program request sesbania, herba setariae viridis of being short of seedling
It cuts, is placed directly in place and increases fertilizer；
(11) secondary plantation encrypts vegetation: after improving the soil, planting one month, encrypting and plants in vegetation sparse region.
Wherein, in bag transplantation of seedlings or laying grass blanket, selection was transplanted and is laid in wet season.
Embodiment two: the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in:
(7) planting plants: the planting cultivated in optional step (5) is on improving soil, when plantation, using bag seedling
Cultivating seedlings and transplanting method, and by pulse family and standing grain section plant miscegenation excavates cave to planting soil step (6) is improved on the ground, will be southern
U.S. wedelia chinensis, cilium duckbilled grass, dust-brand herba eragrostidis pilosae take off bag transplanting in different caves respectively, the hack that then will be excavated
Bits are covered on around cave, and are compacted, then in one of the periphery plantation hyacinth bean, big winged bean, khuskhus in cave or more
Kind, paspalum notatum can be properly added；
Improvement gravel to be planted and light floor on be laid with careless blanket, careless blanket be step (5) bag seedling is cultivated it is white
Sheep's hay, eremochloa ophiuroides plant into the careless blanket brick that specification is 30cm*30cm or more respectively, and the matrix of cultivation is clay and peat soil 1:1
Mixing, clay and peat soil pressure are in real time with a thickness of 5cm-10cm, and in order to which to be easy to flocculation blocking for careless blanket, when carrying does not dissipate, can be
Substrate base adds rope made of hemp net, and when laying, with being laid immediately on gravel and the fringe region of bare land by careless blanket, when laying is in a row spelled
It connects, distance between row and row is 30cm-40cm；
(8) it chaperons planting: by the end of September, sowing Itanlian rye in low-lying humidification zones and mix alfalfa, spend more black
Wheat straw is soaked seed 12h prior to seeding.
Embodiment three: the present embodiment is with the difference for implementing one:
(7) planting plants: the planting cultivated in optional step (5) is on improving soil, when plantation, using bag seedling
Cultivating seedlings and transplanting method, and by pulse family and standing grain section plant miscegenation excavates cave to planting soil step (6) is improved, by sparrow on the ground
Barnyard grass, cogongrass, herba digitariae take off bag transplanting in different caves respectively, then the hack being excavated bits are covered on to the week in cave
It encloses, and is compacted, then in the periphery plantation alyce clover in cave, big winged bean, one of khuskhus or a variety of, hundred can be properly added
Happiness grass；
Improvement gravel to be planted and light floor on be laid with careless blanket, careless blanket is the honey for cultivating step (5) bag seedling
Sugared grass, eremochloa ophiuroides plant into the careless blanket brick that specification is 30cm*30cm or more respectively, and the matrix of cultivation is clay and peat soil 1:1
Mixing, clay and peat soil pressure are in real time with a thickness of 5cm-10cm, and in order to which to be easy to flocculation blocking for careless blanket, when carrying does not dissipate, can be
Substrate base adds rope made of hemp net, and when laying, with being laid immediately on gravel and the fringe region of bare land by careless blanket, when laying is in a row spelled
It connects, distance between row and row is 30cm-40cm；
In conclusion the present invention by digging hole on region to be improved, fills organic matter and is applied in hole
Quick lime reduces the pH value of soil using quick lime, and soil is avoided to lead to not grow vegetation or vegetation sprouts because pH value is too low
Difficulty survives after hair, and organic matter is filled in hole and applies quick lime, has effectively obstructed lower layer's acid soil and has been made by capillary
It is moved with by H+ and sulfide toward upper layer of soil, and by, with bring H+ in capillary water, reducing lower layer's acid in quick lime
Property soil has improved the influence of soil to upper layer, effectively prevents the multiple acidification of soil, modifying agent of the present invention is
Quick lime and organic matter, organic matter are that peat soil or afforestation waste crushed material, heavy metal free element enter soil, will not
Secondary pollution is caused to soil；In the grown on soil bag seedling and careless blanket, standing grain section and leguminous plant miscegenation of improvement, after making improvement
Soil can be not only used for afforesting, and also has and has saved certain land resource for agricultural production, and kind is implanted with sesbania etc. and chaperons plant
Object increases soil fertility in the form of cradling object or accumbency earth's surface, plant can circularly be grown using plant is chaperoned
And survival, solid soil, various plants miscegenation are carried out using acid resistance plant, the lasting vegetation for keeping the Zinc fractions of improvement long-term is covered
Lid, plays the restitution of the ecosystem.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
Specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, exist
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ferrous sulfide type sour soil improvement and land vegetation restoration methods, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) the highland region in improvement soil, the gravel in low-lying land region, zone of transition region need to the overall survey of soil: carried out respectively
Ground, sand, bare land take soil, take native depth be 18cm-25cm, its pH value is measured after mixing；
(2) soil the classification of soils: is divided into according to the soil property of step (1) and pH value by sand, red ferruginous soil, black irony
Native three categories, wherein the pH value of sand is 3.56 or more, and the pH value of red ferruginous soil is 3.00-3.50, the pH of black ferruginous soil
Value is 3.00 or less；
(3) it determines quick lime dosage: according to the pH value of the soil type of step (2) and every kind of soil, determining that per hectare is not of the same race
The quick lime amount of application of class soil and pH value；
Table 1: the quick lime for adjusting acidity in soil 20cm soil layer refers to dosage
(4) hole is excavated on to conditioned soil region: digging charge for remittance ditch around to conditioned soil region, on the charge for remittance ditch
Charge for remittance well has been dug, gutter has been dug on to conditioned soil the region, and to conditioned soil the region passes through the row
Ditch is separated into several squares, and multiple holes being spaced apart are dug on several squares；
(5) native plants, acid resistance plant and chaperoning property plant: field acquisition plant material resource are screened, in favorable season open country
Outer acquisition various plants seed is selected fertile loam to do seedling bed, is educated with sowing or vegetative propagation methods, bag seedling nursery respectively
The specification of seedling bag is 10-15cm*10-15cm；
(6) it soil improvement: in the organic matter of each hole underfill 3cm-8cm, then will be used according to regulation in step (3)
The quick lime of amount uniformly applies in the hole, in the gutter and soil that does not excavate, breaks the native stone excavated out into pieces, returns
It fills out, is compacted, wait plant；
(7) soil compression: repeatedly compacting, the multiple soil compaction before planting plants, after blocking air and moisture to enter compacting
Soil；
(8) planting plants: the planting cultivated in optional step (5) is in conditioned soil ground；
(9) chaperon planting: by the end of September, the low-lying humidification zones sowing in improvement soil chaperons plant；
(10) soil is increased fertilizer: spring chaperons plant in critical regions program request of being short of seedling, and trims after chaperoning plant growth and being more than 30cm,
It is placed directly in place and increases fertilizer；
(11) secondary plantation encrypts vegetation: after improving the soil, planting one month, encrypting and plants in vegetation sparse region.
2. a kind of ferrous sulfide type sour soil improvement and land vegetation restoration methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
Suddenly the distance between hole and hole described in (4) are D, D=600mm, and the length and width of the hole, depth are respectively L, W, H,
Wherein L=350mm-500mm, W=350mm-500mm, H=250mm-400mm, the length and width in the gutter, depth are respectively
A, B, C, wherein A=8000mm, B=400mm, C=500mm.
3. a kind of ferrous sulfide type sour soil improvement and land vegetation restoration methods according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step
Suddenly native plants described in (5) be the wild Bermuda grass in native country, Paspalum distichum, pseudo- Stipa capillata, alternanthera philoxeroides, pale reddish brown big winged bean,
Herba desmodii microphylli, South America wedelia chinensis, Teng Zhucao, orchid draw one of No. three Korea lawn grass or a variety of.
4. a kind of ferrous sulfide type sour soil improvement and land vegetation restoration methods according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: step
Suddenly acid resistance plant described in (5) is green red-spotted stonecrop, takes root, khuskhus, Bai Xicao, one of Manila or a variety of.
5. a kind of ferrous sulfide type sour soil improvement and land vegetation restoration methods according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: step
Suddenly chaperoning property plant described in (5) is one of lawn type rye grass, Itanlian rye, alfalfa, sesbania, herba setariae viridis or more
Kind.
6. a kind of ferrous sulfide type sour soil improvement and land vegetation restoration methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
Suddenly the underfill thickness of (6) described hole is the organic matter of 5cm, and organic matter is that peat soil or afforestation waste crush
Material.
7. a kind of ferrous sulfide type sour soil improvement and land vegetation restoration methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: root
According to step (7), when plantation, by pulse family and standing grain section plant miscegenation, cave is excavated on region improving the soil, standing grain section plant is taken off into bag transplanting
In cave, with the hack bits earthing compacting excavated out around cave, leguminous plant is sowed on cave periphery.
8. a kind of ferrous sulfide type sour soil improvement and land vegetation restoration methods according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: root
According to step (7), when plantation, in the lowered zones seedling of conditioned soil, herba panici repentics, Paspalum distichum, pseudo- Stipa capillata, hollow lotus seeds are planted
One of grass, rattan bamboo grass are a variety of.
9. a kind of ferrous sulfide type sour soil improvement and land vegetation restoration methods according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: root
According to step (7), when plantation, conditioned soil gravel and bare land on be laid with the plant selected by step (5) the bag seedling nursery
Object plants into careless blanket respectively.
10. a kind of ferrous sulfide type sour soil improvement and land vegetation restoration methods according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
According to step (8), in the low-lying humidification zones seeding lawn type rye grass of conditioned soil or Itanlian rye, and clover is mixed, grass
Level ground type rye grass and multi-pattern type rye grass are soaked seed 12h prior to seeding.
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| CN113228872A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-10 | 西南科技大学 | Method for repairing acidic black rock stratum slope |
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| CN110665959A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-10 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Bare soil ecological restoration method |
| CN111527966A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-14 | 广东桃林生态环境有限公司 | Vegetation recovery method for extremely acidified mine soil |
| CN113228872A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-10 | 西南科技大学 | Method for repairing acidic black rock stratum slope |
| CN114391325A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-26 | 安徽科技学院 | Soil improvement method for straw carbonization and field returning |
| CN114391325B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-12-12 | 安徽科技学院 | Straw carbonization returning soil improvement method |
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