CN114375633B - Tea garden tea tree monitoring device and soil improvement method - Google Patents
Tea garden tea tree monitoring device and soil improvement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114375633B CN114375633B CN202210054403.9A CN202210054403A CN114375633B CN 114375633 B CN114375633 B CN 114375633B CN 202210054403 A CN202210054403 A CN 202210054403A CN 114375633 B CN114375633 B CN 114375633B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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- G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tea tree cultivation, in particular to a tea garden tea tree monitoring device and a soil improvement method, wherein the tea garden tea tree monitoring device comprises a monitoring component and a fertilizing component detachably connected with the monitoring component; the monitoring component comprises a pressing plate, the pressing plate is detachably connected with the fertilizing component, the bottom of the pressing plate is fixedly connected with a sliding column, the side wall of the sliding column is fixedly connected with a detection portion, the detection portion is connected with a control portion (not shown in the figure), the sliding column is slidably connected with a fixing portion, and the bottom of the sliding column is elastically connected with the fixing portion. The invention can monitor the contents of organic acid and alkali metal ions in the soil at the root of the tea tree, improve the soil and prevent acidification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tea tree cultivation, in particular to a tea garden tea tree monitoring device and a soil improvement method.
Background
Tea tree is a kind of acid-loving crop, and acid soil is one of the necessary ecological conditions for tea tree growth. But not the more acidic the soil, the better the tea plant growth. The pH of the soil was found to be optimum for tea plant growth at pH 4.5-6.5, with pH4.5-5.5 being the optimum. When the pH is higher than 6.5, the growth of the tea tree is gradually stopped, and when the pH exceeds 7.0, the tea tree can even die; below 4.0 tea growth is inhibited, affecting tea product and quality.
Under the natural state, due to the plant physiological action of tea trees, after the tea trees are planted, the tea garden soil is gradually acidified under the action of organic acid secreted by root systems of the tea trees, and the acidification rate is 0.071/year. As economic crops for harvesting leaf organoids, tea leaves often need to be applied with nitrogen fertilizer (especially NH) 4+ ) To ensure adequate yield. Thus, due to the use of nitrogen fertilizers, at NH 4+ The acidification of the tea garden is intensified by the nitrification of (A). In addition, after the leaf organs of tea tree are picked, the tea product takes away alkali metals and alkaline earth metals such as K, ca and Mg in the soil, and H + Accumulation generationPositive effect, absorption of P and S by tea plants on H + Negative effect is generated by accumulation, and the soil H of the tea garden is enabled to be under the comprehensive action + The net accumulation amount is positive, and the soil acidification is intensified. The acidification action aggravates the increase of the soluble state content of the heavy metals in the tea garden soil, and further increases the possibility of enriching the heavy metals in the tea, thereby increasing the health risk of people. Researches show that the soil acidification of the tea garden not only occurs in surface soil, but also can extend to the depth range of 2.0m below the ground surface, the drenching risk of nutrient elements N and P is increased along with the increase of the age of tea trees and the application of nitrogen fertilizer, the phenomenon of downward movement of acid occurs, and the long-term application of the nitrogen fertilizer promotes the exchangeable Al 3+ Accumulation of (C), al 3+ Further producing H + And the acidification of the tea garden soil is accelerated. The prior art does not disclose a device for monitoring the content of organic acid and alkali metal ions in the tea garden soil, and also does not disclose a device for quantitatively applying fertilizer to the tea garden, so that a tea garden tea tree monitoring device and a soil improvement method are urgently needed to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tea garden tea tree monitoring device and a soil improvement method, which are used for solving the problems and achieving the purposes of monitoring the contents of organic acid and alkali metal ions in the soil at the root of tea trees, improving the soil and preventing acidification.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: a tea garden tea tree monitoring device comprises a monitoring component and a fertilizing component detachably connected with the monitoring component; the monitoring assembly comprises a pressing plate, the pressing plate is detachably connected with the fertilizing assembly, a sliding column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing plate, a detection portion is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding column, the detection portion is connected with a control portion, the sliding column is slidably connected with a fixing portion, and the bottom of the sliding column is elastically connected with the fixing portion.
Preferably, the detection portion includes a first focusing lens and a second focusing lens, the first focusing lens and the second focusing lens are respectively and fixedly connected to the side wall of the sliding column, the focal points of the first focusing lens and the second focusing lens coincide, the first focusing lens is located below the second focusing lens, the first focusing lens is communicated with one end of an incident optical fiber, the second focusing lens is communicated with one end of a collecting optical fiber, and the other ends of the incident optical fiber and the collecting optical fiber are connected and respectively connected to the control portion.
Preferably, slip post lateral wall rigid coupling has two sliding part and limiting plate, the limiting plate is located second focusing lens top, one of it the sliding part is located the limiting plate top, another the sliding part is located first focusing lens below, the sliding part is established including the cover ring gear on the slip post, the ring gear inner wall with slip post rigid coupling, the ring gear with fixed part sliding connection.
Preferably, the fixed part includes the spring sleeve, first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve of coaxial setting, spring sleeve bottom is sharp column structure, spring sleeve top with first sliding sleeve bottom rigid coupling, spring sleeve lateral wall rigid coupling has the one end of connecting piece, second sliding sleeve lateral wall with the other end rigid coupling of connecting piece, first sliding sleeve with the tooth's socket has all been seted up to second sliding sleeve inner wall, the tooth's socket with ring gear sliding connection, the inside bottom surface rigid coupling of spring sleeve has the one end of first spring, the first spring other end with sliding column bottom rigid coupling.
Preferably, the fertilization subassembly includes the frame, the frame lateral wall rotates and is connected with first pivot, first pivot middle part rigid coupling has one-way rotation portion and gear, one-way rotation portion is located gear one side, gear engagement is connected with the rack, rack bottom rigid coupling has the joint seat, the joint seat cup joints the clamp plate outer wall, one-way rotation portion contact is provided with the one end of rotor plate, the rotor plate middle part with the frame lateral wall rotates to be connected, rotor plate other end top contact is provided with the mixing box, mixing box top is provided with the ration ejection of compact portion that two symmetries set up.
Preferably, the one-way rotation portion include with the fixed runner of first pivot rigid coupling, fixed runner outer wall has cup jointed first runner, first runner outer wall rigid coupling has a plurality of teeth of dialling, dial the tooth with the rotor plate bottom surface contacts, fixed runner lateral wall rotates and is connected with the pawl, a pawl lateral wall with fixed runner contacts, another lateral wall of pawl is connected with the one end of second spring, the second spring other end with fixed runner rigid coupling, first runner inner wall rigid coupling has a plurality of ratchets, the ratchet with the pawl corresponds the setting.
Preferably, the rotor plate middle part rotates the one end that is connected with the second pivot, the other end of second pivot with the frame rigid coupling, mixing box lateral wall rigid coupling has the fixed plate, the fixed plate is located the rotor plate top, the fixed plate is close to the one end bottom surface rigid coupling of first runner has the one end of third spring, the other end of third spring with the rotor plate rigid coupling.
Preferably, mixing box inner wall rigid coupling has a plurality of first swash plates, first swash plate is followed mixing box inner wall vertical arrangement, mixing box with the lateral wall rigid coupling that first swash plate is relative has a plurality of second swash plates, the second swash plate is followed mixing box inner wall vertical arrangement, first swash plate with the second swash plate all to mixing box bottom surface slope, first swash plate with the crisscross setting of second swash plate.
Preferably, ration ejection of compact portion includes ejection of compact shell, ejection of compact shell with the frame rigid coupling, ejection of compact shell one end is located mixing box top, the inside rotation of ejection of compact shell is connected with the auger, ejection of compact shell other end rigid coupling has the motor, motor output shaft with auger tip rigid coupling, ejection of compact shell top rigid coupling has feed hopper, feed hopper with ejection of compact shell intercommunication.
A method of soil improvement comprising the steps of:
dividing different acidified tea gardens into different test areas, selecting a plurality of tea trees as test objects in each test area, and respectively inserting the tea tree monitoring devices into soil near each tea tree;
a plurality of tea garden tea tree monitoring devices of same test area use different ratio fertilizers to soil to survey the change of element content in near tea tree root soil before and after fertilization, judge the best fertilizer ratio that reduces tea garden soil acidity.
The invention has the following technical effects: an operator can step on the pressing plate downwards by feet, the pressing plate drives the sliding column to slide downwards along the fixing part, the content of elements including organic acid and alkali metal ions in the soil is collected through the detection part in the process that the sliding column slides downwards, and the collected information is processed through the control part, so that the information of the content of the organic acid and the alkali metal ions in the soil is obtained; after one detection is finished, the sliding column can rebound, so that the next detection is facilitated; the fertilizing assembly is used for applying different fertilizers to the soil at the root of the tea tree to improve the soil and prevent the soil in the tea garden from being acidified; the device and the soil improvement method overcome the defects of high cost, complex operation and the like of the traditional tea garden detection, are more rapid and convenient to detect the element content in the tea garden soil, can simultaneously carry out the detection process and the fertilization process, are time-saving and labor-saving, and make contributions to relieving and preventing the acidification of the mountain tea garden soil, ensuring the tea production area environment safety and the green and healthy development of the tea industry.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at B in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mixing box of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a soil improvement method of the present invention;
wherein, 1, spring sleeve; 2. a first spring; 3. a first sliding sleeve; 4. a second sliding sleeve; 5. a sliding post; 6. a connecting member; 7. a ring gear; 8. a first focusing lens; 9. a second focusing lens; 10. pressing a plate; 11. an incident optical fiber; 12. collecting optical fibers; 13. a clamping seat; 14. a first rotating shaft; 15. a gear; 16. a rack; 17. a first runner; 18. fixing the rotating wheel; 19. a pawl; 20. a second spring; 21. a rotating plate; 22. a second rotating shaft; 23. a third spring; 24. a fixing plate; 25. a blending box; 26. a first sloping plate; 27. a second swash plate; 28. a motor; 29. a packing auger; 30. a discharge housing; 31. a feed hopper; 32. a light supplement lamp; 33. a frame; 34. and a limiting plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a tea garden tea tree monitoring device, including a monitoring component, a fertilizing component detachably connected to the monitoring component; the control assembly includes clamp plate 10, and clamp plate 10 can dismantle with the fertilization subassembly and be connected, and clamp plate 10 bottom rigid coupling has slip post 5, and 5 lateral wall rigid couplings of slip post have a detection portion, and detection portion is connected with control part (not drawn in the picture), and 5 sliding connection of slip post have a fixed part, 5 bottoms of slip post and fixed part elastic connection.
The pressing plate 10 is of a cake-shaped structure, an operator can tread the pressing plate 10 downwards by feet, the pressing plate 10 drives the sliding column 5 to slide downwards along the fixing part, the content of elements in the soil, including the content of organic acid and alkali metal ions, is collected through the detection part in the downward sliding process of the sliding column 5, and the collected information is processed through the control part, so that the information of the content of the organic acid and the alkali metal ions in the soil is obtained; after one detection is finished, the sliding column 5 can rebound, so that the next detection is facilitated; the fertilizing assembly is used for applying different fertilizers to the soil at the root of the tea tree; the control part includes components (not shown in the figure) such as a laser emitter and a monochromator, and the detection principle and method thereof are the prior art, and refer to the patent document with the application number of 201110458289.8 specifically, which is not described herein again.
Further optimizing the scheme, the detection portion includes first focusing lens 8 and second focusing lens 9, first focusing lens 8 and second focusing lens 9 respectively with 5 lateral walls rigid couplings of slip post, first focusing lens 8 and the coincidence of second focusing lens 9 focus, first focusing lens 8 is located second focusing lens 9 below, first focusing lens 8 intercommunication has the one end of incident optical fiber 11, second focusing lens 9 intercommunication has the one end of gathering optic fibre 12, incident optical fiber 11 and the other end connection of gathering optic fibre 12 are connected with the control portion respectively. Laser emitted by a laser emitter (not shown in the figure) is transmitted to the first focusing lens 8 through the incident optical fiber 11, after the laser irradiates soil, the soil generates plasma, and a spectrum excited by the plasma is collected by the second focusing lens 9 and is transmitted back to the control part through the collecting optical fiber 12; incident optical fiber 11 and collection optical fiber 12 all set up inside sliding column 5, and sliding column 5 is by the up-down motion in-process, and the different degree of depth's soil is shone to laser meeting is continuous to the content of obtaining the different degree of depth soil medium element.
Further optimize the scheme, the lateral wall rigid coupling of slip post 5 has two sliding parts and limiting plate 34, and limiting plate 34 is located second focusing lens 9 top, and its sliding part is located limiting plate 34 top, and another sliding part is located first focusing lens 8 below, and the sliding part is including the ring gear 7 of cover on slip post 5, and ring gear 7 inner wall and slip post 5 rigid coupling, ring gear 7 and fixed part sliding connection. The limiting plate 34 is used for preventing excessive rebound of the sliding column 5, limiting the position of the sliding column 5, the gear ring 7 of the sliding part is matched with the fixing part to play a role in guiding, meanwhile, the pressing plate 10 is rotated, and the pressing plate 10 drives the first focusing lens 8 and the second focusing lens 9 to rotate, so that the element content of different parts of soil can be conveniently measured.
Further optimization scheme, the fixed part includes the spring sleeve 1 of coaxial setting, first sliding sleeve 3 and second sliding sleeve 4, 1 bottom of spring sleeve is sharp column structure, 1 top of spring sleeve and 3 bottom rigid couplings of first sliding sleeve, 1 lateral wall rigid coupling of spring sleeve has the one end of connecting piece 6, 4 lateral walls of second sliding sleeve and the other end rigid coupling of connecting piece 6, the tooth's socket has all been seted up to 4 inner walls of first sliding sleeve 3 and second sliding sleeve, tooth's socket and 7 sliding connection of ring gear, 1 inside bottom surface rigid couplings of spring sleeve have the one end of first spring 2, the 2 other ends of first spring and 5 bottom rigid couplings of sliding column. Ring gear 7 slides in the tooth's socket, first sliding sleeve 3 and the both ends of second sliding sleeve 4 distribution at slip post 5, make slip post 5 gliding process more smooth down, 1 bottom of spring sleeve helps spring sleeve 1 to insert soil for most advanced structure, after 5 pushes down to the 1 bottom of spring sleeve that is close to when sliding post, first spring 2 is in compression state, the artificial power of exerting oneself in 5 tops of slip post disappears the back, under the spring action of first spring 2, slip post 5 can kick-back by oneself.
Further optimize the scheme, the fertilization subassembly includes frame 33, frame 33 lateral wall rotates and is connected with first pivot 14, 14 middle part rigid couplings of first pivot have unidirectional rotation portion and gear 15, unidirectional rotation position is located gear 15 one side, gear 15 meshes and is connected with rack 16, 16 bottom rigid couplings of rack have joint seat 13, joint seat 13 cup joints at 10 outer walls of clamp plate, the contact of unidirectional rotation portion is provided with the one end of rotor plate 21, rotor plate 21 middle part is connected with frame 33 lateral wall rotation, the contact of rotor plate 21 other end top is provided with mixing box 25, mixing box 25 top is provided with the ration ejection of compact portion that two symmetries set up. When clamp plate 10 downstream, clamp plate 10 drives joint seat 13 downstream, joint seat 13 drives rack 16 downstream, rack 16 meshes with the gear 15 at 14 middle parts of first pivot, gear 15 rotates for the frame 33 lateral wall with first pivot 14 jointly, first pivot 14 drives the rotation of one-way rotation portion, rotation plate 21 opens under the effect of one-way rotation portion, fertilizer drops on the soil of tea tree root by mixing box 25, mixing box 25 is used for two kinds of fertilizers of mixing, quantitative discharge portion is used for applying quantitative fertilizer to tea tree root.
Further optimize the scheme, one-way rotation portion includes the fixed runner 18 with first pivot 14 rigid coupling, fixed runner 18 outer wall has cup jointed first runner 17, first runner 17 outer wall rigid coupling has a plurality of group teeth, it contacts with rotor plate 21 bottom surface to dial the tooth, fixed runner 18 lateral wall rotates and is connected with pawl 19, a pawl 19 lateral wall contacts with fixed runner 18, another lateral wall of pawl 19 is connected with the one end of second spring 20, the second spring 20 other end and fixed runner 18 rigid coupling, first runner 17 inner wall rigid coupling has a plurality of ratchets, the ratchet corresponds the setting with pawl 19.
When the pressing plate 10 moves downwards, the first rotating shaft 14 rotates clockwise, the first rotating shaft 14 drives the fixed rotating wheel 18 to rotate, in the clockwise rotating process of the fixed rotating wheel 18, the side wall of the pawl 19 is in contact with the fixed rotating wheel 18 and keeps static relative to the fixed rotating wheel 18, the pawl 19 is abutted to a ratchet on the inner wall of the first rotating wheel 17 so as to drive the first rotating wheel 17 to rotate clockwise, when the first rotating wheel 17 rotates clockwise, the rotating plate 21 is stirred to rotate through a poking tooth on the outer wall of the first rotating wheel 17, and the rotating plate 21 intermittently rotates for a certain angle and resets, so that a gap is generated between the rotating plate 21 and the bottom of the blending box 25, and fertilizer is leaked; on the contrary, when the pressing plate 10 moves upwards, the first rotating shaft 14 rotates anticlockwise, the pawl 19 swings to the right side to compress the second spring 20, the pawl 19 does not keep still after contacting with the ratchet, the pawl can rebound repeatedly under the elastic action of the second spring 20, and the first rotating wheel 17 cannot be driven to rotate, so that the fertilizer can only fall off from the blending box 25 in the downward movement process of the pressing plate 10.
According to the further optimized scheme, the middle of the rotating plate 21 is rotatably connected with one end of the second rotating shaft 22, the other end of the second rotating shaft 22 is fixedly connected with the rack 33, the side wall of the blending box 25 is fixedly connected with the fixing plate 24, the fixing plate 24 is located above the rotating plate 21, one end of the fixing plate 24, close to the first rotating wheel 17, is fixedly connected with one end of the third spring 23, and the other end of the third spring 23 is fixedly connected with the rotating plate 21. The rotor plate 21 can be around second pivot 22 anticlockwise rotation, because rotor plate 21 one side closely laminates with mixing box 25, if rotor plate 21 clockwise rotation, can take place the card phenomenon of dying, when dialling the tooth and stir rotor plate 21 one end upwards, because rotor plate 21 middle part rotates with second pivot 22 and is connected, the one end that rotor plate 21 is close to mixing box 25 is kept away from mixing box 25 and is moved to fertilizer in the mixing box 25 drops near tea tree root soil.
Further optimize the scheme, the inner wall rigid coupling of mixing box 25 has a plurality of first swash plates 26, and first swash plate 26 is along the vertical range of mixing box 25 inner wall, and the lateral wall rigid coupling that mixing box 25 is relative with first swash plate 26 has a plurality of second swash plates 27, and second swash plate 27 is along the vertical range of mixing box 25 inner wall, and first swash plate 26 and second swash plate 27 all incline to mixing box 25 bottom surface, and first swash plate 26 and the crisscross setting of second swash plate 27. Different fertilizers drop behind first swash plate 26 and second swash plate 27, and crisscross the mixture, a plurality of first swash plates 26 and the vertical setting of second swash plate 27, mixing time is long, and the mixing uniformity is high.
Further optimizing scheme, ration ejection of compact portion includes ejection of compact shell 30, and ejection of compact shell 30 and frame 33 rigid coupling, and ejection of compact shell 30 one end is located mixing box 25 top, and ejection of compact shell 30 internal rotation is connected with auger 29, and the other end rigid coupling of ejection of compact shell 30 has motor 28, and motor 28 output shaft and auger 29 tip rigid coupling, and ejection of compact shell 30 top rigid coupling has feed hopper 31, and feed hopper 31 communicates with ejection of compact shell 30. The fertilizer is filled into the feeding hopper 31, the motor 28 is a stepping motor, the rotation angle is controlled accurately, the motor 28 rotates to drive the packing auger 29 to rotate, the packing auger 29 pushes out the fertilizer, and the fertilizer falls into the feeding hopper 31.
A soil improvement method based on a tea garden tea tree monitoring device comprises the following steps:
dividing different acidified tea gardens into different test areas, selecting a plurality of tea trees as test objects in each test area, and respectively inserting the tea tree monitoring devices into soil near each tea tree;
a plurality of tea garden tea tree monitoring devices of same test area use different ratio fertilizers to soil to survey the change of element content in near tea tree root soil before and after fertilization, judge the best fertilizer ratio that reduces tea garden soil acidity.
Inserting the monitoring component and the bottom of the frame 33 into the soil at the root of the tea tree, and adding different fertilizers into the two feeding hoppers 31 respectively; inserting the tip of the spring sleeve 1 into the soil until the top of the second sliding sleeve 4 is flush with the soil surface; add different fertilizers respectively in two feed hopper 31 of same tea garden tea tree monitoring device of this application according to the experiment demand, the quality one-to-one of motor 28 corner and joining fertilizer, two motor 28 rotation specific angle to add the fertilizer of different content in mixing box 25.
Applying pressure to the pressing plate 10, driving the first focusing lens 8 and the second focusing lens 9 to slide underground by the sliding column 5, and measuring the content of elements in the soil before fertilization; laser emitted by a laser emitter (not shown in the figure) is transmitted to the first focusing lens 8 through the incident optical fiber 11, after the laser irradiates soil, the soil generates plasma, and a spectrum excited by the plasma is collected by the second focusing lens 9 and is transmitted back to the control part through the collecting optical fiber 12; the incident optical fiber 11 and the collecting optical fiber 12 are arranged inside the sliding column 5, laser can continuously irradiate the soil with different depths in the process that the sliding column 5 moves from top to bottom, so that the content of elements in the soil with different depths can be obtained, the pressing plate 10 is rotated by a certain angle, the pressing plate 10 is repeatedly pressed down, the content of the soil elements near the vertical area of the soil measured last time can be measured, the pressing plate 10 is repeatedly rotated by a certain angle for multiple times to measure the content of the soil elements, the measurement results are subjected to processing such as averaging, and the obtained measurement results are more objective and comprehensive;
when the pressing plate 10 moves downwards, different fertilizers with a certain proportion are scattered in the soil near the tea tree root; when the pressing plate 10 moves downwards, the clamping seat 13 is driven to move downwards, the clamping seat 13 drives the rack 16 to move downwards, the rack 16 is meshed with a gear 15 in the middle of a first rotating shaft 14, the gear 15 and the first rotating shaft 14 rotate relative to the side wall of the rack 33, the first rotating shaft 14 drives the fixed rotating wheel 18 to rotate, in the clockwise rotating process of the fixed rotating wheel 18, the side wall of the pawl 19 is in contact with the fixed rotating wheel 18 and keeps relatively static with the fixed rotating wheel 18, the pawl 19 is in contact with a ratchet on the inner wall of the first rotating wheel 17 to drive the first rotating wheel 17 to rotate clockwise, when the first rotating wheel 17 rotates clockwise, the rotating plate 21 is shifted to rotate through shifting teeth on the outer wall of the first rotating wheel 17, when one end of the rotating plate 21 is shifted upwards by the shifting teeth, because the middle of the rotating plate 21 is rotationally connected with a second rotating shaft 22, one end of the rotating plate 21 close to the blending box 25 moves away from the box 25, and therefore fertilizer in the blending box 25 falls to the vicinity of soil at the root of the tea trees; after a period of time, the press plate 10 is pressed again, and the content of elements in the soil after fertilization is determined and compared with that before fertilization.
Organic fertilizers and nitrogen fertilizers are respectively added into the two feeding hoppers 31, the organic fertilizers comprise commercial organic fertilizers, biological organic fertilizers, carbon-based fertilizers, biological carbon and the like, typical acidified tea gardens (with the pH value of 4.5-6.5) and tea garden (with the pH value of 4.0-less-pH-less-4.5) are selected for soil improvement and restoration tests, the acidity of the tea garden soil after different biomass materials are applied is measured, and the optimal biomass materials and the optimal mixture ratio are proved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 5, the only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the light supplement lamp 32 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the frame 33, and the light supplement lamp 32 is used to provide light for tea trees at night, so as to increase the yield of tea trees, increase the picking amount of tea products, accelerate the loss of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals such as K, ca and Mg in soil, and make the result of soil improvement more obvious.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a tea garden tea tree monitoring device which characterized in that: the device comprises a monitoring component and a fertilizing component detachably connected with the monitoring component; the monitoring assembly comprises a pressing plate (10), the pressing plate (10) is detachably connected with the fertilizing assembly, the bottom of the pressing plate (10) is fixedly connected with a sliding column (5), the side wall of the sliding column (5) is fixedly connected with a detection part, the detection part is connected with a control part, the sliding column (5) is slidably connected with a fixed part, and the bottom of the sliding column (5) is elastically connected with the fixed part;
the detection part comprises a first focusing lens (8) and a second focusing lens (9), the first focusing lens (8) and the second focusing lens (9) are fixedly connected with the side wall of the sliding column (5) respectively, the focuses of the first focusing lens (8) and the second focusing lens (9) are superposed, the first focusing lens (8) is positioned below the second focusing lens (9), the first focusing lens (8) is communicated with one end of an incident optical fiber (11), the second focusing lens (9) is communicated with one end of a collecting optical fiber (12), and the other ends of the incident optical fiber (11) and the collecting optical fiber (12) are connected with the control part respectively;
the side wall of the sliding column (5) is fixedly connected with two sliding parts and a limiting plate (34), the limiting plate (34) is positioned above the second focusing lens (9), one sliding part is positioned above the limiting plate (34), the other sliding part is positioned below the first focusing lens (8), the sliding part comprises a gear ring (7) sleeved on the sliding column (5), the inner wall of the gear ring (7) is fixedly connected with the sliding column (5), and the gear ring (7) is slidably connected with the fixing part;
the fixing part comprises a spring sleeve (1), a first sliding sleeve (3) and a second sliding sleeve (4) which are coaxially arranged, the bottom of the spring sleeve (1) is of a pointed structure, the top of the spring sleeve (1) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the first sliding sleeve (3), one end of a connecting piece (6) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the spring sleeve (1), the side wall of the second sliding sleeve (4) is fixedly connected with the other end of the connecting piece (6), tooth grooves are formed in the inner walls of the first sliding sleeve (3) and the second sliding sleeve (4), the tooth grooves are in sliding connection with the gear ring (7), one end of a first spring (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface inside the spring sleeve (1), and the other end of the first spring (2) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the sliding column (5);
the fertilizing assembly comprises a rack (33), wherein the side wall of the rack (33) is rotatably connected with a first rotating shaft (14), the middle part of the first rotating shaft (14) is fixedly connected with a unidirectional rotating part and a gear (15), the unidirectional rotating part is positioned on one side of the gear (15), the gear (15) is meshed with a rack (16), the bottom of the rack (16) is fixedly connected with a clamping seat (13), the clamping seat (13) is sleeved on the outer wall of the pressing plate (10), the unidirectional rotating part is in contact with one end of a rotating plate (21), the middle part of the rotating plate (21) is rotatably connected with the side wall of the rack (33), the top of the other end of the rotating plate (21) is in contact with a uniformly mixing box (25), and the top of the uniformly mixing box (25) is provided with two symmetrically-arranged quantitative discharging parts;
the unidirectional rotating part comprises a fixed rotating wheel (18) fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft (14), the outer wall of the fixed rotating wheel (18) is sleeved with a first rotating wheel (17), the outer wall of the first rotating wheel (17) is fixedly connected with a plurality of shifting teeth, the shifting teeth are contacted with the bottom surface of the rotating plate (21), the side wall of the fixed rotating wheel (18) is rotatably connected with a pawl (19), one side wall of the pawl (19) is contacted with the fixed rotating wheel (18), the other side wall of the pawl (19) is connected with one end of a second spring (20), the other end of the second spring (20) is fixedly connected with the fixed rotating wheel (18), the inner wall of the first rotating wheel (17) is fixedly connected with a plurality of ratchets, and the ratchets are arranged corresponding to the pawl (19);
the middle part of the rotating plate (21) is rotatably connected with one end of a second rotating shaft (22), the other end of the second rotating shaft (22) is fixedly connected with the rack (33), the side wall of the blending box (25) is fixedly connected with a fixing plate (24), the fixing plate (24) is positioned above the rotating plate (21), one end of a third spring (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of one end, close to the first rotating wheel (17), of the fixing plate (24), and the other end of the third spring (23) is fixedly connected with the rotating plate (21);
the inner wall of the mixing box (25) is fixedly connected with a plurality of first inclined plates (26), the first inclined plates (26) are vertically arranged along the inner wall of the mixing box (25), the side wall of the mixing box (25) opposite to the first inclined plates (26) is fixedly connected with a plurality of second inclined plates (27), the second inclined plates (27) are vertically arranged along the inner wall of the mixing box (25), the first inclined plates (26) and the second inclined plates (27) are inclined towards the bottom surface of the mixing box (25), and the first inclined plates (26) and the second inclined plates (27) are arranged in a staggered mode;
quantitative discharge portion includes ejection of compact shell (30), ejection of compact shell (30) with frame (33) rigid coupling, ejection of compact shell (30) one end is located mixing box (25) top, ejection of compact shell (30) internal rotation is connected with auger (29), ejection of compact shell (30) other end rigid coupling has motor (28), motor (28) output shaft with auger (29) tip rigid coupling, ejection of compact shell (30) top rigid coupling has feed hopper (31), feed hopper (31) with ejection of compact shell (30) intercommunication.
2. A soil improvement method based on the tea garden tea tree monitoring device of claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
dividing different acidified tea gardens into different test areas, selecting a plurality of tea trees as test objects in each test area, and respectively inserting the tea tree monitoring devices into soil near each tea tree;
a plurality of tea garden tea tree monitoring devices of same test area use different ratio fertilizers to soil to survey the change of element content in near tea tree root soil before and after fertilization, judge the best fertilizer ratio that reduces tea garden soil acidity.
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| CN202210054403.9A CN114375633B (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Tea garden tea tree monitoring device and soil improvement method |
| NL2032661A NL2032661B1 (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-08-02 | Monitoring device and soil improvement method for tea plant in tea gardens |
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Application publication date: 20220422 Assignee: SANJIANG DONG AUTONOMOUS COUNTY XIANCHI TEA CO.,LTD. Assignor: Guizhou University Contract record no.: X2023980045628 Denomination of invention: A monitoring device and soil improvement method for tea trees in tea gardens Granted publication date: 20230324 License type: Common License Record date: 20231102 |