AU2021100475A4

AU2021100475A4 - Method for supplementing magnesium in hillside citrus orchard

Info

Publication number: AU2021100475A4
Application number: AU2021100475A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Bei HUANG; Zhenpeng Nie; Peng Wang; Mingxia Wen; Shaohui Wu
Original assignee: Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute
Current assignee: Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute
Priority date: 2021-01-25
Filing date: 2021-01-25
Publication date: 2021-04-15
Anticipated expiration: 2029-01-25

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of citrus cultivation, and discloses a method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard, comprising the following steps: S: deep ploughing and fertilizing: deeply ploughing and ditching on a hilly area with a rooter, and then applying a magnesium fertilizer; S2: shallow ploughing and fertilizing: shallowly ploughing and ditching on the hilly area with a rooter, and then applying a magnesium fertilizer, wherein the ploughing depth is 0.2-0.5 m, and the fertilization amount is 20-40 g/m 2 ; S3: soil cultivation: conducting intertillage management of the soil where the citrus grows; S4: soil detection: sampling to detect the pH value of the soil, and then carrying out supplementary fertilization; and S5: prevention . In the invention, through fertilization in the rapid growth period of the citrus, the fertilizer is allowed to be rapidly absorbed by the citrus, and it can be ensured that the citrus can acquire sufficient magnesium elements at each growth node; meanwhile, through the shallow ploughing and fertilizing in combination with the deep ploughing and fertilizing, the magnesium fertilizer is well absorbed by the root system of the citrus in each growth period; and also by improving the soil fertility level through reasonable cultivation, the growth and development of the citrus can be facilitated, thereby improving the yield and quality of the citrus. 1/1 DRAWING Deep ploughing and fertilizing I Shallow ploughing and fertilizing I Soil cultivation V Soil detection Prevention Foliar fertilization FIG. 1

Description

1/1

DRAWING

Deep ploughing and fertilizing

I Shallow ploughing and fertilizing

I Soil cultivation

V Soil detection

Prevention

Foliar fertilization

FIG. 1

METHOD FOR SUPPLEMENTING MAGNESIUM IN HILLSIDE CITRUS ORCHARD TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of citrus cultivation, and in particular to a method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard.

BACKGROUND

[0002] Citrus is one of the fruits with large cultivating area and high economic benefits in southern China. Most of citrus orchards are built on hills and mountains. Magnesium is one of the indispensable mineral elements for the citrus. One of the important factors for high yield and high quality of the citrus is ensuring that sufficient magnesium elements can be acquired in every growth period of the citrus.

[0003] Magnesium is a constituent of a chlorophyll molecule. Both chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contain magnesium, and magnesium is located in the center of the chlorophyll molecule. The magnesium in the chlorophyll approximately accounts for 10%-20% of the total magnesium within a citrus plant. If the citrus lacks magnesium for a long time, the leaves will suffer from chlorosis, and photosynthetic assimilates will decrease sharply, resulting in small fruits, decreased yield and reduced quality. In severe cases, leave falling, branch shedding, and premature senescence of tree bodies will occur, which cannot meet people's requirements.

SUMMARY

[0004] (I) Technical problem to be solved

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard, which is mainly used for solving the problem of degradation in citrus quality caused by magnesium deficiency during the growth process of the existing hillside citrus.

[0006] (II) Technical Solutions

[0007] In order to achieve the aforementioned objective, the invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0008] Provided is a method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard, including the following steps: Sl: deep ploughing and fertilizing: deeply ploughing and ditching in a hillside orchard with a rooter, and then applying a magnesium fertilizer; S2: shallow ploughing and fertilizing: shallowly ploughing and ditching in the hillside orchard with a rooter, and then applying the magnesium fertilizer, wherein the ploughing depth is 0.2 to 0.3 m, and the fertilization amount is 20 to 40 g/m 2; S3: soil cultivation: conducting intertillage management of the soil where the citrus grows; S4: soil detection: sampling to detect the pH value of the soil, and then carrying out supplementary fertilization; S5: prevention: strengthening drainage of an orchard in rainy seasons, especially of a low-lying orchard; S6: foliar fertilization: for a citrus tree on which a magnesium deficiency symptom has already occurred, conducting foliar spraying of a magnesium sulfate solution with a concentration of 0.1% to 0.2 % in growing seasons of the citrus.

[0009] On the basis of the foregoing solution, in the SI, the ploughing depth is about 0.6 m, the fertilization amount is 15 to 20 g/m2 , and the fertilization time is from November to December.

[0010] Asa further solution of the invention, the magnesium fertilizer in the S2 is one or more of magnesium oxide, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and magnesium sulfate.

[0011] Furthermore, in the S3, the soil cultivation of young citrus can be divided into tree disk management and inter-row management, wherein for the tree disk management of a young tree, a clean tillage method, a mulch method or a clean tillage and mulch method can be adopted, and green manure or intercrops can be planted between rows, or intertillage and deep tillage can also be carried out; and the soil cultivation in the orchard of adult citrus can adopt the clean tillage method, the mulch method, the clean tillage and mulch method, a swarding method and a no-tillage method, wherein the swarding method is a better method which has been gradually popularized in recent years.

[0012] On the basis of the foregoing solution, in the S4, the pH value of the soil is detected, when the pH value of the soil is > 6, shallow top-dressing is conducted with 35 to 45 kg of magnesium sulfate per mu; and when the pH value of the soil is < 6, 20-28 kg of magnesium hydroxide, 22 to 28 kg of magnesium oxide, and 680 to 1,000 kg of dolomite powder, and other magnesium-containing fertilizers are applied per mu.

[0013] Asa further solution of the invention, during the sampling in the S4, the distance between two adjacent sampling points is not less than 20 to 50 m.

[0014] Furthermore, in the S5, a low-lying land is prevented from water accumulation, a hilly land is watered in time, and timely irrigation should be conducted in dry seasons.

[0015] On the basis of the foregoing solution, during the spraying of the magnesium sulfate solution in the S6, the spraying should be conducted continuously for 2 to 3 times, with an interval between two sprayings of 5 to 8 days.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard as provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects. 1. In the invention, by conducting fertilization during the rapid growth period of the citrus from April to September, the fertilizer can be absorbed quickly by the citrus, and sufficient magnesium elements can be acquired by the citrus at each growth node to enable the citrus to grow rapidly; moreover, ploughing and fertilizing to a sufficient depth can ensure the absorption of magnesium ions by the deep root system of the citrus. 2. In the invention, by the combination of shallow ploughing and fertilizing with the deep ploughing and fertilizing, a multi-layer fertilization effect can be achieved, so that the magnesium fertilizer can be well absorbed by the root system of the citrus in each growth period, and the citrus is enabled to grow normally. 3. In the invention, through reasonable cultivation, the soil fertility level can be increased, the soil ecological conditions are improved, the growth and development of the citrus are facilitated, and the yield and quality of the citrus are increased. 4. In the invention, through the step of soil detection, the soil ingredients of the citrus orchard can be fully analyzed, thereby preventing the magnesium element in local areas from failing to reach the standard and affecting the growth of the citrus. 5. The invention can avoid conditions of black roots and rotten roots caused by anaerobic respiration of the root system, can ensure the good growth and development of the root system of the citrus as well as normal absorption of nutrients, thereby meeting the nutritional requirements of the plants, and meanwhile reducing the probability of occurrence of a magnesium deficiency phenomenon to a certain extent.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the process flow structure of a method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] Referring to FIG. 1, a method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard included the following steps: Si: deep ploughing and fertilizing: deeply ploughing and ditching on a hilly area with a rooter, and then applying a magnesium fertilizer; S2: shallow ploughing and fertilizing: shallowly ploughing and ditching on the hilly area with a rooter, and then applying the magnesium fertilizer, wherein the ploughing depth was 0.2 m, and the fertilization amount was 20 g/m 2; S3: soil cultivation: conducting intertillage management of the soil where the citrus grew; S4: soil detection: sampling to detect the pH value of the soil, and then carrying out supplementary fertilization; S5: prevention: strengthening drainage of an orchard in rainy seasons, especially of a low-lying orchard; and S6: foliar fertilization: for a citrus tree on which a magnesium deficiency symptom had already occurred, conducting foliar spraying of a magnesium sulfate solution with a concentration of 0.1% in growing seasons of the citrus.

[0022] Particularly, in the invention, in the SI, the ploughing depth was 0.5 m, and the fertilization amount was 20 g/m2 . The fertilization time was from November to December, which was the rapid growth period of the citrus, and fertilization during this period could make the citrus absorb the fertilizer quickly, ensure that the citrus can acquire sufficient magnesium elements at each growth node to enable it to grow rapidly. Furthermore, ploughing and fertilizing to a sufficient depth could ensure the absorption of magnesium ions by the deep root system of the citrus. The magnesium fertilizer in the S2 was one or more of magnesium oxide, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and magnesium sulfate. By the cooperation of shallow ploughing and fertilizing with the deep ploughing and fertilizing, a multi-layer fertilization effect could be achieved, so that the magnesium fertilizer could be well absorbed by the root system of the citrus in each growth period, and the citrus was enabled to grow normally. In the S3, the soil cultivation of young citrus could be divided into tree disk management and inter-row management, wherein for the tree disk management of a young tree, a clean tillage method, a mulch method or a clean tillage and mulch method could be adopted, and green manure or intercrops could be planted between rows, and intertillage and deep tillage could also be carried out; and the soil cultivation in the orchard of adult citrus could adopt the clean tillage method, the mulch method, the clean tillage and mulch method, a swarding method and a no-tillage method, wherein the swarding method was a better method which had been gradually popularized in recent years. Through reasonable cultivation, the soil fertility level could be increased, the soil ecological conditions were improved, the growth and development of the citrus were facilitated, and the yield and quality of the citrus were increased. In the S4, the pH value of the soil was detected, wherein when the pH value of the soil was > 6, shallow top-dressing was conducted with 35 kg of magnesium sulfate per mu; and when the pH value of the soil was < 6, 20 kg of magnesium hydroxide, 22 kg of magnesium oxide, and 680 kg of dolomite powder, and other magnesium-containing fertilizers were applied per mu. Through the step of soil detection, the soil ingredients of the citrus orchard could be fully analyzed, thereby preventing the magnesium element in local areas from failing to reach the standard and affecting the growth of the citrus.

[0023] It should be noted that during the sampling in the S4, the distance between two adjacent sampling points was not less than 22 m, and ensuring a sufficient distance during the sampling could improve the representativeness of sample collection. In the S5, a low-lying land was prevented from water accumulation and a hilly land was watered in time to avoid conditions of black roots and rotten roots caused by anaerobic respiration of the root system. Timely irrigation should be conducted in dry seasons, so as to ensure the good growth and development of the root system of the citrus as well as normal absorption of nutrients, thereby meeting the nutritional requirements of the plants, and meanwhile reducing the probability of occurrence of a magnesium deficiency phenomenon to a certain extent. During the spraying of the magnesium sulfate solution in the S6, the spraying should be conducted continuously twice ,

with an interval between two sprayings of 5 days.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] Referring to FIG. 1, a method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard included the following steps: Si: deep ploughing and fertilizing: deeply ploughing and ditching on a hilly area with a rooter, and then applying a magnesium fertilizer; S2: shallow ploughing and fertilizing: shallowly ploughing and ditching on the hilly area with a rooter, and then applying the magnesium fertilizer, wherein the ploughing depth was 0.3 m, and the fertilization amount was 30 g/m 2; S3: soil cultivation: conducting intertillage management of the soil where the citrus grew; S4: soil detection: sampling to detect the pH value of the soil, and then carrying out supplementary fertilization; S5: prevention: strengthening drainage of an orchard in rainy seasons, especially of a low-lying orchard; and S6: foliar fertilization: for a citrus tree on which a magnesium deficiency symptom had already occurred, conducting foliar spraying of a 0.2% magnesium sulfate solution in growing seasons of the citrus.

[0026] Particularly, in the invention, in the SI, the ploughing depth was 0.6 m, and the fertilization amount was 15 g/m2 . The fertilization time was from November to December, which was the rapid growth period of the citrus, and fertilization during this period could make the citrus absorb the fertilizer quickly, ensure that the citrus can acquire sufficient magnesium elements at each growth node to enable it to grow rapidly. Furthermore, ploughing and fertilizing to a sufficient depth could ensure the absorption of magnesium ions by the deep root system of the citrus. The magnesium fertilizer in the S2 was one or more of magnesium oxide, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and magnesium sulfate. By the cooperation of shallow ploughing and fertilizing with the deep ploughing and fertilizing, a multi-layer fertilization effect could be achieved, so that the magnesium fertilizer could be well absorbed by the root system of the citrus in each growth period, and the citrus was enabled to grow normally. In the S3, the soil cultivation of young citrus could be divided into tree disk management and inter-row management, wherein for the tree disk management of a young tree, a clean tillage method, a mulch method or a clean tillage and mulch method could be adopted, and green manure or intercrops could be planted between rows, and intertillage and deep tillage could also be carried out; and the soil cultivation in the orchard of adult citrus could adopt the clean tillage method, the mulch method, the clean tillage and mulch method, a swarding method and a no-tillage method, wherein the swarding method was a better method which had been gradually popularized in recent years. Through reasonable cultivation, the soil fertility level could be increased, the soil ecological conditions were improved, the growth and development of the citrus were facilitated, and the yield and quality of the citrus were increased. In the S4, the pH value of the soil was detected, wherein when the pH value of the soil was > 6, shallow top-dressing was conducted with 40 kg of magnesium sulfate per mu; and when the pH value of the soil was < 6, 24 kg of magnesium hydroxide, 24 kg of magnesium oxide, and 800 kg of dolomite powder, and other magnesium-containing fertilizers were applied per mu. Through the step of soil detection, the soil ingredients of the citrus orchard could be fully analyzed, thereby preventing the magnesium element in local areas from failing to reach the standard and affecting the growth of the citrus.

[0027] It should be noted that during the sampling in the S4, the distance between two adjacent sampling points was not less than 35 m, and ensuring a sufficient distance during the sampling could improve the representativeness of sample collection. In the S5, a low-lying land was prevented from water accumulation and a hilly land was watered in time to avoid conditions of black roots and rotten roots caused by anaerobic respiration of the root system. Timely irrigation should be conducted in dry seasons, so as to ensure the good growth and development of the root system of the citrus as well as normal absorption of nutrients, thereby meeting the nutritional requirements of the plants, and meanwhile reducing the probability of occurrence of a magnesium deficiency phenomenon to a certain extent. During the spraying of the magnesium sulfate solution in the S6, the spraying should be conducted continuously for 3 times, with an interval between twice spraying of 6 days.

[0028] Example 3

[0029] Referring to FIG. 1, a method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard included the following steps: Si: deep ploughing and fertilizing: deeply ploughing and ditching on a hilly area with a rooter, and then applying a magnesium fertilizer; S2: shallow ploughing and fertilizing: shallowly ploughing and ditching on the hilly area with a rooter, and then applying the magnesium fertilizer, wherein the ploughing depth was 0.3 m, and the fertilization amount was 35 g/m 2; S3: soil cultivation: conducting intertillage management of the soil where the citrus grew; S4: soil detection: sampling to detect the pH value of the soil, and then carrying out supplementary fertilization; S5: prevention: strengthening drainage of an orchard in rainy seasons, especially of a low-lying orchard; and S6: foliar fertilization: for a citrus tree on which a magnesium deficiency symptom had already occurred, conducting foliar spraying of a 0.2% magnesium sulfate solution in growing seasons of the citrus.

[0030] Particularly, in the invention, in the SI, the ploughing depth was 0.7m, and the fertilization amount was 20 g/m2 . The fertilization time was from November to December, which was the rapid growth period of the citrus, and fertilization during this period could make the citrus absorb the fertilizer quickly, ensure that the citrus can acquire sufficient magnesium elements at each growth node to enable it to grow rapidly. Furthermore, ploughing and fertilizing to a sufficient depth could ensure the absorption of magnesium ions by the deep root system of the citrus. The magnesium fertilizer in the S2 was one or more of magnesium oxide, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and magnesium sulfate. By the cooperation of shallow ploughing and fertilizing with the deep ploughing and fertilizing, a multi-layer fertilization effect could be achieved, so that the magnesium fertilizer could be well absorbed by the root system of the citrus in each growth period, and the citrus was enabled to grow normally. In the S3, the soil cultivation of young citrus could be divided into tree disk management and inter-row management, wherein for the tree disk management of a young tree, a clean tillage method, a mulch method or a clean tillage and mulch method could be adopted, and green manure or intercrops could be planted between rows, and intertillage and deep tillage could also be carried out; and the soil cultivation in the orchard of adult citrus could adopt the clean tillage method, the mulch method, the clean tillage and mulch method, a swarding method and a no-tillage method, wherein the swarding method was a better method which had been gradually popularized in recent years. Through reasonable cultivation, the soil fertility level could be increased, the soil ecological conditions were improved, the growth and development of the citrus were facilitated, and the yield and quality of the citrus were increased. In the S4, the pH value of the soil was detected, wherein when the pH value of the soil was > 6, shallow top-dressing was conducted with 42 kg of magnesium sulfate per mu; and when the pH value of the soil was < 6, 27 kg of magnesium hydroxide, 27 kg of magnesium oxide, and 950 kg of dolomite powder, and other magnesium-containing fertilizers were applied per mu. Through the step of soil detection, the soil ingredients of the citrus orchard could be fully analyzed, thereby preventing the magnesium element in local areas from failing to reach the standard and affecting the growth of the citrus.

[0031] It should be noted that during the sampling in the S4, the distance between two adjacent sampling points was not less than 45 m, and ensuring a sufficient distance during the sampling could improve the representativeness of sample collection. In the S5, a low-lying land was prevented from water accumulation and a hilly land was watered in time to avoid conditions of black roots and rotten roots caused by anaerobic respiration of the root system. Timely irrigation should be conducted in dry seasons, so as to ensure the good growth and development of the root system of the citrus as well as normal absorption of nutrients, thereby meeting the nutritional requirements of the plants, and meanwhile reducing the probability of occurrence of a magnesium deficiency phenomenon to a certain extent. During the spraying of the magnesium sulfate solution in the S6, the spraying should be conducted continuously for 3 times, with an interval between twice spraying of 8 days.

[0032] In the description herein, it should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for distinguishing one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order among these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, substance or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or the elements inherent to such process, method, substance or device.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard, comprising the following steps: Sl: deep ploughing and fertilizing: deeply ploughing and ditching on a hilly area with a rooter, and then applying a magnesium fertilizer; S2: shallow ploughing and fertilizing: shallowly ploughing and ditching on the hilly area with a rooter, and then applying the magnesium fertilizer, wherein the ploughing depth is 0.2 0.3 m, and the fertilization amount is 20-40 g/m2; S3: soil cultivation: conducting intertillage management of the soil where the citrus grows; S4: soil detection: sampling to detect the pH value of the soil, and then carrying out supplementary fertilization; S5: prevention: strengthening drainage of an orchard in rainy seasons, especially of a low-lying orchard; and S6: foliar fertilization: for a citrus tree on which a magnesium deficiency symptom has already occurred, conducting foliar spraying of a magnesium sulfate solution with a concentration of 0.1% to 0.2% in growing seasons of the citrus.

2. The method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard of claim 1, wherein in the SI, the ploughing depth is about 0.6 m, the fertilization amount is 15-20 g/m2 and the fertilization time is from November to December. ,

3. The method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard of claim 1, wherein the magnesium fertilizer in the S2 is one or more of magnesium oxide, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and magnesium sulfate.

4. The method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard of claim 1, wherein in the S3, the soil cultivation of young citrus can be divided into tree disk management and inter-row management, wherein for the tree disk management of a young tree, a clean tillage method, a mulch method or a clean tillage and mulch method can be adopted, and green manure or intercrops can be planted between rows, or intertillage and deep tillage can also be carried out; and the soil cultivation in the orchard of adult citrus can adopt the clean tillage method, the mulch method, the clean tillage and mulch method, a swarding method and a no-tillage method, wherein the swarding method is a better method which has been gradually popularized in recent years.

5. The method for supplementing magnesium in a hillside citrus orchard of claim 1, wherein in the S4, the pH value of the soil is detected, when the pH value of the soil is > 6, shallow top-dressing is conducted with 35to 45 kg of magnesium sulfate per mu; and when the pH value of the soil is < 6, 20 to 28 kg of magnesium hydroxide, 22to 28 kg of magnesium oxide, and 680 to 1,000 kg of dolomite powder, and other magnesium-containing fertilizers are applied per mu; or wherein during the sampling in the S4, the distance between two adjacent sampling points is not less than 20 to 50 m; or wherein in the S5, a low-lying land is prevented from water accumulation, a hilly land is watered in time, and timely irrigation should be conducted in dry seasons; or wherein during the spraying of the magnesium sulfate solution in the S6, the spraying should be conducted continuously for 2 to 3 times, with an interval between two sprayings of 5 to 8 days.