CN109392347A - A kind of ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method - Google Patents
A kind of ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109392347A CN109392347A CN201811330187.6A CN201811330187A CN109392347A CN 109392347 A CN109392347 A CN 109392347A CN 201811330187 A CN201811330187 A CN 201811330187A CN 109392347 A CN109392347 A CN 109392347A
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- french drain
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- conditioner
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method, 1) it is arranged firstly, to carry out thick ground type to construction site greenery patches；2) soil hardening stuffiness is tedded；3) it in the soil structure improved addictive conditioner of the upper soll layer paving 15cm thickness tedded, then carries out uniformly ploughing deeply 80cm, conditioner and soil is uniformly mixed；4) on the greenery patches for having mixed soil structure improved addictive conditioner, it is configured the main water drenching ditch and branch water drenching ditch of lower salt discharge, a main water drenching ditch is arranged in outermost at the construction field (site), branch water drenching ditch square crossing is in main water drenching french drain, one is arranged at interval of 5 meters, main, branch french drain, which intersects, to be connected, and the french drain bag or finished product blind pipe for being inoculated with stone nitre are laid in ditch, forms the net of subdrainage salt discharge；Ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method provided by the invention, with agrology, agrobiology, ecological scheduling theory and technology, it excludes or prevention and treatment influences crops fertility and causes the unfavorable factors such as soil degradation, improve soil property, increase soil fertility, creates good soil environment condition for crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological improving technology fields, furtherly more particularly to a kind of ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement side
Method.
Background technique
Nowadays society's rapid development, science and technology is constantly progressive, and the following serious problem is exactly: people's milli it is immoderate to
Soil is asked for, so that the soil depended on for existence is scarred.In order to guarantee that peasant constantly increases production, the dream that peasant brother increases income is guarded
Think, it is necessary to ameliorative measure be taken to soil, especially after " ten, soil " publication, soil issues increasingly constitute environmental protection from now on
The most important thing of cause.
Currently, most of small-sized bio-farm all undergos the puzzlement of low productivity, the founder on these farms is not
The weary passion for changing environment and attempting to solve food-safety problem, but passion and enthusiasm can not bring good harvest, conviction and letter
The heart can not bring income true.The relations of production has evolved to the Internet era of global-intercommunication interconnection, original
Low productivity representated by production method can not adapt to the advanced relations of production, ask after all or by science solution
Topic, the science and technology of " close friend " can avoid harm and wind brought by " scientific " chemical farming while solving the problems, such as
Danger.Soil, fertilizer, pest and disease damage, are three big bottlenecks of organic agriculture, and high investment, low output, Gao Chengben are three of organic agriculture
Mountain.In this way, the ecological agriculture or natural agriculture are even more that can not avoid problem as above, because of the most of ecology of China, nature
The production of agricultural is all peasant's mode, and these problems are inevitable more prominent.
Soil is self-evident for the importance of agricultural.With the essence that soil is this what is? it is known that chemical farming
Soil is used predatoryly, can bring soil hardening, soil erosion, nutrient imbalance and pollution of area source etc..What majority was engaged in agriculture
People might not but understand the essence and intension that soil is this, and many bio-farms and organic farm are in order to keep yield, every year
All manure uses in large quantities, it is few then 2-3 tons per acre, more then 4-5 tons.Once organic fertilizer is few, yield is then decreased obviously, several
Soil just will appear salination after year, although the organic matter of this piece soil and main mineral elements and many, seem still
It is lifeless.Soil is made of " four phases ", i.e. solid phase, liquid phase, gas phase and microbial.From the point of view of agricultural production, soil
Microorganism is a most important phase.The core of soil improvement is the total amount for improving edaphon and activity in natural ecological environment
In, the growth of soil microbe quantity is extremely slowly, the balance of low productivity, Wo Menxu to be in the relationship of aerial plant
Higher output is obtained, that is, reaches the balance of more high productivity, this certainly will need people in the case where not destroying ecological environment
Work intervention.Total amount is improved to mean to that the microorganism in soil is allowed quickly to breed growth.Although current science can only will be insufficient
5% edaphon separation or classification, but it is known that the Nutrition Mechanism of microorganism, that is, it is total to meet all microorganisms
With the nutrition needed, and meet the other conditions for being suitble to its growth and breeding.Applying decomposed organic fertilizer can be described as at present absolutely
The main selection of the means on most of farms and bio-farm, organic farm.It is applied from the point of view of this season nutrient is provided rotten
Ripe organic fertilizer is beneficial, and simple and easy to do, but the organic fertilizer total amount and output put into every year is then high-cost flat
Weighing apparatus, not the high productivity on ecological significance balances；In addition, decomposed organic fertilizer composting process have been completed biochemical reaction and
Mineralising reaction, applying into soil not is that edaphon increases direct nutrient required for breeding, for edaphon
Growth breeding effect it is little.
In addition, some farms are simply letted a piece of farmland go to waste 2-3 years after taking soil, referred to as restored with elements, it is this
Way is not within minority.If soil has a degree of pollution, only by the spontaneous recovery for the formula of letting a piece of farmland go to waste, 2-3 years are inadequate
, it is necessary to manual intervention.So have to plant on the basis of soil improvement rather than the idle (kind of plant rhizosphere microbe
Group and quantity often several orders of magnitude higher than edaphon), it is beneficial to improve the quantity of edaphon in this way.It should be noted that
, from the purpose of soil improvement, the green manure class plant of plantation, after growth and maturity can returning to the field it is more organic to increase
Matter, traditional green manure plant can turn in growth period into ground, to increase the fertility of this season.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem and the technical solution adopted is that provide a kind of ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement
Method, wherein the specific technical proposal is:
1) it is arranged firstly, to carry out thick ground type to construction site greenery patches；
2) soil hardening stuffiness is tedded；
3) it in the soil structure improved addictive conditioner of the upper soll layer paving 15cm thickness tedded, is then uniformly ploughed deeply
80cm is uniformly mixed conditioner and soil；
4) on the greenery patches for having mixed soil structure improved addictive conditioner, main water drenching ditch and the branch water drenching of lower salt discharge are configured
Ditch, a main water drenching ditch is arranged in outermost at the construction field (site), and branch water drenching ditch square crossing is in main water drenching french drain, at interval of 5 meters of cloth
One is set, main, branch french drain, which intersects, to be connected, and the french drain bag or finished product blind pipe for being inoculated with stone nitre are laid in ditch, forms subdrainage salt discharge
Network；
1) main water drenching french drain: collection, draining for convenience, using mechanical side at the construction field (site) dig a upper mouth width 60cm,
The trapezoidal gutter of lower mouth width 40cm, deep about 120cm, bottom of trench are laid with the french drain bag or finished product blind pipe of a diameter 20cm, in bag
It is filled up with stone, after the completion of laying, french drain bag is covered with net stone nitre in bottom of trench, is filled to 30cm high, then on net stone nitre surface layer
It is laid with one layer of shading net, prevents soil from infiltering water drenching layer, later backfills remaining 90cm with original soil, the effect of main french drain is to collect
Branch french drain collects the water come, and is discharged in river, municipal catch-basin or sump；
2) branch water drenching french drain: a upper mouth width is dug again at interval of 5m square crossing on the main water drenching french drain dug
The trapezoid-shaped trench of 60cm, lower mouth width 40cm, deep about 120cm, intersect with the main water drenching french drain set and are connected, the same french drain of the practice；
5) after handling above, to there are still hardened soil block be crushed and extract soil sample chemical examination, mixed according to result
Acid conditioner is mixed, then dosage carries out the arrangement of thin ground type depending on result of laboratory test；
6) it in order to accelerate natural rainfall and fresh water pouring to the speed of soil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching salt discharge, is beaten on greenery patches surface layer at interval of 2m
The stone nitre hole of one diameter 10cm is inserted in hole after uniformly being mixed the acid conditioner of net stone nitre and 20%, promotes row
Salt draining is unobstructed, and effectively controls P in soil H below 8.
7) seedling growth
A. tall, shrub plant: digging plant pit first requires vertical cut, plant pit mouth and the same diameter in plant pit bottom, and plant pit diameter is
10 times or more of nursery stock trunk diameter, plant pit dig after plant pit bottom dig a gutter, inside fill out small stone nitre, plant pit be connected to distance
Then nearest branch water drenching french drain spreads 15 centimeters of net stones in plant pit bottom, and spreads layer of non-woven fabric, then backfill 10cm coarse sand
It flattens, is lain in plant pit between two parties when transplanting nursery stock, the gap between crater wall and soil ball is filled out with the mixture of conditioner
The coarse sand of 30cm depth and the mixture of conditioner, fill up plant pit after finally mixing improving fertilizer with the original soil that plant pit is dug out, and do
Good retaining ring after being watered with root water, carries out support protection according to tall, shrub difference；
B. it is transplanted
Original soil has mixed conditioner, and earth's surface is affixed by improving fertilizer 10cm and plough deeply and smooth can transplant after tall, shrub plantation
Ground cover plant.
Above-mentioned ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method, in which: soil salt should be first measured, taking soil layer is 0 to 10 centimetre,
10 to 30 centimetres, 30 to 60 centimetres of soil calculates salinity average content, with weighted average, except total salt amount of chemical examination soil
Outside, eight- ions in soil, the i.e. content of CO32-, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+ are also analyzed,
To be compared, they are the important evidences for determining measure of improving the soil.In practical greening work, small-sized afforestation project often only
The salt content and pH value for surveying 10 to 50 centimetres of plantation layers simplify chemical examination content, and watering pours water has to measurement salinity and pH value,
Change soil acidity or alkalinity with chemical improvement agent, chemical improvement agent have lime, gypsum, ardealite, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate,
Calcium humate, depending on soil property and select use, need gypsuming, ardealite etc. to go out soil glue with calcium ion-exchanged alkali-affected soil
The sodium ion in body surface face reduces the pH value of soil, to acid soil, then needs liming substance.
Above-mentioned ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method, in which: in water drenching french drain scheme, diameter 20cm french drain band is set,
Surrounding places net stone nitre, above sets shading net, is backfilled above with original soil.
Above-mentioned ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method, in which: be obliquely installed in seedling growth technique, on french drain permeable
It manages, rockfill nitre in water-permeable pipe, and the net stone of 15cm on water-permeable pipe, the above is non-woven fabrics, is the soil of improvement, plant roots on non-woven fabrics
Portion is soil ball, fills up cave after mixing half improving fertilizer with original soil above, is fixed above plant with support column, support and well cabinet frame.
Above-mentioned ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method, in which: shrub is planted in technique, is obliquely installed on french drain permeable
It manages, rockfill nitre in water-permeable pipe, and it is that 10cm coarse sand adds conditioner on non-woven fabrics that the net stone of 15cm on water-permeable pipe, the above, which is non-woven fabrics,
The above is soil ball, is that 20cm coarse sand adds conditioner around soil ball, fills up cave after mixing half improving fertilizer with original soil above plant.
Above-mentioned ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method, in which: vegetable material should be vertically buried in the earth, and be planted deep lower than plant
The online 5-10cm in cave is principle, does not answer too deep excessively shallow, is more considered as the with the passing of time sagging amplitude of recent fill, tree-like good one side in face of
Main way, first banket in tree well semicircular in shape mound before transplanting, and height is so that nursery stock meets the depth of planting for mark after putting
Standard, steady and sure after banketing, nursery stock makes that nursery stock root is sufficiently unfolded and root is combined closely with soil when putting tree well into.
Above-mentioned ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method, in which: after plant, build 10-15cm Gao Shui with soil in trees surrounding
Circle, it is new to transplant trees and irrigate first pass water in 24 hours, second time water is poured after three days, first inserted in soil ball the mode poured into
Row, after first allowing soil ball wet, if there is it is remaining it is saline and alkaline would not enter in soil ball, excessive moisture is drenched along drainage system
It walks, later depending on different tree species and weather condition
The present invention has the following beneficial effects with respect to the prior art: being managed with agrology, agrobiology, ecology etc.
It influences crops fertility by with technology, exclusion or prevention and treatment and causes the unfavorable factors such as soil degradation, improve soil property, raising soil
Earth fertility creates good soil environment condition for crops.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is soil structure improved addictive schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is subdrainage salt discharge network diagram.
Fig. 3 is water drenching french drain cross-section diagram.
Fig. 4 is seedling growth technique floor map.
Fig. 5 is that arbor plants technique sectional schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is that shrub plants technique sectional schematic diagram.
In figure:
1 conditioner 2,56 original soil of french drain, 7 shading nets of conditioner and 4 main french drain of soil after mixing half soil 3 and mixing half
8 10 plant of net 9 french drain bag of stone nitre, 11 underground water drenching french drain, 12 plant pit landfill soil 13 improves the net stone of 14 non-woven fabrics of soil 15
18 support column of sub 16 water-permeable pipe, 17 french drain, 19 well cabinet frame 20 supports 21 soil ball, 22 coarse sand and 23 fine sand of conditioner and adjusts
Manage agent
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention provides a kind of ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method, 1) firstly, to be carried out to construction site greenery patches thick
Ground type arranges；2) soil hardening stuffiness is tedded；3) in the soil texture of the upper soll layer paving 15cm thickness tedded
Conditioner is improved, then carries out uniformly ploughing deeply 80cm, conditioner and soil is uniformly mixed；4) soil knot is being mixed
Structure is improved on the greenery patches of conditioner, and the main water drenching ditch and branch water drenching ditch of lower salt discharge are configured, at the construction field (site) outermost setting one
The main water drenching ditch of item, branch water drenching ditch square crossing arrange one in main water drenching french drain, at interval of 5 meters, and main, branch french drain, which intersects, to be connected,
It is laid with the french drain bag or finished product blind pipe for being inoculated with stone nitre in ditch, forms the network of subdrainage salt discharge；
1) main water drenching french drain: collection, draining for convenience, using mechanical side at the construction field (site) dig a upper mouth width 60cm,
The trapezoidal gutter of lower mouth width 40cm, deep about 120cm, bottom of trench are laid with the french drain bag or finished product blind pipe of a diameter 20cm, in bag
It is filled up with stone, after the completion of laying, french drain bag is covered with net stone nitre in bottom of trench, is filled to 30cm high, then on net stone nitre surface layer
It is laid with one layer of shading net, prevents soil from infiltering water drenching layer, later backfills remaining 90cm with original soil, the effect of main french drain is to collect
Branch french drain collects the water come, and is discharged in river, municipal catch-basin or sump；
2) branch water drenching french drain: a upper mouth width is dug again at interval of 5m square crossing on the main water drenching french drain dug
The trapezoid-shaped trench of 60cm, lower mouth width 40cm, deep about 120cm, intersect with the main water drenching french drain set and are connected, the same french drain of the practice；
5) after handling above, to there are still hardened soil block be crushed and extract soil sample chemical examination, mixed according to result
Acid conditioner is mixed, then dosage carries out the arrangement of thin ground type depending on result of laboratory test；
6) it in order to accelerate natural rainfall and fresh water pouring to the speed of soil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching salt discharge, is beaten on greenery patches surface layer at interval of 2m
The stone nitre hole of one diameter 10cm is inserted in hole after uniformly being mixed the acid conditioner of net stone nitre and 20%, promotes row
Salt draining is unobstructed, and effectively controls P in soil H below 8.
7) seedling growth
A. tall, shrub plant: digging plant pit first requires vertical cut, plant pit mouth and the same diameter in plant pit bottom, and plant pit diameter is
10 times or more of nursery stock trunk diameter, plant pit dig after plant pit bottom dig a gutter, inside fill out small stone nitre, plant pit be connected to distance
Then nearest branch water drenching french drain spreads 15 centimeters of net stones in plant pit bottom, and spreads layer of non-woven fabric, then backfill 10cm coarse sand
It flattens, is lain in plant pit between two parties when transplanting nursery stock, the gap between crater wall and soil ball is filled out with the mixture of conditioner
The coarse sand of 30cm depth and the mixture of conditioner, fill up plant pit after finally mixing improving fertilizer with the original soil that plant pit is dug out, and do
Good retaining ring after being watered with root water, carries out support protection according to tall, shrub difference；
B. it is transplanted
Original soil has mixed conditioner, and earth's surface is affixed by improving fertilizer 10cm and plough deeply and smooth can transplant after tall, shrub plantation
Ground cover plant.
Soil salt should be first measured, taking soil layer is 0 to 10 centimetre, and 10 to 30 centimetres, 30 to 60 centimetres of soil calculates salt
Point average content in addition to total salt amount of chemical examination soil, will also analyze eight- ions in soil with weighted average, i.e. CO32-,
The content of HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, to be compared, they are the weights for determining measure of improving the soil
It will foundation.In practical greening work, small-sized afforestation project often only surveys the salt content and pH value of 10 to 50 centimetres of plantation layers, letter
Chemical examination content is changed, watering pours water has to measurement salinity and pH value, changes soil acidity or alkalinity, chemistry with chemical improvement agent
Modifying agent has lime, gypsum, ardealite, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, calcium humate, depending on soil property and select use, to alkali soil
Earth needs gypsuming, ardealite etc. to go out the sodium ion of soil colloids with calcium ion-exchanged, the pH value of soil is reduced, to acidity
Soil then needs liming substance.
In water drenching french drain scheme, diameter 20cm french drain band is set, around places net stone nitre, above sets shading net, above with original
Earthen backfill.In seedling growth technique, water-permeable pipe is obliquely installed on french drain, rockfill nitre in water-permeable pipe, the net stone of 15cm on water-permeable pipe,
The above is non-woven fabrics, is the soil of improvement on non-woven fabrics, plant root is soil ball, by cave after mixing half improving fertilizer with original soil above
It fills up, is fixed above plant with support column, support and well cabinet frame.
Shrub is planted in technique, water-permeable pipe is obliquely installed on french drain, rockfill nitre in water-permeable pipe, the net stone of 15cm on water-permeable pipe
Son, the above are non-woven fabrics, are that 10cm coarse sand adds conditioner on non-woven fabrics, the above is soil ball, is that 20cm coarse sand adds tune around soil ball
Agent is managed, fills up cave after mixing half improving fertilizer with original soil above plant.
Vegetable material should be vertically buried in the earth, and plant is deep too deep excessively shallow, as principle, not answer lower than the online 5-10cm of plant hole, more
It is considered as the with the passing of time sagging amplitude of recent fill, tree-like good one side is first banketed in tree well before transplanting in half in face of Main way
Round mound, height is so that nursery stock meets the depth of planting after putting be standard, and steady and sure after banketing, nursery stock makes nursery stock when putting tree well into
Root is sufficiently unfolded and root is combined closely with soil.
After plant, 10-15cm high hydrosphere is built with soil in trees surrounding, new plant trees irrigated first pass in 24 hours
Water, pours second time water after three days, the mode poured first is inserted in soil ball and is carried out, after first allowing soil ball wet, if there is remaining salt
Alkali would not enter in soil ball, and excessive moisture is walked along drainage system leaching, later depending on different tree species and weather condition.
For soil improvement, it is also noted that some once:
1, increase the input amount of organic fertilizer；Many growers have gradually recognized the weight of Organic Manure on Soil fertility now
The property wanted.They do not rest on traditional miscellaneous fertilizers and the excrement of domestic animal come to soil enrichment, in idea, they have realized
It arrives, by stringent production technology organic fertilizer produced, not only contains the nutrient of traditional organic fertilizer, be also rich in various crop institutes
The middle microelement needed, and it is avoided that generation that is not exclusively decomposed and leading to soil-borne disease.Tian Shi organic fertilizer is helped, soil can be improved
Earth structure, activating soil increase the available nutrient of soil, enhance tree vigo(u)r, and soil beneficial microorganism can be promoted to develop, and inhibit to make
The generation of object disease.
2, to understand and reasonably irrigate；Rational Irrigation refer to achieved the effect that as far as possible using least water source it is best, this
In to have a quantitative criteria.It can be determined according to field capacity, wilting coefficient, Available sulfur, the soil weight.It closes
Reason is irrigated it should be noted that wanting sufficiently irrigate according to the humidity of soil come the season for irrigaton of accuracy of judgement, because irrigating
Main body be plantation plant, rather than soil itself.And because the meteorological condition of different year is different, different plot plants are raw
Long different, the index of irrigation needs to make corresponding adjustment.In short, accomplishing that Rational Irrigation can not only be conserved water, be reduced
Cost increases income, and soil fertility the most crucially can be improved, and promotes high crop yield.Generally to fill within 1 year before planting
Sufficient winter water plants watering in time, can avoid perniciousness harm in this way.
3, soil biological modifying agent is suitably used, currently, have the biological agent that much can be used for soil improvement, it can be effective
Improve soil, it is proposed that using assistant Tian Shi microbial bacterial agent, high activity PAPM allelopathy bacterium is directly supplemented into soil, is directly mentioned
Profitable strain quantity in poor soil is risen, improves Bacterial community, quicklys increase soil bacterial activity and soil vitality.To dead,
Rotten equal continuous cropping illness, soil hardening, salination, peracid crosses the plot inferior such as alkali good improvement result.It is suitble to such as go to the field
Block uses: the extremely low field of the soil organism；Soil extremely acidification, extremely saliferous field；Hardened serious crop field plot
Deng.
4, infrequently soil deeptillage, using covering earth's surface strategy；This is a kind of most naturally simple method of soil protection,
It is also most healthy one kind.As its name suggests, soil deeptillage is not removed frequently exactly, it is appropriate to utilize discarded organic matter or plantation
Ground cover plant overburden soil face, for example, can mow, tangerine bar or fallen leaves branch carry out mulch farming object, provide nutrition for crops,
The water loss of soil is reduced, the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil is inhibited, reduces surface runoff, increases soil organic matter content.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, however, it is not to limit the invention, any this field skill
Art personnel, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when can make a little modification and perfect therefore of the invention protection model
It encloses to work as and subject to the definition of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method, it is characterised in that:
1) it is arranged firstly, to carry out thick ground type to construction site greenery patches；
2) soil hardening stuffiness is tedded；
3) it in the soil structure improved addictive conditioner of the upper soll layer paving 15cm thickness tedded, then carries out uniformly ploughing deeply 80cm, it will
Conditioner and soil are uniformly mixed；
4) on the greenery patches for having mixed soil structure improved addictive conditioner, it is configured the main water drenching ditch and branch water drenching ditch of lower salt discharge,
A main water drenching ditch is arranged in outermost at the construction field (site), and branch water drenching ditch square crossing is in main water drenching french drain, at interval of 5 meters of arrangements one
Item, main, branch french drain, which intersects, to be connected, and the french drain bag or finished product blind pipe for being inoculated with stone nitre are laid in ditch, forms the net of subdrainage salt discharge
Network；
1) main water drenching french drain: collection, draining for convenience dig upper a mouth width 60cm, lower mouth using mechanical side at the construction field (site)
The trapezoidal gutter of wide 40cm, deep about 120cm, bottom of trench are laid with the french drain bag or finished product blind pipe of a diameter 20cm, use stone in bag
Son fills up, and after the completion of laying, covers french drain bag with net stone nitre in bottom of trench, is filled to 30cm high, is then laid on net stone nitre surface layer
One layer of shading net, prevents soil from infiltering water drenching layer, later backfills remaining 90cm with original soil, and the effect of main french drain is that collection branch is blind
Ditch collects the water come, and is discharged in river, municipal catch-basin or sump；
2) branch water drenching french drain: dig again on the main water drenching french drain dug at interval of 5m square crossing a upper mouth width 60cm, under
The trapezoid-shaped trench of mouth width 40cm, deep about 120cm, intersect with the main water drenching french drain set and are connected, the same french drain of the practice；
5) after handling above, to there are still hardened soil block be crushed and extract soil sample chemical examination, acid is mixed according to result
Property conditioner, dosage depending on result of laboratory test, then carry out thin ground type arrangement；
6) in order to accelerate natural rainfall and fresh water pouring to the speed of soil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching salt discharge, one is made a call at interval of 2m on greenery patches surface layer
The stone nitre hole of diameter 10cm is inserted in hole after uniformly being mixed the acid conditioner of net stone nitre and 20%, promotes salt discharge row
Water is unobstructed, and effectively controls P in soil H below 8.
7) seedling growth
A. tall, shrub plant: digging plant pit requires vertical cut, plant pit mouth and the same diameter in plant pit bottom first, and plant pit diameter is nursery stock
10 times or more of trunk diameter, plant pit dig after plant pit bottom dig a gutter, inside fill out small stone nitre, by plant pit be connected to distance recently
Branch water drenching french drain, then spread 15 centimeters of net stones in plant pit bottom, and spread layer of non-woven fabric, then backfill 10cm coarse sand and adjust
The mixture leveling for managing agent, lies in plant pit between two parties when transplanting nursery stock, and 30cm depth is filled out in the gap between crater wall and soil ball
Coarse sand and conditioner mixture, plant pit is filled up after finally mixing improving fertilizer with the original soil that plant pit is dug out, and carry out water blocking
Circle after being watered with root water, carries out support protection according to tall, shrub difference；
B. it is transplanted
Original soil has mixed conditioner, after tall, shrub plantation earth's surface be affixed by improving fertilizer 10cm plough deeply it is smooth can planting-site quilt
Plant.
2. ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: should first measure soil salt, take
Soil layer is 0 to 10 centimetre, and 10 to 30 centimetres, 30 to 60 centimetres of soil calculates salinity average content and removed with weighted average
Outside the total salt amount for chemically examining soil, also to analyze eight- ions in soil, i.e. CO32-, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, Ca2+,
The content of Mg2+, K+, Na+, to be compared, they are the important evidences for determining measure of improving the soil.In practical greening work,
Small-sized afforestation project often only surveys the salt content and pH value of 10 to 50 centimetres of plantation layers, simplifies chemical examination content, watering pours water is certain
Salinity and pH value are measured, changing soil acidity or alkalinity, chemical improvement agent with chemical improvement agent has lime, gypsum, phosphorus stone
Cream, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, calcium humate, depending on soil property and select use, gypsuming, ardealite etc. are needed to alkali-affected soil
The sodium ion for going out soil colloids with calcium ion-exchanged reduces the pH value of soil, to acid soil, then needs liming object
Matter.
3. ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: in water drenching french drain scheme, setting
Diameter 20cm french drain band, around places net stone nitre, above sets shading net, backfilled above with original soil.
4. ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: in seedling growth technique, french drain
On be obliquely installed water-permeable pipe, it is to change on non-woven fabrics that rockfill nitre in water-permeable pipe, and the net stone of 15cm on water-permeable pipe, the above is non-woven fabrics
Good soil, plant root are soil balls, fill up cave after mixing half improving fertilizer with original soil above, with support column, branch above plant
Support and well cabinet frame are fixed.
5. ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: shrub is planted in technique, french drain
On be obliquely installed water-permeable pipe, rockfill nitre in water-permeable pipe, and the net stone of 15cm on water-permeable pipe, the above is non-woven fabrics, is on non-woven fabrics
10cm coarse sand adds conditioner, and the above is soil ball, is that 20cm coarse sand adds conditioner around soil ball, mixes half improvement with original soil above plant
Cave is filled up after fertilizer.
6. ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: vegetable material should be vertically earthed
In, plant is deep too deep excessively shallow, as principle, not answer lower than the online 5-10cm of plant hole, it is more considered as the with the passing of time sagging amplitude of recent fill,
Tree-like good one side is in face of Main way, and first banket in tree well semicircular in shape mound before transplanting, after height is so that nursery stock puts
Meeting the depth of planting is standard, steady and sure after banketing, and nursery stock makes that nursery stock root is sufficiently unfolded and root and soil are tight when putting tree well into
Close combination.
7. ecological environment-friendly type soil improvement method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: after plant, used in trees surrounding
Soil builds 10-15cm high hydrosphere, and new plant trees irrigate first pass water in 24 hours, second time water is poured after three days, first in soil ball
The upper mode poured of inserting carries out, after first allowing soil ball wet, if there is it is remaining it is saline and alkaline would not enter in soil ball, excessive moisture is suitable
Drainage system leaching walk, later depending on different tree species and weather condition.
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Application publication date: 20190301 |