CN102845215A - Economical and quick method for planting salinized soil lawn - Google Patents
Economical and quick method for planting salinized soil lawn Download PDFInfo
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- CN102845215A CN102845215A CN2012103788667A CN201210378866A CN102845215A CN 102845215 A CN102845215 A CN 102845215A CN 2012103788667 A CN2012103788667 A CN 2012103788667A CN 201210378866 A CN201210378866 A CN 201210378866A CN 102845215 A CN102845215 A CN 102845215A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an economical and quick method for planting salinized soil lawn, and relates to the field of the treatment of salinized soil. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) tidying the salinized soil; (2) building a drainage canal; (3) applying organic fertilizer, silver sand and base fertilizer; (4) building ridges, and desalting in an elution way; (5) selecting the grass variety; (6) building and planting a grass blanket; (7) transplanting the grass blanket; and (8) managing the cultivation. According to the method, the structure of the salinized soil can be effectively improved, the naked surface of the salinized soil can be covered, the evaporation of water on the surface of the ground can be reduced, and the salt content of surface soil can be reduced; the method is low in planting cost, the salinized soil can be comprehensively used in large area, and the structure of the plant of the salinized soil can be adjusted; and the plant cover area of the salinized soil can be enlarged, and the ecological environment can be protected and improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to saline soil and administer the field, relate in particular to the method for the quick salt-affected soil planting lawn of a kind of economy.
Background technology
China's saline soil gross area has 9,913 ten thousand hm
2(be square measure, the expression hectare, generally is used for the calculating of land area by namely 10000 square metres.), mainly be distributed in 5 Da Qu, i.e. northeast arid saline-alkali soil district, North China saline-alkali soil district, the semiarid saline-alkali soil in northwest district, northwest drought saline-alkali soil district and coastal saline-alkali Tu Qu.Because have a large amount of salinities in the saline soil, basicity is excessive, soil property is relatively poor, has caused very large difficulty for these regional urban afforestation and environmental improvement.Grass is commented the important component part as environmental greening, not only can afforest, beautify the environment, the improvement environmental ecology, and planting on saline soil, can also reduce surface evaporation, suppress the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil, reduce the top layer salt content of soil, play the saline and alkaline effect of improvement, and be further landscape tree, proportion of crop planting is created a good condition.
The saline soil method of planting lawn mainly is the soil moved in to improve the original method at present, the dark saline soil of greenbelt 0.8～1.5 m is changed to non-salty-soil, and lays the thick separation layer of 0.2～0.3 m, then lawn planting under non-salty-soil.Soil moved in to improve the original method cost is higher, and the greening cost in moderate, heavy salinized area reaches 200-300 unit/m
2, have in addition up to 500 yuan/m
2, be unfavorable for spread.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming and defect that prior art exists, the method for the quick salt-affected soil planting lawn of a kind of economy is provided.Utilize the present invention can large tracts of land the comprehensive utilization saline land, adjust the structure of saline soil vegetation, enlarge the saline-alkali land vegetation area coverage, protect and improve the ecological environment.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
1, basic ideas
On saline soil during lawn planting, with fertilizer (pig manure or cow dung) and each 10%(mass ratio of fine sand) apply to improve the saline soil soil structure, be convenient to the plant ventilation, the saline soil Leaching and desalinization, and cut off salinity and rise, the desalination of ridge solid water built, build drainage ditch and guarantee that draining is unimpeded, select the Salt And Alkali Tolerance grass seeds to carry out first careless blanket planting and transplant careless blanket again, careless blanket is at the greening thick fermentation fertilizers of nonwoven upper berth 3 cm (pig manure or cow dung), broadcasts sowing or vegetative reproduction.
2, concrete scheme
This method comprises the following steps:
1. salt-affected soil arrangement
Turn over before the plantation; Loose table soil increases water penetration.
2. build drainage ditch
Dig the trunk canal.The assurance draining is unimpeded, reduces water level.
3. application of organic fertilizers, fine sand, base fertilizer
In the dark salt-affected soil layer of 0-25cm, according to saline soil unit weight 1.50-1.83g/cm
3Convert, by the quality of salt-affected soil apply fertilizer and fine sand each 10%;
And press salt-affected soil top layer area, with 20-30g/m
2Join and apply fertilizer to the subsoil N:P:K=1:2:2, again rotary tillage mixing;
Described fertilizer is pig manure or cow dung, to the no requirement (NR) of whether fermenting.
4. build and build ridge, Leaching and desalinization
After building the high ridge of 10 cm around the turf establishment ground, full irrigation water once, Leaching and desalinization reduces the saline soil salt content;
5. grass seed selection
Select the Salt And Alkali Tolerance grass seeds, different according to the salt content of salt-affected soil and region, select different grass species:
During salt content (referring to quality)≤1.2 %, select English ryegrass (
Lolium perenneL.), annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) and/or Festuca Arundinacea (
Festuca arundinacea);
During salt content 〉=1.2 %, the plantation seashore paspalum (
Paspalum Vaginatum), salt grass (
Distichlis Spicata), Korea lawn grass (
Zoysia japonica) and/or Bermuda grass (
Cynodon dactylon);
To select grass seeds according to the maximum temperature in winter minimum temperature and summer:
English ryegrass, seashore paspalum and Bermuda grass are not suitable in Tianjin and the northern area plantation;
English ryegrass, annual bluegrass and Festuca Arundinacea are not suitable for planting on the south China the Changjiang river.
6. careless blanket planting
Fertilizer (pig manure or cow dung) after the greening nonwoven is laid the thick fermentation of 3cm broadcasts sowing or the vegetative reproduction grass seeds;
Before the grass seeds germination was unearthed, sprayed water to fertilizer every day, guarantees that fertilizer is moistening; After grass seeds is emerged, watered once every 2-3 days, after the natural plant height degree is greater than 6cm, prune grass (pruning is no more than 1/3 longitudinal growth cauline leaf length) by 1/3 principle.
Wherein English ryegrass, annual bluegrass and Festuca Arundinacea are suitable for spring and autumn, and temperature is planted under 12-23 ℃ of condition; Seashore paspalum, salt grass, Korea lawn grass and Bermuda grass are suitable for the spring temperature and are planting under the condition more than 18 ℃.
7. careless blanket is transplanted
Grass blanket lawn coverage rate 〉=90%, finish prune for 3 times after, utilize the greening nonwoven that careless blanket has been turned, sod on through the salt-affected soil after 1. 2. 3. 4. step is put in order.
8. cultivation management
In time cut grass, water, and according to salt-affected soil nutrient situation and Turfgrass Growth needs, determine nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio N:P:K=1:2:2, the compounding application trace element carries out rational application of fertilizers, the compounding application trace element.
3, operation principle
By in soil, applying 10% fertilizer and 10% fine sand, improve the salt-affected soil structure, be convenient to the salt-affected soil Leaching and desalinization, and cut off salinity and rise; Build and build ridge, full irrigation can carry out the solid water Leaching and desalinization to salt-affected soil, reduces the saline soil salt content; Select to afforest nonwoven planting grass blanket, be convenient to form the turf volume, be easy to transplant, and the greening nonwoven can intercept the salinity rising; Elder generation's planting grass blanket is transplanted again, thus in the short time on salt-affected soil lawn planting, reach maximum coverage rate.
The present invention has following advantages and good effect:
1. can effectively improve at short notice the salt-affected soil structure, cover the exposed earth's surface of salt-affected soil, reduce ground moisture evaporation, reduce the top layer salt content of soil;
2. planting cost is low, can large tracts of land fully utilize salt-affected soil, adjusts the structure of saline-alkali land vegetation;
3. it is long-pending to enlarge the salt-affected soil vegetated surface, protects and improves the ecological environment.
Embodiment
Describe in detail below in conjunction with embodiment:
One, method
1, step 1. in
Requiring the Soil tillage degree of depth is 25-35 cm, in time rakes after ploughing, a kind of farm tools is broken, carries out rake, a kind of farm tools is worked continuously.
2, step 2. in
The requirement trunk canal communicates, and is connected with the agricultural drain system, and the trunk canal width is at 2-3 m, dark 10-12 m, and level ground bedside degree is between 10-15 m.
3, step 3. in
Nitrogenous fertilizer is selected urea, carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulfate, and its consumption is 4-6 g/m
2
Phosphate fertilizer ssp dnab, its consumption are 8-12 g/m
2
Potash fertilizer is selected potassium sulphate or potassium nitrate, and its consumption is 8-12 g/m
2
4, step 8. in
Trace element is selected magnesium sulfate 7.40-9.40 g/m
2, Zinc sulfate monohydrate 0.5-1.5 g/m
2, borax 1-2 g/m
2With ammonium molybdate 0.04-0.10 g/m
2
Per 4 all Nitrogen Top Dressings once, consumption 4-6 g/m
2
Per 4 all foliage-spray 0.4-0.6 g/m
2EDTA-Fe.
Two, test situation
1, test one: the lab simulation of leaching desalination and the accumulation of salt in the surface soil
Reach 6% salt-affected soil with stalk, fertilizer and fine sand and salt content and be mixed into plant growth medium by the different proportion collocation, simulation laboratory test by washing desalination and the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, the eluting water delivery time of difference first of determination and analysis, 100ml and 1000ml, eluting water salt content and pH value, the indexs such as the salt content of top layer and deep soil, pH value and relative water content behind the wash-out, find:
It is the most obvious that the plant growth medium that 10% fertilizer+10% fine sand+80% salt-affected soil mixes is compared other matrix washing desalting effect, can significantly suppress the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, and soil moisture content is moderate simultaneously
2, test two: screening matrix scheme planting lawn lab simulation
By the different salt-resistant type English ryegrasses of choosing seeds, annual bluegrass, Korea lawn grass and salt grass, find:
Turfgrass can both well-grown on the plant growth medium that 10% fertilizer+10% fine sand+80% salt-affected soil mixes, and lawn coverage reaches more than 90%, and turf quality reaches more than 8.5.
3, test three: screening matrix scheme planting lawn land for growing field crops checking
After by the proportioning of 10% fertilizer+10% fine sand the dark salt-affected soil layer of 0-25cm being transformed, carry out different lawns carelessly blanket sod and sow, turfgrass can cover the exposed salt-affected soil more than 95% in the short time, turf quality reaches more than 8.5.
Claims (5)
1. the method for the quick salt-affected soil planting lawn of economy is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1. salt-affected soil arrangement
Turn over before the plantation;
2. build drainage ditch
Dig the trunk canal;
3. application of organic fertilizers, fine sand, base fertilizer
In the dark salt-affected soil layer of 0-25cm, according to saline soil unit weight 1.50-1.83g/cm
3Convert, by the quality of salt-affected soil apply fertilizer and fine sand each 10%;
And press salt-affected soil top layer area, with 20-30g/m
2Join and apply fertilizer to the subsoil N:P:K=1:2:2, again rotary tillage mixing;
4. build and build ridge, Leaching and desalinization
After building the high ridge of 10 cm around the turf establishment ground, full irrigation water once, Leaching and desalinization reduces the saline soil salt content;
5. grass seed selection
Select the Salt And Alkali Tolerance grass seeds, different according to the salt content of salt-affected soil and region, select different grass species:
During salt content≤1.2 %, select English ryegrass, annual bluegrass and/or Festuca Arundinacea;
During salt content 〉=1.2 %, plantation seashore paspalum, salt grass, Korea lawn grass and/or Bermuda grass;
To select grass seeds according to the maximum temperature in winter minimum temperature and summer:
English ryegrass, seashore paspalum and Bermuda grass are not suitable in Tianjin and the northern area plantation;
English ryegrass, annual bluegrass and Festuca Arundinacea are not suitable for planting on the south China the Changjiang river;
6. careless blanket planting
Fertilizer after the greening nonwoven is laid the thick fermentation of 3cm broadcasts sowing or the vegetative reproduction grass seeds;
Before the grass seeds germination was unearthed, sprayed water to fertilizer every day, guarantees that fertilizer is moistening; After grass seeds is emerged, watered once every 2-3 days, after the natural plant height degree is greater than 6cm, prune grass by 1/3 principle;
Wherein English ryegrass, annual bluegrass and Festuca Arundinacea are suitable for spring and autumn, and temperature is planted under 12-23 ℃ of condition; Seashore paspalum, salt grass, Korea lawn grass and Bermuda grass are suitable for the spring temperature and are planting under the condition more than 18 ℃;
7. careless blanket is transplanted
Grass blanket lawn coverage rate 〉=90%, finish prune for 3 times after, utilize the greening nonwoven that careless blanket has been turned, sod on through the salt-affected soil after 1. 2. 3. 4. step is put in order;
8. cultivation management
In time cut grass, water, and according to salt-affected soil nutrient situation and Turfgrass Growth needs, determine nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio N:P:K=1:2:2, the compounding application trace element carries out rational application of fertilizers, the compounding application trace element.
2. by the method for salt-affected soil planting lawn claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that step is 1.:
Requiring the Soil tillage degree of depth is 25-35 cm, in time rakes after ploughing, a kind of farm tools is broken, carries out rake, a kind of farm tools is worked continuously.
3. by the method for salt-affected soil planting lawn claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that step is 2.:
The requirement trunk canal communicates, and is connected with the agricultural drain system, and the trunk canal width is at 2-3 m, dark 10-12 m, and level ground bedside degree is between 10-15 m.
4. by the method for salt-affected soil planting lawn claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that step is 3.:
Nitrogenous fertilizer is selected urea, carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulfate, and its consumption is 4-6 g/m
2
Phosphate fertilizer ssp dnab, its consumption are 8-12 g/m
2
Potash fertilizer is selected potassium sulphate or potassium nitrate, and its consumption is 8-12 g/m
2
5. by the method for salt-affected soil planting lawn claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that step is 8.:
Trace element is selected magnesium sulfate 7.40-9.40 g/m
2, Zinc sulfate monohydrate 0.5-1.5 g/m
2, borax 1-2 g/m
2With ammonium molybdate 0.04-0.10 g/m
2
Per 4 all Nitrogen Top Dressings once, consumption 4-6 g/m
2
Per 4 all foliage-spray 0.4-0.6 g/m
2EDTA-Fe.
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| CN2012103788667A CN102845215A (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2012-10-09 | Economical and quick method for planting salinized soil lawn |
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| CN104186137A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-12-10 | 山东神力企业发展有限公司 | Technology for cultivating and greening tall fescue grass on inshore mud flat saline-alkali soil |
| CN104206215A (en) * | 2013-06-02 | 2014-12-17 | 殷海波 | Rice template transplanting method |
| CN104255105A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2015-01-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Saline-alkali soil powder ridge light salt productive farming method |
| CN104770151A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2015-07-15 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Simplified planting method for coastal severe saline-alkali soil salt-resistant bermuda grass lawn |
| CN105165350A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-23 | 湖南天泉生态草业工程有限公司 | Grass carpet quick forming method |
| CN105475010A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-13 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for raising cool-season lawn grass heat resistance through treatment of foliage spray of citric acid |
| CN105993473A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 中交航局第四工程有限公司 | Process for planting greening saline grass with functional nutrient soil |
| CN106576490A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-04-26 | 兰州大学 | Method of breaking dormancy of ryegrass endophytic fungi symbiont seeds |
| CN106856698A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-06-20 | 滨州学院 | A kind of strand saline-alkali wetland comprehensive treatment system built based on ecological island |
| CN108055892A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-22 | 鲁东大学 | Improve the method for East China coastal saline soil fertility using seashore paspalum |
| CN108064488A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-25 | 鲁东大学 | The method that heavy salinized soil salt content is reduced using salt tolerant Korea lawn grass |
| CN108076977A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-29 | 中体飞行（北京）体育产业发展有限公司 | Aviation flight campsite Special purpose lawn planting and establishing method |
| CN108260374A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-07-10 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The method of the saline and alkaline quick planting Aneurolepidium Chinese Artificial Grassland of Degradation Meadow |
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| CN109089744A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-28 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A method of constructing bermuda grass turf on tropical forest insect islands and reefs |
| CN110463394A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-11-19 | 上海艾妮维农产品专业合作社 | A kind of secondary salinization soil modification method of protecting field Sod culture |
| CN110972597A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-04-10 | 上海交通大学 | Method for improving secondary salinization of facility vegetable field by utilizing symbiotic cultivation of lawn and vegetables |
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| CN113748927A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-12-07 | 华艺生态园林股份有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil lawn paving method |
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Application publication date: 20130102 |