CN107690861A - A kind of stalk groove and its method for embedding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of stalk groove, including the field major trough being connected with farm ditch, the stalk cave that is connected located at field major trough both sides with field major trough；Landfill has the field major trough successively from bottom to up with stalk cave：Clay, crop material and backfill；The junction of the field major trough and farm ditch is provided with gate.The invention also discloses a kind of method for embedding of stalk groove, and in field, major trough and farm ditch junction set gate, and washing salinity by irrigation or heavy showers period open gate, the water storage period closed shutter after drought and water shortage or rain after flood.Present invention stalk groove in washing salinity by irrigation can play the function of draining drop stain, and the moisture of accumulation counter can mend farmland again in stalk groove under conditions of drought pours water resource shortcoming.

Description

A straw trough and its embedding method

technical field

The invention relates to a straw trough, and also relates to a method for embedding the straw trough.

Background technique

Saline soil resources are widely distributed and abundant in my country. The total area of saline soil in China is about 36 million hm2, accounting for 4.88% of the total usable land area, mainly distributed in inland areas such as Northwest and North China and coastal areas north of the Yangtze River. In addition, due to secondary salinization caused by a series of man-made or self-heating reasons such as unreasonable irrigation methods, excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and seawater erosion, the range of areas suffering from salt damage continues to expand. Under the current background of increasingly serious soil salinization, the effective improvement and utilization of saline soil is an important measure to ensure my country's agricultural production capacity.

At present, the improvement methods for saline soil mostly use chemical improvement and physical improvement. Chemical improvement requires the use of more types of chemical reagents, and the types of salt and the degree of salinity in different salinized areas are different. The chemical improvement methods required are also different. There are thousands of differences, which increases the difficulty of improving saline soil to some extent, resulting in many chemical improvement methods that have not been widely used so far. Physical improvement is generally considered to be an effective means, and its core is to achieve the purpose of reducing the salt content of saline soil by washing salt with water. However, although the physical improvement method is simple and efficient, there are still two disadvantages. First, the salt washing process consumes a large amount of fresh water resources. The feasibility of salt is extremely low; second, in the process of flushing salt with water, many minerals and organic matter that have a positive effect on plant growth are also washed away, so while reducing salinization, it cannot guarantee soil health. fertility.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a straw trough and its embedding method to improve the efficiency of irrigation salt, improve the storage capacity of farmland for rainwater resources, and increase soil organic matter and soil labor.

In order to achieve the above object, a kind of straw trough provided by the present invention comprises a field main trough connected with an agricultural ditch, a straw hole located on both sides of the field main trough and connected with the field main trough; the field main trough and the straw hole From the bottom to the top, there are: clay, crop stalks and backfill soil; a gate is provided at the intersection of the main trench and the agricultural ditch.

The cross-section of the main trough in the field is trapezoidal and gradually shrinks from top to bottom.

The upper base of the trapezoid is 0.4-0.6m long, the lower base is 0.2-0.3m long, and the height is 0.8-1m.

The straw hole is cylindrical.

The diameter of the bottom surface of the straw hole is 1.8-2.2m, and the center of the bottom surface of the straw hole is 4-5m away from the axis of the main groove in the field.

The gate includes: a diversion tube, a gate seat and a gate plate arranged in the gate seat, one end of the diversion tube extends into the crop straw, and the other end extends to the inside of the gate plate; when the gate is opened, the diversion tube communicates with the field Main trough and agricultural ditch.

The gate also includes a trash rack.

The present invention also provides a method for embedding straw troughs, comprising the following steps:

Excavate the main field trench connected with the agricultural ditch to both sides of the agricultural ditch;

The straw hole is excavated to both sides with the main trough in the field as the axis, and the straw hole is connected with the main trough in the field through the trench;

Fill the clay, crop straw and backfill in sequence into the main groove and straw hole in the field;

Set gates at the junction of the main trough and the agricultural ditch in the field, open the gates during periods of irrigation and salt washing or heavy rainfall, and close the gates during periods of drought, water shortage or water storage after rains and floods.

The landfill compactness of the crop straw is controlled to be 300-500kg/m ³ .

The height of the clay is 0.1-0.2m, the height of the straw is 0.3-0.5m, and the height of the backfill soil is 0.4-0.6m.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

1. Place dry crop straw in the main trough in the field to form a straw trough, and finally cover it with a certain thickness of backfill soil;

2. Since the soil moisture will gather into the straw trough with large porosity, the straw trough can play the function of drainage and waterlogging when irrigation is used to wash salt. It can also deny farmland;

3. The straw will gradually rot and decompose when it is buried in the soil. The organic matter and minerals produced in this process will be beneficial to the growth of crops and increase soil fertility;

4. After adopting the method provided by the present invention, the soil properties of farmland in saline-alkaline areas and related crop yields are improved or increased. At the same time, the method provided by the present invention has the advantages of low cost and easy large-scale promotion.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the stalk trough provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a structural representation of the gate in Fig. 1;

In the figure: 1, the main trough in the field; 2, the straw hole; 3, the agricultural ditch; 4, the gate; 4a, the gate; 4b, the gate seat; 4c, the diversion pipe; 4d, the trash rack; 5, the trench; 6. Clay; 7. Crop straw; 8. Backfill.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic structural view of the straw trough provided by the present invention, including: an agricultural ditch 3, a field main trough 1 excavated in a straight line perpendicular to the direction of the agricultural ditch 3, and a symmetrical opening to both sides with the field main trough 1 as an axis. The dug straw hole 2 communicates with the field main groove 1 through the trench 5 . A gate 4 is provided at the junction of the field main trough 1 and the agricultural ditch 3 .

As shown in Fig. 2, it is the A-A sectional view in Fig. 1, the cross section of the field main tank 1 is trapezoidal, and gradually shrinks from top to bottom. The upper base of the trapezoid is 0.4-0.6m long, the lower base is 0.2-0.3m long, and the height is 0.8-0.1m. The straw hole 2 is cylindrical, the diameter of the bottom surface of the straw hole 2 is 1.8-2.2m, and the center of the bottom surface of the straw hole 2 is 4-5m away from the axis of the field main groove 1.

As shown in Figure 3, the field main groove 1 and the straw hole 2 are filled in order from bottom to top: clay 6, crop straw 7 and backfill soil 8; the thickness of the 6 layers of clay is 0.1~0.2m; the thickness of the 7 layers of crop straw is 0.3 ~0.5m, the density of straw landfill is controlled at 300~500kg/m ³ ; the thickness of the 8 layers of backfill soil is 0.4~0.6m.

As shown in Figure 4, the gate 4 comprises: a diversion tube 4c, a gate seat 4b and a gate plate 4a located in the gate seat 4b, one end of the diversion tube 4c extends into the crop straw 7, and the diameter of the diversion tube 4c is 20cm , the depth of the guide tube 4c inserted into the crop straw 7 is 0.2-0.3m, and the other end of the guide tube 4c extends to the inside of the gate 4a. The gate seat 4b can be a concrete prefabricated block, and the gate seat 4b is also provided with a socket-type trash rack 4d on the outside of the gate plate 4a to prevent the loss of straw residues in the tank during drainage. Open the gate 4a during irrigation and salt washing or heavy rainfall, and discharge the water in the field main groove 1, straw hole 2 and groove 5 into the agricultural ditch 3; Close the gate 4a during the period, and the water will be trapped in the field main tank 1 and the straw hole 2.

The present invention also provides a method for embedding straw troughs, comprising the following steps:

Excavate the main field trench 1 connected to the agricultural trench 3 on both sides of the agricultural trench 3; excavate the straw hole 2 to both sides with the main field trench 1 as the axis, and the straw hole 2 is connected to the main field trench 1 in the form of a trench 5 Connected to each other; fill clay 6, crop straw 7 and backfill soil 8 in sequence into the field main groove 1 and straw hole 2; set gate 4 at the junction of field main groove 1 and agricultural ditch 3.

Gate 4 is opened and closed in the following ways:

(1) When washing salt with water, first close the gate 4 for three to five days, and then open the gate 4 to discharge the water in the straw trough into the agricultural ditch 3 after the soluble salt in the soil is fully dissolved;

(2) During the period of heavy rainfall, the drainage gate 4 is always opened;

(3) Close the gate 4 in the late period of rainfall or during the period of water supply shortage, and trap the rainwater in the main groove 1 and the straw hole 2 in the field. When irrigation is needed, the drainage gate 4 is opened first, and when the water is discharged into the agricultural ditch 3, the water pumped out of the straw trough in the agricultural ditch 3 is pumped into the agricultural ditch for irrigation.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A straw trough, characterized in that it comprises a field main trough connected to an agricultural ditch, a straw hole located on both sides of the field main trough and connected to the field main trough; the field main trough and the straw hole are from bottom to top The landfills in turn include: clay, crop straw and backfill soil; gates are provided at the junction of the main trench and the agricultural trench in the field. 2 . The straw trough according to claim 1 , wherein the cross-section of the main field trough is trapezoidal and gradually shrinks from top to bottom. 3 . The straw trough according to claim 2 , characterized in that, the length of the upper base of the trapezoid is 0.4-0.6 m, the length of the lower base is 0.2-0.3 m, and the height is 0.8-1 m. 4. The straw trough according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the straw hole is cylindrical. 5 . The straw trough according to claim 4 , wherein the diameter of the bottom surface of the straw hole is 1.8-2.2 m, and the center of the bottom surface of the straw hole is 4-5 m away from the axis of the main trough in the field. 6. The straw trough according to claim 1, wherein the gate comprises: a diversion pipe, a gate seat and a gate plate arranged in the gate seat, one end of the diversion pipe extends into the crop straw, and the other One end extends to the inside of the sluice; when the sluice is opened, the diversion pipe connects the main groove and the agricultural ditch in the field. 7. The straw trough according to claim 1, wherein the gate further comprises a trash rack. 8. A method for embedding straw troughs, comprising the steps of: Excavate the main field trench connected with the agricultural ditch to both sides of the agricultural ditch; The straw hole is excavated to both sides with the main field trough as the axis, and the straw hole is connected with the main field trough in the form of a trench; Fill the clay, crop straw and backfill in sequence into the main groove and straw hole in the field; Set gates at the junction of the main trough and the agricultural ditch in the field, open the gates during periods of irrigation and salt washing or heavy rainfall, and close the gates during periods of drought, water shortage or water storage after rains and floods. 9 . The method for embedding straw troughs according to claim 8 , characterized in that the landfill density of the crop straws is controlled to be 300-500 kg/m ³ . 10. The embedding method of the straw trough according to claim 8, characterized in that the height of the clay is 0.1-0.2m, the height of the straw is 0.3-0.5m, and the height of the backfill soil is 0.4-0.6m.