CN212463964U - System for high-efficient improvement coastal saline-alkali soil of water resource circulation - Google Patents
System for high-efficient improvement coastal saline-alkali soil of water resource circulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN212463964U CN212463964U CN202020126236.0U CN202020126236U CN212463964U CN 212463964 U CN212463964 U CN 212463964U CN 202020126236 U CN202020126236 U CN 202020126236U CN 212463964 U CN212463964 U CN 212463964U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a system for improving coastal saline-alkali soil by water resource circulation with high efficiency, which comprises a soil body and a water storage well; the soil body comprises saline-alkali soil to be improved, a permeable film layer, a water storage layer, a waterproof layer and undisturbed soil which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; be equipped with the intake pipe in the retaining well, this intake pipe water inlet is equipped with the suction pump and extends to the intake well bottom always, and intake pipe exit end level sets up in treating improvement saline and alkaline soil surface top, establish tee bend and valve on the intake pipe, watering device is connected to one end, and a termination abandons a pipeline. And pouring water onto the saline-alkali soil to be improved, introducing the water into the water storage well after leaching, pumping water to leach the saline-alkali soil to be improved, and circularly and repeatedly sprinkling and leaching the saline-alkali soil to be improved to realize the aim of desalting. The utility model discloses system operation is simple and convenient, has realized the cyclic utilization of water resource, can high-efficiently utilize various water resources to drip washing saline-alkali soil, reaches the effect of saline-alkali soil improvement, and can not return salt, has practiced thrift fresh water resource, and the improvement cost is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of water resource cyclic utilization and saline and alkaline land improvement engineering, especially, relate to a system of high-efficient improvement coastal saline and alkaline soil of water resource cycle.
Background
The total area of the coastal saline-alkali soil in China reaches 500 multiplied by 104hm2With the increasing urgency of economic development and urban construction on the demand of land resources, the improvement and utilization of saline-alkali soil becomes an important direction for developing reserve land resources, and the dredger fill engineering of reclamation of land by dredger fill sludge is developed vigorously. By the end of 2007, the area of the dredger fill in China reaches 540km2The area of the Chinese dredger fill reaches 1500km by 20152Above, the planned reclamation area reaches 600km only in Tianjin coastal new areas and Hebei Caofen Dian to 20202The area of the coastal saline-alkali soil is further enlarged. The coastal saline-alkali soil has the characteristics of high salt content, poor nutrients, heavy soil texture, low permeability, high salinity of underground water, shallow burial and the like, seriously influences urban greening and agriculture and forestry production, and greening on the silty soil has been an internationally recognized 'worldwide problem'.
The saline-alkali soil has salt damage because the salt content in the soil exceeds the bearing capacity of plants. The salt comes with the water and goes with the water, so various water resources must be fully collected and efficiently utilized, and the coastal saline-alkali land resources can be sustainably utilized.
The salt control method of irrigation, drainage, salt washing and salt control for farmland is not suitable for urban greening due to limited improvement depth and easy repetition, and at present, the urban greening of saline-alkali land in China generally adopts engineering measures of 'engineering salt avoidance and soil replacement'. The engineering salt avoidance generally adopts physical measures to improve the saline-alkali condition of soil, namely, the purposes of regulating and controlling the water and salt movement of the soil, inhibiting the evaporation of the soil and improving the salt infiltration and leaching are achieved by changing the physical structure of the soil. The method for combining the leaching-layer salt isolation and the blind pipe salt elimination is a common physical improvement measure at present, wherein the leaching-layer salt isolation is realized by setting a medium with large pores to promote the soil body to eliminate salt and cut off the way that salt rises along with capillary water, so that the salinization effect of foreign soil is avoided. The hidden pipe salt discharging is realized by arranging a hidden ditch under a shower layer, arranging a plastic corrugated hidden pipe in the hidden ditch and discharging salt through the drainage function of the hidden pipe. The replacement of the foreign soil is to replace original coastal saline-alkali soil with purchased planting soil, thereby ensuring that the salt content reaches the standard and directly planting the plants for greening. A mature saline-alkali soil treatment method adopting the technology of salt leaching and separation, salt drainage through a concealed pipe and soil dressing planting has the advantages of quick response, good effect and moderate cost, and is widely applied to coastal areas in China.
Although the engineering measures of 'engineering salt avoidance + soil replacement' can achieve the effects of salt elimination and salt reduction to a certain extent, the technology has the following defects.
First, this technology adopts the physical salt-separating and discharging measure, but it mainly relies on the foreign soil resource, and it can meet the greening construction demand of saline-alkali area by digging out the planting soil of other places, the planting soil resource is a precious soil resource, once digging out is a great damage to the local ecological environment, especially the soil environment, it is a non-ecological construction method.
Secondly, the technique does not reduce the salt content of undisturbed coastal saline-alkali soil. Abandons the utilization of original coastal saline-alkali soil and causes the waste of a large amount of coastal saline-alkali soil resources.
Thirdly, with the urban greening construction of saline-alkali regions, the amount of foreign soil resources is smaller, the purchasing distance is farther and farther, and the cost is higher.
Fourthly, the application range of the technology is above the underground water level, if the buried depth exceeds the underground water level, the technology cannot resist reverse osmosis and side osmosis of underground saline water, and cannot play a role in discharging salt and reducing salt. The underground water level of the coastal region is influenced by multiple factors such as climate, seawater and the like, the fluctuation is large, and the influence on the soil body is larger when the underground water level is closer to the seaside and the change is larger.
Fifth, the existing buried pipe salt-removing technique for planting soil in foreign land still has the problem of insufficient water resource utilization, water is directly discharged into a municipal drainage pipe network through a stone chip layer after permeating into soil, and cannot be effectively utilized,
sixth, in the fertilizing process, a large amount of nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are discharged into a municipal drainage system along with the drained salt water, so that the plant nutrient is insufficient, the plant nutrient grows badly, and the eutrophication of downstream water bodies is caused.
In addition, the problems of shallow buried depth and large fluctuation of underground water level are solved by combining a method for lifting the terrain on the basis of the technology for planting the foreign soil and the hidden pipe for discharging salt in engineering, the elevation of the green land is lifted by climbing on the terrain, the elevation is generally lifted by 1-2m on the original elevation, the green land is further far away from underground high-salt groundwater, and the influence of high-salt capillary water is reduced, so that the foreign soil is not salinized any more, and the greening can be normally carried out. However, the method has the defects that the elevation of the green land needs to increase the earth volume, the method is not economical, runoff rainwater flows into peripheral facilities such as peripheral roads during rainfall after the elevation of the green land, the drainage pressure and the waterlogging risk of the roads are increased, and meanwhile, the mud in the green land scours the road surface along with the runoff, so that the runoff pollution problems such as mud remaining after the rain of the roads are caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model provides a system of high-efficient improvement coastal saline-alkali soil of water resource cycle solves that prior art coastal saline-alkali soil resource is in short supply, with high costs, coastal saline-alkali soil wasting of resources, receives groundwater to influence big, rainwater utilization is insufficient, nutrient loss and runoff pollution scheduling problem.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that: a system for efficiently improving coastal saline-alkali soil by water resource circulation comprises a soil body and a water storage well; the soil body comprises coastal saline-alkali soil to be improved, a permeable film layer, a water storage layer, a waterproof layer and an undisturbed soil layer which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the lower surface of the water storage layer is provided with a groove protruding into the coastal saline-alkali soil layer, and a hidden pipe is arranged in the groove; the slope direction of the concealed pipe is connected and communicated with a water storage well; the water storage wells are arranged in the soil body at intervals, and the depth of the water storage wells extends to the lower part of the groove from top to bottom; the joint with the surrounding building or structure is reversely wrapped by a lateral waterproof layer; the water storage well is internally provided with a water taking pipe, a water inlet of the water taking pipe is provided with a water suction pump, an outlet end of the water taking pipe is horizontally arranged above the surface of the coastal saline-alkali soil to be improved, the outlet end of the water taking pipe is provided with a tee joint and a valve, one end of the water taking pipe is connected with a watering device, and the other end of the water taking pipe is connected with a flow abandoning.
The saline-alkali soil to be improved is mixed with permeability improving materials according to the permeability of the saline-alkali soil to be improved, and the permeability improving materials comprise but are not limited to sand, sawdust, coconut chaff, greening waste powder and the like.
Preferably, the soil conditioner is further provided with an exhaust device, the exhaust device comprises a vent pipe arranged in the soil and a vent hole arranged in the well, and the vent hole extends downwards to the permeable membrane layer from the coastal saline-alkali soil to be improved of the soil body.
Preferably, the waterproof layer includes, but is not limited to, a general waterproof layer and a breathable waterproof layer.
A method for efficiently improving coastal saline-alkali soil by water resource circulation comprises the following steps:
(1) pouring water onto the saline-alkali soil to be improved, leaching the saline-alkali soil to be improved, then entering the water storage layer and the water storage well, when the water level in the water storage well reaches a control water level, starting a water pump, pumping water to leach the saline-alkali soil to be improved, leaching the water into the water storage layer and the water storage well through infiltration again, and circularly and repeatedly watering and leaching the saline-alkali soil to be improved; detecting the salt content index of the soil until the salt content index of the soil is less than or equal to 3g/kg, completing leaching and achieving the aim of desalting;
(2) detecting the salt content of the soil, opening a flow discarding valve when the salt content of the soil is not reduced and the salt content index of the soil is not reduced to be below 3g/kg, discharging water discarding flow to a municipal drainage system or water systems such as peripheral wetland lakes and the like, circularly leaching with water again, and repeating the circulation until the salt content index of the soil is less than or equal to 3g/kg, completing leaching and achieving the aim of desalting;
(3) finally, nutrients and organic matters are added to the desalted soil, and suitable plants are planted, so that urban greening is realized.
The utility model discloses beneficial effect: 1. the coastal saline-alkali soil is quickly and efficiently leached, the water resource recycling is realized, and the water resource is saved to the maximum extent. 2. The utility model discloses technical operation is simple. 3. The utility model discloses be suitable for the coastal saline-alkali soil that the salt content exceeds more than 3g/kg, the salt content is higher, and the effect is showing more. 4. The utility model discloses economic benefits is showing, and is lower for prior art cost. 5. The construction period is short, the effect is achieved in the current year of improvement, and the construction period is not delayed. 6. The system can be repeatedly used and continuously leaches different coastal saline-alkali soil. 7. The system can also be directly used as a structure for long-term greening, and the salt of the lower-layer coastal saline-alkali soil and underground water can not return to the system. 8. And can well realize the maintenance of nutrients, and is beneficial to the growth of plants.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
wherein: 1-water storage well; 2-coastal saline-alkali soil to be improved; 3-a water permeable membrane layer; 4-water storage layer; 5-waterproof layer; 6-undisturbed soil layer; 7-a hidden pipe; 8-a trench; 9-a water pump; 10-water; 11-a water taking pipe; 12-irrigation valves; 13-a dump valve; 14-an aeration device; 15-irrigation device.
Detailed Description
In order to illustrate the invention more clearly, the invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1, the utility model relates to a system for improving coastal saline-alkali soil by water resource circulation, which comprises a soil body and a water storage well 1; the soil body comprises coastal saline-alkali soil 2 to be improved, a permeable membrane layer 3, a water storage layer 4, a waterproof layer 5 and an undisturbed soil layer 6 which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence;
the lower surface of the water storage layer 4 is provided with a groove 8 protruding into the coastal saline-alkali soil layer, and a hidden pipe 7 is arranged in the groove 8; the hidden pipe 7 is connected and communicated with the water storage well 1 in the slope direction; the water storage wells 1 are arranged in the soil body at intervals, and the depth of the water storage wells extends to the lower part of the groove 8 from top to bottom; the joint with the surrounding building or structure is reversely wrapped by a lateral waterproof layer; a water intake pipe 11 is arranged in the water storage well 1, a water suction pump 9 is arranged at a water inlet of the water intake pipe 11, an outlet end of the water intake pipe 11 is horizontally arranged above the surface of the coastal saline-alkali soil 2 to be improved, a tee joint and a valve are arranged at an outlet end of the water intake pipe 11, one end of the water intake pipe is connected with a watering device 15, and the other end of the water intake pipe is connected with a drainage pipeline.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the permeable membrane layer 3 is a permeable nonwoven fabric.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the aquifer 4 is a large-pore material such as rock chips or gravel or pp modules with a thickness of 18-60 cm.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waterproof layer 5 is preferably a breathable waterproof layer, comprising an upper waterproof geotextile layer, a waterproof membrane layer and a lower waterproof geotextile layer, extending to the bottom of the well at the impoundment well 1; the waterproof layer 5 is arranged, so that rainwater can be guaranteed to be drained into the water storage well 1 through the concealed pipe 7 after penetrating into the water storage layer 4, and the rainwater cannot directly penetrate into a coastal saline-alkali soil layer below to be lost; the saline water in the coastal saline-alkali soil layer can be prevented from reversely permeating into the water storage layer 4 and even reversely permeating into the coastal saline-alkali soil 2 to be improved, so that the coastal saline-alkali soil 2 to be improved is damaged; the waterproof layer 5 also isolates the mutual water seepage problem between the water storage layer 4 and the original coastal saline-alkali soil layer at the water storage well 1. In addition, the upper waterproof geotextile layer is also helpful for enhancing the toughness and strength of the waterproof layer and preventing the waterproof membrane layer from being damaged by broken stones and the like on the upper layer; also, the lower waterproof geotechnical layer helps to prevent damage to the waterproofing membrane layer from the lower coastal saline-alkali soil layer.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concealed pipes 7 are arranged at intervals of 6-8 meters; the concealed pipe 7 is a PVC seepage pipe and is communicated with the water storage well 1 in a 2% slope direction; in order to prevent the blind pipe 7 from being blocked by the seepage holes, the blind pipe 7 is coated with a permeable geotextile; the utility model discloses can open out the narrow shape infiltration hole of multirow on the hidden pipe 7 circumference, can be through controlling the aperture ratio, satisfy different ring rigidity and permeability requirement; the underground pipe 7 is coated with the permeable geotextile, so that the water permeating effect can be achieved, and the blockage caused by the silt entering the underground pipe 7 can be avoided.
According to the utility model discloses preferred embodiment, in the handing-over department of this system and surrounding building or structures etc. in order to prevent rivers and to the influence of infiltration to other structures etc., adopt side direction waterproof layer turn-up to preserve water and prevent seepage at this system border.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the green area is very large, the system can be divided into a plurality of catchment areas for easy management and control, and the different catchment areas can be separated by the waterproof geotextile reverse wrapping; the height of the turn-up is typically more than 50cm above the aquifer.
Preferably, the saline-alkali soil to be improved is doped with a permeability improving material according to the permeability of the saline-alkali soil to be improved, wherein the permeability improving material is one or a combination of two or more of river sand, sawdust, coconut coir, greening waste powder and the like.
Preferably, the thickness of the coastal saline-alkali soil to be improved is 60-140 cm.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the system is further provided with an aeration device 14, wherein the aeration device 14 extends from the coastal saline soil layer 2 to be improved of the soil body to the permeable membrane layer 3; when more water is stored in the water storage well 1, the air is not conveniently exhausted any more, so that water resources on the surface of the soil body cannot permeate downwards any more, and the air needs to be exhausted through the air holes; the utility model provides a breather can directly punch in soil body, perhaps realizes in inserting soil body with the pipeline that has the bleeder vent.
The utility model relates to a method for improving coastal saline-alkali soil with high efficiency of water resource circulation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) after irrigating the coastal saline-alkali soil, water resources penetrate into the water storage layer and flow into the water storage well 1, when the water level in the water storage well rises to reach a set water level, a water pump valve is opened, an irrigation valve 12 is opened at the same time, a water pump 9 is opened, and the irrigation device starts to spray and water the coastal saline-alkali soil 2 to be improved; when the water level is reduced to a set water level lower line, the water pump valve is closed, and the water suction pump 9 stops running. When the water level in the water storage well 1 rises to the set water level again, the water pump valve is opened, the irrigation valve 12 is opened, the water pump 9 is opened, leaching of the coastal saline-alkali soil 2 to be improved is carried out, and the above steps are repeated in a circulating manner to perform leaching of the coastal saline-alkali soil to be improved;
(2) detecting the salt content of the soil, opening a flow discarding valve 13 when the salt content of the soil is not reduced any more and the salt content index of the soil is not reduced below 3g/kg, discarding water, discharging the water to water systems such as a municipal drainage system or peripheral wetland lakes, circularly leaching with water again until the salt content index of the soil is less than or equal to 3g/kg, completing leaching and achieving the aim of desalting;
(3) finally, nutrients and organic matters are added to the desalted soil, and suitable plants are planted, so that urban greening is realized.
It is obvious that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not limitations to the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. All obvious changes or variations led out by the technical scheme of the utility model are still in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (3)
1. A system for efficiently improving coastal saline-alkali soil by water resource circulation is characterized by comprising a soil body and a water storage well; the soil body comprises saline-alkali soil to be improved, a permeable film layer, a water storage layer, a waterproof layer and undisturbed soil which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the water storage layer is made of a macroporous material, a groove protruding into the saline-alkali soil layer is formed in the lower surface of the water storage layer, and a hidden pipe is arranged in the groove; the slope direction of the concealed pipe is connected and communicated with a water storage well; the water storage wells are arranged in the soil body at intervals, and the depth of the water storage wells extends to the lower part of the groove from top to bottom; adopting a lateral waterproof layer at the joint of the system and the surrounding building or structure for reverse wrapping; be equipped with the intake pipe in the retaining well, this intake pipe water inlet is equipped with the suction pump and extends to the retaining well bottom all the time, and intake pipe exit end level sets up in treating improvement saline and alkaline soil surface top, tee bend and valve are established to the intake pipe exit end, and a termination irrigation device, an end is connect abandons a class pipeline.
2. The system for recycling water resources to improve coastal saline-alkali soil with high efficiency as claimed in claim 1, wherein an air exhaust device is further provided, and the air exhaust device comprises an air pipe arranged in the soil and an air vent arranged in the well.
3. The system for improving coastal saline-alkali soil by water resource recycling according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof layer comprises a normal waterproof layer and an air-permeable waterproof layer.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111264111A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-12 | 天津大学 | System and method for efficiently improving coastal saline-alkali soil through water resource circulation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111264111A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-12 | 天津大学 | System and method for efficiently improving coastal saline-alkali soil through water resource circulation |
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