CN109971667B - 一株猪源植物乳杆菌及应用 - Google Patents
一株猪源植物乳杆菌及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109971667B CN109971667B CN201910020291.3A CN201910020291A CN109971667B CN 109971667 B CN109971667 B CN 109971667B CN 201910020291 A CN201910020291 A CN 201910020291A CN 109971667 B CN109971667 B CN 109971667B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/205—Bacterial isolates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
- C12R2001/225—Lactobacillus
- C12R2001/25—Lactobacillus plantarum
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
本申请公开了一株猪源植物乳杆菌及应用,该菌株命名为:植物乳杆菌R‑21(Lactobacillus plantarum R‑21);保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏编号为CCTCC M2018009,保藏日期为2018年1月8日。本发明还公开了一种该菌株在制备饲料或者青贮饲料中的应用。本发明分离的植物乳杆菌生长迅速,产酸能力强,其发酵液对曲霉菌及常见肠道致病菌有明显的抑制效果,可用于饲料添加或制备发酵饲料。
Description
技术领域
本申请属于微生物技术领域,具体地说,涉及一株猪源植物乳杆菌及应用。
背景技术
随着养殖业的快速发展,对饲料的需求量越来越大,饲料的质量与成本决定养殖利润,更是困扰养殖业发展的关键因素之一。饲料在加工及贮存期间,因操作条件及环境等因素的影响,易污染大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及黄曲霉等杂菌,造成饲料品质下降,严重时会导致动物感染、腹泻、中毒,甚至死亡等。在动物饲粮中加入适量抗生素或非生物源的化学防腐剂可以延长饲料的保质期,降低疾病的发生,提高产量。但随着时间的推移,因抗生素滥用导致的细菌耐药性现象越来越严重,化学防腐剂的安全问题层出不穷,严重危害动物及人类健康。因此,寻求新的、安全的饲料添加及饲料生产方法势在必行。
目前,研究比较多的绿色安全饲料添加剂主要是益生菌及其所产益生物质。其中,关注较多的是乳酸菌及其所产细菌素等活性肽物质。乳酸菌作为益生菌本身具有整合肠道菌群,抑制病原菌在肠道内定植、繁殖等功能,作为微生态制剂可用于预防、治疗细菌性感染,维护肠道健康。而在新型绿色饲料添加中真正起防腐功能的是益生菌所产生的有机酸、细菌素等活性物质。常用的细菌素等活性肽物质一般只对革兰氏阳性菌有抑制效果,对大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌等常见肠道致病菌及产生曲霉毒素的黄曲霉等作用较小,在生产中还不能完全取代抗生素和化学防腐剂等的作用。因此,在生产中仍需寻求安全、具有广谱抑菌功能、抑菌效果好的乳酸菌或生产成本低的抑菌活性物质。
在饲料加工方面,以粉碎的青绿作物秸秆为原料,利用乳酸菌厌氧发酵技术制备的青贮饲料,具有酸香多汁、适口性强、营养丰富、利于贮存等优点,是反刍动物的优良低廉饲料来源。大力发展青贮饲料,有利于降低饲养成本,解决农业生产中面临的秸秆资源难以充分利用、污染环境等问题。
传统的青贮饲料是在厌氧条件下的自然发酵而成,一般存在以下问题:乳酸菌生长缓慢,发酵周期延长;不能在短时间内形成优势菌群,发酵升酸慢,厌氧杂菌大量繁殖,造成营养流失;产生有害气体或物质,适口性差;腐败菌或霉菌大量生长,造成原料腐败或霉变,降低饲料品质。因此,在青贮期间人为加入适量的乳酸菌,迅速降低发酵原料的酸度,减少杂菌的生长,是提高青贮饲料品质的有效手段。目前,用于青贮饲料发酵的乳酸菌种类繁多,大多具有生长快、产酸多而迅速、发酵周期短等优点。但是这类乳酸菌大多来源植物表面,抑菌活性、肠道适应性及安全性不明确,一般对耐酸性杂菌和霉菌的抑制作用较小。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本申请提供了一株猪源植物乳杆菌及应用。
为了解决上述技术问题,本申请公开了一株猪源植物乳杆菌,该菌株保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏编号为CCTCC M2018009,保藏日期为2018年1月8日。
本发明所提供的植物乳杆菌是从贵州省毕节市某偏远山区散养的成年猪肠道黏膜中分离出。在MRS固体培养基上培养30h时,菌落乳白、圆隆、表面光滑及乳香特征明显。革兰氏染色镜检时,菌体呈蓝紫色杆状,单个、成对或链状排列。生理生化特征鉴定结果:过氧化氢酶试验、硝酸盐还原试验、明胶液化试验、吲哚试验、硫化氢试验、葡萄糖产气试验、淀粉水解试验等均为阴性,同型乳酸发酵。经形态学、生理生化特征及16S rDNA综合鉴定,分离菌株为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)。经生长和产酸试验鉴定,本发明提供的植物乳酸菌具有生长快、产酸迅速、发酵液活菌数量高等特点。
本发明还公开了一种上述的植物乳杆菌在制备饲料中的应用。
可选地,将含有上述的植物乳杆菌R-21(Lactobacillus plantarum R-21)的发酵液均匀的喷洒于猪粉末饲料中;搅拌均匀至发酵液被充分吸收,通风干燥,并置于室温条件下贮存。
可选地,所述发酵液与猪粉末饲料的体积质量比(L/kg)为8:50;发酵液以MRS液体培养基为原料,经接入1%的种子、37℃静置培养32h制备而成,对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及黄曲霉菌等均有显著的抑制效果,用于制备饲料时可以减少有害菌的生长,延长饲料的保质期,并有促生长功能。
可选地,通风干燥温度为37℃,通风干燥后的含水量为12%;贮存温度25~30℃,湿度为90%。
可选地,所述饲料配方(质量百分比)为玉米52.5%,小麦麸24%,花生饼15%,草粉3%,国产鱼粉4%,骨粉1%,食盐0.5%。
本发明还公开了一种上述的植物乳杆菌在制备青贮饲料中的应用。
可选地,将含有上述的植物乳杆菌R-21(Lactobacillus plantarum R-21)的发酵液均匀的喷洒于粉碎的玉米秸秆中;分层压紧,排除里面的空气,用洁净塑料袋扎紧封口,并置于室温下发酵120d。
可选地,发酵液与玉米秸秆的体积质量比(ml/kg)为1:2;发酵液以MRS液体培养基为原料,经接入1%的种子、37℃静置培养32h制备而成。
可选地,青绿作物秸秆为玉米、小麦或高粱。
与现有技术相比,本申请可以获得包括以下技术效果:
本法明提供的植物乳杆菌R-21能够以粉碎的玉米等青绿作物秸秆为原料,在厌氧条件下进行发酵,发酵启动早、产酸迅速,利于抑制杂菌,提高青贮饲料质量,延长青贮饲料的保质期。本发明的植物乳杆菌R-21属于益生菌,本身来源于健康猪的肠道黏膜,使用时具有高度的安全性。
当然,实施本申请的任一产品必不一定需要同时达到以上所述的所有技术效果。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请,并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中:
图1是本申请植物乳杆菌R-21菌体浓度与pH随时间变化关系;
图2是本申请植物乳杆菌R-21发酵液上清液抑菌效果;
图3是本申请植物乳杆菌R-21对小鼠生长影响;
图4是本申请添加植物乳杆菌R-21发酵液的饲料对小鼠生长影响。
具体实施方式
以下将配合附图及实施例来详细说明本申请的实施方式,藉此对本申请如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题并达成技术功效的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。
实施例1本发明所述植物乳杆菌R-21的筛选和鉴定
1.植物乳杆菌R-21的筛选
1.1样品来源
本发明提供的菌株是从贵州省毕节市偏远山区散养猪的肠道黏膜中分离得到。采样猪生长健壮,生长期间从未生病,且从未饲喂过任何成品饲料、活菌制剂或抗生素。
1.2分离纯化
分段取被宰杀上述猪的空肠、回肠、盲肠、结肠和直肠,用消毒过的解剖剪剪开,小心剔除肠道内容物,并用酒精消毒过的解剖刀小心刮取肠道黏膜附属物,收集于5mL的无菌离心管中。取1g黏膜附属物样品于9mL灭菌生理盐水中,充分震荡混匀,并取1mL稀释液于9mL灭菌的生理盐水中,稀释至10-2。以此类推,将黏膜样品分别稀释至10-3、10-4、10-5、10-6及10-7等梯度。无菌条件下,每段样品分别取10-3、10-4、10-5、10-6及10-7等梯度各200μL,均匀涂布于MRS平板中(蛋白胨10.0g,酵母膏10g,吐温801.0mL,牛肉膏10g,柠檬酸氢二铵2.0g,乙酸钠5.0g,磷酸氢二钾2.0g,硫酸镁0.58g,葡萄糖20.0g,硫酸锰0.25g,琼脂15g,蒸馏水1000mL,pH6.6),并置于厌氧培养罐中(使用厌氧产气袋除氧),37℃培养静置48h。培养结束后,从各组长菌且稀释度最高的平板中,各挑取10个具有典型特征的菌落,在MRS平板中划线分离纯化,至菌落形态均一,挑取单菌落转接于MRS斜面中培养24h。
1.3菌株发酵液的制备
将上述制备的斜面种子接种环取少量分别转接于10mL MRS液体培养基中,37℃静置过夜培养,制备液体种子。取1ml液体种子转接于100mL MRS液体培养基中,37℃静置培养24h,制备发酵液。
1.4抑菌试验
取上述各菌株发酵液1ml于1.5mL离心管中,8000rpm离心2min,取上清液用于抑菌试验,指示菌分别为大肠杆菌ATCC25922、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌ATCC14028、金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC6538及本实验室分离的曲霉菌(Aspergillus sp.GZNU02)。其中,以细菌为指示菌时,将指示菌培养液稀释至约1.0×108cfu/ml,取100μL均匀涂布于LB固体平板中,每板等间距放入6只灭菌的牛津杯(内径为6mm),每杯中加入一种乳酸菌发酵上清液200μL,37℃静置培养12h,统计抑菌结果;以曲霉菌为指示菌时,将曲霉菌孢子悬浮液稀释至1.0×106cpu/ml,取100μL均匀涂布于察氏固体平板中,同样每板等间距放入6只牛津杯,每杯中加入一种分离菌株发酵上清液200μL,28℃静置培养24h,统计抑菌结果(Jiang,M.,Zhang,F.,Wan,C.,Xiong,Y.,Shah,N.P.,Wei,H.,and Tao,X..2016.Evaluation of probiotic propertiesof Lactobacillus plantarum WLPL04 isolated from human breast milk.Journal ofdairy science.99:1736-1746.;Ryu,E.H.,Yang,E.J.,Woo,E.R.,and Chang,H.C..2014.Purification and characterization of antifungal compounds fromLactobacillus plantarum HD1 isolated from kimchi.Food microbiology.41:19-26.)。结果分离得到一株乳酸菌,其发酵液对大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli ATCC25922)、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium ATCC14028)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureus ATCC6538)及曲霉菌(Aspergillus sp.GZNU02)均有明显抑制效应的菌株,并将该菌株命名为R-21。
2.植物乳杆菌R-21的鉴定
2.1菌体形态鉴定
挑取少量MRS斜面培养的R-21菌苔,进行革兰氏染色,制备好的薄片经油镜镜检。结果显示:R-21菌体染色呈紫色,形态为单杆状、双杆状或链杆状排列。
2.2生理生化特征鉴定
以R-21为出发菌株进行过氧化氢酶试验、葡萄糖产气试验、石蕊牛奶试验、硝酸盐还原试验、明胶液化试验、吲哚试验、硫化氢试验、淀粉水解试验和V.P试验等,具体操作参考《常见细菌系统鉴定手册》和《伯杰氏细菌鉴定手册》(第八版)。鉴定结果如下表1。
表1 R-21生理生化特征鉴定结果
试验内容 | 结果 | 试验内容 | 结果 |
过氧化氢酶试验 | - | 吲哚试验 | - |
葡萄糖产气试验 | - | 硫化氢试验 | - |
石蕊牛奶试验 | + | 淀粉水解试验 | - |
硝酸盐还原试验 | - | V.P试验 | - |
明胶液化试验 | - |
注:+表示阳性;-表示阴性
2.3 16S rDNA鉴定
以平板划线分离的R-21单菌落为模板,细菌通用引物27F和1492R为引物,加入一定量的2×Taq PCR mix进行16S rDNA PCR扩增。反应条件为:98℃5min;94℃30s,55℃30s,72℃1min 30s;72℃5min,循环30次。琼脂糖凝胶电泳验证后,PCR产物送至上海生工生物工程有限公司进行序列分析。将所测的16S rDNA序列在GenBank中BLAST比对(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/)。经比对,R-21的16S rDNA序列与Lactobacillusplantarum ATG-K6等的同源率高达100%。
结合形态、生理生化特征和分子鉴定结果,确定菌株R-21为一种植物乳杆菌,保藏编号为:CCTCC NO:M2018009;于2018年1月8日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心(地址:中国.武汉.武汉大学),命名为:植物乳杆菌R-21(Lactobacillus plantarum R-21)。
实施例2植物乳杆菌R-21的生长性能及抑菌试验
1.生长性能试验
取5ml的R-21液体种子,转接于500mL MRS液体培养基中,37℃静置培养36h,期间每隔4h取20ml样品。其中,1ml样品用于梯度稀释,取10-5、10-6和10-7三个梯度各200μl进行平板涂布,经培养统计活菌数,并计算各时间点的活菌浓度;其余样品经笔式pH计检测pH后,离心取上清液,并置于-20℃保藏备用。结果如图1所示,培养至12h时菌体浓度高达6.27×109cfu(colony forming unit,cfu)/ml,之后保持相对稳定,至36h未见明显衰退;培养过程,发酵液pH逐渐降低,至28h时降低至2.5左右,而后保持稳定。说明R-15生长速度快、产酸能力强,并且对酸有较强的耐受性。
2.抑菌试验
取各时间点的R-21发酵上清液,以大肠杆菌(ATCC25922)、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(ATCC14028)、金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC6538)及曲霉菌(Aspergillus sp.GZNU02)为指示菌,按照实施例1.4中所述试验方法进行抑菌试验,每指示菌三只牛津杯试验,取平均值,统计抑菌直径。结果如图2所示,发酵上清液对各指示菌抑制效果明显,抑制效果最明显的是金黄色葡萄球菌,其次是沙门氏菌、再次是大肠杆菌,最差的是曲霉菌。其中,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌直径12h时最大(约27.5mm),之后逐渐降低,在24h时增大,至28h后逐渐稳定;对大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的抑菌直径逐渐增大直至24h后保持稳定(抑菌直径分别约16.8、18.8mm);而对曲霉菌GZNU02至16h才出现抑菌圈,随后逐渐增大至36h时,抑菌直径约为12mm。发酵液对三类菌的抑制规律不一致,说明其可能存在不同的抑菌物质或抑菌抑菌机制,对不同的指示菌敏感性不同。
实施例3植物乳杆菌R-21的安全试验
取实施例2中培养32h的植物乳杆菌R-21发酵液,罐喂10只约20g的雄性成年昆明小鼠,每只小鼠10μL/d,连续罐喂28d,期间每只每天定量喂食约6g左右的基础饲料。另取10只小鼠作为对照,罐喂PBS溶液10μL/只/d,其它操作同R-21组。每7d记录一次小鼠体重,并观察有无不良反应。试验结束后,处死所有小鼠,解剖观察内脏有无病变。结果如图3所示,罐喂R-21发酵液的小鼠在饲喂同样质量饲料下,体重平均增加比对照组快,且期间两组试验小鼠没有任何不良反应或病变,说明R-21及其发酵液在小鼠施喂中具有高度的安全性,并具有一定的促生长功能。
实施例4植物乳杆菌R-21发酵液用于饲料添加
1.饲料的配制
按照实施例2中所述方法制备800mL植物乳杆菌发酵液(培养32h),全部均匀的喷洒于5kg的猪粉末饲料中(饲料配方:玉米52.5%,小麦麸24%,花生饼15%,草粉3%,国产鱼粉4%,骨粉1%,食盐0.5%)(R-21组),搅拌均匀至发酵液被充分吸收,37℃通风干燥至含水量12%左右,并置于室温常规条件下贮存(温度25~30℃,湿度约90%)。另设添加等量灭菌水的饲料(CTW组)及添加MRS培养基(用乳酸将pH调至2.5后,121℃灭菌)的饲料为对照(CTM组),其余处理条件同R-21组。
2.微生物检测(参考GB/T 13093-2006)
饲料贮存期间,每隔7d取1g样品(连续8周),溶于9ml无菌水中,震荡混匀(30min),静置10min,梯度稀释后取200μL样品涂布于伊红美蓝固体平板(蛋白胨10g,乳糖5g,蔗糖5g,磷酸氢二钾2g,伊红Y0.4g,美蓝0.065g,琼脂15g,蒸馏水1000g,pH7.2)中,30℃培养48h,统计并计算污染细菌的生长数量;取200μL稀释液涂布于察氏固体平板(硝酸钠2g,磷酸氢二钾1g,氯化钾0.5g,硫酸镁0.5g,硫酸亚铁0.01g,蔗糖30g,琼脂20g,蒸馏水1000mL,自然pH值)中,28℃培养48h,统计并计算霉菌的生长量;另取200μL稀释液涂布于MRS固体平板中,置于厌氧培养罐中37℃培养48h,统计并计算乳酸菌的存活量。结果如表2所示,相比于对照组CTW和CTM组,添加R-15发酵液的饲料能明显抑制细菌(主要是指革兰氏阴性菌)和霉菌的生长,尤其是对革兰氏阴性菌的抑制作用特别明显。乳酸菌R-21在两个月的存放期之后,依然约有1.0×106CFU/g的存活率。
表2植物乳杆菌R-21发酵液作为饲料添加剂的抑菌作用
3.小鼠试验
分别以贮存8周后的上述饲料为基础饲料喂小鼠(每组各10只约20g的雄性昆明小鼠),期间自由饮食。每周检测小鼠体重变化,连续4周,并观察小鼠饮食状况。试验结果表明,各组小鼠饮食正常,无任何不良反应,且R-21组生长速度大于其它两组。具体见图4。
实施例5植物乳杆菌R-21用于制作玉米秸秆青贮饲料
1.原料的选择与处理
取糊乳熟后期新鲜、无霉变的玉米秸秆全株2kg,粉碎,均匀分两组(1kg/组)。
2.青贮饲料发酵
两组粉碎的玉米秸秆中,一组加入1ml R-21发酵液,均匀混匀;另外一组加入1ml无菌水,分别装入1L的玻璃烧杯中,分层压紧(尽量排除里面的空气),用洁净塑料袋扎紧封口,并置于室温下发酵120d。
3.青贮饲料的质量检测
打开青贮塑料袋,取出发酵饲料,现场评价感官指标并检测pH。另取部分样品,梯度稀释后用MRS固体平板培养基培养,统计并计算每克发酵样品中乳酸菌的数量。结果如表3所示,添加植物乳杆菌R-21的青贮饲料感官上明显优于对照组,且乳酸菌含量丰富,产酸多。
表3植物乳杆菌R-21发酵青贮饲料检测结果
如在说明书及权利要求当中使用了某些词汇来指称特定成分或方法。本领域技术人员应可理解,不同地区可能会用不同名词来称呼同一个成分。本说明书及权利要求并不以名称的差异来作为区分成分的方式。如在通篇说明书及权利要求当中所提及的“包含”为一开放式用语,故应解释成“包含但不限定于”。“大致”是指在可接收的误差范围内,本领域技术人员能够在一定误差范围内解决所述技术问题,基本达到所述技术效果。说明书后续描述为实施本申请的较佳实施方式,然所述描述乃以说明本申请的一般原则为目的,并非用以限定本申请的范围。本申请的保护范围当视所附权利要求所界定者为准。
还需要说明的是,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的商品或者系统不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种商品或者系统所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的商品或者系统中还存在另外的相同要素。
上述说明示出并描述了发明的若干优选实施例,但如前所述,应当理解发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式,不应看作是对其他实施例的排除,而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境,并能够在本文所述发明构想范围内,通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离发明的精神和范围,则都应在发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一株植物乳杆菌R-21,其特征在于,所述植物乳杆菌保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏编号为 CCTCC M2018009,保藏日期为2018年1月8日;
所述的植物乳杆菌在制备饲料中的应用;
将含有所述的植物乳杆菌R-21的发酵液均匀的喷洒于猪粉末饲料中;搅拌均匀至发酵液被充分吸收,通风干燥,并置于室温条件下贮存;
所述发酵液与猪粉末饲料的体积质量比L/kg为8:50;发酵液以MRS液体培养基为原料,经接入1%的种子、37℃静置培养32h制备而成;
通风干燥温度为37℃,通风干燥后的含水量为12%;贮存温度25~30℃,湿度为90%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一株植物乳杆菌R-21,其特征在于,所述饲料配方成分的质量百分比为玉米52.5%,小麦麸24%,花生饼15%,草粉3%,国产鱼粉4%,骨粉1%,食盐0.5%。
3.权利要求1中所述的植物乳杆菌在制备青贮饲料中的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的植物乳杆菌在制备青贮饲料中的应用,其特征在于,将含有权利要求1所述的植物乳杆菌R-21的发酵液均匀的喷洒于粉碎的青绿作物秸秆中;分层压紧,排除里面的空气,用洁净塑料袋扎紧封口,并置于室温下发酵120d。
5.根据权利要求4所述的植物乳杆菌在制备青贮饲料中的应用,其特征在于,发酵液与玉米秸秆的体积质量比ml/kg为1:2;发酵液以MRS液体培养基为原料,经接入1%的种子、37℃静置培养32h制备而成。
6.根据权利要求4所述的植物乳杆菌在制备青贮饲料中的应用,其特征在于,青绿作物秸秆为玉米、小麦或高粱。
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