CN109937822A - A method of carrying out the comprehensive breeding of rice fishing in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province farmland - Google Patents
A method of carrying out the comprehensive breeding of rice fishing in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province farmland Download PDFInfo
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- CN109937822A CN109937822A CN201910278102.2A CN201910278102A CN109937822A CN 109937822 A CN109937822 A CN 109937822A CN 201910278102 A CN201910278102 A CN 201910278102A CN 109937822 A CN109937822 A CN 109937822A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for carrying out the comprehensive breeding of rice fishing in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province farmland, step includes: 1) irrigation facility construction；2) Rice Cropping and management；3) local crucian carp and Penaeus Vannmei seed are put in a suitable place to breed, form management；4) rice harvesting；5) marketable fish, shrimp capture and etc..This method had both taken full advantage of the sheaf space up and down and prouctiveness of fish ditch water body, aquatic products, paddy and the rice straw of output can accelerate the reduction of saline and alkaline beach soil salt content again, have positive ecology, economy, social effect to the development and utilization, increasing peasant income, growth of agricultural efficiency etc. that promote shoaly land.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of comprehensive in the development rice fishing of tidal flat of Jiangsu Province farmland the invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture
The method for closing breeding.
Background technique
The Littoral Jiangsu Province beach gross area is up to 68.7 ten thousand hm2, account for about the 1/4 of the national beach gross area, wherein supratidal zone
29.5 ten thousand hm2, and it is annual still with 1267hm2Speed become silted up length.In the past 10 years, Jiangsu surrounds national coastal marsh development using greatly
Office, the extra large gross area 38336hm of total granted regional agriculture2, with enclosing, extra large major part is not yet effective to be developed and used the agricultural enclosed tideland for cultivation.
Agricultural is mainly to increase land reserved resources, the scientific configuration level for improving tidal flat resources, comprehensive utilization with the purpose of sea planning
Silt is risen type seashore region, suitable fishing then fishing, is not suitable for carrying out aquaculture, by comprehensive agricultural development, construction and scale of operation
The organic farm products base of change, not only created job opportunities for fishing zone transferring fishermen's job, but also thrust zone agro based economic development, meaning
Justice is far-reaching.
The main reason for tidal flat of Jiangsu Province comprehensive agricultural development utilization rate is not high has: 1) mud-flat soil salinity is high；2) beach
It is costly to apply exploitation, development & construction period length, investment return are slow；3) electric power, water engineering facility construction are incomplete, and irrigation canals and ditches are built
If failing to make full use of region freshwater resources with regulation；4) lack first hand agriculture as the foundation of the economy scientific data, be especially a lack of energy
Crop (kind) test efficiently planted on moderate solonchak (3 ‰~5 ‰ salinity, soil content is higher, soil property is easy to harden)
Data lack the large-scale promotion application support of " salt tolerant crop+aquaculture " comprehensive plant breeding model.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as that tidal flat of Jiangsu Province comprehensive agricultural development utilizes, the present invention proposes one kind on jiangsu coast beach
The method that the comprehensive breeding of rice fishing is carried out in farmland is applied, specific steps include:
1) irrigation facility construction (selection of field face, the construction of fish ditch, ridge, culvert system, operation path)；
2) Rice Cropping and management；
3) local crucian carp and Penaeus Vannmei seed are put in a suitable place to breed, form management；
4) rice harvesting；
5) marketable fish, shrimp capture and etc..
1, irrigation facility
The selection of 1.1 fields face
Field face topography is flat, and area is with 80 × 667m2~100 × 667m2It is advisable.
1.2 fish ditches
" Ji " shape fish ditch, ditch depth 150cm~180cm, long 400m, width 12m are excavated along 2.5m~3.0m on the inside of the ridge of field face
~15m, slope ratio 1:2.5~1:3, fish ditch area account for the 8%~10% of the field face gross area；The two sidewalls Yu Gou 10 mesh of 1.8m wide
Polyethylene mesh sheet slope protection prevents from collapsing.
1.3 ridge
Widened using the soil for digging fish ditch, increase, reinforce ridge, is laid with one layer of 1.8m every 35cm~40cm layers high soil
10 wide mesh polyethylene mesh sheet, mesh sheet dosage press ridge length computation；The urgent compacting of every layer of soil, prevents ridge from collapsing and splits, seeps
Leak；Ridge is higher by field face 60cm~80cm, and ridge slope ratio is advisable with 1:1.5~1:1.8.
1.4 culvert system
Water inlet and the setting of discharge outlet diagonal line；Water inlet is built on ridge, and discharge outlet build fish ditch lowest part in, uses PVC
Bend pipe controls water level.
1.5 operation path
4m~6m wide tractor-ploughing operation sidewalk is built on one side along major trunk roads in field face.
2, Rice Cropping and management
The selection of 2.1 seed rice
Select the rice product that salt tolerance is high, stalk is sturdy, tillering ability is strong, resistant to lodging, disease-resistant, high yield characteristic is good, quality is excellent
Kind, such as " Hua You 14 ", " salt stalk 15 ", " laughing at rich No. 6 ".
2.2 fields face arrange, apply fertilizer
At the beginning of late April~5 month, field face is leveled, removes weeds, basal dressing is turned over, and field face difference of height≤3cm is made, and keeps soil
Earth is fine crushing, loose, topsoil is deep, fertile, upper soft lower pine.
The base manure refers to fermentation poultry dung and compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, and dose is according to field face area, every 667m2Application
The fermentation poultry dung of 600kg~750kg and the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of 20kg~25kg.Fermentation poultry dung the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight
Chicken manure wetter than 55~65 parts, 25~35 parts of lump limes, 8~12 parts of straw powders mix, tamped bulk fermentation 7d~10d and
?.
2.3 rice growings, management
The first tenday period of a month in May soak field to 5~10cm of water on paddy fields, and source water is fresh water, by stream on the way to beach kind
When growing area, salinity of pouring water is 1.2 ‰~1.8 ‰；20~May 25 May seed rice, every 667m are sowed using machine sowing method2It broadcasts dry
Seed rice 4.0kg~4.5kg after planting maintains paddy soil wet, with the growth of rice shoot, is stepped up water level, rice field surface
Peak level≤15cm；Late July carries out once roasting field operation, keeps Soil surface water position in 10cm later after rice booting grouting
~15cm.
2.4 aquatic products kinds are put in a suitable place to breed, are managed
Mid-April, by fish ditch area, every 667m2Put in a suitable place to breed local 3000 tail of crucian kind of 21 tails/kg~19 tails/kg~
3600 tails (preferably 3200 tails)；Mid-May, every 667m2Put 3000 tails/kg~4000 tails/kg Penaeus Vannmei shrimp species 1.5 in a suitable place to breed
Ten thousand tails~1.8 ten thousand tails (preferably 1.6 ten thousand tails)；
Local crucian carp mixed feed is fed:
Feed the crucian perfect compound feed 2# material of protein content 30%.At 13~16 DEG C of water temperature, feeding volume presses fish gross weight
0.7%~1.2%；At 17~20 DEG C of water temperature, feeding volume presses the 1.3%~2.8% of pond fish gross weight；At 21~30 DEG C of water temperature,
By the 3%~4% of fish gross weight；Daily 6:00,17:00 are respectively fed 1 time, and feed the 38%~43% of day feeding amount (preferably in the morning
For 40%), surplus feed afternoon, the mode of feeding is that fixed point is fed, and crucian kind cluster is ingested；
White shrimp mixed feed is fed:
Before the long 7.0cm of white shrimp shrimp species body, white shrimp full price that feed crude protein content >=38%, partial size 1.4mm is matched
Feed is closed, based on ten thousand tail shrimp of 750g~900g/, daily 7:00,18:00 are respectively fed 1 time feeding volume, and feed day feeding amount in the morning
28%~33% (preferably 30%), surplus are fed afternoon, and the mode that feeds is to shed along fish ditch；
After white shrimp shrimp species body length >=7.0cm, crude protein content >=38%, partial size 1.8mm white shrimp full price is fed
Mixed feed, based on ten thousand tail shrimp of 1000g~1200g/, daily 7:00,18:00 are respectively fed 1 time feeding volume, and feed day feeding in the morning
28%~33% (preferably 30%) of amount, surplus are fed afternoon, and the mode that feeds is to shed along fish ditch；
The capture of 2.5 aquatic products kinds
Penaeus Vannmei: mid-July, Catchable size is 60 tails/kg~70 tails/kg commodity white shrimp in fish ditch, is caught
Fishing mode is cage capture；
Local crucian carp: late December, it is 115.6g/ tail~220.2g/ tail local crucian carp, fishing style that specification is captured in fish ditch
First to draw in the net to do pond capture afterwards.
2.6 rice harvesting
Mid-November reduces pond water level and exposes field face when rice leaf turns yellow, seed is hardened, in due course mechanical to receive rice.
The invention creates a kind of in the comprehensive breeding of tidal flat of Jiangsu Province farmland (salinity 3 ‰~5 ‰) development rice fishing
Method, rationally carry out rice field irrigation facility construction, appropriate seed rice is broadcast live on the face of field, utilize the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching of fresh water irrigation rice field, will
Salt tolerant rice plantation and local crucian carp and culture of Penaeus vannamei effectively combine, in 10% fish ditch, every 667m2The equal output value
13949 yuan, in 90% field face, every 667m2Equal 2386.65 yuan of the output value realizes paddy growth and aquatic animal cultivation
Good interaction, entire rice fishing collective species were supported in the production cycle, did not put into the investment for damaging aquatic products, Paddy Products quality safety
Product, the aquatic products of production are best in quality, paddy is high-quality, every 667m after conversion23542.89 yuan are taken in, economic benefit is obvious, water
The output of product, Paddy rice and stalk is good to coastal saline soil desalination improved effect, and ecological benefits, social benefit are huge.
The comprehensive breeding method of this rice fishing provides positive reference frame for the development and utilization of tidal flat of Jiangsu Province, there is scale
The social value of popularization and application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overlooking structure diagram of fish ditch.
In figure: water inlet 1, major trunk roads 2, operation path 3, field 4, discharge outlet 5, fish ditch 6, green bank 7, ridge 8.
Specific embodiment
A method of carrying out the comprehensive breeding of rice fishing in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province farmland, step includes:
1) irrigation facility is built；2) Rice Cropping and management；3) local crucian carp and Penaeus Vannmei seed are put in a suitable place to breed, form pipe
Reason；4) commercial sized prawn captures；5) rice harvesting；6) marketable fish captures；
1) irrigation facility includes:
1.1) field face selects: field face topography is flat, and area is 80 × 667m2~100 × 667m2；(80~100 mu)
1.2) fish ditch is built: being excavated and is overlooked as " Ji " shape fish ditch along 2.5m~3.0m on the inside of the ridge of field face；The ditch depth of fish ditch
150cm~180cm, long 400m, width 12m~15m, slope ratio 1:2.5~1:3, fish ditch area account for the field face gross area 8%~
10%；Yu Gou sets up defences two sidewalls the net that collapses；
(in described 1.2, anti-couch net is the 10 mesh polyethylene mesh sheet of 1.8m wide)
1.3) ridge is built: being widened using the soil for digging fish ditch, increases, is reinforced ridge, every 35cm~40cm layers of high mud
Soil is laid with one layer of anti-collapse net；The urgent compacting of every layer of soil；Ridge is higher by field face 60cm~80cm, ridge slope ratio be 1:1.5~
1:1.8；
1.4) culvert system is built: water inlet and the setting of discharge outlet diagonal line；Water inlet is built on ridge, and discharge outlet is built
In fish ditch lowest part, water level is controlled with PVC bend pipe；
1.5) operation path is built: building 4m~6m wide tractor-ploughing operation sidewalk on one side along major trunk roads in field face；
Local crucian carp has the advantages that salt tolerance is strong, color is good, figure is good, tasty mouthfeel, traction are high, can be in salt
It spends in 6 ‰~8 ‰ water body and well grows；Penaeus Vannmei is as a kind of euryhalinous omnivorousness shrimps, seawater, fresh water
With cultivation, cultivation is less likely to occur pair it was verified that its speed of growth is very fast in the breeding water body of 3 ‰~5 ‰ salinity
The virosis such as shrimp Leucoplakia.
Fish ditch, ridge, operation path and the drainage system of the specific dimensions set in the invention, had both met " rice
Fishing integrates breeding technical specification part 1: general rule " the comprehensive breeding ditch hole accounting of rice fishing as defined in (SC/T 1135.12017) is not
Requirement more than 10%, and the growth incubation Water space of local crucian carp, Penaeus Vannmei is increased, be conducive to it in high temperature season
Normal growth, in addition, used irrigation facility Construction Measures pointedly cut down on Coastal beach carry out rice fishing it is comprehensive
Close the negative effect that the unfavorable factor (soil content is higher, surface layer is easy to harden, matrix is easily collapsed) of breeding is caused.
2) Rice Cropping includes: with management
2.1) seed rice selects: " Hua You 14 ", " salt stalk 15 " or " laughing at rich No. 6 ".
2.2) field face arranges, applies fertilizer: late April~the first tenday period of a month in May levels field face, removes weeds, and basal dressing is turned over, and makes field
Face difference of height≤3cm, holding soil is fine crushing, loose, topsoil is deep, fertile, upper soft lower pine；
The base manure is by fermentation poultry dung and compound potassium sulfate fertilizer (" Poly " compound fertilizer, N-P2O5-K2O17-17-17, nothing
Tin Poly chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd) it is mixed；Dose is according to field face area, every 667m2Application is by 600kg~750kg's
The compound fertilizer that the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer of fermentation poultry dung and 20kg~25kg are constituted；
Fermentation poultry dung the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight 55~65 parts of wet chicken manures, 25~35 parts of lump limes, 8~12
Part straw powder mixes, tamped bulk fermentation 7d~10d is made.
2.3) rice growing, management
The first tenday period of a month in May soak field to water 5cm~10cm on paddy fields (i.e. water level is higher by field face 5cm~10cm)；Source water
For fresh water, when through irrigation canals and ditches on the way to growing plants on beach area, the salinity of water reaches 1.2 ‰~1.8 ‰.
20~May 25 May seed rice, every 667m are sowed using machine sowing method2Dry seed rice 4.0kg~4.5kg is broadcast, is sowed
Afterwards, it maintains paddy soil wet, with the growth of rice shoot, is stepped up water level, rice field surface peak level≤15cm；
Late July carries out once roasting field operation, keeps Soil surface water position in 10cm~15cm later after rice booting grouting；
3) putting in a suitable place to breed, forming management for the local crucian carp and Penaeus Vannmei seed include:
Mid-April, by fish ditch area, every 667m2Put in a suitable place to breed local 3000 tail of crucian kind of 21 tails/kg~19 tails/kg~
3600 tails (preferably 3200 tails)；
Mid-May, every 667m2Put 3000 tails/kg~4000 tails/kg Penaeus Vannmei shrimp species, 1.5 ten thousand tail~1.8 ten thousand in a suitable place to breed
Tail (preferably 1.6 ten thousand tails)；
A, local crucian carp mixed feed is fed: the crucian for feeding protein content 30% is bred as mixed feed (logical prestige 191, Huaian
Tong Wei feed corporation,Ltd)；
At 13~16 DEG C of water temperature, feeding volume presses the 0.7%~1.2% of fish gross weight；
At 17~20 DEG C of water temperature, feeding volume presses the 1.3%~2.8% of fish gross weight；
At 21~30 DEG C of water temperature, by the 3%~4% of fish gross weight；
Daily 6:00,17:00 are respectively fed 1 time, and feed 38%~43% (preferably 40%) of day feeding amount, surplus in the morning
Feed in the afternoon；The mode of feeding is that fixed point is fed, and crucian kind cluster is ingested；
B, white shrimp mixed feed is fed:
The long < 7.0cm of white shrimp shrimp species body, white shrimp full price that feed crude protein content >=38%, partial size 1.4mm are matched
Feed (Guangdong Evergreen Feed Industry Co., Ltd., juvenile prawn No. 2 material) are closed, feeding volume is based on ten thousand tail shrimp of 750g~900g/；
Daily 7:00,18:00 are respectively fed 1 time, and feed 28%~33% (preferably 30%) of day feeding amount, surplus in the morning
Feed in the afternoon, and the mode that feeds is to shed along fish ditch；
After white shrimp shrimp species body length >=7.0cm, crude protein content >=38%, partial size 1.8mm white shrimp full price is fed
Mixed feed (Guangdong Evergreen Feed Industry Co., Ltd., middle to expect at shrimp No. 3), feeding volume presses ten thousand tail of 1000g~1200g/
Shrimp meter；
Daily 7:00,18:00 are respectively fed 1 time, and feed 28%~33% (preferably 30%) of day feeding amount, surplus in the morning
Feed in the afternoon, and the mode that feeds is to shed along fish ditch；
4) the commercial sized prawn capture: mid-July, Catchable size is 60 tails/kg~70 tails/kg commodity South America in fish ditch
White shrimp (fishing style is cage capture)；
5) rice harvesting；Mid-November reduces pond water level and exposes field when rice leaf turns yellow, seed is hardened
Face, it is in due course mechanical to receive rice；
6) the marketable fish capture；Late December, it is that 115.6g/ tail~220.2g/ tail is local that specification is captured in fish ditch
Crucian carp (fishing style is first to draw in the net to do pond capture afterwards).
One, traditional crucian pond culture, every 667m2Put 1500 tail of crucian kind~1800 tails in a suitable place to breed, average forming specification exists
350g/ tail~400g/ tail or so, every 667m2Yield is in 510kg~612kg or so.In the invention, every 667m2Put crucian carp in a suitable place to breed
3200 tail of crucian kind of fingerling 50g/ tail or so, there is following consider: 1) local crucian carp salt tolerance is strong, can salinity 6 ‰~
It is well grown in 8 ‰ water body；2) the incubation specification of local crucian carp is in 120g/ tail~160g/ tail or so, by 85% survival rate
Meter, every 667m2Yield also only in 326.4kg~408kg, it is low that fish ditch carries fishing amount；3) unequipped ooxygenation facility in fish ditch, puts in a suitable place to breed
Density should not be too large, and otherwise crucian is easy hypoxia death；4) local crucian carp figure is good, color is good, tasty mouthfeel, traction
Height, the currently preferred scheme of putting in a suitable place to breed, which can achieve, imitates wild effect, and investment return rate is good.
Two, Penaeus Vannmei seed breeding density preferred aspect, although having certain salinity in Coastal beach fish ditch water body,
Be conducive to the growth of Penaeus Vannmei seed, but due to oxygenation facility unequipped in fish ditch, so shrimp seedling stocking rate should not be too large,
In addition, the Penaeus Vannmei commercial sized prawn capture listing of incubation has been sold in mid or late July, can vacate Water space for local
Crucian carp well grows, and mitigates the fish ditch aquaculture management pressure of high temperature season.
Three, in the present invention program, crucian carp feed is fed before feeding 1h prior to penaeus vannamei boone feed, is allowed for every
Ton crucian carp feed price is whiter than South America to cheap 3500 yuan~4000 yuan or so of feed of play, and the food ration of local crucian carp is much larger than
Penaeus Vannmei feeds penaeus vannamei boone feed, Ke Yijie after the local crucian carp of fish ditch sufficiently ingests the crucian carp feed that feeds again
About feed cost；According to the life habit of Penaeus Vannmei, during feeding crucian carp feed, white shrimp can also ingest some crucian carps
Fish meal residual bait, clast and excrement are avoided that feed waste and ruin water quality.
Four, local crucian carp feeding habits are miscellaneous, the inclined animal bait when water temperature is low, inclined vegetal bait when water temperature is high, side of the present invention
In case, Penaeus Vannmei was put in a suitable place to breed to the incubation stage in mid-May to mid-July, and local crucian carp, which can ingest, falls ill shrimp or vigor not
Good shrimp, white shrimp can ingest part crucian carp feed residual bait clast, fish faeces, 2 breed variety mutualisms.
Five, in terms of cost input, the farmland in the present invention program is newlyexploited land, and salinity is big, fertility is weak, every 667m2's
Dose, dry seed rice amount of broadcasting are compared with conventional farmland, and amount doubles, and dose, dry seed rice amount of broadcasting can be reduced after plantation 3 years
40%~50%；Fertilizer and seed rice dosage input cost can halve, every 667m2Benefit is evident increases.
This method had both taken full advantage of the sheaf space up and down and prouctiveness of fish ditch water body, the aquatic products of output, paddy and
Rice straw, and the reduction of saline and alkaline beach soil salt content can be accelerated, to development and utilization, the Nong Minzeng for promoting shoaly land
Receipts, growth of agricultural efficiency etc. have positive ecology, economy, social effect.
Below with reference to the fish ditch schematic diagram and specific embodiment of Fig. 1, the present invention is furture elucidated.
The present embodiment is in such as East Sea benefit mudflat aquaculture Co., Ltd base (Rudong County town great Yu New Port polder area), rice
2, field (1# field, 2# field), sand, each 100X667m of area2；Aquatic product sprout used in embodiment, seed rice, feeding
The inputs such as material, base manure can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
Embodiment 1:
1# field: carry out the construction of rice field irrigation facility, mainly include following aspect: 1) along rice field 6~April 30 April
2.5m excavation " Ji " shape fish ditch, ditch depth 160cm, long 400m, width 12m~15m, slope ratio 1:2.6, fish ditch area account for field on the inside of ridge
The gross area two sidewalls about 10%, Yu Gou in face prevent from collapsing with the 10 mesh polyethylene mesh sheet slope protections of 1.8m wide；2) fish ditch is excavated to remove
Soil for widening, increasing, reinforcing ridge, when reinforcing ridge, often increase 35cm soil and be laid with 10 mesh of one layer of 1.8m wide and gather
Ethylene mesh sheet, single layer mesh sheet dosage length press ridge length computation, increase on it later compacting field mud, prevent ridge collapse split,
Percolating water；Ridge is higher by field face 60cm~80cm, and ridge slope ratio is 1:1.8；3) water inlet and the setting of discharge outlet diagonal line, water inlet
Mouth is built on ridge, and discharge outlet build fish ditch lowest part in, controls water level with PVC bend pipe；4) field face is leveled, weeds, Shi Ji are removed
Fertilizer is turned over, and makes field face difference of height≤3cm, holding soil is fine crushing, loose, topsoil is deep, fertile, upper soft lower pine；Base manure includes hair
Ferment chicken manure and compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, fermentation poultry dung is by weight 55~65 parts of wet chicken manures, 25~35 parts of lump limes, 8~12
Part straw powder mixes, tamped bulk fermentation 7d~10d and obtain, the co-application of field face 58.5 tons of fermentation poultry dung, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 1.8
Ton；5) the tractor-ploughing operation sidewalk of 5m wide is built on one side along major trunk roads in field face.
May 6, water 7cm soaks field desalination on the face of field, and source water be fresh water in irrigation canals and ditches (salinity is 1.6 ‰), May 20, adopts
" Hua You 14 " dry seed rice 405kg (every 667m is sowed with machine sowing method2Broadcast 4.5kg), after planting, maintain paddy soil wet, with
The growth of rice shoot, is stepped up water level, and holding Soil surface water position is 10cm；Start roasting field July 22, after July 27, keeps field
Face water level is in 10cm~15cm.
Put local crucian kind 1600kg (the every 667m of 20 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed in fish ditch April 182Put 3200 tails in a suitable place to breed), May
20, put 3200 tails/kg Penaeus Vannmei shrimp species 50kg (every 667m in a suitable place to breed in fish ditch2Put 1.6 ten thousand tails in a suitable place to breed)；Feedstuff feeding side
Method avoids crucian kind from striving food white shrimp cooperation by litopenaeus vannamei compound feed is fed again after first feeding compound crucian feed 1h
Feed saves feedstuff feeding amount and cost, specific feeding method is as follows:
Feed the crucian perfect compound feed 2# material of protein content 30%.At 13~16 DEG C of water temperature, feeding volume presses fish gross weight
0.7%~1.2%；At 17~20 DEG C of water temperature, feeding volume presses the 1.3%~2.8% of pond fish gross weight；At 21~30 DEG C of water temperature,
By the 3%~4% of fish gross weight；Daily 6:00,17:00 are respectively fed 1 time, and feed the 38%~43% of day feeding amount (preferably in the morning
For 40%), surplus feed afternoon, the mode of feeding is that fixed point is fed, and crucian kind cluster is ingested；
White shrimp mixed feed is fed:
Before the long 7.0cm of white shrimp shrimp species body, white shrimp full price that feed crude protein content >=38%, partial size 1.4mm is matched
Feed is closed, based on ten thousand tail shrimp of 750g~900g/, daily 7:00,18:00 are respectively fed 1 time feeding volume, and feed day feeding amount in the morning
28%~33% (preferably 30%), surplus are fed afternoon, and the mode that feeds is to shed along fish ditch；
After white shrimp shrimp species body length >=7.0cm, crude protein content >=38%, partial size 1.8mm white shrimp full price is fed
Mixed feed, based on ten thousand tail shrimp of 1000g~1200g/, daily 7:00,18:00 are respectively fed 1 time feeding volume, and feed day feeding in the morning
28%~33% (preferably 30%) of amount, surplus are fed afternoon, and the mode that feeds is to shed along fish ditch；
July 18, cage capture Penaeus Vannmei, capture 63 tails of specification/kg Penaeus Vannmei 2159kg, the pool mouthful valence altogether
40 yuan/kg, 86360 yuan of the output value；November 22, machinery receive rice, harvest paddy 40914kg, based on 75% granulating rate, produce excellent
Matter rice 30685.5kg, 7.0 yuan/kg of rice price, 214798.5 yuan of the output value；28~31 December, seine and the capture of dry pond
2952kg commodity crucian, average size 115.3g/ tail, the pool mouthful 18 yuan/kg of valence, 53136 yuan of the output value；After conversion, white shrimp, local
The every 667m of crucian carp, rice23542.89 yuan of the output value.
Input cost: farm rent 300,000,000, field face build 40000 yuan, base manure investment 70000 yuan, 2025 yuan of seed rice, crucian
Kind 16000 yuan, 4800 yuan of Penaeus Vannmei shrimp species, 22140 yuan of crucian carp feed, 21336 yuan of white shrimp feed, labour cost 20000
Member adds up to 226301 yuan, after conversion, every 667m22263 yuan of cost.
Benefit: through converting, using the technical solution of this example, every 667m21279.88 yuan of benefit.
Embodiment 2:
2# field, in addition to selecting seed rice to be " salt stalk 15 ", rice field construction, Rice Cropping and management, aquatic products kind are (local
Crucian carp, Penaeus Vannmei) management, harvest measure are put and formed in a suitable place to breed with embodiment 1.
Cage captures Penaeus Vannmei, altogether capture 66 tails of specification/kg Penaeus Vannmei 2287.4kg, and 40 yuan of the valence in the pool mouthful/
Kg, 91496 yuan of the output value；November 22, machinery receive rice, harvest paddy 44037kg, based on 75% granulating rate, produce high-quality big
Rice 33027.8kg, 7.0 yuan/kg of rice price, 231194.6 yuan of the output value；28~31 December, seine and the capture of dry pond
3164.6kg commodity crucian, average size 121.4g/ tail, the pool mouthful 18 yuan/kg of valence, 56962.8 yuan of the output value；After conversion, white shrimp,
The every 667m of local crucian carp, rice2379653.4 yuan of the output value.
Input cost: farm rent 300,000,000, field face build 40000 yuan, base manure investment 70000 yuan, 2025 yuan of seed rice, crucian
Kind 16000 yuan, 4800 yuan of Penaeus Vannmei shrimp species, 24367.4 yuan of crucian carp feed, 28821.2 yuan of white shrimp feed, labour cost
20000 yuan, add up to 236013.6 yuan, after conversion, every 667m22360.2 yuan of cost.
Benefit: through converting, using the technical solution of this example, every 667m21436.4 yuan of benefit.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method for carrying out the comprehensive breeding of rice fishing in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province farmland, it is characterized in that step includes:
1) irrigation facility is built；2) Rice Cropping and management；3) local crucian carp and Penaeus Vannmei seed are put in a suitable place to breed, form management；
4) commercial sized prawn captures；5) rice harvesting；6) marketable fish captures；
1) irrigation facility includes:
1.1) field face selects: field face topography is flat, and area is 80 × 667m2~100 × 667m2；
1.2) fish ditch is built: being excavated and is overlooked as " Ji " shape fish ditch along 2.5m~3.0m on the inside of the ridge of field face；The ditch depth 150cm of fish ditch
~180cm, long 400m, width 12m~15m, slope ratio 1:2.5~1:3, fish ditch area account for the 8%~10% of the field face gross area；Fish ditch
Two sidewalls are set up defences the net that collapses；
1.3) ridge is built: being widened using the soil for digging fish ditch, increases, is reinforced ridge, spread every 35cm~40cm layers high soil
If one layer of anti-collapse net；The urgent compacting of every layer of soil；Ridge is higher by field face 60cm~80cm, and ridge slope ratio is 1:1.5~1:
1.8；
1.4) culvert system is built: water inlet and the setting of discharge outlet diagonal line；Water inlet is built on ridge, and discharge outlet build fish in
Ditch lowest part；
1.5) operation path is built: building 4m~6m wide tractor-ploughing operation sidewalk on one side along major trunk roads in field face；
2) Rice Cropping includes: with management
2.1) seed rice selects: " Hua You 14 ", " salt stalk 15 " or " laughing at rich No. 6 ".
2.2) field face arranges, applies fertilizer: late April~the first tenday period of a month in May levels field face, removes weeds, and basal dressing is turned over, and keeps field face high
Low difference≤3cm, holding soil is fine crushing, loose, topsoil is deep, fertile, upper soft lower pine；
The base manure is mixed by fermentation poultry dung and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer；Dose is according to field face area, every 667m2
Apply the compound fertilizer being made of the potassium sulfate compound fertilizer of the fermentation poultry dung of 600kg~750kg and 20kg~25kg；
2.3) rice growing, management
The first tenday period of a month in May soak field to water 5cm~10cm on paddy fields；Source water is fresh water, through irrigation canals and ditches on the way to growing plants on beach area
When, salinity of pouring water is 1.2 ‰~1.8 ‰；
On 20~May 25 May, seed rice, 667m are sowed using machine sowing method2Dry seed rice 4.0kg~4.5kg is broadcast, after planting, is maintained
Paddy soil is wet, with the growth of rice shoot, is stepped up water level, rice field surface peak level≤15cm；
Late July carries out once roasting field operation, keeps Soil surface water position in 10cm~15cm later after rice booting grouting；
3) putting in a suitable place to breed, forming management for the local crucian carp and Penaeus Vannmei seed include:
Mid-April, by fish ditch area, every 667m2Put local 3000 tail of crucian kind~3600 tails of 21 tails/kg~19 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed；
Mid-May, every 667m2Put 3000 tails/kg~4000 tails/kg Penaeus Vannmei shrimp species, 1.5 ten thousand tail~1.8 ten thousand tails in a suitable place to breed；
A, local crucian carp mixed feed is fed: the crucian for feeding protein content 30% is bred as mixed feed；
At 13~16 DEG C of water temperature, feeding volume presses the 0.7%~1.2% of fish gross weight；
At 17~20 DEG C of water temperature, feeding volume presses the 1.3%~2.8% of fish gross weight；
At 21~30 DEG C of water temperature, by the 3%~4% of fish gross weight；
Daily 6:00,17:00 are respectively fed 1 time, and feed the 38%~43% of day feeding amount in the morning, and surplus is fed afternoon；The side of feeding
Formula is that fixed point is fed, and crucian kind cluster is ingested；
B, white shrimp mixed feed is fed:
The long < 7.0cm of white shrimp shrimp species body, white shrimp full price cooperation that feed crude protein content >=38%, partial size 1.4mm are raised
Material, feeding volume is based on ten thousand tail shrimp of 750g~900g/；
Daily 7:00,18:00 are respectively fed 1 time, and feed the 28%~33% of day feeding amount, surplus and feed in the morning afternoon, the side of feeding
Formula is to shed along fish ditch；
After white shrimp shrimp species body length >=7.0cm, white shrimp full price cooperation that feed crude protein content >=38%, partial size 1.8mm
Feed, feeding volume is based on ten thousand tail shrimp of 1000g~1200g/；
Daily 7:00,18:00 are respectively fed 1 time, and feed the 28%~33% of day feeding amount, surplus and feed in the morning afternoon, the side of feeding
Formula is to shed along fish ditch；
4) the commercial sized prawn capture: mid-July, Catchable size is that 60 tails/kg~70 tails/kg commodity South America is white right in fish ditch
Shrimp；
5) rice harvesting；Mid-November reduces pond water level and exposes field face, fit when rice leaf turns yellow, seed is hardened
When machinery receive rice；
6) the marketable fish capture；Late December, it is 115.6g/ tail~220.2g/ tail local crucian carp that specification is captured in fish ditch.
2. the method according to claim 1 for carrying out the comprehensive breeding of rice fishing in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province farmland, it is characterized in that
The anti-couch net is the 10 mesh polyethylene mesh sheet of 1.8m wide；
The fermentation poultry dung the preparation method comprises the following steps: by weight 55~65 parts of wet chicken manures, 25~35 parts of lump limes, 8~12
Part straw powder mixes, tamped bulk fermentation 7d~10d is made；
Mid-April, by fish ditch area, every 667m2Put local 3200 tail of crucian kind of 21 tails/kg~19 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed；
Mid-May, every 667m2Put 3000 tails/kg~4000 tails/kg Penaeus Vannmei shrimp species, 1.6 ten thousand tail in a suitable place to breed；
During local crucian carp mixed feed is fed, feed the 40% of day feeding amount in the morning；
During white shrimp mixed feed is fed:
The long < 7.0cm of white shrimp shrimp species body, the daily morning feed the 30% of day feeding amount,
After white shrimp shrimp species body length >=7.0cm, the daily morning feeds the 30% of day feeding amount.
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