CN109887860B - 一种键合腔体结构及键合方法 - Google Patents

一种键合腔体结构及键合方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN109887860B
CN109887860B CN201811618228.1A CN201811618228A CN109887860B CN 109887860 B CN109887860 B CN 109887860B CN 201811618228 A CN201811618228 A CN 201811618228A CN 109887860 B CN109887860 B CN 109887860B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
bonding
wafer
integrated
gas
nozzles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201811618228.1A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN109887860A (zh
Inventor
厉心宇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanghai IC R&D Center Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shanghai IC R&D Center Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai IC R&D Center Co Ltd filed Critical Shanghai IC R&D Center Co Ltd
Priority to CN201811618228.1A priority Critical patent/CN109887860B/zh
Publication of CN109887860A publication Critical patent/CN109887860A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/122975 priority patent/WO2020134922A1/zh
Priority to US17/418,816 priority patent/US11916040B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN109887860B publication Critical patent/CN109887860B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L24/83Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a layer connector
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/74Apparatus for manufacturing arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies
    • H01L24/75Apparatus for connecting with bump connectors or layer connectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/67Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
    • H01L21/67005Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
    • H01L21/67011Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
    • H01L21/67092Apparatus for mechanical treatment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/67Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
    • H01L21/683Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
    • H01L21/6838Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping with gripping and holding devices using a vacuum; Bernoulli devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/93Batch processes
    • H01L24/94Batch processes at wafer-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a wafer comprising a plurality of undiced individual devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/185Joining of semiconductor bodies for junction formation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/02Bonding areas; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/07Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bonding areas after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/08Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bonding areas after the connecting process of an individual bonding area
    • H01L2224/081Disposition
    • H01L2224/0812Disposition the bonding area connecting directly to another bonding area, i.e. connectorless bonding, e.g. bumpless bonding
    • H01L2224/08135Disposition the bonding area connecting directly to another bonding area, i.e. connectorless bonding, e.g. bumpless bonding the bonding area connecting between different semiconductor or solid-state bodies, i.e. chip-to-chip
    • H01L2224/08145Disposition the bonding area connecting directly to another bonding area, i.e. connectorless bonding, e.g. bumpless bonding the bonding area connecting between different semiconductor or solid-state bodies, i.e. chip-to-chip the bodies being stacked
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/74Apparatus for manufacturing arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and for methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/75Apparatus for connecting with bump connectors or layer connectors
    • H01L2224/751Means for controlling the bonding environment, e.g. valves, vacuum pumps
    • H01L2224/75101Chamber
    • H01L2224/75102Vacuum chamber
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/74Apparatus for manufacturing arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and for methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/75Apparatus for connecting with bump connectors or layer connectors
    • H01L2224/7525Means for applying energy, e.g. heating means
    • H01L2224/753Means for applying energy, e.g. heating means by means of pressure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/74Apparatus for manufacturing arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and for methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/75Apparatus for connecting with bump connectors or layer connectors
    • H01L2224/7565Means for transporting the components to be connected
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/74Apparatus for manufacturing arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and for methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/75Apparatus for connecting with bump connectors or layer connectors
    • H01L2224/757Means for aligning
    • H01L2224/75743Suction holding means
    • H01L2224/75744Suction holding means in the lower part of the bonding apparatus, e.g. in the apparatus chuck
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/74Apparatus for manufacturing arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and for methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/75Apparatus for connecting with bump connectors or layer connectors
    • H01L2224/757Means for aligning
    • H01L2224/75743Suction holding means
    • H01L2224/75745Suction holding means in the upper part of the bonding apparatus, e.g. in the bonding head
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/74Apparatus for manufacturing arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and for methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/75Apparatus for connecting with bump connectors or layer connectors
    • H01L2224/759Means for monitoring the connection process
    • H01L2224/75901Means for monitoring the connection process using a computer, e.g. fully- or semi-automatic bonding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L2224/80001Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected by connecting a bonding area directly to another bonding area, i.e. connectorless bonding, e.g. bumpless bonding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L2224/83Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a layer connector
    • H01L2224/838Bonding techniques
    • H01L2224/83894Direct bonding, i.e. joining surfaces by means of intermolecular attracting interactions at their interfaces, e.g. covalent bonds, van der Waals forces
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/93Batch processes
    • H01L2224/94Batch processes at wafer-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a wafer comprising a plurality of undiced individual devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/02Bonding areas ; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/07Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bonding areas after the connecting process
    • H01L24/08Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bonding areas after the connecting process of an individual bonding area
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Container, Conveyance, Adherence, Positioning, Of Wafer (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种键合腔体结构及键合方法,键合腔体包括上承载台和下承载台,气流形成机构,气流形成机构包括多个开合式集成手臂,集成手臂上朝向晶圆键合面设有多个气嘴,气嘴经切换时成为气体喷嘴或真空吸嘴,当各集成手臂合拢时与承载台之间形成密闭环境,通过将位于晶圆一侧的各气嘴设定为气体喷嘴,向晶圆键合面中平行吹气,将位于晶圆另一侧的各气嘴设定为真空吸嘴,吸取由对应位置气体喷嘴吹来的气体,在两片晶圆间形成高速气流,产生伯努利效应低压,使得晶圆不仅受到来自背面的推力,而且在键合面之间也受到均匀的低压所产生的拉力作用,可增强键合过程中的受力均匀性,同时可以减少环境内颗粒对键合面造成的影响。

Description

一种键合腔体结构及键合方法
技术领域
本发明涉及集成电路工艺设备技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种新型的键合腔体结构及键合方法。
背景技术
晶圆键合工艺是目前集成电路制造中一种较特殊的工艺。从键合工艺产生至今,出现了许多不同类型的晶圆键合方式,如高温键合,真空键合,低温键合等。其中目前最为先进是常温常压下进行的晶圆直接键合工艺,多应用于新兴的3D堆叠技术领域。这种键合方式是在常温和常压条件下,将两片经过表面特殊预处理的抛光硅晶圆片,在不利用粘合剂的情况下,利用晶圆间的分子力作用,将两片晶圆结合在一起的方式。其中的表面预处理包含等离子体轰击和湿法腐蚀等。
键合腔是实现晶圆键合工艺的关键设备。在常温常压直接键合工艺中,键合腔的一般结构为:由两个相对平行的上承载台1和下承载台1组成,分别承载两片待键合的晶圆2,承载台面产生真空吸力,将两片晶圆2分别固定在上下承载台1上。上下两片晶圆2的待键合面相对放置。如图1所示。
这种键合腔通常的工艺方式为:键合开始时,上下承载台1相对运动至一定距离后,承载台面从中心利用机械顶针或者气流的方式,在晶圆2背面中心位置产生一个向外的推力,使得上下两片晶圆2的中心位置开始接触从而产生初始键合力。紧接着原先承载台1的真空吸力释放,使得两片晶圆2 在键合力的作用下从中心至边缘逐步结合直至全部结合完成。如图2所示。
通常在进行键合工艺时,晶圆仅在背面承载台所产生的推力作用下产生形变从而实现键合,受力方式为点接触或线接触,晶圆受力均匀性存在不足,尤其对于本身存在一定翘曲度的晶圆来说,容易在键合过程中造成不可预期的位移,从而产生键合工艺的结果偏差。
此外,由于腔体是常压状态,因而两片晶圆待键合面之间的环境为开放的大气压状态,可能因气流的扰动呈现为非受控状态,对晶圆所受到的键合力造成影响。气流的扰动还有可能带来颗粒,影响键合面的洁净度,使键合后的晶圆对中间出现空洞(void),严重影响键合成品的良率。
如上所述,现有的键合腔结构的缺点是:晶圆键合时为单面受力,且受力方式为点接触或者线接触,存在不均匀受力的可能,如待键合晶圆本身存在较大翘曲度则受力不均会更加加剧键合过程中产生的工艺偏差。此外现有键合腔体中,两片待键合晶圆的待键合面之间的环境为不受控状态,受外部环境影响大,易受到环境中的气体扰流影响,影响键合工艺的进行,也容易带来不可预知的颗粒影响。
本发明旨在提出一种新的键合腔体结构解决以上的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的上述缺陷,提供一种键合腔体结构及键合方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种键合腔体结构,包括上承载台和下承载台,还包括:气流形成机构,所述气流形成机构包括多个开合式集成手臂,各所述集成手臂在合拢时与处于键合位置的上承载台和下承载台之间形成密闭环境,所述集成手臂上朝向晶圆键合面设有多个气嘴,所述气嘴经切换时成为气体喷嘴或真空吸嘴;其中,当各所述集成手臂合拢时,通过将位于晶圆一侧的各所述气嘴设定为气体喷嘴,向晶圆键合面中平行吹气,同时,将位于晶圆另一侧的各所述气嘴设定为真空吸嘴,吸取由对应位置气体喷嘴吹来的气体,在两片晶圆间形成高速气流,产生伯努利效应低压,对两片晶圆产生拉力进行键合。
进一步地,各所述集成手臂在合拢时与处于键合位置的上承载台和下承载台之间通过设置密封条形成密闭环境。
进一步地,所述集成手臂设于底座上,所述底座设有驱动机构,用于驱动底座沿集成手臂的合拢方向直线移动。
进一步地,还包括:气嘴集成模块,设于所述底座上,所述气嘴集成模块包括通过切换阀门连接各所述气嘴的气体管路和真空管路。
进一步地,还包括:气体流量控制系统,所述气体流量控制系统设于气体管路中,包含气动阀、调压阀、信号转换器、气体流量控制器。
进一步地,所述集成手臂上设有气压传感器,用于检测键合环境内部的压力变化,并实时反馈给气体流量控制系统。
一种基于上述的键合腔体结构的键合方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S01:将两片晶圆片通过机械手臂抓取后分别放置在上、下承载台上;
步骤S02:使各集成手臂开始由初始等待位置相向运动,直至各集成手臂合拢,与上承载台和下承载台之间形成密闭环境;
步骤S03:键合工艺开始,打开设定位于晶圆一侧的各气体喷嘴,同时,打开设定位于晶圆另一侧的各真空吸嘴,在两片晶圆间形成高速气流,产生伯努利效应低压,对两片晶圆产生拉力;
步骤S04:键合完毕,打开集成手臂,使集成手臂回到等待位置;
步骤S05:将上、下承载台分离,通过机械手臂将键合好的晶圆取出。
进一步地,步骤S03中,键合工艺开始时,对各气体喷嘴的流量进行闭环控制,从而调整密闭环境中低压的大小。
进一步地,步骤S03中,键合过程中,当两片晶圆中心位置开始接触并逐步向四周展开时,将气体喷嘴和真空吸嘴由中心向边缘逐步关闭,直至键合完成。
进一步地,步骤S04中,键合完毕时,对密闭环境压力进行检测,并与大气压力作匹配,将密闭环境压力增加到与大气压力一致,然后打开集成手臂。
从上述技术方案可以看出,本发明通过在晶圆键合面之间增加气流形成机构,利用伯努利效应产生恒定低压,使得在键合工艺过程中,晶圆不仅仅只受到来自背面的推力,而且在键合面之间也受到均匀的低压所产生的拉力作用,增强键合过程中的受力均匀性,同时可以减少环境内颗粒对键合面造成的影响。
附图说明
图1是现有的一种键合腔体结构示意图。
图2是现有的键合腔体键合方式示意图。
图3-图6是本发明较佳实施例的一种键合腔体结构示意图。
图7是本发明在键合过程中的伯努利低压及产生的作用力原理示意图。
图中:1、承载台,2、晶圆,3、机械手臂,4、集成手臂,5、气嘴/ 气体(氮气)喷嘴/真空吸嘴,6、气压传感器,7、手臂接合面及密封条,8、底座,9、气体流量控制系统,10、高速气体气流,11、伯努利效应低压状态。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。
需要说明的是,在下述的具体实施方式中,在详述本发明的实施方式时,为了清楚地表示本发明的结构以便于说明,特对附图中的结构不依照一般比例绘图,并进行了局部放大、变形及简化处理,因此,应避免以此作为对本发明的限定来加以理解。
在以下本发明的具体实施方式中,请参考图3-图6,图3-图6是本发明较佳实施例的一种键合腔体结构示意图。如图3-图6所示,本发明的一种键合腔体结构,包括上承载台1和下承载台1,还包括:气流形成机构,气流形成机构包括多个开合式集成手臂4,各集成手臂4在合拢时与处于键合位置的上承载台1和下承载台1之间形成密闭环境,集成手臂4上朝向晶圆2 键合面设有多个气嘴5,气嘴5经切换时成为气体喷嘴5或真空吸嘴5;其中,当各集成手臂4合拢时,通过将位于晶圆2一侧的各气嘴5设定为气体喷嘴5,向晶圆2键合面中平行吹气,同时,将位于晶圆2另一侧的各气嘴 5设定为真空吸嘴5,吸取由对应位置气体喷嘴5吹来的气体,在两片晶圆 2间形成高速气流,产生伯努利效应低压,对两片晶圆2产生拉力进行键合。
本发明在普通键合腔体结构的基础上,增加了一套气流形成机构和气体流量控制系统9,气体选择为使用工艺超纯氮气。其中包含通过对气嘴5进行切换而形成的多个氮气喷嘴5以及真空吸嘴5,可开合式喷嘴集成手臂4 (含密封条7)、气压传感器6,底座8及安装在底座8中的气体流量控制系统9等。
氮气喷嘴5设有多个,其作用是产生高速流动的氮气,利用气体流速快压力低的伯努利原理,使得两片晶圆2间产生均匀的低压,相当于对两片晶圆2产生“拉力”,更好地对键合过程提供辅助力。
真空吸嘴5的数量可与氮气喷嘴5对应,其作用是与氮气喷嘴5配合使用,将氮气喷嘴5中产生的氮气带走,从而保持持续稳定的低压环境。真空吸嘴和氮气喷嘴可以整合在同一个气嘴5上,即同一个气嘴5既是氮气喷嘴 5又是真空吸嘴5,可通过在气嘴集成模块的氮气管路和真空管路上增加切换阀门的方式,实现氮气管路和真空管路的切换,这样的好处是可以任意将位于不同位置的气嘴5按需切换成氮气喷嘴5或者真空吸嘴5,实现工艺的灵活性。
可开合式喷嘴集成手臂4的作用是将氮气喷嘴5和真空吸嘴5进行固定整合,并且实现喷嘴角度的调整以适应工艺的变化。该集成手臂4可相对设置两个,在工艺开始前,两个集成手臂4处于分开状态,留出中间区域便于机械手臂3进出抓取晶圆2,如图3和图5所示。工艺开始时,集成手臂4 向晶圆2承载台1靠拢闭合成一个完整结构,且中间由密封条7密封形成密闭环境,如图4和图6所示。手臂的尺寸形状取决于晶圆2承载台1的规格。
气体流量控制系统9的作用主要是自动控制从喷嘴中产生的氮气流量,从而调整环境低压的大小。气压传感器6与气体流量控制系统9配合使用,用来侦测密闭环境中的气体压力并反馈给气体流量控制系统9,以决定是否需要自动调整氮气流量。
可将氮气喷嘴5/真空吸嘴5的分布选择为沿着喷嘴集成面均匀展开,且平行于晶圆2键合面,使得气体能够均匀流过晶圆2并覆盖整个表面,如图3所示。喷嘴尺寸一般不大于5mm,两个喷嘴间保持一定间距,喷嘴材料可以选择塑料、不锈钢或者其他无尘材料等。
两个喷嘴集成手臂4应为大小相同,方向相对。每个集成手臂4均由一个可直线移动的底座8以及气嘴集成模块组成,底座8可以由气缸或者马达驱动,气嘴集成模块则固定在底座8上,所有必要的氮气和真空管路都集成在手臂内部,外部仅有喷嘴暴露。该集成手臂4的位置可分为初始位、等待位,工艺位等,可配置位置传感器和限位开关等。手臂与手臂的接合面7 配置密封圈,且面积应与键合时晶圆2间的间距相匹配。在键合工艺开始前和结束后,集成手臂4均位于等待位置,可视为打开状态,承载台1前后方无遮挡,便于机械手臂3进出取放晶圆2。待晶圆2已经放置在承载台1上准备开始键合工艺时,两个集成手臂4分别相对运动直至接触并通过手臂结合的方式将键合环境完全密封起来。
气体流量控制系统9可安装于氮气管路中,包含但不仅限于氮气管路,气动阀、调压阀、信号转换器、气体流量控制器等。具体的,气压传感器6 位于喷嘴集成手臂4上,传感器探头位于集成手臂4接合面7,可直接用于检测键合环境内部的压力变化,并及时反馈给气体流量控制系统9。
下面将结合具体实施方式和图3-图7,对本发明的一种键合方法进行详细说明。
本发明的一种键合方法,可使用上述的键合腔体结构,并可包括以下步骤:
步骤S01:将两片晶圆2片通过机械手臂3抓取后分别放置在上、下承载台1上。
步骤S02:使各集成手臂4开始由初始等待位置相向运动,直至各集成手臂4合拢,与上承载台1和下承载台1之间形成密闭环境。
键合准备开始时,两个集成手臂4结合移动,将承载台1和晶圆2包含在内形成密闭环境。
步骤S03:键合工艺开始,打开设定位于晶圆2一侧的各气体喷嘴5,同时,打开设定位于晶圆2另一侧的各真空吸嘴5,在两片晶圆2间形成高速气流,产生伯努利效应低压,对两片晶圆2产生拉力。
键合工艺开始时,对各气体喷嘴5的流量进行闭环控制,从而调整密闭环境中低压的大小。
键合工艺开始时,晶圆2背部受到承载台1产生的推力开始发生形变,此时一侧氮气喷嘴5打开,另一侧相对应位置的喷嘴切换为真空吸嘴5,从而在两片晶圆2间的密闭环境形成稳定的高速气体气流10产生伯努利效应低压状态11(如箭头所指),使得该密闭空间始终处于低压状态,对两片晶圆2的待键合面产生持续的低压拉力,对晶圆2在键合过程中的形变产生持续的辅助作用力,如图7所示。
随着键合过程的推进,两片晶圆2中心位置开始接触并逐步向四周展开,氮气喷嘴5结合键合进度的推进,由中心向边缘逐步关闭氮气喷嘴5 以及对应的真空吸嘴5,直至键合完成,所有的喷嘴也同步关闭。
步骤S04:键合完毕,打开集成手臂4,使集成手臂4回到等待位置。
键合完毕时,气压传感器6感知该密闭环境压力,对密闭环境压力进行检测,并与大气压力作匹配;如密闭环境压力低于大气压力一定比例,可以打开氮气喷嘴5或真空吸嘴5,将密闭环境压力增加到与大气压力一致,然后打开集成手臂4。
步骤S05:将上、下承载台1分离,通过机械手臂3将键合好的晶圆2 取出。
集成手臂4接合面7打开后,两个集成手臂4回到等待位置,上下承载台1分离,机械手臂3将键合好的晶圆2取出。
本发明描述仅是一个优选实例,关于喷嘴的数量、形状、尺寸及分布位置,手臂的数量、形状和尺寸,气体流量控制器和气压传感器6的类型,晶圆2承载台1的尺寸及适用的晶圆2种类等均不做限制,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内,对此相关半导体从业技术人员应了解。
综上所述,本发明通过在晶圆2键合面之间增加气流形成机构,利用伯努利效应产生恒定低压,使得在键合工艺过程中,晶圆2不仅仅只受到来自背面的推力,而且在键合面之间也受到均匀的低压所产生的拉力作用,增强键合过程中的受力均匀性,同时可以减少环境内颗粒对键合面造成的影响。
以上所述的仅为本发明的优选实施例,所述实施例并非用以限制本发明的专利保护范围,因此凡是运用本发明的说明书及附图内容所作的等同结构变化,同理均应包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种键合腔体结构,包括上承载台和下承载台,其特征在于,还包括:气流形成机构,所述气流形成机构包括多个开合式集成手臂,各所述集成手臂在合拢时与处于键合位置的上承载台和下承载台之间形成密闭环境,所述集成手臂上朝向晶圆键合面设有多个气嘴,所述气嘴经切换时成为气体喷嘴或真空吸嘴;其中,当各所述集成手臂合拢时,通过将位于晶圆一侧的各所述气嘴设定为气体喷嘴,向晶圆键合面中平行吹气,同时,将位于晶圆另一侧的各所述气嘴设定为真空吸嘴,吸取由对应位置气体喷嘴吹来的气体,在两片晶圆间形成高速气流,产生伯努利效应低压,对两片晶圆产生拉力进行键合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的键合腔体结构,其特征在于,各所述集成手臂在合拢时与处于键合位置的上承载台和下承载台之间通过设置密封条形成密闭环境。
3.根据权利要求1所述的键合腔体结构,其特征在于,所述集成手臂设于底座上,所述底座设有驱动机构,用于驱动底座沿集成手臂的合拢方向直线移动。
4.根据权利要求3所述的键合腔体结构,其特征在于,还包括:气嘴集成模块,设于所述底座上,所述气嘴集成模块包括通过切换阀门连接各所述气嘴的气体管路和真空管路。
5.根据权利要求4所述的键合腔体结构,其特征在于,还包括:气体流量控制系统,所述气体流量控制系统设于气体管路中,包含气动阀、调压阀、信号转换器、气体流量控制器。
6.根据权利要求5所述的键合腔体结构,其特征在于,所述集成手臂上设有气压传感器,用于检测键合环境内部的压力变化,并实时反馈给气体流量控制系统。
7.一种基于权利要求1所述的键合腔体结构的键合方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤S01:将两片晶圆片通过机械手臂抓取后分别放置在上、下承载台上;
步骤S02:使各集成手臂开始由初始等待位置相向运动,直至各集成手臂合拢,与上承载台和下承载台之间形成密闭环境;
步骤S03:键合工艺开始,打开设定位于晶圆一侧的各气体喷嘴,同时,打开设定位于晶圆另一侧的各真空吸嘴,在两片晶圆间形成高速气流,产生伯努利效应低压,对两片晶圆产生拉力;
步骤S04:键合完毕,打开集成手臂,使集成手臂回到等待位置;
步骤S05:将上、下承载台分离,通过机械手臂将键合好的晶圆取出。
8.根据权利要求7所述的键合方法,其特征在于,步骤S03中,键合工艺开始时,对各气体喷嘴的流量进行闭环控制,从而调整密闭环境中低压的大小。
9.根据权利要求7所述的键合方法,其特征在于,步骤S03中,键合过程中,当两片晶圆中心位置开始接触并逐步向四周展开时,将气体喷嘴和真空吸嘴由中心向边缘逐步关闭,直至键合完成。
10.根据权利要求7所述的键合方法,其特征在于,步骤S04中,键合完毕时,对密闭环境压力进行检测,并与大气压力作匹配,将密闭环境压力增加到与大气压力一致,然后打开集成手臂。
CN201811618228.1A 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 一种键合腔体结构及键合方法 Active CN109887860B (zh)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811618228.1A CN109887860B (zh) 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 一种键合腔体结构及键合方法
PCT/CN2019/122975 WO2020134922A1 (zh) 2018-12-28 2019-12-04 一种键合腔体结构及键合方法
US17/418,816 US11916040B2 (en) 2018-12-28 2019-12-04 Bonding cavity structure and bonding method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811618228.1A CN109887860B (zh) 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 一种键合腔体结构及键合方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN109887860A CN109887860A (zh) 2019-06-14
CN109887860B true CN109887860B (zh) 2020-12-25

Family

ID=66925245

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201811618228.1A Active CN109887860B (zh) 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 一种键合腔体结构及键合方法

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US11916040B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN109887860B (zh)
WO (1) WO2020134922A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109887860B (zh) * 2018-12-28 2020-12-25 上海集成电路研发中心有限公司 一种键合腔体结构及键合方法
CN114613693A (zh) * 2020-12-08 2022-06-10 上海新微技术研发中心有限公司 晶圆键合设备
CN117174624B (zh) * 2023-11-02 2024-04-12 迈为技术(珠海)有限公司 一种键合设备及键合方法

Family Cites Families (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7261793B2 (en) * 2004-08-13 2007-08-28 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. System and method for low temperature plasma-enhanced bonding
EP2091071B1 (en) * 2008-02-15 2012-12-12 Soitec Process for bonding two substrates
FR2963157B1 (fr) * 2010-07-22 2013-04-26 Soitec Silicon On Insulator Procede et appareil de collage par adhesion moleculaire de deux plaques
JP5649125B2 (ja) * 2011-07-01 2015-01-07 Necエンジニアリング株式会社 テープ貼付装置
US20130312907A1 (en) * 2012-05-23 2013-11-28 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Substrate-bonding apparatus for display device and method for manufacturing bonded substrate
CN103489805A (zh) * 2012-06-12 2014-01-01 苏州美图半导体技术有限公司 晶圆键合系统
JP6093255B2 (ja) * 2012-08-24 2017-03-08 東京エレクトロン株式会社 熱処理装置、剥離システム、熱処理方法、プログラム及びコンピュータ記憶媒体
FR2997224B1 (fr) * 2012-10-18 2015-12-04 Soitec Silicon On Insulator Procede de collage par adhesion moleculaire
JP6188123B2 (ja) * 2012-12-28 2017-08-30 芝浦メカトロニクス株式会社 貼合装置および貼合処理方法
CN104022057A (zh) * 2013-02-28 2014-09-03 株式会社日立高新技术 基板贴合装置以及基板贴合用具
CN103730318B (zh) * 2013-11-15 2016-04-06 中微半导体设备(上海)有限公司 一种晶圆边缘保护环及减少晶圆边缘颗粒的方法
US9922851B2 (en) * 2014-05-05 2018-03-20 International Business Machines Corporation Gas-controlled bonding platform for edge defect reduction during wafer bonding
CN106340485A (zh) * 2015-07-10 2017-01-18 上海微电子装备有限公司 晶圆键合夹紧装置及对准机和键合机、翘曲基片吸附方法
JP6707420B2 (ja) * 2016-08-09 2020-06-10 東京エレクトロン株式会社 接合装置および接合システム
CN108122808B (zh) * 2016-11-30 2020-12-25 上海微电子装备(集团)股份有限公司 真空装置、基片对准设备及形成预键合片的方法
JP6810584B2 (ja) * 2016-11-30 2021-01-06 タツモ株式会社 貼合装置
US10872873B2 (en) * 2017-11-14 2020-12-22 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Method for bonding wafers and bonding tool
CN109887860B (zh) * 2018-12-28 2020-12-25 上海集成电路研发中心有限公司 一种键合腔体结构及键合方法
JP7346190B2 (ja) * 2019-09-17 2023-09-19 キオクシア株式会社 半導体製造装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20220068875A1 (en) 2022-03-03
US11916040B2 (en) 2024-02-27
CN109887860A (zh) 2019-06-14
WO2020134922A1 (zh) 2020-07-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN109887860B (zh) 一种键合腔体结构及键合方法
US9741596B2 (en) Bonding apparatus and bonding process method
WO2011046129A1 (ja) 薄板状物の把持装置、および薄板状物の把持方法
US20090026676A1 (en) Non-Contact Type Suction Holding Apparatus
CN103000563B (zh) 接合装置、接合系统及接合方法
US20210217647A1 (en) Substrate holding apparatus, substrate suction determination method, substrate polishing apparatus, substrate polishing method, method of removing liquid from upper suface of wafer to be polished, elastic film for pressing wafer against polishing pad, substrate release method, and constant amount gas supply apparatus
JPH10144757A (ja) 基板処理システム
TW200913112A (en) Method for transporting object to be processed in semiconductor manufacturing apparatus
JP2017005219A (ja) 接合装置、接合システム、接合方法、プログラム及びコンピュータ記憶媒体
JP4298025B2 (ja) 真空圧力制御システム
JP2009130011A (ja) 基板位置決め装置
CN211496005U (zh) 一种基于伯努利效应和超声近场悬浮的无接触抓取装置
JP4274601B2 (ja) 基体の移載装置及びその操作方法
JP4779004B2 (ja) 真空吸着装置及び真空吸着装置を備える成形品取出機
CN100440427C (zh) 等离子体处理室
JPH0717628A (ja) 薄板搬送方法とその装置
CN108807233A (zh) 薄片产品键合后解键合用的工作台及装夹方法
JP2007081273A (ja) 基板位置決め装置
JP2002368065A (ja) 位置合わせ装置
TW202117911A (zh) 基板處理裝置
CN206710743U (zh) 一种载台结构
JPH06340333A (ja) 気流搬送装置
CN111063647A (zh) 伯努利机械手在真空卡盘上放取晶圆的系统和方法
JP2692323B2 (ja) 半導体ウエハ保持装置
KR102554644B1 (ko) 테이프 마운팅 장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant