CN109769613A - A kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system - Google Patents
A kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109769613A CN109769613A CN201910236616.1A CN201910236616A CN109769613A CN 109769613 A CN109769613 A CN 109769613A CN 201910236616 A CN201910236616 A CN 201910236616A CN 109769613 A CN109769613 A CN 109769613A
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- polygonatum cyrtonema
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of plant cultivation, and in particular to a kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system, polygonatum cyrtonema plant cut the young tender part dissection of all annual whites and yellow-white on rhizome, and disinfection is dried in the shade；Astringent closes wound, and the surface of a wound dips in hay wood ash and Bravo powder mixture again；It is hidden in the sandy soil sterilized, one layer of river sand, one layer of polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome stem section carries out stratification, hormone is added into sandy soil, the polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome stem section for growing bud point and root point is seeded among seedbed, it is covered using matrix, nursery stage pipe is watered, applies fertilizer, transplants work.Present invention reduces the times of polygonatum cyrtonema budding and nursery, increase the breeding rate of polygonatum cyrtonema, reduce the disease of polygonatum cyrtonema, ensure that the excellent of kind.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant cultivation, and in particular to a kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system.
Background technique
Polygonatum cyrtonema (Polygonatum cyrtonema), Liliaceae Polygonatum perennial herb are the base of Chinese medicine rhizoma polygonati
One of source plant, kind is numerous, it is considered that the meat yellow chicken head stem of fresh rhizome has special aroma, and person is of fine quality.Polygonatum cyrtonema
Stem is 50~100 centimetres high, usually has 10~15 pieces of leaves.Leaf alternate, ellipse, ovum shape lanceolar are rare to square round shape lanceolar
Slightly falciform is bent, 10~18 centimetres long, 2~7 centimetres wide, and apex point is to tapering.Inflorescence has (1-) 2-7 (- 14) and spends, umbrella shape,
The long 1-4 (- 6) centimetre of total bennet, the long 0.5-1.5 (- 3) centimetre of bennet；Bract is small, hereinafter, or being not present in the middle part of bennet；
Perianth yellow green, 18~25 millimeters of overall length, sliver is about 3 millimeters；Filigree is 3~4 millimeters long, and two is flat-sided or slightly flat, has mamillary
For protrusion to tool short drafts hair, cryptomere protrusion is slightly expanded or even is had on top, and anther is 3.5~4 millimeters long；Ovary is 3~6 millimeters long, style
It is 12~15 millimeters long.Black berries, have 3~9 seeds by about 1 centimetre of diameter.5~June of florescence, 8~October of fruiting period.Rhizome fertilizer
It is thick it is horizontal walk, cylindric or tubercle is blocking, and tubercle expands.It is wild to be distributed mainly on Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Jiangxi
Etc. ground, at raw hayashishita, shrubbery or hillside yin, 800~2800 meters of height above sea level.It is sweet in flavor, mild-natured, returns spleen, lung, kidney channel.Boosting qi and nourishing yin is good for
Spleen, moistening lung, kidney-nourishing are used for weakness of the spleen and the stomach, fatigue and asthenia, dry deficiency of food, deficiency syndrome of the lung cough caused by dryness, asthenia of essence and blood, Heat Diabetes.For medicine food
Homologous resource plant, in addition new application exploitation and the development of big health industry, rhizoma polygonati medicinal material is using increasingly extensive, annual consumption at present
At 6000 tons or more, wild resource is difficult to meet the market demand, but the pole that manual scale planting is bred by provenance again already
It is big to restrict.
Currently, polygonatum cyrtonema modes of reproduction is seminal propagation and Propagation of Rhizomes, editor's early period is to both modess of reproduction
It has conducted extensive research.Seminal propagation mode is mature seed live streaming, is primarily present two problems, first is that the germination period is too long,
Live streaming more than later six months is just sprouted successively；Second is that growing-seedling period is long, generally requires from seed sowing to planting seedlings 3 years, just may be used
Realize commercial growth seedling.Propagation of Rhizomes mainly passes through the wild polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome of excavation and carries out transplant planting, for slightly
Big rhizome breaks disconnected progress division propagation, but traditionally there are three deficiencies to be difficult to solve for Propagation of Rhizomes, first is that breeding coefficient is low,
Propagation material itself is medicinal material；Second is that germinating time is up to 4 months to half a year, while disease is serious, especially after field planting
Root rot occurs especially serious before emerging, and rhizome largely rots；Third is that wild rhizome is as provenance, the uneven variet complexity of specification,
Output and quality is difficult to ensure.For the present invention using annual young shoot as propagation material, seedling-growing rapid breeding grows coefficient height, and seedling specification is big
Nursery industryization and cultivation industrialization can be fast implemented, and overcomes lacking for traditionally seminal propagation and rhizome division propagation
Point.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, as propagation material, carries out the quick of polygonatum cyrtonema using annual young shoot by way of Propagation of Rhizomes
Breeding.Main purpose is to solve the problems, such as that the existing germination of seminal propagation, growing-seedling period are long.Rhizome in traditional sense is solved simultaneously
Breed the problems such as existing breeding coefficient is low, disease is serious, variet complexity.
Specific technical solution are as follows:
A kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system, comprising steps of
(1) it is tender to cut the children of all annual whites and yellow-white on rhizome for the perennial polygonatum cyrtonema plant of selection health
Part cleans up, and is cut into length 2cm~4cm long section, diameter be more than 4cm rhizome can vertical profile be two conducts again after dissection
Propagation material；
(2) it is carried out disinfection, is dried in the shade using disinfectant to polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome section obtained in step (1)；Disinfection used
Agent liquor potassic permanganate.
(3) the polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome section sterilized obtained in step (2) is closed into wound using astringent, it is negative after closing
One day dry, the surface of a wound dips in hay wood ash and Bravo powder mixture again；
(4) the polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome section in step (3) by closing wound processing is hidden in the sandy soil sterilized, one layer
One layer of polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome stem section of river sand carries out stratification, and hormone is added into sandy soil, maintains the temperature at 20 DEG C, covering needs
Water conservation is ventilative；It surveys sample within every 4 days, discovery mildew rate is more than 5% i.e. taking-up propagation material, carries out lamination with disinfection river sand again
Vernalization；Hormone is 10~20ppm gibberellic acid solution.
(5) the polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome stem section that bud point and root point have been grown obtained in step (4) is seeded among seedbed,
It is covered using matrix, irrigates root water after covering；Type of seeding is broadcast live according to 3~5cm of spacing.Seedbed refers to
In the micro- hillside fields of sand loam, along hill start compartment, it is highly 30cm that compartment face width, which is 100~120cm, and compartment face is stringent smooth, wet,
With the seedbed for spraying irrigation, external sunshade 50%~75%.The matrix refers to that proportion is turfy soil: loam: pearl rock mass
For product than the mixed-matrix mixed for 1:2:1, matrix overburden depth is 3~5cm.
(6) nursery stage pipe is watered, is applied fertilizer, transplants work.The sprinkling method is to keep compartment face wet i.e. in dry season
Can, rainy season can not water；Fertilizing method is that a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer and fulvic acid Water soluble fertilizer are used alternatingly, monthly；Transplanting
Method can be colonized with field after 5~10cm of height of seedling.
A kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system provided by the invention, the technical effect having have:
It (1) time for shortening polygonatum cyrtonema budding and nursery, can using the stem tuber breeding that the technology carries out polygonatum cyrtonema
It sprouts in 50d or so, seedling can reach the height of the field planting that is out of the garden in 70d or so；
(2) breeding rate of polygonatum cyrtonema is increased, can be guaranteed using the stem tuber breeding that the technology carries out polygonatum cyrtonema
Breeding coefficient is at 20 times or more；
(3) reduce the disease of polygonatum cyrtonema, the technology carry out polygonatum cyrtonema stem tuber breeding when to raw material, soil,
Matrix is all disinfected, and the disease corruption of the polygonatum cyrtonema is greatly reduced；
(4) it ensure that the excellent of kind, which carries out utilizing annual high-quality young shoot when the stem tuber breeding of polygonatum cyrtonema
Multiplying culture is carried out, stringent kind uniformity is ensure that, has prevented the poor kind of moral character and be mixed into.
Specific embodiment
It is described in conjunction with the embodiments the specific technical solution of the present invention.
(1) it is tender to cut the children of all annual whites and yellow-white on rhizome for the perennial polygonatum cyrtonema plant of selection health
Part cleans up, and is cut into length 2cm~4cm long section, diameter be more than 4cm rhizome can vertical profile be two conducts again after dissection
Propagation material；
(2) it is carried out disinfection, is dried in the shade using liquor potassic permanganate to polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome section obtained in step (1)；
(3) the polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome section sterilized obtained in step (2) is closed into wound, envelope using specific astringent
It dries in the shade after closing one day, the surface of a wound dips in hay wood ash and Bravo powder mixture again；
(4) the polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome section in step (3) by closing wound processing is hidden in the sandy soil sterilized, one layer
One layer of polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome stem section of river sand carries out stratification, and 10~20ppm gibberellic acid solution is added into sandy soil, keeps temperature
At 20 DEG C, covering need to be retained ventilative；It surveys sample within every 4 days, discovery mildew rate is more than 5% i.e. taking-up propagation material, is used again
It sterilizes river sand and carries out stratification, numerous material may be implemented within general 40~60 days and go out white bud point and root point, complete vernalization；
(5) seedbed preparation: the selection micro- hillside fields of sand loam, along hill start compartment, compartment face 100~120cm of width, compartment face height
30cm, compartment face is strictly smooth, wet thoroughly spare, and seedbed, which has, sprays irrigation, 50%~75% condition of external sunshade；
(6) will have been grown obtained in step (4) the polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome stem section of bud point and root point according to spacing be 3~
5cm is broadcast live in step (5) ready seedbed, using by turfy soil: loam: perlite is mixed for 1:2:1 (volume ratio)
Even mixed-matrix is covered, and matrix overburden depth is 3~5cm, irrigates root water after covering；
(7) seedling management: dry season keeps compartment face wet, and rainy season can not water, and general 30 days buds can be unearthed；Largely
Element Water soluble fertilizer and fulvic acid Water soluble fertilizer are used alternatingly, monthly.It can be colonized after 5~10cm of height of seedling with field, recommend crop field
The transplant planting time is generally in the beginning of autumn to White Dew, the beginning of spring to during rainwater.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
(1) the perennial polygonatum cyrtonema plant of selection health cuts all annual whites and the young tender part of yellow-white on rhizome,
Clean up, be cut into length 2cm~4cm long section, diameter be more than 4cm rhizome can vertical profile be two as breeding materials again after dissection
Material；
(2) it is carried out disinfection, is dried in the shade using disinfectant to polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome section obtained in step (1)；
(3) the polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome section sterilized obtained in step (2) is closed into wound using astringent, dries in the shade one after closing
It, the surface of a wound dips in hay wood ash and Bravo powder mixture again；
(4) the polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome section in step (3) by closing wound processing is hidden in the sandy soil sterilized, one layer of river sand
One layer of polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome stem section carries out stratification, and hormone is added into sandy soil, maintains the temperature at 20 DEG C, covering needs to be retained
It is ventilative；It surveys sample within every 4 days, discovery mildew rate is more than 5% i.e. taking-up propagation material, carries out lamination with disinfection river sand again and urges
Bud；
(5) the polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome stem section for having grown bud point and root point obtained in step (4) is seeded among seedbed, is utilized
Matrix is covered, and irrigates root water after covering；
(6) nursery stage pipe is watered, is applied fertilizer, transplants work.
2. a kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) institute
The polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome section wound disinfection stated disinfectant liquor potassic permanganate used.
3. a kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) institute
The hormone stated is 10~20ppm gibberellic acid solution.
4. a kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5) institute
The type of seeding stated is broadcast live according to 3~5cm of spacing.
5. a kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5) institute
The seedbed stated refers in the micro- hillside fields of sand loam, and along hill start compartment, it is highly 30cm, compartment face is tight that compartment face width, which is 100~120cm,
Lattice are smooth, wet, have the seedbed for spraying irrigation, external sunshade 50%~75%.
6. a kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5) institute
The matrix stated refers to that proportion is turfy soil: loam: perlite volume ratio is the mixed-matrix that 1:2:1 is mixed, matrix overburden depth
For 3~5cm.
7. a kind of polygonatum cyrtonema Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (6) institute
The sprinkling method stated is to keep compartment face wet in dry season, and rainy season can not water；Fertilizing method is a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer and Huang
Rotten acid Water soluble fertilizer is used alternatingly, monthly；Method for transplanting can be colonized with field after 5~10cm of height of seedling.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN110431953A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-12 | 贵州大学 | A kind of polygonatum cyrtonema seedling stem germination accelerating method |
| CN115005038A (en) * | 2022-07-16 | 2022-09-06 | 江西农业大学 | Method for rapidly inducing multiple buds of rhizoma polygonati |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN115005038A (en) * | 2022-07-16 | 2022-09-06 | 江西农业大学 | Method for rapidly inducing multiple buds of rhizoma polygonati |
| CN115005038B (en) * | 2022-07-16 | 2023-06-20 | 江西农业大学 | Method for rapidly inducing multiple buds of rhizoma polygonati |
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