CN105103853A - Method of cultivating fritillaria cirrhosa - Google Patents
Method of cultivating fritillaria cirrhosa Download PDFInfo
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- CN105103853A CN105103853A CN201510486133.9A CN201510486133A CN105103853A CN 105103853 A CN105103853 A CN 105103853A CN 201510486133 A CN201510486133 A CN 201510486133A CN 105103853 A CN105103853 A CN 105103853A
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- tendril
- fritillary bulb
- leaved fritillary
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention relates to a method of cultivating fritillaria cirrhosa. The method comprises the following steps of (1) land choosing and preparing: choosing leeward, semi-shade and semi-light sloping field which is rich in humus, furrowing by deeply ploughing and thoroughly harrowing to serve as beds; (2) seeding: a, seed pretreatment: firstly treating fritillaria cirrhosa seeds in a low-temperature water flowing way, and then carrying out gibberellin soaking treatment; b. seeding the treated seeds by adopting a broadcast sowing or a strip sowing way; (3) field management: a, shading by erecting a shed; b, weeding; c, fertilizing: starting to spray a foliar fertilizer in an initial flowering stage until sprout tumbling happens, and starting to carry out topdressing after the sprout tumbling; (4) pest control and prevention. Compared with the prior art, the method for cultivating the fritillaria cirrhosa, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the germination rate of the fritillaria cirrhosa seeds is increased to about 93 percent, the after-ripening time is greatly reduced, and a convenient and efficient way is provided for sexual propagation of the fritillaria cirrhosa.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of Chinese herbal medicine cultivation, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation method of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb.
Background technology
Tendril-leaved fritillary bulb is the rare traditional Chinese medicine moistened the lung and relieve the cough, and applicating history is long, and curative effect is distinguished, has won fame both at home and abroad.Because tendril-leaved fritillary bulb not only has good relieving cough and reducing sputum effect, and lung yin, a surname's lung, moistening lung and clearing lung-heat is hot can be supported, the good medicine for the treatment of chronic cough asthma due to excessive phlegm simply, therefore, tendril-leaved fritillary bulb is had in the Chinese medicinal formulae or Chinese patent medicine preparation of the illnesss such as many treatment acute tracheitis, bronchitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, as Succus Fel Serpentis et Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, fritillary and loquat cough mixture etc., the effect of disease therapy can be strengthened like this.The weather conditions cooled liked by tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, have cold-resistant, to like wet, be afraid of high temperature, happiness concealment characteristic.Temperature reaches 30 DEG C or ground temperature more than 25 DEG C, and plant will wither; Can not survive in the area that height above sea level is low, temperature is high.Tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed has after ripening characteristic, keeps certain humidity and temperature at 5 ~ 25 DEG C, and embryo continues differentiation.The First Year of insemination and emergence, plant is very thin, only 1 leaf; Leaf is large as pin, claims needle.2nd year tool list leaf 1-3 sheet, blade face is launched, and claims ribbon leaf.Within 3rd year, put forth and do not bloom, claim tree stump.Within 4th year, put forth and bloom, the florescence claims lantern, and the fruit phase claims fruit to be Eight Diagrams hammers.Namely start to grow bulb at Seedling Stage, only the grain of rice is large, increases with plant development later every year.About 90 ~ 120 days vegetative period in year of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb plant.
The cultivation method of current tendril-leaved fritillary bulb is: plantation tendril-leaved fritillary bulb should select the leeward Yinshan Mountains or half Yinshan Mountains to be advisable, and away from wheat crops, prevents rust from infecting, and the loam of humus or oily sandy soil are loosened, are rich in, quality deep with soil layer as well.Tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, based on seminal propagation, will carry out cultivation and the process of seed before sowing.Sowing before generally finishing classes and leave school 9 ~ October.After planting, before emerging spring, throw off furrow face covering, a point furrow scaffolding shades.With seminal propagation, sow and can gather in the crops for 3 or 4 years.Bulb breeding, sow to fall the 2nd year 6 ~ July after seedling and gather in the crops.Take passages from " Chinese Pharmacopoeia ".The bibliographical information of relevant tendril-leaved fritillary bulb cultivation is less at present, as " culture technique of Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae " Liu Xianqi, and-1992 years 6 phases of Mountain Debelopment; " Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae reduces height above sea level cultivation research " Ma Xiao rectifies ,-1996 years 1 phases of CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA; In the above documents, cultivating seeds and Aging storage adopt and store sth. in a cellar method.Adopt the cultivation method artificial planting sexual propagation seed germination rate lower (being about 60%) of existing tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, ripening time long (being only applicable to sow in spring), sprout time differs greatly, be not suitable for artificial cultivation.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of cultivation method of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, solve the problem that in prior art, tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed germination rate is low, flowering rate, fruit bearing rate are not high.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A cultivation method for tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole:
Select leeward, half cloudy half light, be rich in the hillside fields of humus, the thin rake of deep ploughing does furrow;
(2) sow:
A, Seeds preprocess: first by the low temperature flowing water method process of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed, and then carry out gibberellin immersion treatment;
B, by the seed of above-mentioned process adopt broadcast sowing or bar broadcast mode sowing;
(3) field management:
A, scaffolding shelter from heat or light:
B, weeding:
C, fertilising: initial bloom stage starts to spray foliage fertilizer, until fall seedling; Start to topdress after seedling;
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest.
As preferred technical scheme, select height above sea level 1800 ~ 2500 meters in described step (1), the area that temperature is 3 ~ 23 DEG C is cultivated.
As preferred technical scheme, it is characterized in that: the furrow doing 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters wide in described step (1), use 1200 ~ 1800 kilograms of composite fertilizers for every mu.
As preferred technical scheme, it is characterized in that: described composite fertilizer is mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 30:1 ~ 2:2 ~ 3 by barnyard manure, superphosphate, oil cake.
As preferred technical scheme, it is characterized in that: in described step (2) during the cryogenic flow water treatment of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed: water temperature 2 ~ 8 DEG C, water velocity 1 ~ 1.2 meter per second, 5 ~ 8 days processing times.
As preferred technical scheme, it is characterized in that: in described step (2) during tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed gibberellin immersion treatment: gibberellin concentration 20 ~ 40ppm, soak time 28 ~ 32 hours.
As preferred technical scheme, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), scaffolding shelters from heat or light selection after planting, before emerging spring, throws off furrow face covering, a point furrow scaffolding shelters from heat or light.
As preferred technical scheme, weeding is selected before emerging annual spring in described step (3), autumn falls after seedling respectively except at least 1 time.
As preferred technical scheme, in described step (3), foliage fertilizer selects phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer; Foliar Spraying from initial bloom stage, 1 ~ 2 time/week, until fall seedling terminate.
As preferred technical scheme, topdress in described step (3) after selecting farmyard manure, humus soil to mix and cover furrow face; Topdress from falling after seedling, 2 ~ 3 times/year.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The technology of the present invention, according to tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed afterripening characteristic, adopts cryogenic flow water treatment to soak the mode of Duplex treatment in conjunction with gibberellin, achieves unexpected technique effect, greatly improve the germination rate of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed; The flowering rate of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb and fruit bearing rate are related to tendril-leaved fritillary bulb enlarged reproduction ability, but restrict by the factor such as illumination, nutrition, often flowering rate and fruit bearing rate are not high, the technology of the present invention adopts ad hoc approach to spray foliage fertilizer in the tendril-leaved fritillary bulb growth critical period, significantly improve flowering rate and the fruit bearing rate of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, for further artificial cultivation, expanding production provides favourable conditions.Compared with prior art, tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed germination rate is increased to about 93%, and ripening time shortens greatly in the present invention, for tendril-leaved fritillary bulb sexual propagation provides a kind of convenient, efficient mode.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention, be clearly and completely described technical scheme of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A cultivation method for tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole:
Select height above sea level 1800 ~ 2500 meters, temperature 3 ~ 23 DEG C, leeward, half cloudy half light, be rich in the hillside fields of humus, the thin rake of deep ploughing does furrow, and furrow are wide 1.2 meters, use 1200 kilograms of composite fertilizers mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 30:1:2 by barnyard manure, superphosphate, oil cake for every mu;
(2) sow:
A, Seeds preprocess: first by the low temperature flowing water method process of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed: water temperature 2 DEG C, water velocity 1 meter per second, 5 days processing times; And then carry out gibberellin immersion treatment: gibberellin concentration 20ppm, soak time 28 hours;
B, by the seed of above-mentioned process adopt broadcast sowing or bar broadcast mode sowing;
(3) field management:
A, scaffolding shelter from heat or light: select after planting, before emerging spring, throw off furrow face covering, and a point furrow scaffolding shelters from heat or light;
B, weeding: select before emerging annual spring, autumn falls after seedling respectively except at least 1 time;
C, fertilising: initial bloom stage starts to spray phosphorus potassium composite foliage fertilizer, 1 ~ 2 time/week, until fall seedling; Start to topdress after seedling: after selecting farmyard manure, humus soil to mix, cover furrow face; Topdress from falling after seedling, 2 ~ 3 times/year.
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest.
Embodiment 2
A cultivation method for tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole:
Select height above sea level 1800 ~ 2500 meters, temperature 3 ~ 23 DEG C, leeward, half cloudy half light, is rich in the hillside fields of humus, and the thin rake of deep ploughing does furrow; Furrow are wide 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters, use 1300 kilograms of composite fertilizers mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 30:1:3 by barnyard manure, superphosphate, oil cake for every mu;
(2) sow:
A, Seeds preprocess: first by the low temperature flowing water method process of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed: water temperature 4 DEG C, water velocity 1.1 meter per second, 6 days processing times; And then carry out gibberellin immersion treatment: gibberellin concentration 25ppm, soak time 29 hours;
B, by the seed of above-mentioned process adopt broadcast sowing or bar broadcast mode sowing;
(3) field management:
A, scaffolding shelter from heat or light: select after planting, before emerging spring, throw off furrow face covering, and a point furrow scaffolding shelters from heat or light;
B, weeding: select before emerging annual spring, autumn falls after seedling respectively except at least 1 time;
C, fertilising: initial bloom stage starts to spray phosphorus potassium composite foliage fertilizer, 1 ~ 2 time/week, until fall seedling; Start to topdress after seedling: after selecting farmyard manure, humus soil to mix, cover furrow face; Topdress from falling after seedling, 2 ~ 3 times/year.
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest.
Embodiment 3
A cultivation method for tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole:
Select height above sea level 1800 ~ 2500 meters, temperature 3 ~ 23 DEG C, leeward, half cloudy half light, is rich in the hillside fields of humus, and the thin rake of deep ploughing does furrow; Furrow are wide 1.4 meters, use 1500 kilograms of composite fertilizers mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 30:2:2 by barnyard manure, superphosphate, oil cake for every mu;
(2) sow:
A, Seeds preprocess: first by the low temperature flowing water method process of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed: water temperature 5 DEG C, water velocity 1.2 meter per second, 7 days processing times; And then carry out gibberellin immersion treatment: gibberellin concentration 30ppm, soak time 30 hours;
B, by the seed of above-mentioned process adopt broadcast sowing or bar broadcast mode sowing;
(3) field management:
A, scaffolding shelter from heat or light: select after planting, before emerging spring, throw off furrow face covering, and a point furrow scaffolding shelters from heat or light;
B, weeding: select before emerging annual spring, autumn falls after seedling respectively except at least 1 time;
C, fertilising: initial bloom stage starts to spray phosphorus potassium composite foliage fertilizer, 1 ~ 2 time/week, until fall seedling; Start to topdress after seedling: after selecting farmyard manure, humus soil to mix, cover furrow face; Topdress from falling after seedling, 2 ~ 3 times/year.
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest.
Embodiment 4
A cultivation method for tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole:
Select height above sea level 1800 ~ 2500 meters, temperature 3 ~ 23 DEG C, leeward, half cloudy half light, is rich in the hillside fields of humus, and the thin rake of deep ploughing does furrow; Furrow are wide 1.5 meters, use 1600 kilograms of composite fertilizers mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 30:1:3 by barnyard manure, superphosphate, oil cake for every mu;
(2) sow:
A, Seeds preprocess: first by the low temperature flowing water method process of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed: water temperature 7 DEG C, water velocity 1 meter per second, 8 days processing times; And then carry out gibberellin immersion treatment: gibberellin concentration 35ppm, soak time 31 hours;
B, by the seed of above-mentioned process adopt broadcast sowing or bar broadcast mode sowing;
(3) field management:
A, scaffolding shelter from heat or light: select after planting, before emerging spring, throw off furrow face covering, and a point furrow scaffolding shelters from heat or light;
B, weeding: select before emerging annual spring, autumn falls after seedling respectively except at least 1 time;
C, fertilising: initial bloom stage starts to spray phosphorus potassium composite foliage fertilizer, 1 ~ 2 time/week, until fall seedling; Start to topdress after seedling: after selecting farmyard manure, humus soil to mix, cover furrow face; Topdress from falling after seedling, 2 ~ 3 times/year.
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest.
Embodiment 5
A cultivation method for tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole:
Select height above sea level 1800 ~ 2500 meters, temperature 3 ~ 23 DEG C, leeward, half cloudy half light, is rich in the hillside fields of humus, and the thin rake of deep ploughing does furrow; Furrow are wide 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters, use 1700 kilograms of composite fertilizers mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 30:1.5:2 by barnyard manure, superphosphate, oil cake for every mu;
(2) sow:
A, Seeds preprocess: first by the low temperature flowing water method process of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed: water temperature 6 DEG C, water velocity 1.2 meter per second, 8 days processing times; And then carry out gibberellin immersion treatment: gibberellin concentration 40ppm, soak time 32 hours;
B, by the seed of above-mentioned process adopt broadcast sowing or bar broadcast mode sowing;
(3) field management:
A, scaffolding shelter from heat or light: select after planting, before emerging spring, throw off furrow face covering, and a point furrow scaffolding shelters from heat or light;
B, weeding: select before emerging annual spring, autumn falls after seedling respectively except at least 1 time;
C, fertilising: initial bloom stage starts to spray phosphorus potassium composite foliage fertilizer, 1 ~ 2 time/week, until fall seedling; Start to topdress after seedling: after selecting farmyard manure, humus soil to mix, cover furrow face; Topdress from falling after seedling, 2 ~ 3 times/year.
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest.
Embodiment 6
A cultivation method for tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole:
Select height above sea level 1800 ~ 2500 meters, temperature 3 ~ 23 DEG C, leeward, half cloudy half light, is rich in the hillside fields of humus, and the thin rake of deep ploughing does furrow; Furrow are wide 1.2 meters, use 1800 kilograms of composite fertilizers mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 30:2:2.5 by barnyard manure, superphosphate, oil cake for every mu;
(2) sow:
A, Seeds preprocess: first by the low temperature flowing water method process of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed: water temperature 2 DEG C, water velocity 1.2 meter per second, 5 days processing times; And then carry out gibberellin immersion treatment: gibberellin concentration 20ppm, soak time 32 hours;
B, by the seed of above-mentioned process adopt broadcast sowing or bar broadcast mode sowing;
(3) field management:
A, scaffolding shelter from heat or light: select after planting, before emerging spring, throw off furrow face covering, and a point furrow scaffolding shelters from heat or light;
B, weeding: select before emerging annual spring, autumn falls after seedling respectively except at least 1 time;
C, fertilising: initial bloom stage starts to spray phosphorus potassium composite foliage fertilizer, 1 ~ 2 time/week, until fall seedling; Start to topdress after seedling: after selecting farmyard manure, humus soil to mix, cover furrow face; Topdress from falling after seedling, 2 ~ 3 times/year.
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest.
After application the inventive method, tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed germination rate is increased to more than 93%, and flowering rate and fruit bearing rate also improve greatly.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a cultivation method for tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole:
Select leeward, half cloudy half light, be rich in the hillside fields of humus, the thin rake of deep ploughing does furrow;
(2) sow:
A, Seeds preprocess: first by the low temperature flowing water method process of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed, and then carry out gibberellin immersion treatment;
B, by the seed of above-mentioned process adopt broadcast sowing or bar broadcast mode sowing;
(3) field management:
A, scaffolding shelter from heat or light:
B, weeding:
C, fertilising: initial bloom stage starts to spray foliage fertilizer, until fall seedling; Start to topdress after seedling;
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest.
2. the cultivation method of a kind of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb according to claim 1, is characterized in that: select height above sea level 1800 ~ 2500 meters in described step (1), the area that temperature is 3 ~ 23 DEG C is cultivated.
3. the cultivation method of a kind of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the furrow doing 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters wide in described step (1), uses 1200 ~ 1800 kilograms of composite fertilizers for every mu.
4. the cultivation method of a kind of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described composite fertilizer is mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 30:1 ~ 2:2 ~ 3 by barnyard manure, superphosphate, oil cake.
5. the cultivation method of a kind of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2) during the cryogenic flow water treatment of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed: water temperature 2 ~ 8 DEG C, water velocity 1 ~ 1.2 meter per second, 5 ~ 8 days processing times.
6. the cultivation method of a kind of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2) during tendril-leaved fritillary bulb seed gibberellin immersion treatment: gibberellin concentration 20 ~ 40ppm, soak time 28 ~ 32 hours.
7. the cultivation method of a kind of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), scaffolding shelters from heat or light selection after planting, before emerging spring, throws off furrow face covering, and a point furrow scaffolding shelters from heat or light.
8. the cultivation method of a kind of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb according to claim 1, is characterized in that: weeding is selected before emerging annual spring in described step (3), autumn falls after seedling respectively except at least 1 time.
9. the cultivation method of a kind of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), foliage fertilizer selects phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer; Foliar Spraying from initial bloom stage, 1 ~ 2 time/week, until fall seedling terminate.
10. the cultivation method of a kind of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb according to claim 1, is characterized in that: topdress in described step (3) after selecting farmyard manure, humus soil to mix and cover furrow face; Topdress from falling after seedling, 2 ~ 3 times/year.
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| CN201510486133.9A CN105103853A (en) | 2015-08-11 | 2015-08-11 | Method of cultivating fritillaria cirrhosa |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN106508405A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-22 | 广西大学 | Method for interplanting fritillary bulb in Chinese magnoliavine garden |
| CN108575635A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-28 | 小金县华旭种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of fritillaria |
| CN109105198A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-01 | 兴义市天瑞核桃种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of method of hickory nut underwood planting fritillaria |
| CN109452093A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-03-12 | 西藏月王药诊生态藏药科技有限公司 | A kind of Herba Dracocephali Tangutici cultural method |
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| CN106508405A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-22 | 广西大学 | Method for interplanting fritillary bulb in Chinese magnoliavine garden |
| CN108575635A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-28 | 小金县华旭种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of fritillaria |
| CN109105198A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-01 | 兴义市天瑞核桃种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of method of hickory nut underwood planting fritillaria |
| CN109452093A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-03-12 | 西藏月王药诊生态藏药科技有限公司 | A kind of Herba Dracocephali Tangutici cultural method |
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