CN109769490A - A method of it is grafted for Chinese scholar tree ancient tree - Google Patents
A method of it is grafted for Chinese scholar tree ancient tree Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting methods.The Chinese scholar tree ancient tree grafts the acquisition the following steps are included: scion: choosing the mature branch of 2~triennial, rugosity in 0.5cm or more and makees scion；The acquisition time of scion fallen leaves with winter after to before spring rudiment；Seal with wax preservation: for wax temperature control system at 90~100 DEG C, dipping time control is 1~2s when sealing wax；Spring scion grafting；Scion is grafted by the way of cortex grafting to stock；Summer budding；It is grafted in such a way that patch bud connects, grafting time was controlled in mid-June in the same year as scion the seedling middle and lower part for taking the scion grafting of spring in the same year to survive.Engrafting method of the present invention effectively improves graft survival rate, be conducive to Chinese scholar tree ancient tree and restore nature growth and vitality, ensure that ancient tree gets well growth, clone seedling can be quickly provided for new varieties, fine-variety breeding, realize that industrialization provides technical support, therefore the value with good practical application for breeding fast breeding.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high quality tree species raising technology fields, and in particular to a method of it is grafted for Chinese scholar tree ancient tree.
Background technique
Disclosing the information of the background technology part, it is only intended to increase understanding of the overall background of the invention, without certainty
It is considered as recognizing or implying in any form that information composition has become existing skill well known to persons skilled in the art
Art.
Chinese scholar tree (Sophora japonica Linn), alias man Chinese scholartree, middle Chinese scholar tree belong to Papillionoideae, Sophora.In China
There is long cultivation history, Chinese scholartree is just planted in imperial palace from the Zhou Dynasty by China, therefore Chinese scholartree has the title of " palace Chinese scholartree " again.It adapts to model
It encloses extensively, the service life is long, and contamination resistance is strong, and tree performance is graceful, and green shade is thick and heavy, just has been assigned noble, strong, open-minded essence from ancient times
Refreshing implied meaning.It is found in investigation, the wild natural community of many place Chinese scholar trees destroys totally, even if the Gu as ancient and well-known trees protection
Chinese scholartree is protected caused by the transformation of custom idea and is made due to artificial destruction (such as construction land, ancient tree are bought and sold), natural hazard
Only can be fewer and fewer with reasons, ancient trees such as declines, go down for a long time, necessarily causes the complete loss of local germ plasm resource.Chinese scholar tree is ancient
Resource is set after hardships precipitation in 1,100, various natural calamities, indomitable survives, long-lived and degeneration-resistant with most original
Gene.Due to various reasons, the phenomenon of Chinese scholar tree old tree's senescence death happens occasionally.From the point of view of the status that it is decayed, usually show
For the rotten cavity of trunk, it is crown it is incomplete, top tip is withered, branches and leaves are withered, pest and disease damage is serious, root growth is bad etc..These are ancient
Chinese scholartree is a part of China's preciousness products resource and important history relic, at the same ancient tree itself be both Vegetation succession real example and
It is the gene pool for storing incomparable precious species resource, to research tree ecology, plant evolution and variation and rearing new variety
All there is very high value.These ancient tree populations for being on the verge of to be destroyed how are effectively saved, are that an extremely urgent history is appointed
Business.
Wang Yongge carries out propagation by grafiting to 6 plants of North Sea Tang Chinese scholartree etc. ancient Chinese scholartrees；Graft survival rate is differed from 12.5% to 90%,
Meanwhile inventors have found that the engrafting method is influenced by tree vigo(u)r, scion collecting quantity is limited, Grafting experiments processing and repeat by
Limitation.And it is practical, in production, using ancient tree branch as scion, progress graft survival rate is not generally high, at the same by engrafting method,
Time, anvil fringe growth and development etc. are affected, and planting percent is low.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of method for the grafting of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree, specifically, its
The grafting of scion progress is done using Chinese scholar tree ancient tree branch, and uses different engrafting methods for different grafting periods, is effectively mentioned
High graft survival rate is conducive to Chinese scholar tree ancient tree and restores nature growth and vitality, ensures that ancient tree gets well growth, therefore have
The value of good practical application.
A kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method, comprising the following steps:
The acquisition of scion: it chooses the mature branch of 2~triennial, rugosity in 0.5cm or more and makees scion；When the acquisition of scion
Between fallen leaves with winter after to the principle for before spring rudiment, grasping " preferably evening is unsuitable early ", i.e., under the premise of ancient tree is ablastous, scion
The more late the time taken the better, more closer better from grafting period；Bud 1.5~2cm or more of the clip at nearest one locates to cut,
Guarantee that each scion guarantee there are 2~3 well-developed buds, it is not necessary to stick to the length of scion；
Further, the scion is preferably selected from the top branch of tree crown south orientation, using the top branch of tree crown south orientation,
Graft survival rate is higher；
Seal with wax preservation: for wax temperature control system at 90~100 DEG C, dipping time control is 1~2s when sealing wax；Wax temperature temperature is excessively high easily
Scion is scalded, temperature is too low, then wax layer is too thick, easily peels off；Speed is fast when wax is dipped in control, and the time has grown easy scald sprout and skin
Layer, to influence surviving for scion；
Specifically, the preservation of sealing with wax method particularly includes: when paraffin temperature is warming up to 90 DEG C or more, by the half of scion
It is taken out after dipping paraffin, dips the time no more than 1s；Scion is inverted, is taken out after paraffin is dipped in the other half scion, dips the time
No more than 1s；To make entire scion uniformly wrap up one layer of thin and bright paraffin layer；
Further, heat dissipation is spread in the scion after dipping in wax out, sufficiently heat dissipation cools completely carry additionally label after be reloaded into bag and be housed in 0
DEG C~5 DEG C of freezers, during storage, running check scion to store situation, to avoid mildew and rot.By to Chinese scholar tree ancient tree scion
Processing of sealing with wax is carried out, the dry dehydration of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree scion can be effectively prevent, improve survival rate；Meanwhile using processing of sealing with wax
It is less prone to mildew phenomena after Chinese scholar tree ancient tree scion pack storage, to effectively improve scion quality.
Spring scion grafting；Preferably, scion is grafted by the way of cortex grafting to stock, grafting time controlled in March
The last ten-days period, when stock tree body sap flows not yet rudiment；Be conducive to improve graft survival rate at this time；
The cortex grafting method particularly includes: stock erects partial application from up to down, gently pushes bast aside with knife, long inclined-plane is pasted
Xylem, short inclined-plane be gently inserted into close to bast along perpendicular notch, the bevel of stock and scion is smooth, and forming layer is mutually right
Stopping when bevel the top that is quasi-, being inserted into scion is from stock bevel 0.5cm；Meanwhile using grafting membrane by graft union bondage.Bondage
When to tie solid, closed, consolidation, to improve survival rate.
1~2 year raw seedling of the Root-stock selection, rugosity is in 0.8cm or more；First by stock from away from ground 5 before grafting
Stump is handled at~10cm；To be conducive to supply trunk nutrition, promotes grafting growth, improve graft survival rate；
Preprocess method before scion grafting are as follows: from the base portion of scion do not have bud on one side knife, be whittled into long 2.5cm
The smooth long inclined-plane of left and right, then the short inclined-plane for being whittled into long 1cm or so on one side that will have bud make scion lower end in flat wedge type.It cuts and connects
When fringe, knife wants sharp, and hand is steady, guarantees that bevel is smooth, smooth, a best knife is whittled into.
Summer budding；Preferably, the seedling middle and lower part for taking the scion grafting of spring in the same year to survive is as scion, the side connect using patch bud
Formula is grafted, and grafting time control passes through mushrooming out for 2 wheat harvesting periods in mid-June in the same year, the seedling of spring scion grafting at this time,
For height of seedling up to 100cm or more, degree of lignification is higher；
What the patch bud connect method particularly includes: be attached on stock notch buddering, make the forming layer side buddered with stock
The gap of 1mm or so is stayed in alignment, the other side, is sternly tightened with grafting membrane bundle, is allowed to waterproof up and down, air tight.
The stock is pre-processed before bud connects, specifically: by stock away from ground 20cm with upper bit stump；In stock
Away from a shiny surface is selected at 5~8cm of ground, a knife (rotary cutter when cutting) is gently cut from bottom to top, is about 2.5~3cm, deep about 2~
3mm。
The preparation method of buddering are as follows: scion is removed using the method (opposite with stock is cut) cut downwards and is buddered, is buddered
Length and width it is more smaller than the notch of stock.
Further, the Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method further includes managing after grafting；
The managing after grafting includes being managed after spring scion grafting after management and summer budding；
Wherein, it is managed after the spring scion grafting method particularly includes: after 10~15d of scion grafting, check in time, the plant to not surviving
Strain mends connect in time.The time is unbinded not less than 40d.It lightens restrictions on while release grafting membrane, bondage bamboo pole Auxiliary support.Grafting survival
Afterwards, it erases in time sprout tillers, to concentrate nutrient supply kind sprout to grow, guarantees survival rate and increment.
It is managed after the summer budding method particularly includes:
Bud connects inspection after a week and survives situation；Particular exam method are as follows: if bud tablets it is subsidiary petiole one touching be to fall, bud tablets are still
Green is kept, illustrates grafting survival, otherwise, benefit is carried out in time and connects.
From grafting to sprouting initial stage of buddering, the anvil bud germinated on stock be should be erased in time, and only retaining top has several blades
?；It budders and grows to 10cm or so, when starting vigorous growth, the top stock that will budder all is cut.
Conventional maintenance is carried out after surviving；Pay attention to watering, apply fertilizer, loosen the soil, weeding, the measures such as water drainage, to promote children
Seedling is grown up strong and sturdy；
The time is unbinded not less than 60d.
The second aspect of the invention provides the above method answering in Chinese scholar tree old trees' conservancy and/or Chinese scholar tree stock breeding
With.
The advantages and positive effects of the present invention:
The present invention is not high for Chinese scholar tree ancient tree graft survival rate, and by engrafting method, time, anvil fringe growth and development etc.
The shortcomings that being affected creatively proposes to continue through using spring scion grafting and summer budding two ways grafting method, from
And Chinese scholar tree ancient tree graft survival rate is significantly improved, through incomplete statistics, using the method for the invention, Chinese scholar tree ancient tree grafting survival
Rate is up to 90% or more；The method of the invention can reduce engrafting method, time, anvil fringe growth and development to Chinese scholar tree simultaneously
The influence of ancient tree grafting is conducive to Chinese scholar tree ancient tree and restores nature growth and vitality, ensures that ancient tree gets well growth, Ke Yiwei
New varieties, fine-variety breeding quickly provide clone seedling, realize that industrialization provides technical support for breeding fast breeding, therefore have
There is the value of good practical application.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the present invention.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with general technical staff of the technical field of the invention
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
As background technique is introduced, simple, high graft survival rate that it is urgent to provide a kind of methods is conducive to Chinese scholar tree ancient tree
Restore nature growth and vitality, ensures that ancient tree gets well the method for growth.Shandong Forest Science Academy was from 2011
Start to investigate the Chinese scholar tree germ plasm resource of the whole province, collects, saves.Seminar of the present invention lasts 4 years, to the ground of Shandong Province 17
The Chinese scholar tree ancient tree population of county, 97, city (city, area) major part villages (towns) and growth has carried out the collection of system.State inside the province is collected altogether
1306 strains of Chinese scholartree ancient tree, all carry out grafting preservation, in the process, sum up the graft technology suitable for Chinese scholar tree ancient tree.
In view of this, providing a kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method, including such as in a kind of typical embodiment of the invention
Lower step:
A kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method, comprising the following steps:
(1) it the acquisition of scion: chooses the mature branch of 2~triennial, rugosity in 0.5cm or more and makees scion；
(2) seal with wax preservation: for wax temperature control system at 90~100 DEG C, dipping time control is 1~2s when sealing wax；Wax temperature temperature mistake
High easily scald scion, temperature is too low, then wax layer is too thick, easily peels off；Speed is fast when wax is dipped in control, and the time has grown easy scald sprout
And cortex, to influence surviving for scion；
(3) spring scion grafting；Preferably, scion is grafted by the way of cortex grafting to stock, grafting time is controlled 3
The last ten-days period moon, when tree body sap flows not yet rudiment；Be conducive to improve graft survival rate at this time；
(4) summer budding；Preferably, the seedling middle and lower part for taking the scion grafting of spring in the same year to survive is connect as scion using patch bud
Mode grafted, grafting time control is in mid-June in the same year, and the seedling of spring scion grafting at this time is by the rapid of 2 wheat harvesting periods
Growth, for height of seedling up to 100cm or more, degree of lignification is higher；
In still another embodiment of the invention, the acquisition time of the scion fallen leaves with winter after to spring rudiment
Before, the principle of " preferably evening unsuitable early " is grasped, i.e., under the premise of ancient tree is ablastous, the more late the time that scion is taken the better, from transferring
It is more closer better to connect period；Bud 1.5~2cm or more of the clip at nearest one locates to cut, and guarantees that each scion guarantee has 2~3
A well-developed bud, it is not necessary to stick to the length of scion；
In still another embodiment of the invention, the scion is preferably selected from the top branch of tree crown south orientation, using tree
It is preced with the top branch of south orientation, graft survival rate is higher；
In still another embodiment of the invention, the preservation of sealing with wax method particularly includes: when paraffin temperature is warming up to 90
DEG C or more when, taken out after the half of scion is dipped paraffin, dip the time no more than 1s；Scion is inverted, the other half scion is soaked
It is taken out after dipping in paraffin, dips the time no more than 1s；To make entire scion uniformly wrap up one layer of thin and bright paraffin layer；
In still another embodiment of the invention, heat dissipation is spread in the scion after dipping in wax out, and sufficiently heat dissipation, which cools completely, carrys additionally label
After be reloaded into bag and be housed in 0 DEG C~5 DEG C freezers, during storage, running check scion to store situation, to avoid mould
It is rotten.By carrying out processing of sealing with wax to the scion of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree, it can be effectively prevent the dry dehydration of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree scion, raising survives
Rate；Meanwhile using mildew phenomena is less prone to after the Chinese scholar tree ancient tree scion for processing of sealing with wax pack storage, to effectively improve scion
Quality.
In still another embodiment of the invention, the cortex grafting method particularly includes: stock erects partial application from up to down,
Gently push bast aside with knife, by long inclined-plane close to xylem, short inclined-plane is gently inserted into close to bast along perpendicular notch, stock and
The bevel of scion is smooth, stopping when forming layer is mutually aligned, is inserted into bevel the top of scion from stock bevel 0.5cm；Meanwhile
Using grafting membrane by graft union bondage.Solid, closed, consolidation is tied when bondage, to improve survival rate.
In still another embodiment of the invention, 1~2 year raw seedling of the Root-stock selection, rugosity 0.8cm with
On；First by stock, stump is handled from away from 5~10cm of ground before grafting；
Preprocess method in still another embodiment of the invention, before the scion grafting are as follows: from the base portion of scion
There is no the one side of bud to play knife, be whittled into the smooth long inclined-plane of long 2.5cm or so, then is whittled into the short of long 1cm or so on one side for have a bud
Inclined-plane makes scion lower end in flat wedge type.When cutting scion, knife wants sharp, and hand is steady, guarantees that bevel is smooth, smooth, a best knife
It is whittled into.
In still another embodiment of the invention, what the patch bud connect method particularly includes: be attached to stock notch buddering
On, making to budder is aligned with the forming layer side of stock, and the gap of 1mm or so is stayed in the other side, is sternly tightened, is allowed to grafting membrane bundle
Lower left and right is waterproof, air tight.
In still another embodiment of the invention, the stock is pre-processed before bud connects, specifically: by stock away from
Ground 20cm is with upper bit stump；In stock away from a shiny surface is selected at 5~8cm of ground, a knife (rotating knife when cutting gently is cut from bottom to top
Head), it is about 2.5~3cm, deep about 2~3mm.
In still another embodiment of the invention, the preparation method of buddering are as follows: to scion using the method cut downwards
(opposite with stock is cut), which removes, budders, and the length and width buddered is more smaller than the notch of stock.
In still another embodiment of the invention, the Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method further includes managing after grafting；
In still another embodiment of the invention, the managing after grafting includes management and summer budding after spring scion grafting
After manage；
In still another embodiment of the invention, managed after the spring scion grafting method particularly includes: 10~15d of scion grafting
Afterwards, it checks in time, the plant not survived is mended in time and is connect.The time is unbinded not less than 40d.It lightens restrictions on while release grafting membrane,
Bondage bamboo pole Auxiliary support.After grafting survival, sprout tillers of erasing in time guarantees to survive to concentrate nutrient supply kind sprout to grow
Rate and increment.
In still another embodiment of the invention, managed after the summer budding method particularly includes:
Bud connects inspection after a week and survives situation；Particular exam method are as follows: if bud tablets it is subsidiary petiole one touching be to fall, bud tablets are still
Green is kept, illustrates grafting survival, otherwise, benefit is carried out in time and connects.
From grafting to sprouting initial stage of buddering, the anvil bud germinated on stock be should be erased in time, and only retaining top has several blades
?；It budders and grows to 10cm or so, when starting vigorous growth, the top stock that will budder all is cut.
Conventional maintenance is carried out after surviving；Pay attention to watering, apply fertilizer, loosen the soil, weeding, the measures such as water drainage, to promote children
Seedling is grown up strong and sturdy；
The time is unbinded not less than 60d.
In still another embodiment of the invention, it is numerous in Chinese scholar tree old trees' conservancy and/or Chinese scholar tree breeding to provide the above method
Application in educating.
The content of present invention is further described below with reference to embodiment, but is not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment
One, the selection and preservation of scion
1, the clip of scion
Raw shoot is less for the year mostly for ancient Chinese scholartree, and branch is thin and delicate, and clip no disease and pests harm, well-developed scion are very tired
It is difficult.When taking scion, we can the mature branch with 2~triennial of clip, no disease and pests harm, rugosity in 0.5cm or more make scion.
When acquiring scion, the top branch of tree crown south orientation is taken as far as possible.
It is at death's door for those, the withered ancient tree that is incomplete, sprouting newborn branch out of old branch, is had in clip scion
Observation carefully, takes mature branch clip several of the no disease and pests harm at its inessential position.
It is packed into polybag and is sealed after scion clip.
The acquisition time of scion fallen leaves with winter after to the principle that " preferably evening is unsuitable early " before spring rudiment, should be grasped, that is, exist
Under the premise of ancient tree is ablastous, the more late the time that scion is taken the better, more closer better from grafting period, preferably with adopting with connecing.
2, it seals with wax preservation
With adopting with sealing with wax.Ancient Chinese scholartree branch growing way is irregular, without sticking to the length of scion, clip apart from bud 1.5~
The place 2cm or more is cut, and each scion guarantee has 2~3 well-developed buds.
Enough water is added in iron pan, the beaker equipped with paraffin is placed in water-bath in iron pan, the water in pot is kept to locate always
In pico- fluidized state.When paraffin temperature reaches 90 DEG C or more, scion one end is held, it 1/2 is placed in the paraffin of fusing
It is fast it is quickly dipped once after take out immediately, the time does not exceed 1s, then holds this one end for dipping in wax, dips in upper paraffin for other 1/2 yet
It takes out immediately afterwards, entire scion can be made uniformly to superscribe one layer of thin and bright paraffin layer in this way.
Scion rear surface temperature of sealing with wax is very high, cannot be stacked upon, and scion is scattered immediately declines temperature, in order to avoid
Scion is injured because surface temperature cannot decline in time.After cooling, label is carried additionally into the scion sealed with wax, is sealed with polybag.
It is placed in 0~5 DEG C of Storage in cold bank.
Two, spring scion grafting (cortex grafting)
Include the following steps:
1, grafting time
Shandong District, generally in late March, when tree body sap flows not yet rudiment.
2, the processing of scion
From the base portion of scion do not have bud on one side knife, be whittled into the smooth long inclined-plane of long 2.5cm or so, then will have bud one
Face is whittled into the short inclined-plane of long 1cm or so, makes scion lower end in flat wedge type.When cutting scion, knife wants sharp, and hand is steady, guarantees to cut
Face is smooth, smooth, and a best knife is whittled into.
3, the processing of stock
1~2 year raw seedling of Root-stock selection, rugosity is in 0.8cm or more.Grafting before first by stock from away from ground 5~
Stump at 10cm.
4, it grafts
Stock erects partial application from up to down, gently pushes bast aside with knife, by long inclined-plane close to xylem, short inclined-plane close to
Bast is gently inserted into along perpendicular notch, and the bevel of stock and scion is smooth, and forming layer is mutually aligned, is inserted into the bevel of scion most
Stop when upper end is from stock bevel 0.5cm.Meanwhile using grafting membrane by graft union bondage.It to be tied when bondage solid, closed, tight
It is real, to improve survival rate.
5, it is managed after connecing
10~15d or so after grafting will be checked in time, to be mended and be connect in time to the plant not survived.The unbundlings time is not less than
40d.It lightens restrictions on while release grafting membrane, bondage bamboo pole Auxiliary support.After grafting survival, sprout tillers of erasing in time is supported with concentrating
Divide the growth of supply kind sprout, guarantees survival rate and increment.
Three, summer budding (patch bud connects)
1, grafting time
Mid-June, seedling the mushrooming out by 2 wheat harvesting periods of above-mentioned spring scion grafting, height of seedling is up to 100cm or more, wood
Matter degree is higher.The seedling middle and lower part for taking grafting survival is scion, is grafted.
2, stock is handled
By stock away from ground 20cm with upper bit stump.In stock away from a shiny surface is selected at 5~8cm of ground, from bottom to top gently
A knife (when cutting, with wrist gently rotary cutter) is cut, 2.5~3cm, deep about 2~3mm are about.
3, scion is handled
It is removed and is buddered with the method (opposite with stock is cut) cut downwards, the length and width buddered is omited than the notch of stock
It is small.
4, it grafts
It is attached on stock notch buddering, making to budder is aligned with the forming layer side of stock, and the sky of 1mm or so is stayed in the other side
Gap is sternly tightened with grafting membrane bundle, is allowed to waterproof up and down, air tight.
5, it is managed after connecing
Bud connects and can check survive situation after a week.If the subsidiary touching of petiole one of bud tablets is to fall, bud tablets still keep green, say
Bright grafting survival, otherwise, the benefit that need to make the best use of time connect.
From grafting to sprouting initial stage of buddering, the anvil bud germinated on stock be should be erased in time, and only retaining top has several blades
?.It budders and grows to 10cm or so, when starting vigorous growth, the top stock that will budder all is cut.
It is noted that watering, applying fertilizer, loosening the soil, weeding, the items measure such as water drainage in the maintenance after surviving, with promote seedling it is healthy and strong at
It is long.
The time is unbinded not less than 60d.
Four, points for attention
1, the time that scion notch exposes in air will be lacked as far as possible, and notch is avoided to be oxidized, to improve survival rate.
2, the film of grafting membrane thickness 0.004mm wraps up 1 layer at bud eye, and bud eye can voluntarily break through grafting membrane sprouting.
3, unbundlings select sharp pocket knife, and partial application is indulged at the bondage away from scion, and depth is advisable with cutting off grafting membrane.
Later as the diameter increment of anvil fringe and being exposed to the sun for sunlight, grafting membrane will be fallen by gradually support pine up to cracking, unbundlings can be played
Effect.
4, weeding after connecing, when loosening the soil, water, applying fertilizer, it should be noted that not touch at grafting, in order to avoid influence survival rate.
It should be noted that above example is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention rather than is limited.Although ginseng
It is described the invention in detail according to given example, but those skilled in the art can be as needed to this hair
Bright technical solution is modified or replaced equivalently, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method, which comprises the following steps:
The acquisition of scion: it chooses the mature branch of 2~triennial, rugosity in 0.5cm or more and makees scion；The acquisition time of scion with
To before spring rudiment after winter fallen leaves；
Seal with wax preservation: for wax temperature control system at 90~100 DEG C, dipping time control is 1~2s when sealing wax；
Spring scion grafting；Scion is grafted by the way of cortex grafting to stock；Grafting time control is stock tree body sap stream
When dynamic not yet rudiment；
Summer budding；It is grafted in such a way that patch bud connects as scion the seedling middle and lower part for taking the scion grafting of spring in the same year to survive.
2. a kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the scion is selected from tree crown south orientation
Top branch.
3. a kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described seal with wax saves specific method
Are as follows: it when paraffin temperature is warming up to 90 DEG C or more, is taken out after the half of scion is dipped paraffin, dips the time no more than 1s；Instead
Switching fringe, takes out after paraffin is dipped in the other half scion, dips the time no more than 1s；
Preferably, heat dissipation is spread in the scion after dipping in wax out, sufficiently heat dissipation cools completely carry additionally label after be reloaded into bag and be housed in 0 DEG C~5
DEG C freezer.
4. a kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cortex grafting method particularly includes:
Stock erects cut from up to down, gently pushes bast aside, by long inclined-plane close to xylem, short inclined-plane is light along perpendicular notch close to bast
The bevel of light insertion, stock and scion is smooth, and forming layer is mutually aligned, is inserted into the bevel of scion topmost from stock bevel
Stop when 0.5cm；Meanwhile using grafting membrane by graft union bondage.
5. a kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the Root-stock selection 1~2 year raw
Seedling, rugosity is in 0.8cm or more；First by stock, stump is handled from away from 5~10cm of ground before grafting；
Preprocess method before scion grafting are as follows: from the base portion of scion do not have bud on one side knife, be whittled into the flat of long 2.5cm
Sliding long inclined-plane, then the short inclined-plane for being whittled into long 1cm on one side that will have bud, make scion lower end in flat wedge type.
6. a kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the specific method that the patch bud connects
Are as follows: it is attached on stock notch buddering, making to budder is aligned with the forming layer side of stock, and the gap of 1mm is stayed in the other side, with grafting
Film bundle sternly tightens.
7. a kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the stock carries out in advance before bud connects
Processing, specifically: by stock away from ground 20cm with upper bit stump；In stock away from selecting a shiny surface, You Xiaxiang at 5~8cm of ground
On gently cut, be about 2.5~3cm, deep about 2~3mm；
The preparation method of buddering are as follows: scion is removed using the method cut downwards and is buddered, the length and width buddered is than anvil
The notch of wood is smaller.
8. a kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method is also
Including managing after grafting；
The managing after grafting includes being managed after spring scion grafting after management and summer budding.
9. a kind of Chinese scholar tree ancient tree engrafting method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that
It is managed after the spring scion grafting method particularly includes: after 10~15d of scion grafting, check in time, the plant not survived is mended in time
It connects；The time is unbinded not less than 40d；It lightens restrictions on while release grafting membrane, Auxiliary support is carried out to grafting；After grafting survival,
Timely sprout tillers of erasing；
It is managed after the summer budding method particularly includes: bud connects inspection after a week and survives situation；Particular exam method are as follows: if bud tablets
The subsidiary touching of petiole one is to fall, and bud tablets still keep green, illustrates grafting survival, otherwise, carries out benefit in time and connects；
From grafting to sprouting initial stage of buddering, the anvil bud germinated on stock be should be erased in time, and only retaining top has several blades；
It budders and grows to 10cm, when starting vigorous growth, the top stock that will budder all is cut；
Conventional maintenance is carried out after surviving；
The time is unbinded not less than 60d.
10. application of any one of the claim 1-9 the method in Chinese scholar tree old trees' conservancy and/or Chinese scholar tree stock breeding.
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