CN109717016A - A kind of water and fertilizer coupling high yield cultivating method for karst high and cold mountain area crop - Google Patents
A kind of water and fertilizer coupling high yield cultivating method for karst high and cold mountain area crop Download PDFInfo
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- CN109717016A CN109717016A CN201910021022.9A CN201910021022A CN109717016A CN 109717016 A CN109717016 A CN 109717016A CN 201910021022 A CN201910021022 A CN 201910021022A CN 109717016 A CN109717016 A CN 109717016A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of water and fertilizer coupling high yield cultivating methods for karst high and cold mountain area crop, it is the following steps are included: one, ridging: being growing area in the centre on ridge in the local ridging to be planted；Two, stalk or fallen leaves are broken for tiny fragment, fragment partial size is not more than 20mm；Three, the resulting fragment of step 2 is laid on the soil of growing area；Four, it will be spread fertilizer over the fields in the growing area for completing stalk after straw decomposing inoculant soil uniform mixing；Five, mulch is covered in ridge area and plantation region, pricks appropriate aperture in growing area mulch recess needle, maintains 10 to 15 days；Six, hole, corresponding plant in plantation are got through on the mulch of growing area.This programme uses ridging film covering method, has the function of water collection and keeping；Using decomposing agent in such a way that stalk fragment returning to the field combines, optimize existing whole stalk returning to the field and the longer method of toothing returning to the field decomposed period, simultaneously, applying appropriate decomposing agent can be improved the content of the nutrients such as soil with organic matter after straw-returning, improve the utilization rate of straw-returning, the yield for increasing crop achieves good using effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method more particularly to a kind of water and fertilizer coupling for karst high and cold mountain area crop are high
Cultural method is produced, crop-planting technical field is belonged to.
Background technique
Water and fertilizer coupling is to be promoted fertilizer with fertile water transfer with water, given full play to the comprehensive function of liquid manure.Plastic film mulching cultivation is logical
The plastic covering film on the soil of long-term cropping is crossed, soil moisture invalid evaporation is reduced, reaches Water-saving effect, while there is guarantor
Temperature inhibits weeds effect, can be improved crop yield.Straw-returning is to utilize stalk or dry branches and fallen leaves of crop etc., to cover,
It the modes returning to the field such as turns over, can be improved the soil organism, content of microorganisms, increase soil fertility.Currently, using covering with ground sheeting or
The method of straw-returning monoculture crop is more, and what the two combined has the double ridge whole stalk returning to the field corn ditch sides of broadcasting of stalk of full film
Method, but the whole stalk returning to the field period is longer, if carrying out technological improvement in existing covering with ground sheeting straw-returning technical foundation, passes through ground
Film water storage water conservation and straw-returning achieve the effect that promote fertilizer with fertile water transfer, with water, for the karsts high and cold mountain area such as Guizhou soil
Layer is shallow, soil capacity is low, engineering water shortage serious situation has important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is providing a kind of water and fertilizer coupling high yield for karst high and cold mountain area crop
Cultural method combines both covering with ground sheeting and straw-returning, has not only had the function of that mulch water conservation heat preservation inhibits weeds, but also tool
There is the effect of stalk fertilizer conservation, this programme uses ridging film covering method, has the function of water collection and keeping；Using decomposing agent and stalk fragment
The mode that returning to the field combines optimizes existing whole stalk returning to the field and the longer method of toothing returning to the field decomposed period, meanwhile, apply appropriate
Decomposing agent can be improved the content of the nutrients such as soil with organic matter after straw-returning, improve the utilization rate of straw-returning, increase
The yield of crop, the above-mentioned problem of effective solution.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of water and fertilizer coupling high yield cultivating method for karst high and cold mountain area crop,
It the described method comprises the following steps:
One, ridging: being growing area in the centre on ridge in the local ridging to be planted, row spacing 150mm, a height of 150mm in ridge,
Growing area width is 250mm；
Two, straw or fallen leaves are broken for tiny fragment, fragment partial size is not more than 20mm；
Three, the resulting fragment of step 2 is laid on the soil of growing area, with a thickness of 50mm；
Four, the plantation for completing stalk will be spread fertilizer over the fields after straw decomposing inoculant soil uniform mixing by the dosage of 2 kgs/acre of decomposing agents
In area；
Five, black mulch film is covered in ridge area and plantation region, pricks appropriate aperture in growing area mulch recess needle, so as to
Rainfall can penetrate into mulch, maintain 10 to 15 days；
Six, hole, corresponding plant in plantation are got through on the mulch of growing area.
The ridge is bar shaped ridge, and it is growing area in the centre on Zuo Long and right ridge that ridge, which includes Zuo Long and You Long,.
The ridge is square ridge, it includes rectangular ring ridge, is growing area in the centre on ring ridge.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with prior art, using technical solution of the present invention, by covering with ground sheeting and straw
Both stalk returning to the field combine, and have not only had the function of that mulch water conservation heat preservation inhibits weeds, but also have the effect of stalk fertilizer conservation, this programme
Using ridging film covering method, has the function of water collection and keeping；Using decomposing agent in such a way that stalk fragment returning to the field combines, optimize
Existing whole stalk returning to the field and the longer method of toothing returning to the field decomposed period, meanwhile, applying appropriate decomposing agent can be improved straw-returning
The content of the nutrients such as soil with organic matter afterwards, improves the utilization rate of straw-returning, increases the yield of crop, achieves very well
Using effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is bar shaped ridge structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is square ridge structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is square ridge top view of the invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to this specification attached drawing to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Fig. 1, a kind of water and fertilizer coupling high yield cultivating method for karst high and cold mountain area crop,
It the described method comprises the following steps:
One, ridging: being growing area 2 in the centre on ridge in the local ridging to be planted, row spacing 150mm, a height of 150mm in ridge,
2 width of growing area is 250mm；
Two, straw or fallen leaves are broken for tiny fragment, fragment partial size is not more than 20mm；
Three, the resulting fragment of step 2 is laid on the soil of growing area 2, with a thickness of 50mm；
Four, the plantation for completing stalk will be spread fertilizer over the fields after straw decomposing inoculant soil uniform mixing by the dosage of 2 kgs/acre of decomposing agents
In area 2；
Five, general black polyethylene ground film is covered on 2 region of ridge area and growing area, mulch is with a thickness of 0.01mm, in growing area 2
Mulch recess pricks appropriate aperture with needle, so that rainfall can penetrate into mulch, maintains 10 to 15 days；
Six, hole 5, potato in plantation are got through on the mulch 4 of growing area 2.
Further, ridge is bar shaped ridge, and it is growing area 2 in the centre on left ridge 1 and right ridge 3 that ridge, which includes left ridge 1 and right ridge 3,.
Embodiment 2: as shown in Fig. 2, a kind of water and fertilizer coupling high yield cultivating method for karst high and cold mountain area crop,
It the described method comprises the following steps:
One, ridging: being growing area 2 in the centre on ridge in the local ridging to be planted, row spacing 150mm, a height of 150mm in ridge,
2 width of growing area is 250mm；
Two, straw or fallen leaves are broken for tiny fragment, fragment partial size is not more than 20mm；
Three, the resulting fragment of step 2 is laid on the soil of growing area 2, with a thickness of 50mm；
Four, the plantation for completing stalk will be spread fertilizer over the fields after straw decomposing inoculant soil uniform mixing by the dosage of 2 kgs/acre of decomposing agents
In area 2；
Five, general black polyethylene ground film is covered on 2 region of ridge area and growing area, mulch is with a thickness of 0.01mm, in growing area 2
Mulch recess pricks appropriate aperture with needle, so that rainfall can penetrate into mulch, maintains 10 to 15 days；
Six, hole 5, potato in plantation are got through on the mulch 4 of growing area 2.
Further, in the surrounding ridging to be planted, ridge is straight-flanked ring ridge, is growing area 2 in the centre on ridge, row spacing is
150mm, a height of 150mm in ridge, 2 width of growing area be 250mm, plantation section length according to planting site block length, move towards determination.
In January, 2018, especially have chosen Guizhou Province, the Bijie City town Sa Laxi, karst plateau mountain area be sample plot into
It has gone comparative experiments, has first chosen one piece of more smooth field, it is divided into seven pieces according to landform and the identical condition of soil,
Two pieces of planting types using technical solution of the present invention are cultivated, and other five pieces be then respectively adopted common tiling mulch,
Ridging overlay film, it is flat cover stalk, the flat blank control method covering stalk+decomposing agent and directly planting carries out plantation potato, and passes through
Potato per mu yield in 2018 is compared, data are as shown in table 1:
Table 1: influence of the different cultural methods to potato yield
As can be seen from the table, relative to other several planting types, using ridging overlay film+stalk of the invention+decomposed
Agent planting type carries out potato plantation, compared with other cultivation step potato yields of the same period, per mu yield highest, wherein straight-flanked ring
Ridge overlay film+stalk+decomposing agent cultivation effect is slightly better than bar shaped ridging overlay film+stalk+decomposing agent.Using ridging film mulching method, reach
The effect of collection rain water conservation heat preservation has been arrived, while stalk can gather materials on the spot, using local agricultural crop straw, dry branches and fallen leaves etc.,
Improve Soil Micro-environment, not only increase the content of the nutrients such as soil with organic matter, and can use water and fertilization conditions,
Achieve the purpose that promote fertilizer with fertile water transfer, with water, stalk is added suitable decomposing agent, can shorten the time of straw-returning, improves
Efficiency.Relative to bar shaped ridging overlay film, straight-flanked ring ridge film mulching method is more advantageous to the accumulation of rainwater, increases to a certain extent
The yield of crop.
Place is not described in detail by the present invention, is the well-known technique of those skilled in the art of the present technique.Finally, it is stated that the above reality
It applies example to be only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it, although having carried out specifically the present invention referring to preferred embodiment
It is bright, those skilled in the art should understand that, can with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made, and
The objective and range for not departing from technical solution of the present invention, are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of water and fertilizer coupling high yield cultivating method for karst high and cold mountain area crop, it is characterised in that: the method packet
Include following steps:
One, ridging: being growing area (2) in the centre on ridge in the local ridging to be planted, row spacing 150mm, and ridge is a height of
150mm, growing area (2) width are 250mm；
Two, straw or fallen leaves are broken for tiny fragment, fragment partial size is not more than 20mm；
Three, the resulting fragment of step 2 is laid on the soil of growing area (2), with a thickness of 50mm；
Four, the plantation for completing stalk will be spread fertilizer over the fields after straw decomposing inoculant soil uniform mixing by the dosage of 2 kgs/acre of decomposing agents
In area (2)；
Five, black mulch film is covered in ridge area and growing area (2) region, it is appropriate small with needle bundle in growing area (2) mulch recess
It is maintained 10 to 15 days so that rainfall can penetrate into mulch in hole；
Six, it is got through hole (5) on the mulch (4) of growing area (2), corresponding plant in plantation.
2. the water and fertilizer coupling high yield cultivating method according to claim 1 for karst high and cold mountain area crop, feature
Be: the ridge is bar shaped ridge, and ridge includes left ridge (1) He Youlong (3), is growing area in the centre of Zuo Long (1) He Youlong (3)
(2).
3. the water and fertilizer coupling high yield cultivating method according to claim 1 for karst high and cold mountain area crop, feature
Be: the ridge is square ridge, it includes rectangular ring ridge (1), is growing area (2) in the centre of Huan Long (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910021022.9A CN109717016A (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2019-01-09 | A kind of water and fertilizer coupling high yield cultivating method for karst high and cold mountain area crop |
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| CN201910021022.9A CN109717016A (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2019-01-09 | A kind of water and fertilizer coupling high yield cultivating method for karst high and cold mountain area crop |
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| CN109717016A true CN109717016A (en) | 2019-05-07 |
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| CN201910021022.9A Pending CN109717016A (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2019-01-09 | A kind of water and fertilizer coupling high yield cultivating method for karst high and cold mountain area crop |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110731239A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-31 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | Water-saving soil moisture conservation method and structure for karst slope farmland |
| CN115299304A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-08 | 遵义市农业科学研究院 | Under-forest ridge-forming and film-covering cultivation method for konjac |
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| CN102199564A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-09-28 | 武汉合缘绿色生物工程有限公司 | Composite microbial agent for direct decomposition of crop straws returned to field and preparation method thereof |
| CN103098633A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-15 | 武永福 | Anniversary furrow film mulching drought resisting cultivation technique for corns in north arid area |
| CN103120106A (en) * | 2011-11-20 | 2013-05-29 | 孙秀芝 | W-shaped laminating cultivation structure suitable for cold highland area planted crops |
| CN103314764A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-09-25 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Furrow, film, ridge and straw combined type mulching cultivation method for crops |
| CN106358748A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-02-01 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Dry land spring corn planting method based on straw turnover |
| CN106576851A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-04-26 | 安徽科技学院 | Efficient large-scale integrated method for planting summer maize |
| CN108293729A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2018-07-20 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | A kind of nonirrigated farmland plastic-sheet-covered wheat green section fertilizer cultural method |
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102199564A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-09-28 | 武汉合缘绿色生物工程有限公司 | Composite microbial agent for direct decomposition of crop straws returned to field and preparation method thereof |
| CN103120106A (en) * | 2011-11-20 | 2013-05-29 | 孙秀芝 | W-shaped laminating cultivation structure suitable for cold highland area planted crops |
| CN103098633A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-15 | 武永福 | Anniversary furrow film mulching drought resisting cultivation technique for corns in north arid area |
| CN103314764A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-09-25 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Furrow, film, ridge and straw combined type mulching cultivation method for crops |
| CN106358748A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-02-01 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Dry land spring corn planting method based on straw turnover |
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| CN108293729A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2018-07-20 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | A kind of nonirrigated farmland plastic-sheet-covered wheat green section fertilizer cultural method |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110731239A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-31 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | Water-saving soil moisture conservation method and structure for karst slope farmland |
| CN115299304A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-08 | 遵义市农业科学研究院 | Under-forest ridge-forming and film-covering cultivation method for konjac |
| CN115299304B (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-07-25 | 遵义市农业科学研究院 | Ridging and film-covering cultivation method for konjak under forest |
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Application publication date: 20190507 |
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