CN109693407B - 用于结合或切割轮胎组件的轮胎成型设备和方法 - Google Patents

用于结合或切割轮胎组件的轮胎成型设备和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109693407B
CN109693407B CN201811233203.XA CN201811233203A CN109693407B CN 109693407 B CN109693407 B CN 109693407B CN 201811233203 A CN201811233203 A CN 201811233203A CN 109693407 B CN109693407 B CN 109693407B
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rocking
building apparatus
guide
carriage
tire
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CN109693407A (zh
Inventor
G·J·C·范拉尔
G·R·尼兰德
C-J·奥托
D·威斯
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VMI Holland BV
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VMI Holland BV
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/38Textile inserts, e.g. cord or canvas layers, for tyres; Treatment of inserts prior to building the tyre
    • B29D30/42Endless textile bands without bead-rings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/26Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member
    • B26D7/2628Means for adjusting the position of the cutting member
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/0681Parts of pneumatic tyres; accessories, auxiliary operations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006Cutting members therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/14Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
    • B26D1/157Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis
    • B26D1/18Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis mounted on a movable carriage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/45Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member the movement of which is not covered by any preceding group
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
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    • B26D3/00Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/003Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor specially adapted for cutting rubber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/08Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut
    • B26D5/086Electric, magnetic, piezoelectric, electro-magnetic means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
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    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B29C66/1162Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/14Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections the joint having the same thickness as the thickness of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8221Scissor or lever mechanisms, i.e. involving a pivot point
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8226Cam mechanisms; Wedges; Eccentric mechanisms
    • B29C66/82263Follower pin or roller cooperating with a groove
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/836Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/9261Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/92611Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the gap between the joining tools
    • B29C66/92613Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the gap between the joining tools the gap being kept constant over time
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29D30/42Endless textile bands without bead-rings
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Tyre Moulding (AREA)
  • Control Of Cutting Processes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于结合或切割轮胎组件的轮胎成型设备和方法。该轮胎成型设备包括:摇摆构件,该摇摆构件可在摇摆平面中沿摇摆线摇摆运动;平移引导件,其平行于摇摆线延伸;以及滑架,可沿所述平移引导件移动,其中该摇摆构件具有凸形边缘,其限定一个圆的小圆弧并延伸直到旋转中心,其中该摇摆构件由滑架支撑在旋转中心上并且相对于所述滑架绕延伸通过所述旋转中心的旋转轴线进行角移位。

Description

用于结合或切割轮胎组件的轮胎成型设备和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于结合或切割轮胎组件的轮胎成型设备和方法。
背景技术
WO2016/007001A1公开了一种用于切割轮胎组件的切割装置,其中该切割装置包括上切割构件,该上切割构件具有弧形上切割刃,该上切割刃布置成沿一下切割构件以摇摆运动方式移动,其中该弧形上切割刃具有一半径和一旋转中心,其适合于在所述半径的原点处的摇摆运动,其中该旋转中心位于上切割构件的外侧。
WO2017/105220A1公开了一种用于将轮胎组件结合在支撑构件上的结合设备,其中该结合设备包括具有弧形挤压体的第一摇摆构件。弧形挤压体具有凸形接触表面,该凸形接触表面具有限定一旋转中心的半径,该旋转中心同样位于第一摇摆构件外部,其中该第一摇摆构件布置成绕所述旋转中心在摇摆平面中以摇摆运动移动。
在这两种情况下,旋转中心的位置不再受到物理限制,并且半径可以显著增加。因此,可以防止材料膨胀,并且可以提高切割或结合的质量。
发明内容
已有切割装置和已有结合设备共同的缺点在于,在没有物理旋转中心的情况下,复杂的摇摆运动必须由几个分散型引导件引导。在这两种情况下,摇摆运动通过弧形驱动轨和在所述弧形驱动轨上运行的驱动轮之间的相互作用而施加到摇摆构件上。同时需要额外的引导件来引导摇摆构件的端点沿相应的摆线形路径的运动。驱动轮、弧形驱动轨和所述引导件之间的任何不精确都会导致装置的各个组件之间的摩擦、扭转和/或张力,这会缩短所述组件的寿命。通过润滑可以减少摩擦。然而,润滑剂可能污染轮胎组件的材料。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于结合或切割轮胎组件的轮胎成型设备和方法,其中该解决了上述缺点中的至少一个。
根据第一方面,本发明提供一种用于结合或切割轮胎组件的轮胎成型设备,其中该轮胎成型设备包括摇摆构件,该摇摆构件可在摇摆平面中沿摇摆线以摇摆运动移动以结合或切割轮胎组件,其中该轮胎成型设备包括:平移引导件,其沿平行于摇摆线的平移方向延伸;以及滑架,其可沿所述平移引导件在所述平移方向上平移地移位,其中该摇摆构件包括主体,该主体在一端上具有限定一个圆的小圆弧的凸形边缘,而在另一端上至少延伸直到与所述圆同心的旋转中心,其中该摇摆构件由滑架支撑在旋转中心上并且可相对于所述滑架绕一旋转轴线进行角移位,该旋转轴线垂直于摇摆平面延伸穿过所述旋转中心。
在凸形边缘和旋转中心之间需要非常大的半径的一些情况下,可能无法将旋转中心处的摇摆构件物理地连接到滑架。在这些情况下,可以使用现有技术的设备,但其缺点自不待言。本发明涉及这样的特定情况,其中该轮胎构造工艺要求允许使用较小的半径或者设备的尺寸不是问题。在那些情况下,让摇摆构件物理地延伸直到旋转中心并且由旋转中心处的滑架支撑,允许进行更精确的联接。由于可以减小所述联接的摩擦和公差,因此需要较少的润滑并且可以显著降低污染轮胎组件材料的机会。
在优选实施例中,轮胎成型设备包括旋转引导件,用于控制摇摆构件绕旋转轴线的角位移,其与滑架在平移方向上的平移位移相结合导致摇摆运动。摇摆构件相对于旋转中心的形状意味着其质心将在摇摆运动期间移位。设置旋转引导件以确保摇摆构件相对于平移位移的适当和/或恒定的旋转,而不管其质心的变化位置如何。在这样做时,旋转引导件可以进一步控制或减少摇摆构件相对于摇摆线处的轮胎组件的滑动。
在一个优选实施例中,旋转引导件布置成以与滑架的以弧度为单位的平移位移成1:1的比例控制摇摆构件的以弧度为单位的角位移。因此,可以有效地防止在摇摆线处摇摆构件与轮胎组件之间的滑动。
在一个替代实施例中,旋转引导件布置成以与滑架的以弧度为单位的平移位移成在1:0.9到1:1.1的范围内的比例控制摇摆构件的以弧度为单位的角位移。稍微偏离1:1的比例可以产生少量的滑动,其摩擦可以用于在轮胎组件上施加(小的)方向力,例如,以获得更好的拼接、防止拼接轮胎组件之间的过渡处的突起或凹痕或防止材料裂开。
在其进一步的实施例中,旋转引导件布置成用于在摇摆运动期间可变地控制摇摆构件的以弧度为单位的角位移与滑架的以弧度为单位的平移位移之间的比例。因此,可以在整个摇摆运动中可变地控制由此产生的滑动和摩擦。
在另一个实施例中,旋转引导件包括:致动器,用于提供控制运动;以及连接构件,用于将致动器连接到摇摆构件,以将所述控制运动施加到摇摆构件上。因此,旋转引导件可以主动地控制摇摆构件的旋转。
在其一个实施例中,致动器是用于提供旋转控制运动的旋转致动器,其中该旋转引导件包括曲轴,该曲轴将旋转控制运动转换成往复控制运动。该往复控制运动可以有效地用于精确控制摇摆运动。
在其进一步的实施例中,连接构件还包括杆,该杆在与旋转中心间隔开的控制点处将曲轴可旋转地连接到摇摆构件。因此可以在所述控制点上施加往复控制运动,以使所述控制点沿摆线形或大致摆线形路径移动。
优选地,杆布置成用于使得控制点在摇摆运动期间沿摆线形路径移动,其中该控制点布置成在摇摆运动期间移动通过摆线形路径中的尖点。当控制点移动通过在摆线形路径中的尖点时,控制点的移动方向在尖点处反转,并且在尖点之前和之后控制点行进的摆线形路径相对靠近在一起,从而更有效地使用曲轴的范围。
在替代实施例中,旋转引导件包括引导槽或引导脊,该引导槽或引导脊相对于平移引导件处于固定位置上,其中该旋转引导件还包括引导辊,该引导辊在相对于摇摆构件的固定位置上与旋转中心间隔开,并且布置成在滑架沿平移方向的平移移位期间,接合并跟随引导槽或引导脊。优选地,引导槽或引导脊沿摆线形路径延伸,以在摇摆运动期间跟随引导辊。引导槽或引导脊与引导辊之间的相互作用可以被视为旋转的被动控制,意味着旋转可以由旋转引导件控制而不用任何主动驱动部件。
在另一实施例中,轮胎成型设备还包括高度调节引导件,其沿垂直于摇摆线的高度方向延伸,其中该摇摆构件可沿所述高度调节引导件在所述高度方向上移动。因此,可以调节摇摆构件和用于在摇摆线处支撑轮胎组件的支撑构件之间的间隙,从而允许针对各种厚度的轮胎组件调节轮胎成型设备。在摇摆线的相对侧的支撑构件不能在高度方向上进行调节的情况下,这是特别方便的。
在其一个实施例中,高度调节引导件布置在滑架和摇摆构件之间,用于使摇摆构件相对于滑架在高度方向上移动。因此,代替移动滑架和摇摆构件,仅需要抬升摇摆构件。
在其一个实施例中,轮胎成型设备还包括支承构件,该支承构件可相对于滑架固定在支承位置,并且布置成将摇摆构件支承在所述摇摆构件的下限处的所述支承位置上。因此,至少可以固定摇摆构件相对于滑架的下限。
在其一个实施例中,支承构件可在平行于或横向于高度方向的调节方向上调节,以调节所述摇摆构件的下限。通过调节摇摆构件的下限,可以设定摇摆构件和摇摆线之间在所述高度方向上的间隙。
在其优选实施例中,轮胎成型设备还包括调节构件,该调节构件相对于平移引导件处于固定位置,用于在滑架移动到调节构件时接触支承构件,其中该调节构件布置成用于沿调节方向移位支承构件通过接触点。因此,不需要主动驱动型调节构件,并且仅通过相对于调节构件移动滑架就可以容易地设定由支承构件限定的下限。
在另一个实施例中,轮胎成型设备还包括第一夹紧构件和第二夹紧构件,第一夹紧构件和第二夹紧构件在摇摆平面的相对侧上平行于摇摆线延伸,用于沿摇摆构件将轮胎组件相对于摇摆构件保持在摇摆线上。夹紧构件可以防止轮胎组件的相对粘性材料在摇摆运动期间粘到摇摆构件上。
在其一个实施例中,第一夹紧构件和第二夹紧构件可远离摇摆线移动。这允许例如,当(例如通过使用合适的传感器)在摇摆线处检测到不规则性时,对轮胎成型设备进行维护或检修。
在优选实施例中,凸形边缘是拼接边缘。因此,轮胎成型设备可用于轮胎组件的结合、拼接或缝合。
在替代实施例中,凸形边缘是切割刃。因此,轮胎成型设备可用于切割轮胎组件。
在另一实施例中,摇摆构件在旋转中心和凸形边缘之间具有一半径,其中该凸形边缘具有小于两弧度的长度。优选地,凸形边缘的长度小于一弧度。因此,凸形边缘仅跨越圆的部分圆周。
根据第二方面,本发明提供一种使用根据前述任一实施例的轮胎成型设备结合或切割轮胎组件的方法,其中该方法包括以下步骤:
-在摇摆线上支撑一个或多个轮胎组件;和
-沿平移引导件在平移方向上平移地移位滑架。
该方法及其实施例涉及前述轮胎成型设备的使用,因此具有相同的技术优点,此后将不再重复。
在该方法的优选实施例中,轮胎成型鼓还包括旋转引导件,其中该方法还包括使用旋转引导件来控制摇摆构件绕旋转轴线的角位移的步骤,该角位移与滑架在平移方向上的平移位移相结合导致摇摆运动。
在该方法的一个优选实施例中,将摇摆构件的以弧度为单位的角位移控制为与滑架的以弧度为单位的平移位移的比例为1:1。
在该方法的一个替代实施例中,将摇摆构件的以弧度为单位的角位移控制为与滑架的以弧度为单位的平移位移的比例在1:0.9到1:1.1的范围内。
在其优选实施例中,在摇摆运动期间可变地控制摇摆构件的以弧度为单位的角位移与滑架的以弧度为单位的平移位移之间的比例。
在该方法的另一个实施例中,凸形边缘是拼接边缘,其中该方法包括用所述摇摆运动拼接轮胎组件的步骤。
在该方法的替代实施例中,凸形边缘是切割刃,其中该方法包括用所述摇摆运动切割轮胎组件的步骤。
在任何可能的情况下,可以单独地应用说明书中描述并示出的各个方面和特征。这些各个方面,特别是所附从属权利要求中描述的方面和特征,可以成为分案专利申请的主题。
附图说明
本发明将基于所附示意图中所示的示例性实施例来阐明,在附图中:
图1、2和3示出了在摇摆运动的步骤期间根据本发明的第一实施例的用于结合或切割轮胎组件的轮胎成型设备的正视图;
图4示出了根据图2的轮胎成型设备的后视图;
图5示出了根据图2中的线V-V的轮胎成型设备的横截面;和
图6、7和8示出了在摇摆运动的步骤期间根据本发明的第二实施例的用于结合或切割轮胎组件的替代轮胎成型设备的正视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明第一实施例的用于结合、缝合或拼接一个或多个轮胎组件9的轮胎成型设备1。作为选择,在略微不同的构造中,根据本发明第一实施例的轮胎成型设备1可用于切割一个或多个轮胎组件9。
如图1、2和3所示,轮胎成型设备1包括摇摆构件2和底座3,例如用于在工厂车间地板上支撑所述摇摆构件2的框架。摇摆构件2可相对于底座3在摇摆平面P中沿摇摆线L摇摆运动。摇摆运动是摇摆构件2在摇摆线L上的部分或往复滚动运动。在摇摆线L的相对于摇摆构件2的相对侧,设置支撑构件4,用于在摇摆线L处支撑一个或多个轮胎组件9。支撑构件4例如可以传送带,其从上游工位朝向轮胎成型设备1进给轮胎组件9,以便结合或切割。作为选择,支撑构件4可以是与轮胎成型设备1相关联的桌子或平台,用于与摇摆构件2配合以结合轮胎组件9。当切割轮胎组件9时,支撑构件4可以是与摇摆构件2配合以切割轮胎组件9的固定切割杆。
如图1、2和3中最佳所见,摇摆构件2包括主体20,主体20在一端具有凸形边缘21,凸形边缘21沿圆C的小圆弧限定和/或延伸。通常将小圆弧理解为圆中小于半圆(例如小于180度或小于Pi弧度)的闭合圆形段。因此,凸形边缘21具有小于180度或小于Pi弧度的圆周长度。优选地,凸形边缘21的圆周长度小于两弧度,最优选小于一弧度。在与凸形边缘21相对的另一端,主体2至少延伸至到相对于所述圆C同心地定位的旋转中心X。特别地,主体2至少在半径R上凸形边缘21延伸直到旋转中心X,以将凸形边缘21物理地连接到所述旋转中心X。在该示例性实施例中,摇摆构件2的主体20基本上类似于圆C的饼形扇区。然而,主体20可以替代地成形,例如出于重量减轻或紧凑的原因,只要保持其端部处的凸形边缘21即可。主体20例如可以设置有如图1-3所示的孔或槽,以减轻摇摆构件2的总重量。
如图5中的横截面所示,摇摆构件2的凸形边缘21由凸形挤压表面形成,用于结合、缝合或拼接轮胎组件9。作为选择,凸形边缘21可以形成为用于切割轮胎组件9的切割刃或刀刃。如图1-3中最佳所见,凸形边缘21可以是环形元件22的一部分,该环形元件22可拆卸地安装到摇摆构件2的主体20上并且可以易于互换以进行维护或在结合和切割操作之间切换。
可选地,摇摆构件2还可以设置有校准元件23,用于以稍后将描述的方式校准摇摆构件2的中心位置。
如图1、2和3所示,轮胎成型设备1设置有平移引导件5,平移引导件5固定地安装到底座3上并且在平行于摇摆线L的平移方向T上延伸。在该示例性实施例中,平移引导件5由两条线性延伸的滑轨51、52形成。轮胎成型设备1还包括滑架6,滑架6可沿所述平移引导件5在所述平移方向T上平移地移动。滑架6在平移方向T上在图1和图3中的极限位置之间的平移位移,用图1中的距离箭头F示意性地示出。滑架6布置成用于在其旋转中心X处支撑摇摆构件2或用于将摇摆构件2悬挂在其旋转中心X。摇摆构件2在旋转中心X处可旋转地联接到滑架6,以便在绕垂直于摇摆平面P延伸穿过旋转中心X的旋转轴线的一旋转方向W上相对于所述滑架6进行角移位。该角位移在图1中用角度距离箭头G示意性地示出。凸形边缘21处的角位移G等于或大致等于所述凸形边缘21沿摇摆线L行进的距离,即由摇摆构件2挤压或切割的轮胎组件的长度。当旋转中心X和旋转轴线重合时,在下文中它们都将以标记字母X进行引用。可以通过在旋转中心X处或同心地接近旋转中心X处在摇摆构件2和滑架6之间设置轴承或其他合适的低摩擦旋转机构来获得可旋转的联接。
如图1、2和3中最佳所见,轮胎成型设备1还包括旋转引导件7,用于控制摇摆构件2绕旋转轴线X在旋转方向W上的角位移G。特别地,旋转引导件7布置成用于控制所述角位移,使得旋转方向W上的角位移G——与滑架6在平移方向T上的平移位移F相结合——导致摇摆构件2的所需摇摆运动。为了获得凸形边缘21相对于摇摆线L没有滑动的完美摇摆运动,旋转引导件7应该配置成控制弧度角位移G等于平移方向T上的以弧度为单位的平移位移F,即摇摆构件2以弧度为单位的角位移G与滑架6以弧度为单位的平移位移T之比为1:1。
旋转引导件7包括:致动器70,用于主动提供控制运动;以及连接构件71(例如杆),其将致动器70连接到摇摆构件2,用于将控制运动施加到摇摆构件2上。连接构件71优选在摇摆平面P上或平行于摇摆平面P,沿大致平行于平移方向T的方向,朝向致动器70延伸,该致动器70优选位于摇摆构件2在平移方向T上的一侧。致动器70优选地是可控制的,以便可以调节控制运动。因此,致动器70可以有利于(轻微)偏离完美摇摆运动(例如在10%的范围内偏离),以允许在凸形边缘21和轮胎组件9之间在摇摆线L处产生一些摩擦。所述摩擦可以方便地用于在轮胎组件9上沿与摇摆线L平行或大致平行的方向施加(小)方向力。例如,致动器70可以将摇摆构件2的以弧度为单位的角位移G与滑架6的以弧度为单位的平移位移F之间的比例,控制在1:0.9到1:1.1的范围内。
优选地,致动器70例如是通过使用伺服电动机可连续可调的,以便在摇摆运动期间可变地控制摇摆构件2的以弧度为单位的角位移G与滑架6的以弧度为单位的平移位移F之间的比例。因此,可以在摇摆运动期间或其一部分期间连续地调节上述比例。例如,当摇摆构件2接近一个或多个轮胎组件9的材料的边缘或在该一个或多个轮胎组件9的材料的边缘上移动时,可以调节该比例,例如以便在结合轮胎组件的尖端部分期间防止形成所谓的“狗耳朵”。
在该示例性实施例中,致动器70是用于提供旋转控制运动的旋转致动器。因此,旋转引导件7包括曲轴72,其将旋转控制运动转换成往复控制运动,并且连接构件71是具有适当形状的刚性杆,其具有可铰接地连接到曲轴72的第一端73和在控制点D处可铰接地连接到摇摆构件2的第二端74。注意,控制点D沿摆线形路径B行进,同时引导摇摆构件2在如图1、2和3所示的位置之间的摇摆运动。优选地,所述控制点D在摇摆运动期间沿摆线形路径B移动通过尖点A。在该示例性实施例中,尖点A位于摇摆构件2的中心位置处。
为了校准致动器70相对于摇摆构件2的中心位置的中心位置,允许摇摆构件2例如在重力的影响下返回到图2的中心位置。当摇摆构件2旋转到中心位置时,使用前述校准元件23临时固定摇摆构件2以防止绕旋转中心X旋转。在该示例性实施例中,校准元件23是将要插入到滑架6上的相应校准孔(未示出)中的销。当摇摆构件2的中心位置固定时,可以精确地校准致动器70。在校准之后,移除校准元件23并且摇摆构件2可再次绕旋转中心X旋转。
如图4的后视图所示,轮胎成型设备1设置有高度调节引导件61,该高度调节引导件61在垂直于摇摆线L的高度方向H上在滑架6和摇摆构件2之间延伸。在该示例性实施例中,高度调节引导件61由两个滑轨形成。摇摆构件2可在所述高度方向H上沿所述高度调节引导件61移动,以调节摇摆构件2相对于滑架6的高度。特别是,通过在高度方向H上移动摇摆构件2,可以调节图1、2和3中的凸形边缘21和支撑构件4之间的间隙,以在结合操作期间适应各种厚度的轮胎组件9。当切割轮胎组件时,可以调节摇摆构件2的高度,以使得凸形边缘21与支撑构件4(例切割杆)在高度方向H上处于可调节的重叠或负间隙状态。
如图4中进一步所示,轮胎成型设备1包括支承构件62,该支承构件62可相对于滑架6固定在支承位置上。支承构件62布置成在摇摆构件2的下限处的所述支承位置上支承摇摆构件2。支承构件62可在平行于或横向于高度方向H的调节方向E上调节,以调节所述摇摆构件2的下限。在该示例性实施例中,支承构件62是楔形板,其可沿调节方向E延伸的调节轨63移动,优选地,支承构件62可沿调节轨63自由移动,直到其位置由制动构件64固定。可选地,支承构件62可由偏置构件68偏置,以移动到调节轨63上的最低位置。如图4所示,设置调节构件65来调节可自由移动的支承构件62的位置。当滑架6朝向调节构件65移动时,调节构件65相对于平移引导件5处于一固定位置,以便于接触支承构件62。在平移方向T上调节构件65与支承构件62接触时,将调节构件65布置成沿调节方向E移位支承构件62通过接触点。随后,通过激活制动构件64,可以将支承构件62固定在通过所述接触点设定的位置上。
可选地,例如,如果偏置构件68被直接接合到支承构件62上的线性驱动器代替,则支承构件62可以通过支承控制主动定位。
进一步注意到,图4示出了一个或多个活塞66,用于主动设定摇摆构件2在高度方向H上的位置。在该示例性实施例中,一个或多个活塞66放置在滑架6和承载高度调节引导件61的高度调节支架69之间。所述一个或多个活塞66还可以用作故障保护设备以吸收摇摆构件2在高度方向H上的运动,例如当在轮胎组件9中遇到不规则时。图4还示出了在高度调节支架69和高度调节引导件61之间的可选的称重传感器67,用于检测摇摆构件2上的负载。称重传感器67可以在操作上连接到一个或多个活塞66,用于响应于称重传感器67的信号可变地调节摇摆构件2在高度方向H上的高度。
如图5中的横截面中最佳所见,轮胎成型设备1还包括第一夹紧构件81和第二夹紧构件82,它们在摇摆平面P的相对侧上平行于摇摆线L延伸。在摇摆运动期间,轮胎组件9的材料(其可能仍然是有粘性的)倾向于粘在摇摆构件2上。结果,轮胎组件9可能至少部分地从支撑构件4上抬升,这可能会降低结合或切割的质量。夹紧构件81、82布置成通过沿摇摆构件2将轮胎组件9保持在摇摆线L上来至少部分地减轻这些负面影响。在所示的位置上,夹紧构件81、82可以有效地从摇摆构件2剥离轮胎组件9。如图1、2和3所示,夹紧构件81(视图中隐藏了82)安装在缩回驱动器83(例如一组气缸)上,例如为检修或维护目的,在摇摆线L处为远离支撑构件4而缩回或抬升夹紧构件81、82。
图6、7和8示出了根据本发明第二实施例的替代轮胎成型设备101。替代轮胎成型设备101与根据本发明第一实施例的轮胎成型设备1的不同之处在于,它具有替代的旋转引导件107。所述替代的旋转引导件107包括相对于平移引导件105处于固定位置上的引导槽或引导脊170。摇摆构件102同样由滑架106支撑,滑架106沿平移方向T可平移地在所述平移引导件105上移动。然而,旋转引导件107还包括在相对于摇摆构件102的固定位置上与旋转中心X间隔开的引导辊171。优选地,引导辊171布置在刚性地连接到摇摆构件102的引导臂172的远端处。引导辊171布置成在滑架106沿平移方向T的平移位移F期间接合并跟随引导槽或引导脊170。引导槽或引导脊170沿由所述引导辊171跟随的摆线形路径B延伸,以实现期望的摇摆运动。
可以使用不同形状和/或数量的引导槽和/或引导脊,只要它们沿相应的摆线形路径引导摇摆构件102的点即可。
应当理解,包括以上描述是为了说明优选实施例的操作,并不意味着限制本发明的范围。对于本领域技术人员来说,许多变型从上面的讨论中是显而易见的,这些变型将包含在本发明的范围内。
例如,对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是,如WO 2016/007001 A1和WO 2017/105220 A1中公开的替代配置(例如,通过与上述摇摆构件相对并与之配合的另一个摇摆构件替换支撑构件;在摇摆线的同一侧具有两个摇摆构件,但它们处于在相对于法平面具有倾斜角度的不同摇摆平面中;或者与圆柱形支撑构件(例如鼓)配合)将同样适用于根据本发明的轮胎成型设备1、101。
附图标记清单
1 轮胎成型设备
2 摇摆构件
20 主体
21 凸形边缘
22 环形元件
23 校准元件
3 底座
4 支持构件
5 平移引导件
51 滑轨
52 滑轨
6 滑架
61 高度调节引导件
62 支承构件
63 调节轨
64 制动构件
65 调节构件
66 活塞
67 称重传感器
68 偏置构件
69 高度调节支架
7 旋转引导件
70 驱动器
71 连接构件
72 曲轴
73 第一端
74 第二端
81 第一夹紧构件
82 第二夹紧构件
9 轮胎组件
101 替代轮胎成型设备
102 摇摆构件
103 底座
105 平移引导件
106 滑架
107 替代旋转引导件
170 引导槽或引导脊
171 引导辊
172 引导臂
A 尖点
B 摆线形路径
C 圆
D 控制点
E 调节方向
F 平移位移
G 角位移
H 高度方向
L 摇摆线
P 摇摆平面
R 半径
T 平移方向
W 旋转方向
X 旋转中心

Claims (29)

1.一种用于结合或切割轮胎组件的轮胎成型设备,其中所述轮胎成型设备包括:
摇摆构件,所述摇摆构件能在摇摆平面中沿摇摆线以摇摆运动移动以结合或切割轮胎组件;
平移引导件,其沿平行于摇摆线的平移方向延伸;以及
滑架,其能沿所述平移引导件在所述平移方向上平移地移位,
其中所述摇摆构件包括主体,所述主体在一端具有限定一圆的小圆弧的凸形边缘,而在另一端至少延伸到与所述圆同心的旋转中心,其中所述摇摆构件由滑架支撑在旋转中心处并且能相对于所述滑架绕一旋转轴线进行角移位,所述旋转轴线垂直于摇摆平面延伸穿过所述旋转中心。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述轮胎成型设备还包括旋转引导件,用于控制所述摇摆构件绕所述旋转轴线的角位移,所述摇摆构件绕所述旋转轴线的角位移与所述滑架在平移方向上的平移位移相结合而导致摇摆运动。
3.根据权利要求2所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述旋转引导件布置成将所述摇摆构件的以弧度为单位的角位移控制成与所述滑架的以弧度为单位的平移位移成1:1的比例。
4.根据权利要求2所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述旋转引导件布置成将摇摆构件的以弧度为单位的角位移控制成与滑架的以弧度为单位的平移位移成1:0.9到1:1.1的范围内的比例。
5.根据权利要求4所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述旋转引导件布置成在摇摆运动期间可变地控制摇摆构件的以弧度为单位的角位移与滑架的以弧度为单位的平移位移之间的比例。
6.根据权利要求2所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述旋转引导件包括:致动器,其用于提供控制运动;以及连接构件,其用于将所述致动器连接到所述摇摆构件,以将所述控制运动施加到所述摇摆构件上。
7.根据权利要求6所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述致动器是用于提供旋转控制运动的旋转致动器,其中所述旋转引导件包括曲轴,所述曲轴将所述旋转控制运动转换成往复控制运动。
8.根据权利要求7所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述连接构件还包括杆,所述杆在与所述旋转中心间隔开的控制点处将所述曲轴可旋转地连接到所述摇摆构件。
9.根据权利要求8所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述杆布置成用于使得所述控制点在所述摇摆运动期间沿摆线形路径移动,其中所述控制点被布置成在所述摇摆运动的 期间移动通过所述摆线形路径中的尖点。
10.根据权利要求2-5中任一项所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述旋转引导件包括引导槽或引导脊,所述引导槽或引导脊相对于所述平移引导件处于固定位置,其中所述旋转引导件还包括引导辊,所述引导辊在相对于摇摆构件的固定位置上与旋转中心间隔开,并且布置成在滑架沿平移方向的平移移位期间,接合并跟随引导槽或引导脊。
11.根据权利要求10所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述引导槽或引导脊沿摆线形路径延伸,在所述摇摆运动的 期间所述引导辊将跟随所述摆线形路径。
12.根据权利要求1所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述轮胎成型设备还包括高度调节引导件,所述高度调节引导件沿垂直于所述摇摆线的高度方向延伸,其中所述摇摆构件能沿所述高度调节引导件在所述高度方向上移动。
13.根据权利要求12所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述高度调节引导件布置在所述滑架和所述摇摆构件之间,用于使所述摇摆构件相对于所述滑架在高度方向上移动。
14.根据权利要求13所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述轮胎成型设备还包括支承构件,所述支承构件能相对于所述滑架固定在支承位置,并且布置成将摇摆构件支承在所述摇摆构件的下限处的所述支承位置上。
15.根据权利要求14所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述支承构件能在平行于或横向于所述高度方向的调节方向上调节,以调节所述摇摆构件的下限。
16.根据权利要求15所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述轮胎成型设备还包括调节构件,所述调节构件相对于所述平移引导件处于固定位置,用于在所述滑架移动到所述调节构件时接触所述支承构件,其中所述调节构件布置成用于使支承构件沿调节方向移位通过接触点。
17.根据权利要求1所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述轮胎成型设备还包括第一夹紧构件和第二夹紧构件,所述第一夹紧构件和所述第二夹紧构件在所述摇摆平面的相对侧上平行于所述摇摆线延伸,用于在所述摇摆构件旁边将轮胎组件相对于摇摆构件保持在所述摇摆线处。
18.根据权利要求17所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述第一夹紧构件和所述第二夹紧构件能远离所述摇摆线移动。
19.根据权利要求1所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述凸形边缘是拼接边缘。
20.根据权利要求1所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述凸形边缘是切割刃。
21.根据权利要求1所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述摇摆构件在所述旋转中心和所述凸形边缘之间具有一半径,其中所述凸形边缘具有小于两弧度的长度。
22.根据权利要求21所述的轮胎成型设备,其中所述凸形边缘的长度小于一弧度。
23.一种使用根据权利要求1所述的轮胎成型设备结合或切割轮胎组件的方法,其中所述方法包括以下步骤:
-在摇摆线处支撑一个或多个轮胎组件;和
-使滑架沿平移引导件在平移方向上平移地移位。
24.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中所述轮胎成型设备还包括旋转引导件,其中所述方法还包括以下步骤:
使用所述旋转引导件来控制所述摇摆构件绕所述旋转轴线的角位移,所述角位移与所述滑架在平移方向上的平移位移相结合导致摇摆运动。
25.根据权利要求24所述的方法,其中将所述摇摆构件的以弧度为单位的角位移控制成与所述滑架的以弧度为单位的平移位移的比例为1:1。
26.根据权利要求24所述的方法,其中将所述摇摆构件的以弧度为单位的角位移控制成与所述滑架的以弧度为单位的平移位移的比例在1:0.9到1:1.1的范围内。
27.根据权利要求26所述的方法,其中在摇摆运动期间可变地控制所述摇摆构件的以弧度为单位的角位移与所述滑架的以弧度为单位的平移位移之间的比例。
28.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中所述凸形边缘是拼接边缘,其中所述方法包括用所述摇摆运动拼接所述轮胎组件的步骤。
29.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中所述凸形边缘是切割刃,其中所述方法包括用所述摇摆运动切割轮胎组件的步骤。
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