CN109630659B - 在小齿轮托架组装期间使用的小齿轮滚针轴承柱 - Google Patents

在小齿轮托架组装期间使用的小齿轮滚针轴承柱 Download PDF

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CN109630659B
CN109630659B CN201811131147.9A CN201811131147A CN109630659B CN 109630659 B CN109630659 B CN 109630659B CN 201811131147 A CN201811131147 A CN 201811131147A CN 109630659 B CN109630659 B CN 109630659B
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R·P·米洛斯坦
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • F16C43/06—Placing rolling bodies in cages or bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/44—Needle bearings
    • F16C19/46—Needle bearings with one row or needles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/50—Other types of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C19/502—Other types of ball or roller bearings with rolling elements in rows not forming a full circle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/61—Toothed gear systems, e.g. support of pinion shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/002—Elastic or yielding linear bearings or bearing supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
    • F16H2057/085—Bearings for orbital gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49679—Anti-friction bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49682—Assembling of race and rolling anti-friction members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49679—Anti-friction bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49686—Assembling of cage and rolling anti-friction members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/497—Pre-usage process, e.g., preloading, aligning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53104—Roller or ball bearing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种在小齿轮托架组装期间使用的小齿轮滚针轴承柱包括实心圆柱形柱，该实心圆柱形柱具有在第一端和第二端之间延伸的纵向表面壁。至少一个径向凹陷通道设置在纵向表面中并且基本上在第一端和第二端之间延伸，并且弹簧偏置滚针设置在至少一个径向凹陷通道内，该通道在小齿轮托架组装期间操作以防止滚针轴承歪斜。

Description

在小齿轮托架组装期间使用的小齿轮滚针轴承柱
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及组装小齿轮托架，并且更具体地涉及在小齿轮托架组装期间使用的小齿轮滚针轴承柱。
背景技术
本节中的陈述仅提供与本公开相关的背景信息，并且可以构成或不构成现有技术。
用于行星齿轮组的典型行星托架组装包括焊接到托架凸缘或壳体的星形托架。多个小齿轮销和小齿轮垫圈被支撑以在星形托架内旋转。小齿轮销又支撑多个行星齿轮的旋转。
虽然先前用于组装行星托架的方法对于其预期目的是有用的，但是本领域中存在用于组装用于齿轮组的行星托架的改进方法，其减少了构造和机械加工成本，减小了包装尺寸并且减轻了传输重量。
发明内容
一个或多个示例性实施例通过提供在小齿轮托架组装期间使用的小齿轮滚针轴承柱来解决上述问题。
根据示例性实施例的一个方面，在小齿轮托架组装期间使用的小齿轮滚针轴承柱包括实心圆柱形柱，该柱具有在第一端和第二端之间延伸的纵向表面壁。并且另一方面包括至少一个径向凹陷通道，该通道设置在纵向表面壁中并且基本上在第一端和第二端之间延伸。并且另一方面包括弹簧偏置滚针，该滚针设置在至少一个径向凹陷通道内，能够在小齿轮托架组装期间操作以防止滚针轴承歪斜。
根据示例性实施例的另一方面，其中弹簧偏置滚针在纵向表面壁上提供与邻近的滚针轴承的纵向正接触。并且另一方面包括至少一个保持球柱塞，其邻近第一端或第二端设置。又一方面包括至少一个保持球柱塞，其邻近第一端和第二端设置。又一方面包括设置在至少一个径向凹陷通道中的弹簧，用于在纵向表面壁处利用弹簧偏置滚针保持正偏置力。还有另一方面，其中弹簧基本上延伸至少一个径向凹陷通道的长度。
通过参考以下描述和附图，本发明的其他特征、方面和优点将变得显而易见，其中相同的附图标记表示相同的部件、元件或特征。
附图说明
本文描述的附图仅用于说明目的，并不旨在以任何方式限制所公开的示例性实施例的范围。
图1是包括在小齿轮托架组装过程中的预组装部件的图示；
图2是在托架组装期间可能歪斜的过程柱和滚针销的图示；
图3是根据示例性实施例的方面的用于托架组装过程的滚针轴承柱的图示；并且
图4是根据示例性实施例的方面的滚针轴承柱的放大图示。
具体实施方式
以下描述本质上仅是示例性的，并不旨在限制本公开、应用或用途。
参考图1，呈现了包括在小齿轮托架组装过程中的预组装部件10的图示。预组装部件10包括滚针轴承销12、小齿轮14、过程柱16和星形托架18。过程柱16可包括至少一个球柱塞20，球柱塞20邻近其一端或两端设置。在组装期间，小齿轮14被输送到手动构建站，其中插入有过程塞(未示出)和滚针轴承销12轴承。手动构建站将小齿轮14组装到星形托架18上，并将过程柱16压过星形托架18和小齿轮孔，将过程塞推出星形托架18的另一侧，以完成预生产组装。在该步骤期间，如图2所示，滚针轴承销12可自由移动并可能变得歪斜或不对准。
然后将预生产的星形托架组装装载到自动站，其中最终的生产销(未示出)被压过星形托架18和小齿轮14的孔，将过程柱16推出另一侧。在从手动站到自动站的运输期间，滚针轴承销12经常变歪斜。由于最终生产销的直径略大，所以歪斜的销现在被锁定在适当的位置，防止小齿轮14在星形托架18上自由旋转。在插入星形托架18后，最终的生产销被“铆接”永久保持并检查组装的“游离度”，由此每个小齿轮必须自由旋转。如果小齿轮不能自由旋转，则需要施加扭矩力的附加工艺步骤，以便由于滚针轴承销12的歪斜而解锁小齿轮14。打破“歪斜锁定”条件所需的高力使得需要更大的伺服电机来施加力和额外的循环时间用于组装过程。另外，存在损坏小齿轮14轴承表面的可能性，这导致材料浪费或需要额外的机械加工。
现在参照图3，提供了根据示例性实施例的方面的用于托架组装过程的滚针轴承柱30的图示。实心圆柱形柱30包括第一端32，第二端34和在两端之间延伸的纵向表面壁35。至少一个径向凹陷通道38设置在纵向表面壁35中并且同样基本上在第一端32和第二端34之间延伸。弹簧偏置滚针36设置在至少一个径向凹陷通道38内并且可操作以与设置在纵向表面壁35上的邻近的滚针轴承销12提供纵向正接触，用于在小齿轮托架组装期间防止滚针轴承销歪斜。
至少一个弹簧40设置在至少一个径向凹陷通道38中，用于利用弹簧偏置滚针36保持正偏置力，使得滚36的一部分在纵向表面壁35处向外突出。至少一个弹簧40基本上延伸至少一个径向凹陷通道38的长度。然而，应当理解，也可以使用一个以上的弹簧来支撑弹簧偏置滚针36，而不超出所公开的实施例的范围。
现参考图4，提供了根据示例性实施例的方面的滚针轴承柱的放大图示。滚针轴承柱30可以配置有至少一个保持球柱塞20，其邻近第一端32或第二端34设置，或者配置有至少一个保持球柱塞20，其邻近第一端32和第二端34设置。保持球柱塞20用于在插入最终生产销之前将过程柱30保持就位。
本发明的描述本质上仅是示例性的，并且不脱离本发明的主旨的变型旨在落入本发明的范围内。不应将这些变化视为脱离本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于小齿轮托架组装期间的小齿轮滚针轴承柱，包括：
实心圆柱形柱，其具有在第一端和第二端之间延伸的纵向表面壁；
至少一个径向凹陷通道，其设置在所述纵向表面壁中并基本上在所述第一端和所述第二端之间延伸；以及
弹簧偏置滚针，其设置在所述至少一个径向凹陷通道内，能够在小齿轮托架组装期间操作以防止滚针轴承歪斜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滚针轴承柱，其中，所述弹簧偏置滚针在纵向表面壁上提供与邻近的滚针轴承的纵向正接触。
3.根据权利要求1所述的滚针轴承柱，还包括至少一个保持球柱塞，所述保持球柱塞邻近所述第一端或所述第二端设置。
4.根据权利要求1所述的滚针轴承柱，还包括至少一个保持球柱塞，所述保持球柱塞邻近所述第一端和所述第二端设置。
5.根据权利要求1所述的滚针轴承柱，还包括至少一个弹簧，所述至少一个弹簧设置在所述至少一个径向凹陷通道中，用于在所述纵向表面壁处利用所述弹簧偏置滚针保持正偏置力。
6.根据权利要求5所述的滚针轴承柱，其中，所述至少一个弹簧基本上延伸所述至少一个径向凹陷通道的长度。
7.根据权利要求1所述的滚针轴承柱，其中，所述弹簧偏置滚针在所述纵向表面壁上提供与邻近的滚针轴承的纵向正接触，所述滚针轴承柱还包括至少一个保持球柱塞，所述保持球柱塞邻近所述第一端或所述第二端设置。
8.根据权利要求7所述的滚针轴承柱，还包括弹簧，所述弹簧设置在所述至少一个径向凹陷通道中，用于在所述纵向表面壁处利用所述弹簧偏置滚针保持正偏置力。
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SU872830A1 (ru) * 1979-09-27 1981-10-15 Третий Государственный Подшипниковый Завод Способ сборки игольчатых подшипников
JPH11182535A (ja) * 1997-12-18 1999-07-06 Daido Metal Co Ltd ティルティングパッドジャーナル軸受
JP2011169363A (ja) * 2010-02-17 2011-09-01 Jtekt Corp ボールスプライン
CN203717640U (zh) * 2014-03-09 2014-07-16 启东锦桥轴承有限公司 一种低噪声汽车转向节用滚针轴承

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DE102018124557B4 (de) 2020-01-16
US20190107156A1 (en) 2019-04-11

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