CN1096247A - 焊接热塑塑料管件的方法 - Google Patents

焊接热塑塑料管件的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1096247A
CN1096247A CN94102148A CN94102148A CN1096247A CN 1096247 A CN1096247 A CN 1096247A CN 94102148 A CN94102148 A CN 94102148A CN 94102148 A CN94102148 A CN 94102148A CN 1096247 A CN1096247 A CN 1096247A
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China
Prior art keywords
welding cover
ring
outer segment
welding
cover
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CN94102148A
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English (en)
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拉尔夫·彼得·黑格勒
威廉·黑格勒
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • F16L47/03—Welded joints with an electrical resistance incorporated in the joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3444—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5064—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like of particular form, e.g. being C-shaped, T-shaped
    • B29C65/5071—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like of particular form, e.g. being C-shaped, T-shaped and being composed by one single element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/5085—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like of particular form, e.g. being C-shaped, T-shaped and comprising grooves, e.g. being E-shaped, H-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12441—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue being a single wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12463—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52291—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52295—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63—Internally supporting the article during joining
    • B29C66/636—Internally supporting the article during joining using a support which remains in the joined object
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S264/46—Molding using an electrical heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/013—Electric heat

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

连接皱纹管的管段(12、13)使之形成管子的方 法，该管子特别可用作通讯电缆或光波导件的防护 管，用切割外管部分(5)附近处以形成外管段(5a)，外 管段(5a)嵌入焊接套(16)的凹陷(22、23)中，焊接套 (16)包含外环(18)和内环(17)，内环(17)不径向突出 超过内管部分(4)而进入管内。至少环(17、18)之一 与外管段(5a)焊接。

Description

本发明涉及根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的方法，即，涉及焊接两根热塑塑料皱纹管件的方法，该两管件由带有纵长中心轴线方向上交替连续的内管部分和外管部分以及连接内、外管两部分的基本上为径向的侧壁的皱纹部分所构成。
通讯工程中大部分都采用热塑性塑料的挤压成形的坚固管，该形成的管是相似于气体管或水管的。这些管通常用焊接套使之连接而防漏，也即防漏液体和防漏气体。当这些管主要是为对容纳在管中的电缆起一种防护功能时，一种所谓皱纹管可达到同样的功能并至少是成本更少些，因为这种形式的皱纹管制造材料比起根据皱纹管几何构形的等环形刚性管可少40%到60%。此外，这种形式的皱纹管特别适用于作为通讯工程中的防护管，因为在其轴线方向上，所有情况下电缆仅只是承载于内管部分上。当电缆或光波导件拉入这种皱纹管时，摩擦力比整体连续管低大约30%。所以管段的长度可延展，这就又可导致生产的焊接连接件减少。
当壁厚度相对小时，确保防漏的这种皱纹管的焊接直至今日是未知的。
本发明的目的是形成一管子的方法，用该方法以达到防漏连接皱纹管构成的管子。
本发明的目的可由权利要求1的特征部分的特点来达到，即，该方法的步骤为：
-用两根管段，该管段的端头具有一前面在每一筒形外管段上;
-以其外管段将管段推入用热塑塑料制成的焊接套的环形内陷中，焊接套部分地围绕每一外管段，借助于一外环和一内环以及邻近凹陷而包容的电加热元件，外管段被该套所容纳;
-借助于用电流激励的电加热元件，至少在相互邻接区域，外环和/或内环在一面并且外管段在另一面被可塑;
-在可塑过程中，管段在对中的轴线方向相互朝向地被压迫直到环形凹陷至少实质上以可塑的变形的外管段充填;
-切断电流，由于冷却，外管段被与焊接套连接;
通过根据本发明的方法，在每种情况下，在形成每管段的自由端的外管部分之间产生机械上刚性和平直的焊接，并且至少是在焊接套的外环或内环处。焊接套的内环不是超出内管部分径向向内突出进入皱纹管的，所以，为了抽拉电缆或光波导件在焊接连接附近是没有阻碍的，本发明的部分进一步改进如从属权利要求所述，即，所用的焊接套其内环和外环是由相互分隔两凹陷的中间翼板连接;
所用的焊接套其外环中设置电阻抗加热件;
也可以是所用焊接套其内环中设置电阻抗加热件;
也可以是所用焊接套其内环设置有刚性内衬;
也可以是阻抗加热件与所用焊接套分开，该阻抗加热件设置在外管段上使之嵌入各自的凹陷;
所用焊接套其环形凹陷从前焊接套的前面向中间翼板稍为收缩;
内环仅只是径向地相对纵长中心轴线而位于外管段和内管部分之间。
本发明其它特征、优点从结合附图接着描述的实施例中予以显示。其中，
图1以部分纵剖显示皱纹管;
图2显示在连接之前，带有焊接套的皱纹管形成的两管段;
图3显示根据图2的推到一起的管段和焊接套，是在开始加热和开始压在一起时的;
图4显示根据图2的管段和焊接套，是在加热和压在一起结束时的;
图5显示焊接套实施例改进的形式;
图6显示带有焊接套的一管段并且是电阻抗加热件与焊接套分离的;
图7显示焊接套实施例的另一形式。
图1中图示所谓皱纹管1的一部分，也就是由可焊接塑料组成的管，例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯或类似材料。皱纹管1包含中心的纵长轴线，以该轴线为中心，皱纹管1设有皱纹部分3，这些部分实质上包含以轴线2为中心延伸的圆筒形内管部分4和也是以轴线2为中心延伸的圆筒形的外管部分5。通过基本上相对轴线2径向延伸侧壁6或7，内管部分4分别与邻接的外管部分5相连接。在外管部分5和侧壁6、7之间，邻接侧壁形成一凹处8，该凹处相对内管部分4径向向外凹陷（从轴线2观之）。整个皱纹管1连续地挤压成形成软管，并根据所谓真空法或所谓吹胀法或真空吹胀法在环形传送校正装置上形成皱纹。这种形式的校正装置例如可从1203940号和1211789号德国专利（相关的为GB-PS971021号）得知。
因为管是环形生产的，然而不能环形输送，为将电缆拉入每根管中，管段的长度是受限制的，环形皱纹管1必须被分开。这种分开是由刀片9来实现的。皱纹管1通过一个内管部分4的侧边和邻接这部分的侧壁6、7的侧边二者上的切口10、11来分开的，所以，导致管段12、13包含有它们的圆筒形外管段5a的自由端上带有相对轴线径向延伸之前表面14、15（图2可见到），两管段12、13相互对中安置相互平齐邻接，也就是具有相等的内径d和相等的外径D。
根据图2至图4的实施例，为了连接这种形式的两根管段12、13提出一种焊接套16，该焊接套16包含一近似为筒形的内环17和类似的近似为筒形的以一距离围绕内环17的外环18，通过中间翼板19它们自身又被连接成一整体。焊接套16由与皱纹管1相同的材料制成，例如聚乙烯。在外环18和内环17之间形成的两环形凹陷22、23是朝前面20、21方向开口的，凹陷22、23在朝中间翼板19方向稍为形成一点收缩。在中间翼板19和各个前面20或21之间附近处，它们的最大直径为D，最小直径为d，所以，以包含前面14、15的外管段5a将两管段12、13嵌入到凹陷22、23中时，外管段5a到达图3所示位置，在该位置，前面14、15仍然是与中间翼板19间隔开的。
焊接套16的外环18中设有电阻抗加热件24，该加热件通过连接线25与电源连接。当这阻抗加热件24加热时，外环18的材料以及部分中间翼板19被软化，进而位于凹陷22、23中的接触外环18的外管段5a的元件区域可塑了。然而，焊接套16的内环17是不可塑的。在加热和可塑过程中，也即软化过程中，根据箭头26、27，两管段12、13朝相互方向压迫，位于凹陷22、23中的外管段5a被完全压入这些凹陷22、23中，并在此时以其全长渗透进入凹陷22、23的方式而变形，直到其前面14、15（现已改变形状）抵靠到中间翼板19并与翼板焊接（如图4所示）。从图4还能看到，与焊接套16焊接在一起的外管段5a包含稍为镦粗部分28，该镦粗部分在焊接套16外侧分别过渡到各自邻接的侧壁6或7，在图4所示两管段12、13与焊接套16连接已达到之后，切断电流以便使可塑的塑料在此位置固化，并以此而防漏，也即达到两管段12、13的防漏液体和防漏气体的焊接。因为焊接套16的内环17不加热，在箭头26、27方向的粘接压力下内环是不变形的。正如从图4中特别能见到的，内环17不是在径向向内突出超过内管部分4的。
图5所示焊接套16'与图2至图4所示焊接套的不同之处仅在于有一环形刚性内衬29，该内衬完全埋置在内环17'中并是以金属制成的，是设置在内环17'中，借助于刚性的内衬29，在温度载荷期间，也即焊接期间，内环17'的刚度，以及焊接套16'的刚度整个被加热。与根据图2到图4所示的实施例比较，这刚度是较高的，虽然在这情况下，保持相当的刚度是基于没有加热的内环17。
根据图6的实施例中，焊接套16”不设置电阻抗加热件，也即其外环18”仅只由皱纹管1的材料构成。为每个管段设置一电阻抗加热件30，仅只图示一个管段12。这电阻抗加热件30由阻抗线构成的加热箍条31形成，加热箍条31以“U”形弯折（如图6中所示），以此方式，加热箍条还能被推盖到管段12的前面14而在管段的外管段上。外管段5a连同电阻抗加热件30一起被推进到焊接套16”的环形凹陷22”中，为了阻抗加热件30的连接线23，焊接套的外环18”包含切口32。正如从图6中能见到的，相应的切口32还与另一环形凹陷23”相联系，由于电阻抗加热件30，外管段5a的相应直径D增大而d减小，每个凹陷22”或23”中间区域中的最大直径D”都要略大于外管段5a的相应直径D，而d”每次都要略小于外管段5a相应的直径d。对于这个实施例，相互对置的外管段的表面区域以及界定焊接套16”的凹陷22”和或23”的壁部分表面区域直接由阻抗加热件30使之可塑。在此情况下，由于外环18”的外部区域以及内环17”的内部区域没有加热或者仅仅少许加热而没有被成可塑，所以焊接套16”的刚性是被保持的。
可能出现这样的情况，即由两根管段12、13用焊接套16或16'或16”连接的一根管子被嵌入或装置在一处，在该处焊接套16、16'、16”的外环18、18”必须不突出超过皱纹管3，在这种情况下，该外环18或18”必须在焊接过程之后被剥去。在这种情况下根据图6的有效焊接还是能达到充分焊接的目的。因为在这种情况下，在焊接产生之后外环18”能被剥去，而内环还是与外管段焊接的。然而，还能用根据图7的焊接套16″'，其与根据图2至图4的焊接套16的不同之处仅在于电阻抗加热件24″'形成在内环17″'中，没有这种加热件设置在外环18″'中。在此情况下，外环18″'承担在焊接过程中使焊接套16″'具有需要的刚度的任务。在焊接过程之后，这外环18″'被剥去。

Claims (8)

1、焊接两根热塑塑料皱纹管(1)的管段(12、13)的方法，该管段由皱纹部分(3)构成，该皱纹部分具有以纵长中心轴线方向交替连续的内管部分(4)和外管部分(5)以及连接内、外管两部分的实质上径向的侧壁(6、7)，其特征是，该方法的步骤如下：
-用两根管段(12、13)，该管段的端头具有一前面(14、15)在每一筒形外管段(5a)上；
-以其外管段(5a)将管段(12、13)推入用热塑塑料制成的焊接套(16、16’、16”、16”’)的环形内陷(22、23；22”、23”)中，焊接套(16、16’、16”、16”’)部分地围绕每一外管段(5a)，借助于一外环(18、18”、18″’)和一内环(17、17’、17”、17”’)以及邻近凹陷(22、23；22”、23”)而包容的电加热元件，外管段被该套所容纳；
-借助于用电流激励的电加热元件，至少在相互邻接区域，外环(18、18”、18”’)和/或内环(17、17’、17”、17”’)在一面并且外管段(5a)在另一面被可塑；
-在可塑过程中，管段(12、13)在对中的轴线方向相互朝向地被压迫直到环形凹陷(22、23；22”、23”)至少实质上以可塑的变形的外管段(5a)充填；
-切断电流，由于冷却，外管段(5a)被与焊接套(16、16’、16”、16”’)连接；
2、如权利要求1所述方法，其特征是，所用的焊接套（16、16'、16”、16″'）其内环（17、17'、17”、17″'）和外环（18、18”、18″'）是由相互分隔两凹陷（22、23;22”、23”）的中间翼板（19）连接。
3、如权利要求1或2所述方法，其特征是，所用的焊接套（16、16'）其外环（18）中设置电阻抗加热件（24）。
4、如权利要求1或2所述方法，其特征是，所用焊接套（16″'）其内环（17″'）中设置电阻抗加热件（24″'）。
5、如权利要求1至3之一所述方法，其特征是，所用焊接套（16'）其内环（17'）设置有刚性内衬（29）。
6、如权利要求1或2所述方法，其特征是，阻抗加热件（3）与所用焊接套（16”）分开，该阻抗加热件（30）设置在外管段（5a）上使之嵌入各自的凹陷（22”、23”）。
7、如权利要求2至6之一所述方法，其特征是，所用焊接套（16、16'、16”、16″'）其环形凹陷（22、23;22”、23”）从前焊接套（16、16'、16”、16″'）的前面（20、21）向中间翼板（19）稍为收缩。
8、如权利要求1至7之一所述方法，其特征是，内环（17、17'、17”、17″'）仅只是径向地相对纵长中心轴线（2）而位于外管段（5a）和内管部分（4）之间。
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101022913B (zh) * 2004-07-23 2010-12-08 德尔菲技术公司 电阻焊接方法
CN104270840A (zh) * 2014-08-29 2015-01-07 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 热塑性复合材料电阻焊接用绝缘加热元件及制备方法
CN104270840B (zh) * 2014-08-29 2016-01-20 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 热塑性复合材料电阻焊接用绝缘加热元件及制备方法
CN113895044A (zh) * 2021-11-19 2022-01-07 浙江理工大学 一种热塑管道直通加工用金属丝嵌入装置及使用方法

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DE4307704A1 (de) 1994-09-15
DE59408868D1 (de) 1999-12-09
US5489403A (en) 1996-02-06
ATE186250T1 (de) 1999-11-15
JPH06270260A (ja) 1994-09-27
EP0619176A2 (de) 1994-10-12
EP0619176B1 (de) 1999-11-03
EP0619176A3 (en) 1996-02-07
CA2116264A1 (en) 1994-09-12

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