CN104204645A - 管接头和用于形成管接头的方法 - Google Patents

管接头和用于形成管接头的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104204645A
CN104204645A CN201380013754.4A CN201380013754A CN104204645A CN 104204645 A CN104204645 A CN 104204645A CN 201380013754 A CN201380013754 A CN 201380013754A CN 104204645 A CN104204645 A CN 104204645A
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China
Prior art keywords
tubular portion
joint
sleeve part
pipe
collar
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CN201380013754.4A
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English (en)
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G·松德霍尔姆
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Maricap Oy
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Maricap Oy
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • F16L47/03Welded joints with an electrical resistance incorporated in the joint
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/20Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics based principally on specific properties of plastics
    • F16L47/24Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics based principally on specific properties of plastics for joints between metal and plastics pipes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142Single butt to butt joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B29C66/1312Single flange to flange joints, the parts to be joined being rigid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52298Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket being composed by several elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L13/00Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
    • F16L13/10Adhesive or cemented joints
    • F16L13/11Adhesive or cemented joints using materials which fill the space between parts of a joint before hardening
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H05B3/58Heating hoses; Heating collars
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/7428Transition metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/74283Iron or alloys of iron, e.g. steel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种管接头,该管接头包括至少一个第一管部分(2);套筒部分(5),第一管接头(2)的对接端部部分设置在该套筒部分中,以使得套筒部分(5)在管部分(2)顶部上从第一管部分的在套筒内部的对接端部延伸一段距离;以及诸如电阻电线的加热装置(7)。为了形成该接头,接头元件(3)布置在所述至少一个第一管部分(2)的外表面(16)与套筒部分(5)的内表面(15)之间,接头元件构造为当用加热装置(7)使接头区域变热时与套筒部分(5)形成接头,并且卡圈(6)布置在第一管部分(2)上,卡圈包括用于接头元件(3)的止动表面(10)。本发明还涉及一种用于形成管接头的方法。

Description

管接头和用于形成管接头的方法
技术领域
本发明的目的是一种如权利要求1的前序部分所限定的管接头。
本发明的发明目的还是一种根据权利要求15的用于形成管接头的方法。
背景技术
与气动物料输送系统相关地,在输送管道中经常使用金属管。尤其是,在物料输送距离很长的大系统中,输送管道(更加特别的是干线管道)可根据它们的长度而形成为非常长(典型地若干千米长)的输送管道,其中,典型地,在这些管段之间必须形成许多接头。在这些方面,通常还存在以下情况:期望将金属管部分联接到一些由其他材料制成的管部分,例如联接到由塑料材料制成的管部分。
在输送管道中,尤其是在由塑料管或者塑料复合管所形成的那些输送管道中,衬套接头可通常用于以端对端方式将不同的管部分彼此连接起来。连接点置于衬套中,也就是说,置于套筒部分中,以使得要连接在一起的管部分的端部位于衬套内部,因而衬套围绕连接点,从连接点在管的纵向方向的两个方向上延伸一些距离。衬套部分或者要与管部分连接的部段设置有热电阻或者类似物,在这种情况下,当形成接头时,电流被传导到这些电阻,在这种情况下,这些电阻器受热并且在套筒部分与管部分之间形成接头。如上所述类型的热塑性管接头例如在公开文件US 2739829、US 4530521和US 4906313中有描述。
发明内容
本发明的目的是实现一种用于管接头的全新类型的方案,由此可以避免现有技术方案中的问题。一个重要的目的是实现一种适用于气动废物运输系统的输送管道的管接头方案。还有一个目的是实现一种用于部分地由塑料或者塑料复合材料形成并且包括其他材料的管部分的输送管道的方案,由此避免现有技术状态下的问题。
另外一个目的是实现一种用于联接输送管道的管部分的方案,在该方案中,可使用由不同材料制成的管部分。
本发明是基于一种思想,其中,管部分包括包含金属加强部分(诸如钢管)的组合体,在金属加强部分的顶部上布置有管状塑料复合层或者塑料层。通过将塑料部分或者复合塑料部分彼此直接连接或者经由套筒部分通过塑料焊接方法或者胶粘而彼此连接起来,而将管部分连接到第二管部分。
根据本发明的管接头的特征在于权利要求1所指出的内容。
根据本发明的管接头的特征还在于权利要求2-14中所指出的内容。
根据本发明的方法的其特征在于权利要求15所指出的内容。
根据本发明的方法的特征还在于权利要求16-25所指出的内容。
根据本发明的技术方案具有许多重要的优点。借助于根据本发明的接头,可能将金属管部分端对端地连接到第二金属管部分,或者对端地连接到塑料复合管或者塑料管。接头的形成极其容易和快速。通过仅仅在接头元件和套筒部分之间形成接头而形成接头,在这种情况下,金属管构造为借助于诸如卡圈的对应表面而处于接头区域中。接头最优选地通过使用衬套而形成,也就是说套筒部分,其布置在管部分之间的连接点上,以使得要连接在一起的管部分的端部处于衬套的内部,衬套因而围绕连接点在管的纵向方向的两个方向上从连接点延伸一段距离。衬套部分设置有热电阻或者类似物,在这种情况下,当形成接头时电流被传导到电阻,在这种情况下电阻受热,在套筒部分与布置在管部分顶部上的接头元件之间形成接头。在一个实施例中,接头元件由多个部分形成,在这种情况下,将其安装在管部分上很容易。由多个部分形成的附加部分可从折叠点或者铰接点彼此连接,在这种情况下在安装阶段中处理它们更加容易。通过将卡圈布置在管部分上,实现了用于接头元件的对应表面。另一方面,在要连接在一起的管部分上实现了良好的相对接头表面。要使用的接头方法随着接头冷却而收缩到一定程度,在这种情况下,在一个实施例中,管部分更加紧密得彼此压靠。附加部分可在管顶部上延伸一定程度到套筒部分的外面,在这种情况下,在形成接头之前和在形成接头期间,可使用延伸到套筒外面的附加部分的表面作为用于可能的拧紧工具。通过根据本发明的方法,可将许多不同类型的管部分彼此联接。另一方面,管接头很好地适用于与气动管道运输系统(例如用于运输废物的气动管道系统)的输送管道的管接头相关地使用。
附图说明
下面,将参照附图借助于一个实施例更加详细地描述本发明,其中
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的管接头的局部剖视图,
图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的管接头,
图3示出了形成接头之前根据图2的管接头,
图4示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的管接头的局部剖视图,以及
图5示出了形成接头之前根据图4的管接头。
具体实施方式
图1示出了管道的局部剖开的部分,该管道包括管接头1。图1包含管接头1的横截面。管接头包括端对端地连接在一起的两个管部分2、4,在这种情况下,第一管部分2的对接端部9抵靠第二管部分4的对接端部8。在横向方向上从管壁向外指向的卡圈部分6形成在第一管部分2的对接端部部分,第一管部分的对接端部表面在附图的实施例中是管部分2的对接端部表面9。为了形成接头,接头元件3布置在第一管部分2的壁的外部上。
这些管部分2、4的对接端部部分和至少部分接头元件3布置在衬套内部,也就是说,位于套筒部分5内部。套筒部分包括阻抗装置7(诸如热阻电线7),其在电流传导到它们时变热。现有技术中已知的的连接点11、12在附图中布置在套筒部分中,这些连接点连接到热阻电线7,并且电流连通到这些连接点。由于热阻电线7的加热,以现有技术中已知的方式在套筒部分5与管部分4之间以及套筒部分5与布置在第一管部分2的顶部处的接头元件3之间形成了热塑性接头。在图1的实施例中,第二管部分4至少在其外表面13上是塑料材料,该塑料材料适用于与套筒部分5形成热塑性接头。
在本发明中,管部分2包括布置在其顶部上的接头元件3,也就是围绕着管部分布置。接头元件3典型地至少在其外表面14上包括塑料材料,该塑料材料对于套筒部分5的热阻电线7的加热做出反应,并且与套筒部分5形成接头。接头元件3在图1中布置在离开管部分2的卡圈6与第二管部分4连接点的一侧上,以使得接头元件3的接头侧上的侧表面20抵靠卡圈6的后表面10。接头元件3的内表面16在附图的实施例中抵靠管部分2的壁的外表面17。
第一管部分2的卡圈6典型地例如相对于管的纵向轴线是基本上正交的卡圈。对于形成卡圈存在大量的替代方案。一种典型的方式是通过一个工具处理卡圈的端部,获得期望的卡圈形状。管的端部可例如最初膨胀到大约35-40度的角度,然后通过第二膨胀装置而膨胀到相对于管的纵向轴线的大约90度的角度。可替代地,卡圈可以一些其他方式形成在管的端部上,例如通过将环形部分焊接到该端部。
当已经形成热塑性接头时,随着接头冷却,在接头材料部分3与套筒部分5之间产生收缩,以及在第二管部分4与套筒部分5之间产生收缩,因此管部分2和4在接头表面8、9处被彼此压靠。
在图1的实施例中,第一管部分2的壁厚与接头元件3的壁厚一起基本上相当于第二管部分4的壁厚。在接头处,第一管部分2和接头元件3的外径与第二管部分4的外径一起在连接点处彼此基本上相当。在这种情况下,在形成接头时可使用内径均一的套筒部分5。
在图1中,第一管部分2通过接头而连接到第二管部分4,该第二管部分在图1的实施例中由塑料材料制成。在根据图1的管接头1中,第一管部分2和第二管部分4因而端对端地联接。第一管部分2的内表面18和第二管部分4的内表面19基本上面对面,以使得在连接点8、9处不会对物料输送形成基本(sill)不利的影响。布置在第一管部分2顶部上的接头元件3的外表面14与第二管部分4的外表面13在接头区域中基本上面对面,以使得在套筒部分5与第二管部分2上的接头元件3之间可形成接头以及在套筒部分5和与第二管部分4的壁4之间可形成接头。管部分2、4通过所谓的电焊而联接在一起。通过加热这些部分或者套筒部分中的电阻7,在管部分与套筒之间形成接头,如上面所示的那样。
第一管部分2典型地具有不可同样适用来通过对塑料电焊而形成热塑性接头的材料。由此,图1中为套筒的接头元件3布置在第一管的顶部上。根据一个实施例,与衬套5相比,接头元件远离连接点延伸更长的一段距离并且延伸到衬套外面。接头元件中的该部分可例如用作工具的固定表面,该工具用来在形成接头之前拧紧这些管部分。
图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的管接头。仅仅示出了已连接的管部分2、4的靠近接头的部分。根据图2的实施例主要对应于图1的实施例,但是图2示出了由两个部分3a、3b构成的接头元件3的一个实施例。
图3示出了在形成接头之前图2接头的接头部分。因而该附图还阐明了接头元件3由两个部分3a、3b形成,这两个部分在附图中形成为弯曲的,这些部分一起形成了套筒型接头元件3。接头元件3由在图中具有相同尺寸的两个分段组成。由接头元件形成的部分3a、3b形成了布置在管部分2的连接点附近处的套筒,其中这些部分的对接端部表面21a、21b面对面地放置。在这些附图的实施例中,形成接头元件的分段3a、3b是在形成接头之前彼此独立的单独部分,但是可以设想到的是它们在相对于该图的对接端部表面21a、21b沿直径布置的点处从折叠点或者从铰接点而彼此连接。接头元件还可由超过两个部分所形成。
图4示出了本发明的一个实施例,其中,接头元件3、3'与要连接在一起的管部分2、2'都相关地装配。图4示出了管道的局部剖开部分,该管道包括管接头1。图4包含管接头1的横截面。管接头包括端对端地连接在一起的两个管部分2、2',在这种情况下,第一管部分2的对接端部9抵靠第二管部分2'的对接端部9'。在横向方向上从管壁向外指向的卡圈部分6形成在第一管部分2的对接端部部分中,在附图的实施例中,第一管部分2的对接端部表面是管部分2的对接端部表面9。为了形成接头,接头元件3布置在第一管部分2的壁的外部上。在横向方向上从管壁向外指向的卡圈部分6'形成在第二管部分2'的对接端部部分中,第二管部分2'的对接端部表面在附图的实施例中是管部分2'的对接端部表面9'。为了形成接头,第二接头元件3'布置在第二管部分2'的壁的外部上。
管部分2、2'的对接端部部分和至少部分的接头元件3、3'布置在衬套内部,也就是说,位于套筒部分5内部。套筒部分包括阻抗装置7(诸如热阻电线7),该热阻电线在电流传导到它们时变热。现有技术中已知的连接点11、12在附图中布置在套筒部分中,这些连接点连接到热阻电线7,并且电流连通到这些连接点。由于热阻电线7的加热,热塑性接头以现有技术中已知的方式形成在套筒部分5与布置在第一管部分2的顶部处的接头元件3之间以及形成在套筒部分5与布置在第二管部分2'顶部处的第二接头元件3'之间。在图4的实施例中,接头元件3、3'至少在它们的外表面14,14'具有塑料材料,其适用于与套筒部分5一起在热塑性接头中使用。
在图4中的本发明的实施例中,管部分2、2'包括在它们每个顶部上(也就是说围绕它们)的接头元件3、3'。接头元件3、3'典型地至少在其外表面14,14'上具有塑料材料,或者是完全塑料材料部分,其对于套筒部分5的热阻电线7的加热做出反应,并且与套筒部分14形成接头。接头元件3、3'在图4中布置在远离管部分2、2'的卡圈6、6'的连接点的一侧上,以使得接头元件3、3'的连接侧面上的侧表面20、20'抵靠卡圈6、6'的后表面10、10'。接头元件3、3'的内表面16、16'在附图的实施例中抵靠管部分2、2'的壁的外表面17、17'。
当已经形成热塑性接头时,随着接头冷却而在每个接头材料部分3、3'与套筒部分5之间产生收缩,由此套筒5收缩并且接头元件3、3'在侧表面20、20'上被按压在管部分2、2'的卡圈6、6'上,按压在表面10、10'上,在这种情况下,管部分2、2',它们的接头表面9、9',彼此压靠。
在附图4的实施例中,第一管部分2的壁厚和接头元件3的壁厚基本上对应于第二管部分2'的壁厚和第二接头元件3'的壁厚。在该接头处,第一管部分2和接头元件3的外径与第二管部分2'和第二接头元件3'的外径在连接点处基本上彼此对应。在这种情况下,在形成该接头时,可使用内径均一的套筒部分5。
通过本发明的实施例,例如钢管2可连接到至少在其外表面上由塑料制成或者整体由塑料制成的管4。图4和5的实施例示出了如何采用本发明例如将两根钢管2、2'彼此连接。
按照一个实施例,在形成接头之前,密封物质或者密封装置可布置在第一管部分2与第二管部分2'、4之间的联接表面8、9;9、9'上,或者布置在联接表面之间。
图5示出了在形成接头之前图4接头的接头部分。该图阐明了每个接头元件3、3'可由两个部分3a、3b;3a'、3b'形成,这两个部分在附图中被形成为弯曲的,这些部分一起形成了每个套筒型接头元件3、3'。在该附图中,每个接头元件3、3'由在附图中具有相同尺寸的两个部分所形成。由接头元件所形成的部分3a、3b;3a'、3b'形成了布置在管部分2、2'的连接点附近的套筒,其中这些部分的对接端部表面21a、21b;21a'、21b'面对面地布置。在这些附图的实施例中,形成接头元件的这些分段3a、3b;3a'、3b'在形成接头之前是从彼此独立的单独部分,但是可以设想的是它们在相对于附图的对接端部表面21a、21b;21a'、21b'沿直径布置的点处从折叠点或者从铰接点彼此连接起来。根据一个实施例,接头元件还可由多于两个部分形成。
根据本发明的管部分和管接头非常适合在废物的气动管道运输系统的输送管道接头中使用。管尺寸在直径方面可非常大,例如典型地为200-500mm。
本发明的目的是一种管接头,该管接头包括至少一个第一管部分2;套筒部分5,管部分2的对接端部部分布置在套筒部分中,以使得套筒部分5在管部分2的顶部上从位于套筒内部的管部分的对接端部延伸一段距离;以及诸如电阻电线的加热装置7。为了形成接头,接头元件3布置在至少一个管部分2的外表面16与套筒部分5的内表面15之间,该接头元件构造为当用加热装置7使接头区域变热时与套筒部分5形成接头,并且卡圈6布置在管部分2上,该卡圈包括用于接头元件3的止动表面10。
根据一个实施例,管接头还包括第二管部分2'、4,第二管部分的对接端部部分布置为抵靠套筒部分中的第一管部分2,以及构造为当用加热装置7使接头区域变热时与套筒部分5形成接头。
根据一个实施例,管接头还包括用于形成接头的第二管部分2'接头元件3'也布置在第二管部分2'的外表面16'与套筒部分5的内表面15之间,该接头元件构造为当用加热装置7使接头区域变热时与套筒部分5形成接头,以及卡圈6'布置在第二管部分2'上,该卡圈包括用于接头元件3'的止动表面10'。
根据一个实施例,套筒部分5包括室空间,要连接在一起的管部分2、2';4的相对对接端部8、9基本上彼此抵靠地布置在室空间中,从而使得套筒部分5在两个管部分2、2'、4的顶部上从要彼此连接在一起的管部分2、2'、4的连接点延伸一段距离。
根据一个实施例,第二管部分4在其外表面13上、至少在套筒5的位置处由热塑性材料形成,诸如由塑料材料形成。
根据一个实施例,接头元件3至少在其外表面14上、至少在套筒5的位置处由热塑性材料形成,诸如由塑料材料形成。
按照一个实施例,接头元件3由完全由热塑性物质形成,诸如由塑料材料形成。
按照一个实施例,接头元件3是环形部分。
按照一个实施例,接头元件3由多个零件3a、3b形成。
根据一个实施例,第一管部分2与第二管部分4具有不同的材料。
根据一个实施例,第一管部分2具有金属,更特别的是具有钢。
根据一个实施例,第二管部分2'具有金属,更特别的是具有钢。
根据一个实施例,卡圈6、6'通过加工管部分2、2'的对接端部而形成。
根据一个实施例,卡圈6、6'通过将环部分连接到管的对接端部而形成。
本发明的目的是一种用于形成管接头的方法,该管接头包括:至少一个第一管部分2;套筒部分5,管部分2的对接端部部分布置在套筒部分中,以使得套筒部分5在管部分2的顶部上从位于套筒部分内部的管部分的对接端部延伸一段距离;以及诸如电阻电线的加热装置7。为了形成接头,接头元件3布置在至少一个管部分2的外表面与套筒部分5的内表面15之间,当用加热装置7使接头区域变热时接头形成在套筒部分5与接头元件之间,以及在形成接头之前将卡圈6形成在管部分2上,该卡圈包括用于接头元件3的止动表面10。
根据一个实施例,除了第一管部分之外,第二管部分2'、4布置在套筒部分中,以使得第二管部分的对接端部部分抵靠套筒部分中的第一管部分2对准,并且当用加热装置7使接头区域变热时第二管部分与套筒部分5形成接头。
根据一个实施例,除了第一管部分之外,第二管部分4布置在套筒部分中,以使得第二管部分的对接端部部分抵靠套筒部分中的第一管部分2对准,并且为了形成接头,接头元件3'也布置在第二管部分2'的外表面16'与套筒部分5的内表面15之间,当用加热装置7使接头区域变热时该接头元件与套筒部分5形成接头,并且在形成接头之前,将卡圈6'布置在第二管部分2'上,该卡圈包括用于接头元件3'的止动表面10'。
根据一个实施例,套筒部分5包括室空间,要连接在一起的管部分2、2';4的相对对接端部8、9基本上彼此抵靠地布置,以使得套筒部分5在两个管部分2、2'、4的顶部上从要彼此连接在一起的管部分2、2'、4的连接点延伸一段距离。
根据一个实施例,卡圈6、6'通过加工管部分2、2'的对接端部而形成。
根据一个实施例,卡圈6、6'通过将环部分连接到管的对接端部而形成。
根据一个实施例,在该方法中,第一管部分具有金属,更特别的是具有钢。
根据一个实施例,第二管部分2'具有金属。
根据一个实施例,第二管部分4在其外表面13上、至少在套筒5的位置处由热塑性材料形成,诸如由塑料材料形成。
根据一个实施例,第一管部分2与第二管部分4具有不同的材料。
按照一个实施例,接头元件3由多个零件3a、3b形成。
根据一个实施例,管部分2、2'、4是用于废物的气动管道输送系统的输送管道。
第二管的接头元件或者塑料材料部分优选地包括例如聚乙烯(PE)和/或聚丙烯(PP)。另外,其他可焊接级的塑料可根据本申请的目的而引入。
对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,本发明并不局限于上述所示的实施例中,而是其可在下面提到的权利要求的范围内变化。可能与其他特征一起存在于该描述中的特有特征如果必要的话可相对于彼此单独使用。

Claims (25)

1.一种管接头,所述管接头包括:至少一个第一管部分(2);套筒部分5,第一管部分(2)的对接端部部分设置在该套筒部分中,以使得套筒部分(5)在第一管部分(2)的顶部上从第一管部分的在套筒部分内部的对接端部延伸一段距离;以及诸如电阻电线的加热装置(7),其特征在于,为了形成接头,接头元件(3)布置在所述至少一个第一管部分(2)的外表面(16)与套筒部分(5)的内表面(15)之间,接头元件构造为当用加热装置(7)使接头区域变热时与套筒部分(5)形成接头,并且卡圈(6)布置在第一管部分(2)上,所述卡圈包括用于接头元件(3)的止动表面(10)。
2.如权利要求1所述的管接头,其特征在于,管接头还包括第二管部分(2'、4),第二管部分的对接端部部分抵靠套筒部分中的第一管部分(2)布置,并且构造为当用加热装置(7)使接头区域变热时与套筒部分(5)形成接头。
3.如权利要求1所述的管接头,其特征在于,管接头还包括第二管部分(2'),为了形成接头,接头元件3'也布置在第二管部分(2')的外表面(16')与套筒部分(5)的内表面(15)之间,该接头元件构造为当用加热装置(7)使接头区域变热时与套筒部分(5)形成接头,并且卡圈(6')布置在第二管部分(2')上,该卡圈包括用于接头元件(3')的止动表面(10')。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的管接头,其特征在于,套筒部分(5)包括室空间,要连接在一起的管部分(2、2';4)的相对对接端部(8,9)基本上抵靠彼此地设置在该室空间中,以使得套筒部分(5)在两个管部分(2、2';4)的顶部上从要被连接在一起的管部分(2、2';4)的连接点延伸一段距离。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的管接头,其特征在于,第二管部分(4)在其外表面上、至少在套筒(5)的位置处由热塑性材料形成,诸如由塑料材料形成。
6.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的管接头,其特征在于,接头元件(3)至少在其外表面(14)上、至少在套筒(5)的位置处由热塑性材料形成,诸如由塑料材料形成。
7.如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的管接头,其特征在于,接头元件(3)完全由热塑性物质形成,诸如完全由塑料材料形成。
8.如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的管接头,其特征在于,接头元件(3)是环形部分。
9.如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的管接头,其特征在于,接头元件(3)由多个零件(3a、3b)形成。
10.如权利要求1所述的管接头,其特征在于,第一管部分(2)与第二管部分(4)具有不同的材料。
11.如权利要求1所述的管接头,其特征在于,第一管部分(2)具有金属,更特别的是具有钢。
12.如权利要求3-11中任一项所述的管接头,其特征在于,第二管部分(2')具有金属,更特别的是具有钢。
13.如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的管接头,其特征在于,卡圈(6、6')通过加工管部分(2、2')的对接端部而形成。
14.如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的管接头,其特征在于,卡圈(6、6')通过将环部分连接到管的对接端部而形成。
15.一种用于形成管接头的方法,该管接头包括:至少一个第一管部分(2);套筒部分(5),第一管部分(2)的对接端部部分设置在套筒部分中,以使得套筒部分(5)在第一管部分(2)的顶部上从第一管部分的在套筒部分内部的对接端部延伸一段距离;以及诸如电阻电线的加热装置(7),其特征在于,为了形成管接头,接头元件(3)布置在所述至少一个第一管部分(2)的外表面(16)与套筒部分(5)的内表面(15)之间,并且当用加热装置(7)使接头区域变热时,在套筒部分(5)与接头元件之间形成接头,并且在形成接头之前在第一管部分(2)上形成卡圈(6),该卡圈包括用于接头元件(3)的止动表面(10)。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,除了第一管部分之外,在套筒部分中布置第二管部分(2'、4),以使得第二管部分的对接端部部分抵靠套筒部分中的第一管部分(2)对准,并且当用加热装置(7)使接头区域变热时,第二管部分与套筒部分(5)形成接头。
17.如权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,除了第一管部分之外,在套筒部分(5)中布置第二管部分(4),以使得第二管部分的对接端部抵靠套筒部分中的第一管部分(2)对准,并且为了形成管接头,也将接头元件(3')布置在第二管部分(2')的外表面(16')与套筒部分(5)的内表面(15)之间,当用加热装置(7)使接头区域变热时接头元件与套筒部分(5)形成接头,并且在形成接头之前,将卡圈(6')布置在第二管部分(2')上,该卡圈包括用于接头元件(3')的止动表面(10')。
18.如权利要求15-17中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,套筒部分(5)包括室空间,要连接在一起的管部分(2、2';4)的相对对接端部(8,9)基本上抵靠彼此地布置在该室空间中,以使得套筒部分(5)在两个管部分(2、2';4)的顶部上从要连接在一起的管部分(2、2';4)的连接点延伸一段距离。
19.如权利要求15-18中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,卡圈(6、6')通过加工管部分(2、2')的对接端部而形成。
20.如权利要求15-19中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,卡圈(6、6')通过将环部分连接到管的对接端部而形成。
21.如权利要求15-20中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在该方法中,第一管部分具有金属,更特别的是具有钢。
22.如权利要求15-21中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,第二管部分(2')具有金属。
23.如权利要求15-21中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,第二管部分(4)在其外表面上、至少在套筒(5)的位置处由热塑性材料形成,诸如由塑料材料形成。
24.如权利要求15-23中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,第一管部分(2)与第二管部分(4)具有不同的材料。
25.如权利要求15-24中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,接头元件(3)由多个零件(3a、3b)形成。
CN201380013754.4A 2012-03-13 2013-03-07 管接头和用于形成管接头的方法 Pending CN104204645A (zh)

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