CN109566344A - A kind of culture substrate that radish planting uses - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of culture substrates that radish planting uses, and contain following steps: a. raw material crushes: the outer green peel of pine needle, cigarette muscle powder, walnut is ground into granularity in 2mm or less；B. prepared by culture substrate；C. the application of culture substrate；D. it cultivates；Radish is planted on culture substrate by normal implantation methods.A kind of culture substrate that radish planting uses of the present invention is easy to operate, and cultivation cycle is short, less investment, and technology is easily grasped, and is suitable for popularization and application.

Description

A kind of culture substrate that radish planting uses

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of culture substrates that radish planting uses.

Background technique

Radish (scientific name: Raphanus sativus L.) Cruciferae Rhaphanus 2 years or annual herb plant are high 20-100 centimetres, taproot meat, oblong, spherical shape or cone, crust green, white or red, stem has branch, hairless, slightly Has pollen.Racemes terminal and axillary, grey color or pink, carpopodium is 1-1.5 centimetres long, the month at florescence 4-5, the fruiting period 5-6 month. Radish requires the hardness of soil in growth, and soil property hardness has very big influence to the appearance of radish.Under normal circumstances Radish is not easy to grow mellow and full.

Therefore, how to overcome the shortcomings of the existing cultivation technique of radish, especially find a kind of product appearance condition is suitable for well The radish cultivation method of low labor intensity is realized in Far-away Backward Areas, is asking for current radish cultivation technical field urgent need to resolve Topic.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of culture substrates that radish planting uses.

The technical scheme is that a kind of culture substrate that radish planting uses, it is characterised in that contain following steps:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then is crushed with low temperature stalk Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm by machine；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to carrying out chemical sterilization after withered and yellow, then with low temperature stalk crasher by core The outer green peel of peach is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by culture substrate: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is mixed by the mass ratio of 0.5:1:1 It closes uniform；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid of stover ferment agent or the straw containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt after fluffy, are added thereto Stalk leavening aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

C. the application of culture substrate: spreading the culture substrate fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the quality such as adds Detritus soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: radish is planted on the culture substrate that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

A kind of culture substrate that radish planting uses of the present invention, it is characterised in that contain following steps:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then is crushed with low temperature stalk Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm by machine；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to carrying out chemical sterilization after withered and yellow, then with low temperature stalk crasher by core The outer green peel of peach is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by culture substrate: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is mixed by the mass ratio of 0.5:1:1 It closes uniform；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid of stover ferment agent or the straw containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt after fluffy, are added thereto Stalk leavening aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

The preparation method of the stover ferment agent is that 120 grams every bag of agriculture Citroen zx microbial straw leavening pours into 10 public affairs Jin mass percentage concentration is 1%, and in brown sugar aqueous solution of the temperature lower than 40 DEG C, through the 6-8d that after completely dissolution, ferments；

The stover ferment agent aqueous solution containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt, usage amount are every 1000 kilograms of aqueous 40- 60% culture substrate is sent out with the stalk of the microbial straw leavening of Citroen zx containing agriculture 50-80g, sodium chloride 5-8g and sucrose 10-15g Ferment agent aqueous solution 300-400kg sprinkling；

C. the application of culture substrate: spreading the culture substrate fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the quality such as adds Detritus soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: radish is planted on the culture substrate that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

A kind of culture substrate that radish planting uses of the present invention, it is characterised in that the sodium chloride salt is edible salt or work Industry salt, sucrose are edible brown sugar.

The present invention relates to culture substrate kind radish, belong to the technical field of cultivation of crops, core is culture substrate The selection of application and culture substrate of the technology in radish cultivation, mainly using pine needle, the outer green peel end of walnut and cigarette muscle powder this Ginseng kind is easy the biomass obtained on a large scale and carries out culture substrate plantation to radish.

Culture substrate is used for artificial greenhouse earliest, is to pass through crushing, working process system using various organic-biological body materials At the culture substrate of plantation, it can obviously play and keep soil moisture, absorption fugitive dust, adjust temperature, increase soil fertility, inhibit Weeds promote to plant and plant growth, prevent the effects of erosion and beautiful decoration.

Fibre-bearing is more than 29% in pine needle, and for protein up to 11%, fat also contains a large amount of vitamins, especially up to 10% It is vitamin C, carrotene, chlorophyll, lignin is then up to 22%.Protein, fat, vitamin are superior to corn, Wheat Straw Stalk.But not enriching Cu, manganese, cobalt, iron etc. in pine needle.

It is industrial tobacco factory's waste cigarette muscle that another, which is easier to the culture substrate that low cost obtains on a large scale,.

Cigarette muscle fasciated fiber is long, and for crude fiber content up to 32% or more, silicone content is only second to husk, is higher than corn, wheat Stalk.In addition, many microelements of cigarette muscle, such as copper, manganese, cobalt, iron, in enrichment, this depends primarily on planting site；Another cigarette There is good desinsection and bactericidal effect containing a large amount of nicotine and nicotine in muscle.

Cigarette muscle is to be significantly better than rice and wheat stalk and pine needle in terms of culture substrate, especially conserves water in improvement soil Ability in terms of.

Have involucre outside Walnut Fruit, involucre endoperidium hard kind of shell (walnut shell) and kernel.Mature mark is Chinese olive Skin becomes yellowish from dark green, and atop part cracking, pericarp is easily peelable, individual fruit abscissions.Too early, green peel is not easily stripped for harvesting, Kernel percent is low, and not storage tolerance；Too late, then fruit is easy to fall off, and nut quality is caused to decline for harvesting.

The outer green peel of walnut is usually waste, stacks and there is pollution environment.The outer green peel of another walnut have good desinsection and Bactericidal effect.

The Major Nutrient form of radish is to convey by photosynthesis to stem tuber, and therefore, the supply of the nitrogen of early stage seems It is particularly important.However, excessively applying nitrogenous fertilizer, soil is on the one hand endangered, on the other hand, in Seedling Stage and waste, is expedited the emergence of instead A large amount of weeds also will cause turnip leaves undue growth, both can seriously affect radish later period knot stem block.

There are some researches prove separate obtained endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid to pathogenic from green peel end outside walnut and cigarette muscle Bacterium has strong bacteriostatic activity and inhibits spore germination effect, and this act on after fermenation raw liquid is diluted still has；Face-off Culture experiment shows that there is very strong antagonism at the outer green peel end of walnut and cigarette muscle to phytopathogen, and Antagonizing is mainly the heavy responsibilities of government Raw effect, nutrient competition effect and antibiosis etc..

Have it was verified that the bacteria suspension and fermentation liquid of the outer green peel end of walnut and cigarette muscle endogenetic fungus are to gray mold of cucumber Bacterium has stronger bacteriostatic activity, and more long-acting, and Antagonizing is mainly nutrient competition effect, hyperparasitism and antibiosis Deng；Cigarette muscle endogenetic fungus tests the inhibition of the grey mold Spot expansion of in vitro cucumber, it was confirmed that the bacterium cell and metabolite Biological control function, this is also very favorable to the growth of cigarette muscle stem tuber.

In addition, belonging to alkaloids from the cigarette muscle alkali that cigarette muscle is extracted, there is efficient sterilizing effect.The nicotine extracted from cigarette muscle Have become an important path for preparing efficient sterilizing organic agricultural chemicals.

The acquisition traditional approach of pine needle is that hayashishita collects the Litter leaf of pine tree and pine tree fosters and fell the pair of process It produces, there is certain limitation.Since the pine tree in China is widely distributed, from south to north, most of mountain area is distributed with large area pine forests, Or pine tree mixed forest, it is available locally.

A kind of culture substrate that radish planting uses of the present invention, obtained culture substrate are applicable to radish cultivation, Suitable for cultivating the nursery lot of Chinese yam young plant with Chinese yam, it is also applied for the cultivation of other industrial crops.

Key technology explanation

First item key technology: the preparation method and Land use systems of culture substrate.

The technology of preparing being related to set by the present invention refers to that crushing rear material fineness reaches 2mm biomass smalls below.Its The key of processing is by tedding dehydration under field conditions (factors), until water content 20% or so, in order to crush first.Followed by select Suitable stalk crasher is selected, it is low under conditions of not destroying pine needle, green peel end is with the basic Biomass Characteristics of cigarette muscle outside walnut Cost is ground into the powder that fineness is less than 2mm, is included in aqueous 14% or so.

Section 2 key technology: the process for formulating of culture substrate.

The process for formulating being related to set by the present invention is the compatibility between organic matter and other additions, i.e., will be directed to pine The outer green peel end of needle, walnut and difference of the cigarette muscle on vitamin, fat, organosilicon, endogenetic fungus are combined, to heavy metal into Row dilution, is inoculated with stalk fermentation bacterium.Proportion compatibility is that 0.5:1:1 is ideal.Wherein, increase this sugared and salt means, be Enhance the synergistic effect of endogenetic fungus in the outer green peel end of cigarette muscle, walnut and pine needle.

Section 3 key technology: the control of fermentation.

The culture substrate suitable for radish cultivation being related to set by the present invention spreads exposure out 2 days in the sunlight, adds The detritus soil of quality stirs evenly；Excessive weeding and preserve soil moisture it is not sufficiently effective, it is excessively few to be then easy in radish seedling phase soil's being over wet, with And the too fast burn radish seedling of culture substrate fermentation.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:

(1) culture substrate raw material of the present invention is easy to get, and preparation method is simple, especially to artificial radish cultivation, Yi Jiyong The nursery lot of radish can effectively reduce the management costs such as watering, fertilising, weeding, reduce and avoid using herbicide and pesticide Damage of the fertilizer to Turnip Sprouts, while realizing and the long-term improvement of soil is acted on child care, application easy to spread；

(2) it was verified that culture substrate mode of the present invention, hence it is evident that inhibit weeds association, also promote soil environment obvious Improve.

(3) it was verified that the present invention is planted using culture substrate mode, the product appearance condition of the soft harvest of soil property is good, Per mu yield has reached 5500 kilograms, considerably beyond the yield of traditional cultivation method.

A kind of culture substrate that radish planting uses of the present invention is easy to operate, and cultivation cycle is short, less investment, and technology is easily slapped It holds, is suitable for popularization and application.

Specific embodiment

Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.

Embodiment 1: a kind of culture substrate that radish planting uses of the present invention contains following steps:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then is crushed with low temperature stalk Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm by machine；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to carrying out chemical sterilization after withered and yellow, then with low temperature stalk crasher by core The outer green peel of peach is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by culture substrate: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is mixed by the mass ratio of 0.5:1:1 It closes uniform；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid of stover ferment agent or the straw containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt after fluffy, are added thereto Stalk leavening aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

The preparation method of the stover ferment agent is that 120 grams every bag of agriculture Citroen zx microbial straw leavening pours into 10 public affairs Jin mass percentage concentration is 1%, and in brown sugar aqueous solution of the temperature lower than 40 DEG C, through the 6-8d that after completely dissolution, ferments；

C. the application of culture substrate: spreading the culture substrate fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the quality such as adds Detritus soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: radish is planted on the culture substrate that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

The sodium chloride salt is edible salt or industrial salt, and sucrose is edible brown sugar.

Embodiment 2: a kind of culture substrate that radish planting uses of the present invention contains following steps:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then is crushed with low temperature stalk Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm by machine；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to carrying out chemical sterilization after withered and yellow, then with low temperature stalk crasher by core The outer green peel of peach is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by culture substrate: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is mixed by the mass ratio of 0.5:1:1 It closes uniform；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid of stover ferment agent or the straw containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt after fluffy, are added thereto Stalk leavening aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

The stover ferment agent aqueous solution containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt, usage amount are every 1000 kilograms of aqueous 40- 60% culture substrate is sent out with the stalk of the microbial straw leavening of Citroen zx containing agriculture 50-80g, sodium chloride 5-8g and sucrose 10-15g Ferment agent aqueous solution 400kg sprinkling；

C. the application of culture substrate: spreading the culture substrate fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the quality such as adds Detritus soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: radish is planted on the culture substrate that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

The sodium chloride salt is edible salt or industrial salt, and sucrose is edible brown sugar.

Embodiment 3: a kind of culture substrate that radish planting uses of the present invention contains following steps:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then is crushed with low temperature stalk Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm by machine；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to carrying out chemical sterilization after withered and yellow, then with low temperature stalk crasher by core The outer green peel of peach is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by culture substrate: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is mixed by the mass ratio of 0.5:1:1 It closes uniform；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid of stover ferment agent or the straw containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt after fluffy, are added thereto Stalk leavening aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

The preparation method of the stover ferment agent is that 120 grams every bag of agriculture Citroen zx microbial straw leavening pours into 10 public affairs Jin mass percentage concentration is 1%, and in brown sugar aqueous solution of the temperature lower than 40 DEG C, through the 7d that after completely dissolution, ferments；

The stover ferment agent aqueous solution containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt, usage amount, which is every 1000 kilograms aqueous 50%, to be had Machine covering, with the stover ferment agent aqueous solution of the microbial straw leavening of Citroen zx containing agriculture 70g, sodium chloride 7g and sucrose 10-15g 350kg sprinkling；

C. the application of culture substrate: spreading the culture substrate fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the quality such as adds Detritus soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: radish is planted on the culture substrate that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

The sodium chloride salt is edible salt or industrial salt, and sucrose is edible brown sugar.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of culture substrate that radish planting uses, it is characterised in that contain following steps:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then will with low temperature stalk crasher Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then will be outside walnut with low temperature stalk crasher Green peel is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by culture substrate: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is equal by the mass ratio mixing of 0.5:1:1 It is even；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid that stover ferment agent after fluffy, is added thereto or is sent out containing the stalk of sucrose and sodium chloride salt Ferment agent aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

C. the application of culture substrate: spreading the culture substrate fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the detritus of quality such as adds Soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: radish is planted on the culture substrate that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

2. the culture substrate that a kind of radish planting described in accordance with the claim 1 uses, it is characterised in that contain following steps:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then will with low temperature stalk crasher Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then will be outside walnut with low temperature stalk crasher Green peel is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by culture substrate: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is equal by the mass ratio mixing of 0.5:1:1 It is even；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid that stover ferment agent after fluffy, is added thereto or is sent out containing the stalk of sucrose and sodium chloride salt Ferment agent aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

The preparation method of the stover ferment agent is that 120 grams every bag of agriculture Citroen zx microbial straw leavening pours into 10 kilograms of matter Measuring percentage concentration is 1%, and in brown sugar aqueous solution of the temperature lower than 40 DEG C, through the 6-8d that after completely dissolution, ferments；

The stover ferment agent aqueous solution containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt, usage amount are every 1000 kilograms aqueous 40-60% trainings Matrix is supported, with the stover ferment agent water of the microbial straw leavening of Citroen zx containing agriculture 50-80g, sodium chloride 5-8g and sucrose 10-15g Solution 300-400kg sprinkling；

C. the application of culture substrate: spreading the culture substrate fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the detritus of quality such as adds Soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: radish is planted on the culture substrate that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

3. the culture substrate that a kind of radish planting described in accordance with the claim 3 uses, it is characterised in that the sodium chloride salt For edible salt or industrial salt, sucrose is edible brown sugar.