CN109566228A - A method of agricultural non-point source pollution ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose is constructed by sociales of hill gooseberry - Google Patents
A method of agricultural non-point source pollution ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose is constructed by sociales of hill gooseberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN109566228A CN109566228A CN201811604775.4A CN201811604775A CN109566228A CN 109566228 A CN109566228 A CN 109566228A CN 201811604775 A CN201811604775 A CN 201811604775A CN 109566228 A CN109566228 A CN 109566228A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for constructing agricultural non-point source pollution ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose as sociales using hill gooseberry.The agricultural non-point source pollution ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose that the present invention constructs, 1.1-1.5 times of rainwash time can be effectively increased, the processes such as the degradation by the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon, suspended matter 46.3-65.7%, total nitrogen 41.8-20.3%, total phosphorus 22.6-30.9% can be cut down, effectively play the effect of resistance control pollution of area source, it is provided simultaneously with good aesthetic of landscape function, ecological benefits are obvious.Method of the invention is simple, easy, and construction cost and operating cost are cheap.Method of the invention provides new way for the ecological prevention and control of pollution of area source, is suitble to promote and apply in the fields such as the prevention and control of pollution of area source ecology and water environment protection.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to agricultural non-point source pollution control and technical field of water environment treatment, and in particular to a kind of to be with hill gooseberry
The method of sociales building agricultural non-point source pollution ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose.
Background technique:
With deepening continuously for economical activities of mankind, water environment pollution has become global environmental problem, obtains various countries
The great attention of governmental environmental protection department.Traditionally according to the occurrence type of pollution, Pollutant Source in Aquatic Environment is divided into point source
(pointsource, abbreviation PS) and non-point source (non-pointsource, abbreviation NPS).Point source usually has fixed discharge position
It sets or sewage draining exit, discharge is concentrated, such as industrial wastewater and sanitary sewage.Non-point source includes line source and face source, i.e., discharges into environment
It is discontinuous, and cannot by general sewage water treatment method obtain water correction disposal of pollutants source, by rainfall, rainwash,
Produced by draining, seepage flow or atmospheric sedimentation, imports in surface water and groundwater water body and be largely enriched in a big way, cause
Water pollution.Compared with point-source pollution, the dispersion of non-point pollution origin, distributed areas are wide, the identification of generation position is difficult, randomness
By force, complex genesis, latency period are long.Practice have shown that controlling point-source pollution merely, the probability of meeting water quality standard of various water bodys is still paid no attention to
Think, therefore, with the increasing of the management of China's water environment point-source pollution, agricultural non-point source pollution has become threat water environment
Ecological safety and the primary factor for restricting China's agricultural sustainable development.In face of such developing state, innovational agriculture pollution of area source
Ecological preventing control method not only has great theory significance, but also has extremely important realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of the invention is to overcome defect in the prior art, provide a kind of using hill gooseberry as sociales building agriculture
The method of industry pollution of area source ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose.
The method that agricultural non-point source pollution ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose is constructed as sociales using hill gooseberry of the invention, including with
Lower step:
One, place election: the gentle slope of selection 10-30 degree；
Two, soil requirement: place soil selects deep, loose, the well-drained yellow soil of soil layer or red soil；
Three, plant is arranged in pairs or groups: in spatial plant collocation, the phytobiocoenose of building includes shrub layer and herbaceous layer, shrub layer
It selects hill gooseberry (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa), herbaceous layer selects tuber fern (Nephrolepis auriculata)；
Four, hillside fields arranges: cleaning gentle slope ground weeds, 20-30 centimetres of soil is ploughed deeply for the first time, the after 1-2 months
It is secondary to plough deeply 15-25 centimetres, after ploughing deeply for the second time, soil is poured with 500-1000 times of dilution of prebiotic bacterial manure；
Five, ecologic planting: selection hill gooseberry 1-2 age of tree seedling plants seeding row spacing 0.3-0.5 meters × 0.5-0.8 meters, plantation
Density is per hectare 25000-66667 plants, 0.3-1.0 meters of planting plants height；1 Nian Shengmiao of tuber fern is selected, seeding row spacing is planted
0.1-0.2 meters × 0.1-0.2 meters, planting density is per hectare 250000-1000000 plants, 0.1-0.2 meters of planting plants height；
Hill gooseberry and tuber fern inlay plantation；
Six, water and fertilizer management: after planting hill gooseberry and tuber fern, 1 root water is irrigated；
Seven, mid-term is safeguarded: annual tillage and weeding 1-2 times, annual spring is once unclogged and readjusted, and is dredged and is gone part is small and weak to cross dense planting
Strain promotes hill gooseberry and tuber fern regeneration.
It is preferred that the hillside fields on the gentle slope ground is 30-50 meters long, hillside fields is 10-100 meters wide.
The red soil is preferably the red soil that pH is 6.1-6.7.
The inventive process provides using hill gooseberry as place election, soil related in the phytobiocoenose building process of sociales
A series of technical measures such as earth requirement, plant collocation, hillside fields arrangement, ecologic planting, water and fertilizer management, mid-term maintenance.
The application of method of the invention compares with comparatively (not planting any vegetation), can effectively increase rainwash
1.1-1.5 times of time, by processes such as the degradations of the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon, suspended matter can be cut down
46.3-65.7%, total nitrogen 41.8-20.3%, total phosphorus 22.6-30.9% effectively play the effect of resistance control pollution of area source, have simultaneously
Standby good aesthetic of landscape function, ecological benefits are obvious.
Method of the invention is simple, easy, and construction cost and operating cost are cheap.
Method of the invention provides new way for the ecological prevention and control of pollution of area source, is suitble in the prevention and control of pollution of area source ecology and water
The fields such as environmental protection promote and apply.
Specific embodiment:
The following examples are further illustrations of the invention, rather than limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1:
On June 7th, 2018 is in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province ecology and environment Practice Base building agricultural non-point source pollution ecology
Prevention and control phytobiocoenose, comprising the following steps:
One, place election.Ecology and environment Practice Base in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, with selecting 10 degree of gentle slope, slope
Ground is 30 meters long, and hillside fields is 10 meters wide.
Two, soil requirement.Place soil is yellow soil, it is desirable that soil layer is deep, loose, draining is good.
Three, plant is arranged in pairs or groups.In spatial plant collocation, the phytobiocoenose of this building includes shrub layer and herbaceous layer, shrub
Layer is on upper layer, and herbaceous layer is in lower layer.The dominant plant option of species hill gooseberry (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) of shrub layer,
Myrtus Myrtaceae Myrtus evergreen shrubs, alias tremble Buddhist nun, hilllock M.-dodecandrum, mountain M.-dodecandrum, Duo Lian, when pears root, harvest subtree, beans are harvested,
Secondary Buddhist nun, peach uncle (mother's brother) ma, works as mud at black belly, is southern indigenous tree, be usually used in afforestation, improvement of the ecological environment, hillside it is multiple it is green,
Water and soil conservation；The sociales of herbaceous layer select tuber fern (Nephrolepis auriculata), tuber fern category nephrolepidaceae tuber fern plant,
Evergreen draft, alias circle fern, double-edged fine-toothed comb grass, phoenix egg, ciliate desert-grass, orpiment skin, in south China various regions, mountainous region Lin Yuan has wild distribution.
Four, hillside fields arranges.With the clearing up gentle slope weeds on ground, second after ploughing deeply 20-30 centimetres of soil, 1 month for the first time
It is secondary to plough deeply 15-25 centimetres.After ploughing deeply for the second time, with prebiotic bacterial manure, (the Fujian biotech inc Sheng Hua probiotics is former
Kind of fermentation) 500 times of dilutions pour soil.
Five, ecologic planting.1 year age of tree seedling of hill gooseberry is selected, plants 0.3 meter × 0.5 meter of seeding row spacing, planting density is every public affairs
Just 66667 plants, 0.3-1.0 meters of planting plants height；1 Nian Shengmiao of tuber fern is selected, plants 0.1 meter × 0.1 meter of seeding row spacing, is planted close
Degree is 1000000 plants of per hectare, 0.1-0.2 meters of planting plants height.Hill gooseberry and tuber fern inlay plantation.
Six, water and fertilizer management.After planting hill gooseberry and tuber fern, 1 root water is irrigated, does not have to fertilising, is grown naturally.
Seven, mid-term is safeguarded.Annual tillage and weeding 1-2 times, annual spring is once unclogged and readjusted, and is dredged and is gone part is small and weak to cross dense planting
Strain promotes hill gooseberry and tuber fern regeneration.
Eight, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The phytobiocoenose of this building is made of indigenous plant, and group's self-healing ability is strong, pest and disease damage
It is few, any drug can not be sprayed, any pest and disease damage safeguard procedures are not needed.
The agricultural non-point source pollution ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose of the present embodiment building, and comparatively (does not plant any vegetation)
Comparison, can effectively increase 1.3 times of the rainwash time, pass through the degradation of the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon
Etc. processes, suspended matter 55.2%, total nitrogen 34.6%, total phosphorus 27.7% can be cut down, effectively play resistance control pollution of area source effect, together
When have good aesthetic of landscape function, ecological benefits are obvious.
Embodiment 2:
On June 27th, 2018 is in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province ecology and environment Practice Base building agricultural non-point source pollution ecology
Prevention and control phytobiocoenose, comprising the following steps:
One, place election.Ecology and environment Practice Base in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, with selecting 30 degree of gentle slope, slope
Ground is 50 meters long, and hillside fields is 50 meters wide.
Two, soil requirement.Place soil is the red soil that pH is 6.1-6.7 acidity, it is desirable that soil layer is deep, loose, draining is good
It is good.
Three, plant is arranged in pairs or groups.In spatial plant collocation, the phytobiocoenose of this building includes shrub layer and herbaceous layer, shrub
Layer is on upper layer, and herbaceous layer is in lower layer.The dominant plant option of species hill gooseberry (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) of shrub layer,
Myrtus Myrtaceae Myrtus evergreen shrubs, alias tremble Buddhist nun, hilllock M.-dodecandrum, mountain M.-dodecandrum, Duo Lian, when pears root, harvest subtree, beans are harvested,
Secondary Buddhist nun, peach uncle (mother's brother) ma, works as mud at black belly, is southern indigenous tree, be usually used in afforestation, improvement of the ecological environment, hillside it is multiple it is green,
Water and soil conservation；The sociales of herbaceous layer select tuber fern (Nephrolepis auriculata), tuber fern category nephrolepidaceae tuber fern plant,
Evergreen draft, alias circle fern, double-edged fine-toothed comb grass, phoenix egg, ciliate desert-grass, orpiment skin, in south China various regions, mountainous region Lin Yuan has wild distribution.
Four, hillside fields arranges.With the clearing up gentle slope weeds on ground, second after ploughing deeply 20-30 centimetres of soil, 2 months for the first time
It is secondary to plough deeply 15-25 centimetres.After ploughing deeply for the second time, with prebiotic bacterial manure, (the Fujian biotech inc Sheng Hua probiotics is former
Kind of fermentation) 800 times of dilutions pour soil.
Five, ecologic planting.1 year age of tree seedling of hill gooseberry is selected, plants 0.5 meter × 0.5 meter of seeding row spacing, planting density is every public affairs
Just 40000 plants, 0.3-1.0 meters of planting plants height；1 Nian Shengmiao of tuber fern is selected, plants 0.1 meter × 0.2 meter of seeding row spacing, is planted close
Degree is 500000 plants of per hectare, 0.1-0.2 meters of planting plants height.Hill gooseberry and tuber fern inlay plantation.
Six, water and fertilizer management.After planting hill gooseberry and tuber fern, 1 root water is irrigated, does not have to fertilising, is grown naturally.
Seven, mid-term is safeguarded.Annual tillage and weeding 1-2 times, annual spring is once unclogged and readjusted, and is dredged and is gone part is small and weak to cross dense planting
Strain promotes hill gooseberry and tuber fern regeneration.
Eight, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The phytobiocoenose of this building is made of indigenous plant, and group's self-healing ability is strong, pest and disease damage
It is few, any drug can not be sprayed, any pest and disease damage safeguard procedures are not needed.
The agricultural non-point source pollution ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose of the present embodiment building, and comparatively (does not plant any vegetation)
Comparison, can effectively increase 1.5 times of the rainwash time, pass through the degradation of the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon
Etc. processes, suspended matter 65.7%, total nitrogen 41.8%, total phosphorus 30.9% can be cut down, effectively play resistance control pollution of area source effect, together
When have good aesthetic of landscape function, ecological benefits are obvious.
Embodiment 3:
On July 9th, 2018 is in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province ecology and environment Practice Base building agricultural non-point source pollution ecology
Prevention and control phytobiocoenose, comprising the following steps:
One, place election.Ecology and environment Practice Base in WuShan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, with selecting 30 degree of gentle slope, slope
Ground is 50 meters long, and hillside fields is 100 meters wide.
Two, soil requirement.Place soil is the red soil that pH is 6.1-6.7 acidity, it is desirable that soil layer is deep, loose, draining is good
It is good.
Three, plant is arranged in pairs or groups.In spatial plant collocation, the phytobiocoenose of this building includes shrub layer and herbaceous layer, shrub
Layer is on upper layer, and herbaceous layer is in lower layer.The dominant plant option of species hill gooseberry (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) of shrub layer,
Myrtus Myrtaceae Myrtus evergreen shrubs, alias tremble Buddhist nun, hilllock M.-dodecandrum, mountain M.-dodecandrum, Duo Lian, when pears root, harvest subtree, beans are harvested,
Secondary Buddhist nun, peach uncle (mother's brother) ma, works as mud at black belly, is southern indigenous tree, be usually used in afforestation, improvement of the ecological environment, hillside it is multiple it is green,
Water and soil conservation；The sociales of herbaceous layer select tuber fern (Nephrolepis auriculata), tuber fern category nephrolepidaceae tuber fern plant,
Evergreen draft, alias circle fern, double-edged fine-toothed comb grass, phoenix egg, ciliate desert-grass, orpiment skin, in south China various regions, mountainous region Lin Yuan has wild distribution.
Four, hillside fields arranges.With the clearing up gentle slope weeds on ground, second after ploughing deeply 20-30 centimetres of soil, 1 month for the first time
It is secondary to plough deeply 15-25 centimetres.After ploughing deeply for the second time, with prebiotic bacterial manure, (the Fujian biotech inc Sheng Hua probiotics is former
Kind of fermentation) 1000 times of dilutions pour soil.
Five, ecologic planting.2 years age of tree seedlings of hill gooseberry are selected, plant 0.5 meter × 0.8 meter of seeding row spacing, planting density is every public affairs
Just 25000 plants, 0.3-1.0 meters of planting plants height；1 Nian Shengmiao of tuber fern is selected, plants 0.2 meter × 0.2 meter of seeding row spacing, is planted close
Degree is 250000 plants of per hectare, 0.1-0.2 meters of planting plants height.Hill gooseberry and tuber fern inlay plantation.
Six, water and fertilizer management.After planting hill gooseberry and tuber fern, 1 root water is irrigated, does not have to fertilising, is grown naturally.
Seven, mid-term is safeguarded.Annual tillage and weeding 1-2 times, annual spring is once unclogged and readjusted, and is dredged and is gone part is small and weak to cross dense planting
Strain promotes hill gooseberry and tuber fern regeneration.
Eight, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The phytobiocoenose of this building is made of indigenous plant, and group's self-healing ability is strong, pest and disease damage
It is few, any drug can not be sprayed, any pest and disease damage safeguard procedures are not needed.
The agricultural non-point source pollution ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose of the present embodiment building, and comparatively (does not plant any vegetation)
Comparison, can effectively increase 1.1 times of the rainwash time, pass through the degradation of the absorption of plant, retention, absorption and edaphon
Etc. processes, suspended matter 46.3%, total nitrogen 20.3%, total phosphorus 22.6% can be cut down, effectively play resistance control pollution of area source effect, together
When have good aesthetic of landscape function, ecological benefits are obvious.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for constructing agricultural non-point source pollution ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose as sociales using hill gooseberry, which is characterized in that
The following steps are included:
One, place election: the gentle slope of selection 10-30 degree；
Two, soil requirement: place soil selects deep, loose, the well-drained yellow soil of soil layer or red soil；
Three, plant is arranged in pairs or groups: in spatial plant collocation, the phytobiocoenose of building includes shrub layer and herbaceous layer, shrub layer selection
Hill gooseberry (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa), herbaceous layer select tuber fern (Nephrolepis auriculata)；
Four, hillside fields arranges: with the clearing up gentle slope weeds on ground, second after ploughing deeply 20-30 centimetres of soil, 1-2 months for the first time
15-25 centimetres, after ploughing deeply for the second time is ploughed deeply, pours soil with 500-1000 times of dilution of prebiotic bacterial manure；
Five, ecologic planting: selection hill gooseberry 1-2 age of tree seedling plants seeding row spacing 0.3-0.5 meters × 0.5-0.8 meters, planting density
It is 25000-66667 plants of per hectare, 0.3-1.0 meters of planting plants height；1 Nian Shengmiao of tuber fern is selected, seeding row spacing 0.1-0.2 is planted
Rice × 0.1-0.2 meters, planting density is per hectare 250000-1000000 plants, 0.1-0.2 meters of planting plants height；Hill gooseberry and
Tuber fern inlays plantation；
Six, water and fertilizer management: after planting hill gooseberry and tuber fern, 1 root water is irrigated；
Seven, mid-term is safeguarded: annual tillage and weeding 1-2 times, annual spring is once unclogged and readjusted, and is dredged and is gone the small and weak overstocked plant of part,
Promote hill gooseberry and tuber fern regeneration.
2. the side according to claim 1 for constructing agricultural non-point source pollution ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose using hill gooseberry as sociales
Method, which is characterized in that the hillside fields on the gentle slope ground is 30-50 meters long, and hillside fields is 10-100 meters wide.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 construct agricultural non-point source pollution ecology prevention and control phytobiocoenose by sociales of hill gooseberry
Method, which is characterized in that the red soil is the red soil that pH is 6.1-6.7.
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Cited By (1)
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