CN109537160A - 一种纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109537160A
CN109537160A CN201811358147.2A CN201811358147A CN109537160A CN 109537160 A CN109537160 A CN 109537160A CN 201811358147 A CN201811358147 A CN 201811358147A CN 109537160 A CN109537160 A CN 109537160A
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王洪亮
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，将天丝纤维、竹纤维和麻赛尔纤维织成第一纤维网；将竹纤维和莫代尔纤维针刺成第二纤维网；将第一、第二纤维网进行叠加复合，采用针刺机进行纯机械成型，得到絮片；该絮片具备了竹纤维的抗菌性；天丝纤维的尺寸稳定性；麻赛尔纤维的透气排湿性能以及莫代尔纤维的柔顺质感；同时还具有良好的保暖性。针对加白/浅色的竹纤维，采用了轻质碳酸钙超声处理+多元共聚有机硅光亮平滑整理剂处理两者结合的方式，不但可以有效防止竹纤维泛黄，而且可以显著降低COD排放量，安全环保。

Description

一种纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及被芯，属于纺织技术领域，尤其涉及一种纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法。
背景技术
在冬季服装材料中，絮片以其蓬松、含有大量空气的结构特性能够起到良好的隔热保暖效果。长久以来，人们习惯使用羽绒、棉絮、羊毛絮等作为保暖絮片。随着纤维工业的发展，以化学纤维为原料的喷胶棉、仿丝棉、太空棉、腈纶棉、羊毛复合絮片、涤纶絮片等新型保暖材料相继开发成功，并且投入了市场，突破了传统的以棉絮、羽绒等为材料用做保暖御寒纺织品的填充物。近年来，各种新型纤维材料相继被开发，并且也有不少用于保暖絮片的产品被开发出来。
冬服保暖材料的研究与开发致力于如何使用新型材料，提高保暖效果，减轻重量，同时赋予絮片具有一定的功能性。但不同的纤维由于线密度、长度等方面的不同，在采用非织造的方法制备絮片的过程中会存在混合的不均匀或梳理成网上的难度，使得采用多种纤维材料的功能性絮片的开发受到影响，故传统的絮片采用热风粘结的方式进行加固，但是该方式需要使用粘结剂，不够环保，同时长期使用后，由于纤维变黄、变硬等原因，会导致絮片变黄，甚至板结等。为了达到更好的柔软效果和白度，并提升环保性能，本发明提供了一种纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题，本发明提出了一种纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将天丝纤维、竹纤维和麻赛尔纤维按质量百分比进行称量、开松、给湿，混合均匀，采用气流成网，得到第一纤维网；将竹纤维和莫代尔纤维按质量百分比进行称量、开松、给湿，混合均匀，进行罗拉梳理、交叉铺网，送入针刺机进行针刺加固，得到第二纤维网；将第一、第二纤维网进行叠加复合，采用针刺机进行纯机械成型，得到絮片；将絮片进行切边、紫外线杀菌、打卷和包装；
所述的竹纤维在使用前进行前处理，具体步骤如下：
A、将规格为8-12cm的竹浆纤维原材料放入超声波清洗机中，加入水和轻质碳酸钙，采用500-800W的超声波处理10-15min；
B、加入醋酸将pH值调节为5.0-5.5，继续超声2-3min；
C、加入光亮平滑整理剂，采用浸扎法或者浸渍法对竹浆纤维进一步处理；
D、将处理后的竹浆纤维去除后，40-50℃烘干，即可。
优选的，所述的第一纤维网中，天丝纤维、竹纤维和麻赛尔纤维的重量百分比为15-25％、55-70％和余量；所述的第二纤维网中，竹纤维和莫代尔纤维的重量百分比为65-75％和25-35％。
优选的，所述的步骤A中，所述的轻质碳酸钙的粒径为1-10μm。
优选的，所述的步骤C中，所述的光亮平滑整理剂为多元共聚有机硅光亮平滑整理剂。
优选的，所述的步骤C中，采用浸扎法，光亮平滑整理剂与竹浆纤维的加入比例为1：(4-9)。
优选的，所述的步骤C中，采用浸扎法，光亮平滑整理剂的加入量为40-80g/L。
优选的，所述的步骤C中，采用浸渍法，光亮平滑整理剂与竹浆纤维的加入比例为1：(4-9)。
优选的，所述的步骤C中，采用浸渍法，光亮平滑整理剂的加入量为4-8％。
竹纤维面料是指是竹子为原料经特殊工艺制成竹纤维，经纺织而成的新型面料。竹纤维具有如下特性：
1.抗菌抑菌功能，同样数量的细菌在显微镜下观察，细菌在棉，木纤维制品中能够大量繁衍，而竹纤维制品上的细菌在24小时后被杀死75％左右。
2.除臭吸附功能，竹纤维内部特殊的超细微孔结构使其具有强劲的吸附能力，能吸附空气中甲醛，苯，甲苯，氨等有害物质，消除不良气味。
3.吸湿排湿功能，竹纤维的横截面凹凸变形，布满了近似于椭圆形的孔隙，呈高度中空，毛细管效应极强，可在瞬间吸收和蒸发水分。
4.超强的抗紫外线功能，棉的紫外线穿透率为25％，竹纤维的紫外线穿透率不足0.6％，它的抗紫外线能力是棉的41.7倍。
5.超强保健功能，竹含有丰富的果胶、竹蜜、酪氨酸、维生素E以及SE、GE等多种防癌抗衰老功能的微量元素。
6.舒适美观功能，竹纤维单位细度细，白度好，染色后色泽儒雅，鲜艳真实，不易褪色，光泽亮丽，丰满挺刮，飘逸大方，悬垂性佳，具有一种天然朴实的高雅质感。
传统方法采用酯基季铵盐柔软剂、双氨基型官能团硅烷平滑剂和泡打粉蓬松剂，对竹纤维进行预处理，可以显著提高竹纤维的吸湿透气柔软性能，制成的被芯还可以防静电、抗菌防臭，健康环保；但是由于硅烷平滑剂容易导致长期使用后的竹纤维上存在硅斑，从而变黄，同时泡打粉蓬松剂作为有机物会提高COD排放。
本发明的光亮平滑整理剂为多元共聚有机硅光亮平滑整理剂，该整理剂是一种多元共聚的新型材料，它拥有崭新的线性化学结构，从根本意义上实现了无乳化剂，达到低COD排放的环保要求，而又能在水中拥有超高的稳定性(在强碱、高剪切、高温等环境中)，可应用于不同类型的纤维(如全面、羊毛、粘胶纤维、人造纤维等)及各种织物上，它比一般氨基改性有机硅柔软剂有更柔软及极低的泛黄性。
本发明的有益之处在于：
本发明的纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，该方法采用了多种不同类型与功能的新型纤维，使得絮片具备了竹纤维的抗菌性；天丝纤维的尺寸稳定性；麻赛尔纤维的透气排湿性能以及莫代尔纤维的柔顺质感；同时还具有良好的保暖性。
本发明的纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，针对加白/浅色的竹纤维，采用了轻质碳酸钙超声处理+多元共聚有机硅光亮平滑整理剂处理两者结合的方式，不但可以有效防止竹纤维泛黄，而且可以显著降低COD排放量，安全环保。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
一种纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将天丝纤维、竹纤维和麻赛尔纤维按质量百分比进行称量、开松、给湿，混合均匀，采用气流成网，得到第一纤维网；将竹纤维和莫代尔纤维按质量百分比进行称量、开松、给湿，混合均匀，进行罗拉梳理、交叉铺网，送入针刺机进行针刺加固，得到第二纤维网；将第一、第二纤维网进行叠加复合，采用针刺机进行纯机械成型，得到絮片；将絮片进行切边、紫外线杀菌、打卷和包装；
所述的竹纤维在使用前进行前处理，具体步骤如下：
A、将规格为8-12cm的竹浆纤维原材料放入超声波清洗机中，加入水和轻质碳酸钙，采用650W的超声波处理12min；
B、加入醋酸将pH值调节为5.2，继续超声2.5min；
C、加入光亮平滑整理剂，采用浸扎法或者浸渍法对竹浆纤维进一步处理；
D、将处理后的竹浆纤维去除后，48℃烘干，即可。
所述的步骤A中，所述的轻质碳酸钙的粒径为1-10μm。
所述的步骤C中，所述的光亮平滑整理剂为多元共聚有机硅光亮平滑整理剂。
所述的步骤C中，采用浸扎法，光亮平滑整理剂与竹浆纤维的加入比例为1：6；光亮平滑整理剂的加入量为50g/L。
实施例2：
一种纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将天丝纤维、竹纤维和麻赛尔纤维按质量百分比进行称量、开松、给湿，混合均匀，采用气流成网，得到第一纤维网；将竹纤维和莫代尔纤维按质量百分比进行称量、开松、给湿，混合均匀，进行罗拉梳理、交叉铺网，送入针刺机进行针刺加固，得到第二纤维网；将第一、第二纤维网进行叠加复合，采用针刺机进行纯机械成型，得到絮片；将絮片进行切边、紫外线杀菌、打卷和包装；
所述的竹纤维在使用前进行前处理，具体步骤如下：
A、将规格为8-12cm的竹浆纤维原材料放入超声波清洗机中，加入水和轻质碳酸钙，采用800W的超声波处理10min；
B、加入醋酸将pH值调节为5.5，继续超声2min；
C、加入光亮平滑整理剂，采用浸扎法或者浸渍法对竹浆纤维进一步处理；
D、将处理后的竹浆纤维去除后，50℃烘干，即可。
所述的步骤A中，所述的轻质碳酸钙的粒径为1-10μm。
所述的步骤C中，所述的光亮平滑整理剂为多元共聚有机硅光亮平滑整理剂。
所述的步骤C中，采用浸渍法，光亮平滑整理剂与竹浆纤维的加入比例为1：4；光亮平滑整理剂的加入量为8％。
实施例3：
一种纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将天丝纤维、竹纤维和麻赛尔纤维按质量百分比进行称量、开松、给湿，混合均匀，采用气流成网，得到第一纤维网；将竹纤维和莫代尔纤维按质量百分比进行称量、开松、给湿，混合均匀，进行罗拉梳理、交叉铺网，送入针刺机进行针刺加固，得到第二纤维网；将第一、第二纤维网进行叠加复合，采用针刺机进行纯机械成型，得到絮片；将絮片进行切边、紫外线杀菌、打卷和包装；
所述的竹纤维在使用前进行前处理，具体步骤如下：
A、将规格为8-12cm的竹浆纤维原材料放入超声波清洗机中，加入水和轻质碳酸钙，采用500W的超声波处理15min；
B、加入醋酸将pH值调节为5.0，继续超声3min；
C、加入光亮平滑整理剂，采用浸扎法或者浸渍法对竹浆纤维进一步处理；
D、将处理后的竹浆纤维去除后，40℃烘干，即可。
所述的步骤A中，所述的轻质碳酸钙的粒径为1-10μm。
所述的步骤C中，所述的光亮平滑整理剂为多元共聚有机硅光亮平滑整理剂。
所述的步骤C中，采用浸扎法，光亮平滑整理剂与竹浆纤维的加入比例为1：9；光亮平滑整理剂的加入量为40g/L。
对比例1
将步骤A中的轻质碳酸钙超声波处理步骤去除，其余制备方法不变。
对比例2
将步骤C中的多元共聚有机硅光亮平滑整理剂替换为双氨基型官能团硅烷平滑整理剂，其余制备方法不变。
以下对实施例1-3和对比例1-2的前处理的竹纤维样品进行检测，得到如下检测结果。
检测本发明实施例1-3和对比例1-2的竹纤维样品，出厂时和使用3年后的白度，得到的检测结果见表1。检测仪器：美国Datacolor-2000白度仪(d/0、氙灯)。
表1：竹纤维样品的白度检测结果(采用R457白度公式)；
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 对比例1 对比例2
出厂白度 162.8 160.9 161.4 147.2 155.7
三年后白度 157.6 155.9 156.7 141.8 94.5
由以上测试结果可以知道，本发明处理后的竹纤维样品的白度可以长期保持。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
将天丝纤维、竹纤维和麻赛尔纤维按质量百分比进行称量、开松、给湿，混合均匀，采用气流成网，得到第一纤维网；将竹纤维和莫代尔纤维按质量百分比进行称量、开松、给湿，混合均匀，进行罗拉梳理、交叉铺网，送入针刺机进行针刺加固，得到第二纤维网；将第一、第二纤维网进行叠加复合，采用针刺机进行纯机械成型，得到絮片；将絮片进行切边、紫外线杀菌、打卷和包装；
所述的竹纤维在使用前进行前处理，具体步骤如下：
A、将规格为8-12cm的竹浆纤维原材料放入超声波清洗机中，加入水和轻质碳酸钙，采用500-800W的超声波处理10-15min；
B、加入醋酸将pH值调节为5.0-5.5，继续超声2-3min；
C、加入光亮平滑整理剂，采用浸扎法或者浸渍法对竹浆纤维进一步处理；
D、将处理后的竹浆纤维去除后，40-50℃烘干，即可。
2.如权利要求1所述的纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的第一纤维网中，天丝纤维、竹纤维和麻赛尔纤维的重量百分比为15-25％、55-70％和余量；所述的第二纤维网中，竹纤维和莫代尔纤维的重量百分比为65-75％和25-35％。
3.如权利要求1所述的纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤A中，所述的轻质碳酸钙的粒径为1-10μm。
4.如权利要求1所述的纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤C中，所述的光亮平滑整理剂为多元共聚有机硅光亮平滑整理剂。
5.如权利要求1所述的纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤C中，采用浸扎法，光亮平滑整理剂与竹浆纤维的加入比例为1：(4-9)。
6.如权利要求5所述的纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤C中，采用浸扎法，光亮平滑整理剂的加入量为40-80g/L。
7.如权利要求1所述的纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤C中，采用浸渍法，光亮平滑整理剂与竹浆纤维的加入比例为1：(4-9)。
8.如权利要求7所述的纯天然环保可降解絮片的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤C中，采用浸渍法，光亮平滑整理剂的加入量为4-8％。
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