CN109479571B

CN109479571B - Snakegourd fruit planting frame and planting method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN109479571B
Application number: CN201811337650.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王祥
Original assignee: Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County Xianglin Traditional Chinese Medicine Co ltd
Current assignee: Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County Xianglin Traditional Chinese Medicine Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-12
Filing date: 2018-11-12
Publication date: 2021-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-12
Also published as: CN109479571A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of snakegourd fruit cultivation, in particular to a snakegourd fruit planting frame which comprises a planting box, wherein two sides of the planting box are provided with detachable movable cover plates, the movable cover plates are buckled on the planting box, the bottom of the inner side of the planting box is provided with two mounting seats, fertilizer pipes are fixedly mounted in the mounting seats, two symmetrical cutting grooves are fixedly formed in two sides of the upper portion of the planting box, a planting opening is formed in the center of the top of the planting box, telescopic support frames are fixedly arranged at four corners of the top of the planting box, a fixed disc is fixedly arranged at the top of each telescopic support frame, a growing long hole is formed in the central position of each fixed disc, a chute of an annular structure is formed in the edge of the bottom of each fixed. The invention also provides a planting method of the snakegourd fruit planting frame. The root of the snakegourd fruit is high in yield and is worthy of popularization.

Description

Snakegourd fruit planting frame and planting method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of snakegourd fruit cultivation, in particular to a snakegourd fruit planting frame and a snakegourd fruit planting method.

Background

The melon basket is a perennial climbing herbaceous plant, and fruits, peels, nuts (seeds) and roots of the melon basket are superior traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

The rootstock of the melon basket is usually obtained by digging out the whole plant of the melon basket, so that the dug-out melon basket is dead, the rootstock of the melon basket obtained next time needs to be sowed again, the yield of the rootstock is greatly reduced, the growth of the melon basket is not facilitated, and in order to obtain the rootstock of the melon basket uninterruptedly, the melon basket planting frame and the planting method thereof are provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a snakegourd fruit planting frame and a snakegourd fruit planting method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a frame is planted to trichosanthes, includes and plants the case, the both sides of planting the case are equipped with the detachable removable cover board, the removable cover board buckle is on planting the case, the inboard bottom of planting the case is equipped with two mount pads, and equal fixed mounting has fertilizer pipe in the mount pad, the fixed cutting groove that cuts that is equipped with the symmetry in upper portion both sides of planting the case, the top center of planting the case is equipped with plants the mouth, plants the fixed telescopic support frame that is equipped with in top four corners of case, telescopic support frame's top is fixed and is equipped with the fixed disk, the central point of fixed disk puts and is equipped with the growth hole, the bottom edge of fixed disk is equipped with an annular structure's spout, be equipped with a plurality of.

Preferably, the supporting unit includes the slider, the slider with the spout phase-match, slider sliding connection are in the spout, and the fixed stiffener that is equipped with in bottom of slider, the stiffener is kept away from the fixed two rotation seats that are equipped with in one side of fixed disk, the rotation seat that is located the top rotates through the pin and is connected with telescopic dead lever, and the rotation seat that is located the below rotates through the pin and is connected with the bracing piece, the one end that the stiffener was kept away from to the bracing piece is passed through second fixing bolt fixed connection on telescopic dead lever, one side that telescopic dead lever was kept away from to the slider is equipped with fixing.

Preferably, the fixing device comprises a fixing block, the fixing block is fixed on the sliding block, a first fixing bolt penetrates through the fixing block, the first fixing bolt is in threaded connection with the fixing block, and the end portion of the first fixing bolt can be locked on the fixing disc.

Preferably, the distance between the cutting groove and the planting opening is set to be 10-15 cm.

Preferably, through holes are uniformly formed in the planting box, the movable cover plate and the fertilizer pipe.

The invention also provides a planting method using the snakegourd fruit planting frame, which comprises the following steps:

s1, seedling culturing, namely selecting full snakegourd seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 24-36 hours, then sowing the soaked seeds in a seedling culturing box with a seedling culturing block nutrient soil matrix, placing the seedling culturing box in a greenhouse for germination acceleration and seedling culturing, keeping the temperature of the greenhouse at 35-45 ℃ in the germination acceleration and seedling culturing process, gradually reducing the temperature of the greenhouse to be the same as the outdoor temperature after the growing height of the snakegourd seedlings is 5-8cm, ventilating the greenhouse, and culturing the seedlings for 5-7 days for later use;

s2, selecting land, selecting fluffy moist sandy loam with good drainage as a land parcel, carrying out deep ploughing, and digging holes on the deeply ploughed land parcel, wherein the hole width is the same as the width of the planting box, and the depth is two thirds of the height of the planting box;

s3, transplanting seedlings, namely selecting the same number of planting boxes according to the number of holes in the S2, taking out fertilizer tubes in the planting boxes, filling the fertilizer tubes with a fertilizer matrix, then installing the fertilizer tubes in the planting boxes, burying the planting boxes provided with the fertilizer tubes into the holes, filling fertile soil in the planting boxes, selecting robust seedlings in the S1, and transplanting the seedlings into the planting boxes through planting holes;

s4, ridging, namely ridging the outer sides of the planting boxes to form a soil pile, covering the planting boxes, ridging the rows of planting boxes to form ridges, and forming ditches on two sides of the ridges, so that drainage and irrigation are facilitated, and the ridges are sprayed with herbicide and covered with mulching films;

s5, managing in a seedling stage, watering properly during the growth period, keeping ridges in a wet state, cutting off the head of a plant when seedlings grow to 150-170cm, leaving 4-5 thick and strong stems for each plant, fixing the stems on corresponding supporting units along the circumferential direction of a fixed disc, thinning leaves and pruning once every month to ensure vigorous growth of the plant, selecting the stems with vigorous growth in the seedling stage for pruning, and performing artificial pollination on female flowers in the flowering stage; weeds and plant diseases and insect pests in the field should be prevented and controlled in time in the whole growth period;

s6, picking in batches when the peel of the snakegourd fruit is golden yellow;

s7, cutting roots, after fruit picking is completed, after leaves of snakegourd fruits completely fall down, ditching close to one side of a planting box to expose one side of the planting box, taking a movable cover plate on one side of the planting box down, cutting off the roots of the snakegourd fruits along a cutting groove by using a cutter, temporarily keeping the cutter inside the cutting groove to block soil on the upper portion of the cutter, simultaneously taking out the soil on the lower portion of the cutting groove of the planting box and the roots of the snakegourd fruits cut off, replacing a fertilizer matrix in a fertilizer pipe, filling new soil into the planting box again, drawing out the cutter to cover the movable cover plate, performing landfill ditching, and hilling;

s8, trimming, namely cutting all stems and tendrils of the snakegourd fruits, and only keeping the main stems;

and S9, film covering, and after S7 and S8 are finished, film covering is carried out on the ridges for overwintering.

Preferably, the fertilizer substrate in S3 is a mixed fertilizer of decomposed poultry manure, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, plant ash and wood chips, and the weight ratio of the decomposed poultry manure, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, plant ash and wood chips is 1.5: 0.5: 0.3: 0.2: 1: 3.

preferably, the stem pressing branch in S5 is released by the supporting unit, and the branch is pulled down and buried in the soil.

The invention provides a snakegourd fruit planting frame and a snakegourd fruit planting method, which have the beneficial effects that: the invention can enable the snakegourd fruit to be in a growth state, can quickly root and sprout in the next year, ensures the growth state of each year, effectively improves the yield of the root of the snakegourd fruit, does not need additional fertilizer, and can provide sufficient fertilizer for the growth of the snakegourd fruit by the fertilizer pipe, thereby reducing the labor intensity in planting.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective structure view of a snakegourd fruit planting rack provided by the invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic sectional structure view of a snakegourd fruit planting rack provided by the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of fig. 2 at a.

In the figure: planting case 1, removable cover 2, fertilizer pipe 3, cutting groove 4, planting mouth 5, telescopic support frame 6, fixed disk 7, growth hole 8, spout 9, slider 10, fixed block 11, first fixing bolt 12, stiffener 13, telescopic fixed lever 14, bracing piece 15, second fixing bolt 16.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a snakegourd fruit planting frame comprises a planting box 1, detachable movable cover plates 2 are arranged on two sides of the planting box 1, the movable cover plates 2 are buckled on the planting box 1, two mounting seats are arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the planting box 1, fertilizer pipes 3 are fixedly mounted in the mounting seats, symmetrical cutting grooves 4 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the upper portion of the planting box 1, a planting opening 5 is formed in the center of the top of the planting box 1, the distance between the cutting grooves 4 and the planting opening 5 is set to be 10-15cm, a space formed between the cutting grooves 4 and the planting opening 5 is used for planting or retaining the root of snakegourd fruit, telescopic supporting frames 6 are fixedly arranged at four corners of the top of the planting box 1, a fixed disc 7 is fixedly arranged at the top of the telescopic supporting frames 6, a growing hole 8 is formed in the center of the fixed disc 7, a chute 9 with an annular structure is arranged at the bottom edge of the fixed, the supporting unit can evenly distribute the branches and tendrils of the snakegourd fruit around the fixed disc 7, so that the branches and tendrils of the snakegourd fruit are evenly distributed, and the growth of the branches and tendrils of the snakegourd fruit is more convenient.

The supporting unit comprises a sliding block 10, the sliding block 10 is matched with a sliding groove 9, the sliding block 10 is connected in the sliding groove 9 in a sliding mode, a reinforcing rod 13 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sliding block 10, two rotating seats are fixedly arranged on one side, away from a fixed plate 7, of the reinforcing rod 13, the rotating seats located above are connected with telescopic fixing rods 14 in a rotating mode through pins, a supporting rod 15 is connected to the rotating seats located below in a rotating mode through pins, one end, away from the reinforcing rod 13, of the supporting rod 15 is fixedly connected onto the telescopic fixing rods 14 through second fixing bolts 16, one side, away from the telescopic fixing rods 14, of the sliding block 10 is provided with a fixing device, after the second fixing bolts 16 fix the supporting rods 15, the telescopic fixing rods 14 can rotate downwards, the trichosanthes branches and.

The fixing device comprises a fixing block 11, the fixing block 11 is fixed on the sliding block 10, a first fixing bolt 12 penetrates through the fixing block 11, the first fixing bolt 12 is in threaded connection with the fixing block 11, the end portion of the first fixing bolt can be locked on the fixing disc 7, and the fixing device achieves fixing of the supporting unit.

Plant all evenly to be equipped with the through-hole on case 1, removable cover 2 and the fertilizer pipe 3, the through-hole of planting on case 1, the removable cover 2 is convenient for the flow of moisture in the soil, and the through-hole on the fertilizer pipe 3 is convenient for the absorption of trichosanthes root to nutrition, and the fertilizer pipe 3 of cylindricality structure is convenient for the required nutrient of trichosanthes growth, also promotes the extension of trichosanthes root, and the trichosanthes need not the additional fertilizer during growth, alleviates work load.

Example 1

s1, seedling raising, namely selecting full-grained snakegourd seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 24 hours, then sowing the soaked seeds in a seedling raising box with a seedling raising block nutrient soil matrix, placing the seedling raising box in a greenhouse for accelerating germination and seedling raising, keeping the temperature of the greenhouse at 35 ℃ in the accelerating germination and seedling raising process, gradually reducing the temperature of the greenhouse to be the same as the outdoor temperature after the growing height of the snakegourd seedlings is 5cm, ventilating the greenhouse, and culturing the seedlings for 5 days for later use;

s2, selecting land, selecting fluffy moist sandy loam with good drainage as a land parcel, carrying out deep ploughing, digging holes on the deeply ploughed land parcel, wherein the hole width is the same as the width of the planting box 1, and the depth is two thirds of the height of the planting box 1;

s3, transplanting seedlings, namely selecting the same number of planting boxes 1 according to the number of holes in S2, taking out fertilizer tubes 3 in the planting boxes 1, filling the fertilizer tubes with a fertilizer matrix, then installing the fertilizer tubes into the planting boxes 1, burying the planting boxes 1 with the fertilizer tubes 3 into the holes, filling fertile soil into the planting boxes 1, selecting robust seedlings in S1, and transplanting the seedlings into the planting boxes 1 through planting holes 5;

s4, ridging, namely ridging the outer side of the planting box 1 to form a soil pile, covering the planting box 1, ridging the rows of planting boxes 1 to form ridges, and forming ditches on two sides of the ridges, so that water drainage and irrigation are facilitated, and the ridges are sprayed with herbicide and covered with mulching films;

s5, managing in a seedling stage, watering properly during the growth period, keeping ridges in a wet state, cutting off the head of a plant when a seedling grows to 150cm, reserving 4 thick and strong stems and tendrils for each plant, fixing the stems and tendrils on corresponding supporting units along the circumferential direction of a fixed disc 7, thinning leaves and pruning once a month to ensure that the plant grows vigorously, selecting the stems and tendrils which grow vigorously in the seedling stage for pruning, and performing artificial pollination on female flowers in the flowering stage; weeds and plant diseases and insect pests in the field should be prevented and controlled in time in the whole growth period;

s6, picking in batches when the peel of the snakegourd fruit is golden yellow;

s7, cutting roots, after fruit picking is completed, after leaves of snakegourd fruits completely fall down, ditching near one side of the planting box 1 to expose one side of the planting box 1, taking down the movable cover plate 2 on one side of the planting box 1, cutting off roots of the snakegourd fruits along the cutting groove 4 by using a cutter, temporarily keeping the cutter inside the cutting groove 4 to block soil on the upper portion of the cutter, simultaneously taking out the soil on the lower portion of the cutting groove 4 of the planting box 1 and the roots of the snakegourd fruits which are cut off, replacing a fertilizer matrix in the fertilizer pipe 3, filling new soil into the planting box 1 again, drawing out the cutter, covering the movable cover plate 2, filling and ditching, and earthing up;

Wherein the fertilizer substrate in S3 is a mixed fertilizer of decomposed poultry manure, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, plant ash and wood chips, and the weight ratio of the decomposed poultry manure, the nitrogen fertilizer, the potassium fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer, the plant ash and the wood chips is 1.5: 0.5: 0.3: 0.2: 1: 3, the stem pressing branch in S5 is released by the supporting unit, and the branch is pulled downwards and buried in the soil layer.

Example 2

s1, seedling raising, namely selecting full-grained snakegourd seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water at the temperature of 32 ℃ for 30 hours, then sowing the soaked seeds in a seedling raising box with a seedling raising block nutrient soil matrix, placing the seedling raising box in a greenhouse for accelerating germination and seedling raising, keeping the temperature of the greenhouse at 40 ℃ in the accelerating germination and seedling raising process, gradually reducing the temperature of the greenhouse to be the same as the outdoor temperature after the growing height of the snakegourd seedlings is 7cm, ventilating the greenhouse, and culturing the seedlings for 6 days for later use;

s5, managing in a seedling stage, watering properly during the growth period, keeping ridges in a wet state, cutting off the head of a plant when a seedling grows to 160cm, leaving 5 thick and strong stems and tendrils on each plant, fixing the stems and tendrils on corresponding supporting units along the circumferential direction of a fixed disc 7, thinning leaves and pruning once a month to ensure that the plant grows vigorously, selecting the stems and tendrils which grow vigorously in the seedling stage for pruning, and performing artificial pollination on female flowers in the flowering stage; weeds and plant diseases and insect pests in the field should be prevented and controlled in time in the whole growth period;

s6, picking in batches when the peel of the snakegourd fruit is golden yellow;

Example 3

s1, seedling raising, namely selecting full-grained snakegourd seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water at the temperature of 35 ℃ for 36 hours, then sowing the soaked seeds in a seedling raising box with a seedling raising block nutrient soil matrix, placing the seedling raising box in a greenhouse for accelerating germination and seedling raising, keeping the temperature of the greenhouse at 45 ℃ in the accelerating germination and seedling raising process, gradually reducing the temperature of the greenhouse to be the same as the outdoor temperature after the growing height of the snakegourd seedlings is 8cm, ventilating the greenhouse, and culturing the seedlings for later use for 7 days;

s5, managing in a seedling stage, watering properly during the growth period, keeping ridges in a wet state, cutting off the head of a plant when a seedling grows to 170cm, leaving 5 thick and strong stems and tendrils on each plant, fixing the stems and tendrils on corresponding supporting units along the circumferential direction of a fixed disc 7, thinning leaves and pruning once a month to ensure that the plant grows vigorously, selecting the stems and tendrils which grow vigorously in the seedling stage for pruning, and performing artificial pollination on female flowers in the flowering stage; weeds and plant diseases and insect pests in the field should be prevented and controlled in time in the whole growth period;

s6, picking in batches when the peel of the snakegourd fruit is golden yellow;

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A snakegourd fruit planting frame comprises a planting box (1) and is characterized in that two sides of the planting box (1) are provided with detachable movable cover plates (2), the movable cover plate (2) is buckled on the planting box (1), two mounting seats are arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the planting box (1), fertilizer pipes (3) are fixedly arranged in the mounting seats, symmetrical cutting grooves (4) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the upper part of the planting box (1), a planting opening (5) is arranged at the center of the top of the planting box (1), telescopic support frames (6) are fixedly arranged at four corners of the top of the planting box (1), a fixed disc (7) is fixedly arranged at the top of the telescopic support frame (6), a long hole (8) is arranged at the central position of the fixed disc (7), the bottom edge of the fixed disc (7) is provided with a chute (9) with an annular structure, a plurality of supporting units are arranged in the sliding groove (9) along the circumferential direction of the fixed disc (7);

the supporting unit comprises a sliding block (10), the sliding block (10) is matched with the sliding groove (9), the sliding block (10) is connected in the sliding groove (9) in a sliding mode, a reinforcing rod (13) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sliding block (10), two rotating seats are fixedly arranged on one side, away from the fixed disc (7), of the reinforcing rod (13), the rotating seat located above is rotatably connected with a telescopic fixing rod (14) through a pin, the rotating seat located below is rotatably connected with a supporting rod (15) through a pin, one end, away from the reinforcing rod (13), of the supporting rod (15) is fixedly connected onto the telescopic fixing rod (14) through a second fixing bolt (16), and a fixing device is arranged on one side, away from the telescopic fixing rod (14), of the sliding block (10;

fixing device includes fixed block (11), fixed block (11) are fixed on slider (10), run through on fixed block (11) and be equipped with first fixing bolt (12), first fixing bolt (12) threaded connection is on fixed block (11), and its tip can lock on fixed disk (7).

2. A snakegourd planting rack according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the cutting groove (4) and the planting opening (5) is set to be 10-15 cm.

3. A snakegourd planting rack according to claim 1, characterized in that through holes are uniformly formed in the planting boxes (1), the movable cover plates (2) and the fertilizer pipes (3).

4. A planting method using the snakegourd planting rack of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s2, selecting land, selecting fluffy moist sandy loam with good drainage as a land parcel, carrying out deep ploughing, digging holes on the land parcel after deep ploughing, wherein the hole width is the same as the width of the planting box (1), and the depth is two thirds of the height of the planting box (1);

s3, transplanting seedlings, namely selecting the same number of planting boxes (1) according to the number of holes in S2, taking out fertilizer tubes (3) in the planting boxes (1), filling the planting boxes (1) with a fertilizer matrix, then installing the planting boxes (1) with the fertilizer tubes (3), burying the planting boxes (1) with the fertilizer tubes (3) into the holes, filling fertile soil in the planting boxes (1), selecting robust seedlings in S1, and transplanting the seedlings into the planting boxes (1) through planting ports (5);

s4, ridging, namely ridging the outer side of the planting box (1) to form a soil pile, covering the planting box (1), ridging the row of planting boxes (1) to form ridges, and forming ditches on two sides of the ridges, so that water is drained and irrigated conveniently, and herbicide is sprayed to the ridges and covered by mulching films;

s5, managing in a seedling stage, watering properly during the growth period, keeping ridges in a wet state, cutting off the head of a plant when seedlings grow to 150-170cm, leaving 4-5 thick and strong stems for each plant, circumferentially fixing the stems on corresponding supporting units along a fixed disc (7), thinning leaves and pruning once a month to ensure vigorous growth of the plant, selecting the vigorous stems in the seedling stage for pruning, and performing artificial pollination on female flowers in the flowering stage; weeds and plant diseases and insect pests in the field should be prevented and controlled in time in the whole growth period;

s6, picking in batches when the peel of the snakegourd fruit is golden yellow;

s7, cutting roots, after fruit picking is completed, after leaves of snakegourd fruits completely fall down, ditching near one side of a planting box (1) to expose one side of the planting box (1), taking down a movable cover plate (2) on one side of the planting box (1), cutting off roots of the snakegourd fruits along a cutting groove (4) by using a cutter, temporarily keeping the cutter inside the cutting groove (4) to block soil on the upper portion of the cutter, simultaneously taking out the soil on the lower portion of the cutting groove (4) of the planting box (1) and the roots of the snakegourd fruits cut off, replacing fertilizer matrixes in a fertilizer pipe (3), filling new soil into the planting box (1), taking out the cutter to cover the movable cover plate (2), filling and ditching, and banking up the soil;

5. The planting method according to claim 4, wherein the fertilizer substrate in S3 is a mixed fertilizer of decomposed poultry manure, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, plant ash and wood chips, and the weight ratio of the decomposed poultry manure, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, plant ash and wood chips is 1.5: 0.5: 0.3: 0.2: 1: 3.

6. the planting method according to claim 4, wherein the stem pressing branches in S5 are released by the supporting units, and the branches are pulled downward and buried in the soil layer.