CN109422601A - Special fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for the Northeast's walnut plantation of changing - Google Patents
Special fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for the Northeast's walnut plantation of changing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109422601A CN109422601A CN201710786159.4A CN201710786159A CN109422601A CN 109422601 A CN109422601 A CN 109422601A CN 201710786159 A CN201710786159 A CN 201710786159A CN 109422601 A CN109422601 A CN 109422601A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of special fertilizer suitable for the Northeast's walnut plantation of changing, and the raw material including mixing cow dung, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulphate, borax is made；Wherein mix 720 ~ 750 parts of cow dung, 80 ~ 100 parts of urea, 70 ~ 90 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 70 ~ 90 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 ~ 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 3 ~ 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.5-1 parts of copper sulphate, 1-2 parts of borax；The mixing cow dung is that the fresh cow dung that water content is 80 ~ 90% and sawdust are formed according to weight ratio 3.5 ~ 4:1 mixed fermentation；The number is parts by weight.By walnut special fertilizer of the present invention be used to change the Northeast walnut plantation, it applies fertilizer to fruiting peach 9 ~ October, compared to conventional compound fertilizer, the phase applies fertilizer at the same time, and obtained fruit setting of walnut rate, per mu yield, kernel percent, crude fat and crude protein content is improved.Preparation method of the present invention is simple, is suitble to industrialized production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to walnut plantations, and in particular to a kind of suitable for the dedicated of the Northeast's fruiting walnut tree planting of changing
Fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Woody oleiferous plants industry is the industry given priority to during the agriculture supply side that the file of center 1 in 2017 determines is reformed,
And 10,000,000,000 grades of characteristic profitable agricultures that Chongqing municipal government emphasis is made, it has been included into " Chongqing City's national economy and social development
13rd five-year-plan outline ", intend through effort in 5 years, development is headed by walnut and oil tea, olive, oil are with tree peony etc.
2,750,000 mu of woody oleiferous plants, produce 30000 tons or so of high-quality woody edible oil per year.Walnut is main in Chongqing City's woody oleiferous plants industry
Development tree species, planting area focus primarily upon Chongqing the Northeast (such as entrance of the city), which is mostly mountainous region, and height above sea level height difference is big, suddenly
Slope, gradient 10-45 degree are subtropical monsoon climate district；Soil layer is relatively thin simultaneously, soil thickness 20-50cm；It has a moderate climate, rainfall
Plentifully, sunshine is more sufficient, makes a clear distinction between the four seasons, and the long summer in winter is short, 14 DEG C or so of long-term temperature on average, 36 DEG C of the highest temperature, the lowest temperature be-
6 DEG C, average 230 days or so frost-free period, at 160 days or so average annual rainfall day, averagely sunshine time is 1500 hours or so throughout the year, year
Equal 1250 millimeters or so of precipitation.However, Chongqing City's Walnut Industry Development is still in its infancy, corresponding research is weak, technology
Support lacks, and extensive operation is universal, and it is serious that replanting gently educates phenomenon, and low yield walnut woods large area is caused to exist.
Fertilising is highly important link in Walnut cultivation, and research and extension is suitble to the special fertilizer of local walnut,
Be realize walnut standardized production, scientific management, intensive management effective way, and both at home and abroad walnut cultivation totality
Trend.Chinese patent ZL201210100982.2 discloses a kind of Special organic fertilizer for walnuts and preparation method for special organic fertilizer and preparation method, is by constant weight
Weathered coal, wheat bran, capsicum granulated slag, stalk, urea, water, trichoderma bacteria culture fluid, phosphate fertilizer, iron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, copper fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, boron
Fertilizer fermentation is made, and improving to walnut Orchard Soil has good effect, but the walnut special fertilizer is primarily adapted for use in Shanxi area
Geology and weather conditions.Chinese patent ZL201010525691.9 discloses a kind of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special for walnut trees
And preparation method thereof, it is made of tobacco plant waste, urea, potassium sulfate, calcium magnesium phosphate, borax, zinc sulfate, it is young to being applied to
Age walnut, it is effective to promoting walnut to grow, but the walnut special fertilizer is primarily adapted for use in the geology and weather item of Yunnan Province
Part.Chinese patent 201210500070.4 discloses a kind of special with the first fruiting period walnut of the sources of manure such as calcium magnesium phosphate compatibility urea production
With blending fertilizer formula, component includes calcium magnesium phosphate, urea, monoammonium phosphate, particle general calcium, potassium chloride, belongs to chemical Blending Fertilizer,
But the walnut special fertilizer is primarily adapted for use in the geology and weather conditions of Henan area.Chinese patent ZL 201010189395.6
Disclose a kind of walnut special fertilizer as made of organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, humus and trace and REE elements, but also only for be
The walnut of Weibei Shaanxi hills arid biogeographic zone, effect is preferable, has biggish region limitation.These walnut special fertilizers are less suitable
The geology of the Northeast He Yu complexity, weather conditions.
In addition, walnut special fertilizer in the prior art focuses primarily upon production quantifier elimination, the quality of walnut plantation is paid close attention to
It is less.In order to improve the yield and quality of Chongqing the Northeast's walnut, the special fertilizer for being suitble to Chongqing the Northeast's walnut plantation is researched and developed, is
Chongqing Walnut Industry Development important link urgently to be solved at present.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind to be suitable for Chongqing the Northeast's walnut
The special fertilizer of plantation.
Unless otherwise specified, number of the present invention is parts by weight, and the percentage is weight percentage.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Walnut special fertilizer provided by the invention includes mixing cow dung, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium nitrate, sulfuric acid
Raw material including magnesium, copper sulphate, borax is made；Wherein mix 720~750 parts of cow dung, 80~100 parts of urea, monoammonium phosphate 70
~90 parts, 70~90 parts of potassium sulfate, 4~5 parts of calcium nitrate, 3~4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.5-1 parts of copper sulphate, 1-2 parts of borax；It is described
Mixing cow dung is that the fresh cow dung that water content is 80~90% and sawdust are formed according to weight ratio 3.5~4:1 mixed fermentation；Described part
Number is parts by weight.
Calcium nitrate of the present invention is four water-calcium nitrate, and magnesium sulfate is epsom salt, and copper sulphate is cupric sulfate pentahydrate.
An embodiment according to the present invention, walnut special fertilizer moisture content of the present invention are lower than 25%, the content of organic matter
Greater than 35%.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the fertilizing methods of above-mentioned walnut special fertilizer.Above-mentioned walnut special fertilizer is for changing
The walnut of the Northeast (the especially region height above sea level 800-1600m) is planted, to fruiting peach (the usual age of tree is greater than 5 years) in
Fertilising in 9~October.
Inventors be surprised to learn that walnut special fertilizer of the present invention is used to change (the especially area height above sea level 800-1600m, the Northeast
Domain) walnut plantation, apply fertilizer to fruiting peach 9~October, compared to conventional compound fertilizer, the phase applies fertilizer at the same time, obtains
Fruit setting of walnut rate is obviously increased with per mu yield, and kernel percent, crude fat and crude protein content are also improved to some extent.It can
See walnut plantation of the walnut special fertilizer of the present invention for the Northeast of changing, applies fertilizer to fruiting peach 9~October, not only
Yield is improved, the quality of walnut is also improved.
In order to further increase the yield and quality of Chongqing the Northeast's walnut, in the fertilizing method of above-mentioned walnut special fertilizer,
Above-mentioned walnut special fertilizer (base manure) is applied 9~October to fruiting peach, then carries out top dressing in month next year 3-4.
In order to further improve the yield and quality of Chongqing the Northeast's walnut, it is preferred that above-mentioned top dressing is by including mixing
Raw material including cow dung, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate is made；Wherein mix cow dung
470~500 parts, 230~250 parts of urea, 120~140 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 130~150 parts of potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate 0.3-0.7
Part, 0.5-1 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.3-0.7 parts of manganese sulfate；The mixing cow dung is the fresh cow dung and wood that water content is 80~90%
Bits are formed according to weight ratio 3.5~4:1 mixed fermentation；The number is parts by weight.
Zinc sulfate of the present invention is monohydrate zinc sulphate, and ferrous sulfate is ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and manganese sulfate is sulfuric acid monohydrate
Manganese.
Top dressing moisture content of the present invention is lower than 30%, and the content of organic matter is greater than 20%.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of walnut special fertilizer, including base manure and top dressing, it is characterised in that:
The base manure exists including mixing cow dung, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulphate, borax
Interior raw material is made；Wherein mix 720~750 parts of cow dung, 80~100 parts of urea, 70~90 parts of monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate 70~
90 parts, 4~5 parts of calcium nitrate, 3~4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.5-1 parts of copper sulphate, 1-2 parts of borax；The mixing cow dung is that water content is
80~90% fresh cow dung and sawdust are formed according to weight ratio 3.5~4:1 mixed fermentation；The calcium nitrate be four water-calcium nitrate,
Magnesium sulfate is epsom salt, copper sulphate is cupric sulfate pentahydrate；The base manure moisture content is lower than 25%, and the content of organic matter is greater than
35%；
The top dressing including mixing cow dung, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate by existing
Interior raw material is made；Wherein mix 470~500 parts of cow dung, 230~250 parts of urea, 120~140 parts of monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate
130~150 parts, 0.3-0.7 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.3-0.7 parts of manganese sulfate；The mixing cow dung is aqueous
Amount forms for 80~90% fresh cow dung and sawdust according to weight ratio 3.5~4:1 mixed fermentation；The zinc sulfate is sulfuric acid monohydrate
Zinc, ferrous sulfate are ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate is manganese sulfate monohydrate；The top dressing moisture content is lower than 30%, organic matter
Content is greater than 20%；The number is parts by weight；The percentage is weight ratio.
An embodiment according to the present invention, the preparation method of base manure uses following steps in above-mentioned walnut special fertilizer:
1) raw material mixes: taking water content is 80~90% fresh cow dung, by weight fresh cow dung with 3.5~4:1's of sawdust
Sawdust is added in ratio, is uniformly mixed using blender；
2) pile ferments: zymophyte is added in mixing cow dung obtained in step 1) and is mixed into pile-after-fermentation, until temperature reaches
When to 60 DEG C or more, stirred every 1~2 day primary；
3) inorganic nutrients are added: when step 2) pile fermentation temperature is reduced to 35~40 DEG C, addition inorganic nutrients (urea,
Monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulphate, borax), it is uniformly mixed, continues to ferment, until temperature drops to room temperature,
Both.
An embodiment according to the present invention, the preparation method of top dressing is using following in the above-mentioned dedicated dedicated fertilizer of walnut
Step:
1) raw material mixes: taking water content is 80~90% fresh cow dung, by weight fresh cow dung with 3.5~4:1's of sawdust
Sawdust is added in ratio, is uniformly mixed using blender；
2) pile ferments: zymophyte is added in mixing cow dung obtained in step 1) and is mixed into pile-after-fermentation, until temperature reaches
When to 60 DEG C or more, stirred every 1~2 day primary；
3) inorganic nutrients are added: when step 2) pile fermentation temperature is reduced to 35~40 DEG C, addition inorganic nutrients (urea,
Monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate), it is uniformly mixed, continues to ferment, until temperature drops to room temperature, both
?.
The utility model has the advantages that
1, nutrition is comprehensive, best in quality.Dedicated walnut dedicated fertilizer of the invention, nutrition is comprehensive, and organic matter is abundant,
Rich in microelement in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, iron, copper, manganese etc., the battalion in walnut growth and development each stage can be met
The demand of supporting promotes walnut preferably to grow.And after walnut dedicated fertilizer of the present invention is manured into soil, not only fertilizer efficiency is lasting, nutrient
Utilization rate is high, and germ, worm's ovum and harmful substance without work, nuisanceless, best in quality.
2, yield, improving quality are improved.Compared with unmanured walnut forest form, after applying walnut dedicated fertilizer of the invention
Fruit setting of walnut rate improves 47% or so, and per mu yield improves 90% or so；Compared with the walnut forest form for applying conventional compound fertilizer, apply
17% or so is improved with fruit setting of walnut rate after walnut dedicated fertilizer of the invention, per mu yield improves 36% or so.And go out
Benevolence rate has reached 50% or more, is significantly higher than the walnut for not applying fertilizer and applying compound fertilizer, and fruit is fuller.It is multiple with not applying fertilizer and applying
The walnut forest form ratio in Hefei, the crude fat and crude protein content for applying the walnut of dedicated fertilizer of the present invention are obviously improved,
Quality is more excellent.
3, cost is small, selling price is low.The raw material of walnut dedicated fertilizer of the present invention is easy to get, and preparation method letter
Single, quality controllable, operating technology is easily mastered, low production cost, and cost price is than the conventional compound fertilizer (N-P-K in market
=15-15-15) at least it is low go out 40%.
4, pollution is reduced, environment is protected.The present invention not only can solve the difficult problem of vaccary cow dung processing, reduce ox
Excrement discharges pollution to environment, and also no three wastes generates in production process, and after being manured into soil can also loose activating soil, water conservation
Fertilizer conservation improves ecological environment of soil.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is specifically described below by specific embodiment, it is pointed out here that following embodiment is served only for this hair
It is bright to be further described, it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention, the person skilled in the art of this field can root
Some nonessential modifications and adaptations are made to the present invention according to foregoing invention content.All raw materials of the present invention and reagent are commercially available
Product.Fresh cow dung source: fresh cow dung comes from Chongqing City Liangping Qu Hengjin Rou Nian farm, and the water content of fresh cow dung is 80-90%；
Sawdust source: sawdust comes from Chongqing City Liangping Qu Fujie wood-working factory, water content 15%-20%.
Embodiment 1
Walnut dedicated fertilizer is prepared by the raw material of following components by weight percent:
Base manure: mixing 750 parts of cow dung, 80 parts of urea, 90 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 70 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate 3
Part, 0.5 part of copper sulphate, 2 parts of borax；
Top dressing: mixing 480 parts of cow dung, 250 parts of urea, 140 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 130 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.7 part of zinc sulfate, sulphur
It is sour 0.5 part, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate ferrous.
Wherein base manure the preparation method is as follows:
The mixing of step 1) raw material: taking water content is 90% or so fresh cow dung, by weight the ratio of fresh cow dung and sawdust 4:1
Sawdust is added in example, is uniformly mixed using blender, obtains the mixing cow dung that water content is 75% or so；
The fermentation of step 2) pile: the zymophyte that 0.01% (10 tons plus 1kg) are added in cow dung obtained in step 1) is mixed
At pile-after-fermentation, until being stirred every 1~2 day primary when temperature reaches 60 DEG C or more.Wherein, biological inoculum uses Henan Province crane
" RW promotees rotten agent " of wall city Ren Yuan biotech development Co., Ltd production；
Step 3) inorganic nutrients are added: in step 2) preparation process, when fermentation temperature is reduced to 35~40 DEG C, urine is added
Element, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulphate, borax are uniformly mixed, cold fermentation, until temperature drops to room
Temperature obtains walnut base manure.It is examined referring to National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB18877-2009 " organic-inorganic complex fertilizer "
Survey moisture and organic matter of the invention.Through detecting, base manure moisture content 23.5%, the content of organic matter 37.5%.
Wherein top dressing the preparation method is as follows:
The mixing of step 1) raw material: taking water content is 90% or so fresh cow dung, by weight the ratio of fresh cow dung and sawdust 4:1
Sawdust is added in example, is uniformly mixed using blender, obtains the mixing cow dung that water content is 75% or so；
The fermentation of step 2) pile: the zymophyte that 0.01% (10 tons plus 1kg) are added in cow dung obtained in step 1) is mixed
At pile-after-fermentation, until being stirred every 1~2 day primary when temperature reaches 60 DEG C or more.Wherein, biological inoculum uses Henan Province crane
" RW promotees rotten agent " of wall city Ren Yuan biotech development Co., Ltd production；
Step 3) inorganic nutrients are added: in step 2) preparation process, when fermentation temperature is reduced to 35~40 DEG C, urine is added
Element, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate are uniformly mixed, and cold fermentation obtains until temperature drops to room temperature
To walnut top dressing.This hair is detected referring to National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB18877-2009 " organic-inorganic complex fertilizer "
Bright moisture and organic matter.Through detecting, top dressing moisture content 28.7%, the content of organic matter 21.5%.
Referring to embodiment 1, the walnut special fertilizer of embodiment 2-4 is prepared.
Embodiment 2
Walnut dedicated fertilizer is prepared by the raw material of following components by weight percent:
Base manure: mixing 740 parts of cow dung, 90 parts of urea, 80 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 80 parts of potassium sulfate, 4.5 parts of calcium nitrate, sulfuric acid
3.5 parts of magnesium, 0.7 part of copper sulphate, 1.5 parts of borax；
Top dressing: mixing 490 parts of cow dung, 240 parts of urea, 130 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 140 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.5 part of zinc sulfate, sulphur
It is sour 0.8 part, 0.5 part of manganese sulfate ferrous.
Base manure and top dressing during the preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.Through detecting, base manure moisture content is 24.4%, and organic matter contains
Amount 36.7%.Top dressing moisture content is 28.2%, the content of organic matter 22.8%.
Embodiment 3
Walnut dedicated fertilizer is prepared by the raw material of following components by weight percent:
Base manure: mixing 730 parts of cow dung, 100 parts of urea, 70 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 90 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate
4 parts, 1 part of copper sulphate, 1 part of borax；
Top dressing: mixing 500 parts of cow dung, 230 parts of urea, 120 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 150 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, sulphur
It is sour 1 part, 0.7 part of manganese sulfate ferrous.
Base manure and top dressing during the preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.Through detecting, base manure moisture content is 23.6%, and organic matter contains
Amount 36.1%.Top dressing moisture content is 27.9%, the content of organic matter 23.4%.
Embodiment 4
Walnut dedicated fertilizer is prepared by the raw material of following components by weight percent:
Mix 744 parts of cow dung, 85 parts of urea, 75 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 85 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of calcium nitrate, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, sulphur
0.8 part of sour copper, 1.2 parts of borax.
Base manure during the preparation method is the same as that of Example 1, through detecting, fertilizer moisture content is 23.6%, the content of organic matter
36.1%.
Embodiment 5
The square sample plot that 18 pieces of 20m × 20m are randomly choosed in walnut woods, carries out the fertilizer efficiency of walnut dedicated fertilizer of the present invention
Detection.Place is in the Chengkou County town Gao Guan, and 150 mu of the gross area.Walnut is 5 years raw grafting early-fruiting walnuts, and fruiting is gone into operation.Walnut
Hayashishita soil nutrient situation is shown in Table 1.October current year along walnut tree crown edge ring basal dressing, wherein 1-3 sample reality is applied
The base manure of the preparation of example 1 is applied, amount of application is 5 kilograms every plant；The base manure of the preparation of embodiment 2 is applied to 4-6 sample, amount of application is every plant
5 kilograms；Base manure prepared with embodiment 3 is applied to 7-9 sample, amount of application is 5 kilograms every plant；Apply embodiment 4 to 10-12 sample
The base manure of preparation, amount of application are 5 kilograms every plant；Apply to 13-15 sample the conventional compound fertilizer (N-P-K=that local self-employed tree cultivator uses
15-15-15), it is denoted as comparative example 1, amount of application is 2.5 kilograms every plant (local usual amounts)；It does not apply fertilizer 16-18 sample,
It is denoted as comparative example 2.Second year April along walnut tree crown edge ring spraying fertilizer, embodiment 1 is wherein applied to 1-3 sample
The top dressing of preparation, amount of application are 4 kilograms every plant；The base manure of the preparation of embodiment 2 is applied to 4-6 sample, amount of application is every plant 4 public
Jin；Base manure prepared with embodiment 3 is applied to 7-9 sample, amount of application is 4 kilograms every plant；10-12 sample ground not spraying fertilizer；13-15
The conventional compound fertilizer (N-P-K=15-15-15) that local self-employed tree cultivator uses is applied to number sample, i.e., comparative example 1, amount of application are every
2.5 kilograms (local usual amounts) of strain；It does not apply fertilizer 16-18 sample, i.e. comparative example 2.
The investigation of various kinds hairyfruit violet herb percentage of fertile fruit is carried out in second year the first tenday period of a month in May, late October carries out the tune of walnut yield
It looks into, concrete outcome is shown in Table 2.Acquisition various kinds hairyfruit violet herb takes back the survey that laboratory carries out kernel percent and the index of quality after yield investigation
It is fixed.Crude protein uses the measurement standard of GB/T 5009.5-2003 food thick protein, and crude fat uses GB/T 5009.6-
The measurement standard of 2003 food fats, specific Quality Detection the results are shown in Table 2.
1 walnut hayashishita soil nutrient status of table
Note: N, P, K are that soil is effective in table, the content that can be directly absorbed by plant.Through assay: this area's soil
Earth pH value is 6.7, is at a normal level (optimum value 6.5-7.5)；The content of organic matter is 22.1gkg-1, relatively low horizontal (best
Value 30-40gkg-1).Alkaline hydrolysis N content 62.4mgkg-1, cross low-level (optimum value 180-250mgkg-1)；Effective P content
7.4mg·kg-1, it is at a normal level (optimum value 7.0-10.0mgkg-1)；Active potassic content 58.3mgkg-1, relatively low level
(optimum value 80-100mgkg-1)。
Table 2 applies different embodiments compared with the yield and quality of walnut after reference examples fertilizer
| Percentage of fertile fruit (%) | Single fruit weight (g) | Kernel percent (%) | Per mu yield (kg) | Crude fat (%) | Crude protein (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 85.4 | 16.6 | 52.5 | 95.4 | 72.1 | 24.9 |
| Embodiment 2 | 91.2 | 16.1 | 50.3 | 106.7 | 71.4 | 24.3 |
| Embodiment 3 | 88.7 | 16.2 | 51.2 | 102.1 | 71.9 | 23.2 |
| Embodiment 4 | 80.4 | 15.5 | 47.1 | 78.5 | 71.2 | 22.3 |
| Comparative example 1 | 75.4 | 15.3 | 47.3 | 74.5 | 70.5 | 22.1 |
| Comparative example 2 | 60.3 | 13.9 | 45.6 | 53.4 | 69.3 | 20.5 |
From table 2 it can be seen that fruit setting of walnut rate, which is averagely higher by, does not apply fertilizer after the base manure of application special fertilizer of the present invention and top dressing
The walnut woods 47% or so of (comparative example 2) is higher by the walnut woods 17% or so for applying compound fertilizer's (comparative example 1), flower and fruit protecting effect
Obviously.And the base manure of special fertilizer of the present invention is only applied, spraying fertilizer, fruit setting of walnut rate are not higher by unmanured 33% left side of walnut woods averagely
The right side is higher by the walnut woods 7% or so for applying compound fertilizer；After base manure and the top dressing of applying special fertilizer of the present invention, the single fruit of walnut dry fruit
Weighed 16g or more, is significantly higher than the walnut for not applying fertilizer and applying compound fertilizer.And only the walnut dry fruit single fruit weight of basal dressing with apply
Compound fertilizer's difference is unobvious, but still noticeably greater than unmanured walnut；After base manure and the top dressing of applying special fertilizer of the present invention, walnut
Kernel percent has reached 50% or more, is significantly higher than the walnut for not applying fertilizer and applying compound fertilizer, and fruit is fuller.And only apply the present invention
The base manure of special fertilizer, not spraying fertilizer, walnut kernel percent are still higher than the walnut not applied fertilizer, but unknown with the walnut difference of applying compound fertilizer
It is aobvious；After base manure and the top dressing of applying special fertilizer of the present invention, it is left that walnut dry fruit per mu yield is averagely higher by unmanured walnut woods 90%
The right side is higher by the walnut woods 36% or so for applying compound fertilizer, and effect of increasing production is obvious.And the base manure of special fertilizer of the present invention is only applied, it does not apply and chases after
Fertilizer, walnut dry fruit per mu yield are averagely higher by unmanured walnut woods 47% or so, are higher by the walnut woods 5% or so for applying compound fertilizer,
Effect is unobvious；After base manure and the top dressing of applying special fertilizer of the present invention, the crude fat and crude protein content of walnut be above 2 it is right
Ratio is obviously improved, and quality is more excellent.And the base manure of special fertilizer of the present invention is only applied, and not spraying fertilizer, the crude fat of walnut and thick
What protein content did not applied fertilizer still significantly higher than, but compared with applying compound fertilizer, effect is unobvious.And, it has been found that application is originally
The Walnut color of invention dedicated fertilizer is greener, and blade thickness, branches and leaves are more luxuriant, shows obvious better growing way.
The invention discloses one kind to be suitble to Chongqing the Northeast's walnut dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof, and the dedicated fertilizer nutrient is complete
Face, proportion is rationally, with strong points, and is rich in a variety of middle microelements, is conducive to the promotion of walnut yield and quality.The present invention
Efficiently solve the problems, such as that the processing of vaccary cow dung is difficult, and the walnut fertilizer organic matter prepared is abundant, it can also after being manured into soil
Loose activating soil, retain water and nutrients.Walnut dedicated fertilizer preparation method of the present invention is simple, quality controllable, and to environment without dirt
Dye.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of walnut special fertilizer, including mixing cow dung, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulphate,
Raw material including borax is made；Wherein mix 720 ~ 750 parts of cow dung, 80 ~ 100 parts of urea, 70 ~ 90 parts of monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate
70 ~ 90 parts, 4 ~ 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 3 ~ 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.5-1 parts of copper sulphate, 1-2 parts of borax；The mixing cow dung is water content
It is formed for 80 ~ 90% fresh cow dung and sawdust according to weight ratio 3.5 ~ 4:1 mixed fermentation；The number is parts by weight.
2. walnut special fertilizer as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the calcium nitrate is four water-calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate seven
Water magnesium sulfate, copper sulphate are cupric sulfate pentahydrate.
3. walnut special fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the walnut special fertilizer moisture content is lower than 25%,
The content of organic matter is greater than 35%.
4. the fertilizing method of walnut special fertilizer as described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that: the walnut special fertilizer is used
Walnut plantation in Chongqing the Northeast applies fertilizer to fruiting peach 9 ~ October.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the walnut special fertilizer is for the Northeast intermediate altitude 800- that changes
The walnut in the region 1600m is planted, and is applied fertilizer to fruiting peach 9 ~ October.
6. the fertilizing method of walnut special fertilizer as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that: the walnut special fertilizer is for changing
The walnut of the Northeast is planted, and is applied fertilizer to fruiting peach 9 ~ October, is then carried out top dressing in month next year 3-4.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the top dressing by include mixing cow dung, urea, monoammonium phosphate,
Raw material including potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate is made；Wherein mix 470 ~ 500 parts of cow dung, urea 230 ~ 250
Part, 120 ~ 140 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 130 ~ 150 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.3-0.7 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 parts of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate
0.3-0.7 parts；The mixing cow dung is fresh cow dung and sawdust that water content is 80 ~ 90% according to weight ratio 3.5 ~ 4:1 mixed fermentation
It forms；The number is parts by weight.
8. a kind of walnut special fertilizer, including base manure and top dressing, it is characterised in that:
The base manure is including mixing cow dung, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulphate, borax
Raw material is made；Wherein mix 720 ~ 750 parts of cow dung, 80 ~ 100 parts of urea, 70 ~ 90 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 70 ~ 90 parts of potassium sulfate, nitre
4 ~ 5 parts of sour calcium, 3 ~ 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.5-1 parts of copper sulphate, 1-2 parts of borax；It is 80 ~ 90% that the mixing cow dung, which is water content,
Fresh cow dung and sawdust are formed according to weight ratio 3.5 ~ 4:1 mixed fermentation；The calcium nitrate is four water-calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate is seven water
Magnesium sulfate, copper sulphate are cupric sulfate pentahydrate；The base manure moisture content is lower than 25%, and the content of organic matter is greater than 35%；
The top dressing is by including mixing cow dung, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate
Raw material is made；Wherein mix 470 ~ 500 parts of cow dung, 230 ~ 250 parts of urea, 120 ~ 140 parts of monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate 130 ~ 150
Part, 0.3-0.7 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.3-0.7 parts of manganese sulfate；The mixing cow dung be water content be 80 ~
90% fresh cow dung and sawdust are formed according to weight ratio 3.5 ~ 4:1 mixed fermentation；The zinc sulfate is monohydrate zinc sulphate, sulfuric acid Asia
Iron is ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate is manganese sulfate monohydrate；The top dressing moisture content is lower than 30%, and the content of organic matter is greater than
20%；The number is parts by weight；The percentage is weight ratio.
9. walnut special fertilizer as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the base manure is prepared using following steps:
1) raw material mixes: taking water content is that 80 ~ 90% fresh cow dung adds by weight the ratio of 3.5 ~ 4:1 of fresh cow dung and sawdust
Enter sawdust, is uniformly mixed using blender；
2) pile ferments: zymophyte is added in mixing cow dung obtained in step 1) and is mixed into pile-after-fermentation, until temperature reaches 60
DEG C or more when, stirred every 1 ~ 2 day primary；
3) inorganic nutrients are added: when step 2 pile fermentation temperature is reduced to 35 ~ 40 DEG C, inorganic nutrients (urea, phosphoric acid one is added
Ammonium, potassium sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulphate, borax), it is uniformly mixed, continues to ferment, until temperature drops to room temperature, both.
10. walnut special fertilizer as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the top dressing is prepared using following steps:
1) raw material mixes: taking water content is that 80 ~ 90% fresh cow dung adds by weight the ratio of 3.5 ~ 4:1 of fresh cow dung and sawdust
Enter sawdust, is uniformly mixed using blender；
2) pile ferments: zymophyte is added in mixing cow dung obtained in step 1) and is mixed into pile-after-fermentation, until temperature reaches 60
DEG C or more when, stirred every 1 ~ 2 day primary；
3) inorganic nutrients are added: when step 2 pile fermentation temperature is reduced to 35 ~ 40 DEG C, inorganic nutrients (urea, phosphoric acid one is added
Ammonium, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate), it is uniformly mixed, continues to ferment, until temperature drops to room temperature, both.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710786159.4A CN109422601A (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-04 | Special fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for the Northeast's walnut plantation of changing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710786159.4A CN109422601A (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-04 | Special fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for the Northeast's walnut plantation of changing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109422601A true CN109422601A (en) | 2019-03-05 |
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ID=65513392
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710786159.4A Withdrawn CN109422601A (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-04 | Special fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for the Northeast's walnut plantation of changing |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104446841A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-25 | 镇江市官塘生态农业有限公司 | Special fertilizer for peach trees as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104446845A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-03-25 | 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所 | Special fertilizer for walnut and preparation method of fertilizer |
| CN107041271A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-15 | 宾川拉乌峨溪核桃金果有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of walnut |
-
2017
- 2017-09-04 CN CN201710786159.4A patent/CN109422601A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104446841A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-25 | 镇江市官塘生态农业有限公司 | Special fertilizer for peach trees as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104446845A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-03-25 | 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所 | Special fertilizer for walnut and preparation method of fertilizer |
| CN107041271A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-15 | 宾川拉乌峨溪核桃金果有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of walnut |
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Application publication date: 20190305 |