CN109275472A - A kind of standardized planting method of organic healthy papaya - Google Patents
A kind of standardized planting method of organic healthy papaya Download PDFInfo
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- CN109275472A CN109275472A CN201811188341.0A CN201811188341A CN109275472A CN 109275472 A CN109275472 A CN 109275472A CN 201811188341 A CN201811188341 A CN 201811188341A CN 109275472 A CN109275472 A CN 109275472A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to crops Healthy culture controlling disease fields, disclose a kind of standardized planting method of organic healthy papaya, comprising: the Trinitarian organic papaya cultivation comprehensive management technology of crop-soil-Tiny ecosystem of the disease-resistant technology of organic inductive, ferment organic fertilizer technique, microbial ecological regulation technology.The present invention is that the comprehensive papaya that solves produces the problems such as serious, at high cost, poor quality, low economic benefit occur for upper mosaic virus, realizes that papaya is high-quality, high yield, highly resistance, ecology, the optimum technology of safety in production；At low cost, fertilizer efficiency is high, and quality is excellent, averagely increases production 30% or more, increases by 30% or more economic benefit；Induction improves disease resistance comprehensively, prevents various pest and disease damages in advance, basic to realize zero pesticide；Make the quality improving of agricultural product, zero chemical substance and zero pesticide residue；Fertilizer residue object and the nondecomposable each substance in soil are efficiently thoroughly decomposed, soil aggregate structure is increased, retain water and nutrients improve soil quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crops Healthy culture controlling disease field more particularly to a kind of marks of organic healthy papaya
Standardization cultural method.
Background technique
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) originates in Central America area, is distributed widely in America, Asia, Africa and big
The tropical and subtropical region in foreign continent, the value such as edible, medicine with higher, ornamental, in China Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, cloud
There is plantation on the ground such as south, Fujian, Guangdong.Papaya virosis is the key constraints in current papaya production.Currently,
The papaya virus for causing disease is mainly papaya deformity mosaic virus (Papaya leaf-distortion mosaic
Virus, PLDMV) and papaya ring spot mosaic virus (Papaya Ring-spot Virus, PRSV), belong to potato Y
Viraceae potyvirus, all using Caricaceae and cucurbitaceous plant as main host plants.In nature, mainly with
Cotten aphid and black peach aphid are that medium is propagated with non-persistent manner, can also be connect by mechanical damage (frictional inoculation etc.) mode
Kind.In recent years, with the popularization of the anti-PRSV kind of transgenosis, the disease incidence of PRSV is declined, and PLDMV is a dark horse,
The disease incidence cumulative year after year of Hainan Island mixed infection, basic total crop failure total crop failure, though plant part can as a result, the sugar content of fruit it is low,
Flavor decline.The current main control method of PRSV and PLDMV, which has, selects more resistance to, disease-resistant variety, while reinforcing cultivation management,
Improve the disease resistance of plant, pest control with insecticide and physical isolation and trapping aphid etc..But since virus breeding is fast, variation is fast, turn base
Because disease-resistant variety and some chemical viral agents fail quickly；And the type of aphid vector much and for perishability is propagated,
Not only effect is undesirable for pesticide method, also will affect quality of agricultural product and human habitat.Only improve plant in all directions
Growing environment, activation plant disease resistance, nutrition general equilibrium are stablized, could efficient disease-resistance, good quality and high output.It has now been found that one
Different types of the biological pesticide such as lentinans, chitosan such as a little safety, non-harmful plant source, animal sources and microbial source
Class, Ningnanmycin etc. have preferable control efficiency to the virosis of crop.Ferment, that is, enzyme (enzyme) is people, animal and plant
The necessary material of object vital movement.Ferment bacterium (BYM, bacteria yeast mold) is to isolate and purify to obtain from nature
Include that more than bacterium, actinomyces, 3 major class 20 of fungi can generate the beneficial microbe group of highly active hydrolyzable enzyme.
Ferment bacterium has very strong aerobic fermentation ability, and various organic substances can be catalytically decomposed rapidly, be allowed in a short time
The ingredient i.e. ferment bacterium fertilizer for utilizing is transformed into, soil can be changed, increase fertility of land, decompose the organic matter containing toxin,
It is allowed to nontoxic, harmless, is to improve soil and provide the promising approach of nutrition for plant.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is: papaya disease is serious, poor quality, low output, benefit are low.
Summary of the invention
The problem of for existing production, the present invention pass through crop-Trinitarian synthesis of soil-Tiny ecosystem
Regulation, the problems such as solving papaya disease serious, poor quality, low output, low benefit, realize high-quality, high yield, highly resistance, ecology,
Safety.
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of standardized planting sides of organic healthy papaya
Method.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of standardized planting method of organic healthy papaya, the organic healthy kind
The method of the standardized planting of pawpaw the following steps are included:
Step 1: organic using from the horse's mouth safe straw, animal excrements and ferment strain production ferment
Fertilizer uses sufficient base fertilizer, improves soil physics, chemistry and biological character comprehensively.
The production method of ferment organic fertilizer: by rice bran (or wheat bran) 30kg, dried poultrymanure (or sheep dung) 10kg, ferment bacterium 3-
5kg is mixed evenly, and is uniformly sprinkling upon on the stalk 1000kg of the chopping of water content about 50-60%, stirs evenly, be piled into
Chevron.Respectively at the 7th day, the 17th day, progress turning in the 27th day, 10 days maturations after turning, for use.
Step 2: antiviral agents spraying treatment is induced using chitosan oligosaccharide (1.0g/L), Ningnanmycin (0.05g/L) etc., is promoted
Vine growth and development, and plant resistance is induced, Optimal Growing metabolism improves immunocompetence；
Step 3: it using bacillus subtilis and trichoderma antagonistic microbe (300 times of liquid) spray leaf and pouring root, adjusts
Rhizosphere and phyllospheric microganism structure of community；
Step 4: using enzyme liquid spray leaf and pouring root, fast, slow, steady, long, full nutrient is provided to plant.Ferment
The production method of liquid is:
Various green plantss are cut into 5-10cm segment, is put into container and gently presses, until 80% volume of container.By ferment
Plain bacterium 3kg, rice bran 3kg, soya-bean cake or chicken sheep dung 10kg, water 200L are mixed well, and inject container.Breathable lid is covered, often
It stirs a few minutes with clean stick.Start to ferment after 2-3 days, there is bubble formation, water is in dark green.Greenery table after 3-5 days
Face starts to decompose, for use.It pulls greenery residue out, only stays green juice.10 times of dilution is poured water.6-7L stoste per acre.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows:At low cost, fertilizer efficiency is high, and quality is excellent, averagely increases production 30%
More than, increase by 30% or more economic benefit；Can induce comprehensively papaya plant improve disease resistance, the various pest and disease damages of prevention and control, substantially
Realize zero pesticide；It can make the quality improving of agricultural product, zero chemical substance and zero pesticide residue, reach organic green food requirement；
Fertilizer residue object and the nondecomposable each substance in soil are efficiently thoroughly decomposed, soil aggregate structure is increased, water conservation is protected
Fertilizer improves soil quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the standardized planting method flow chart of organic healthy papaya provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with the following Examples, to this hair
It is bright to be further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Application principle of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.The seemingly repetition of previous contents
As shown in Figure 1, the standardized planting method of organic healthy papaya provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes following step
It is rapid:
S101: making ferment organic fertilizer using from the horse's mouth safe straw, animal excrements and ferment strain,
Base fertilizer is used sufficient, improves soil physics, chemistry and biological character comprehensively；
S102: it induces antiviral agents to promote vine growth and development using chitosan oligosaccharide, Ningnanmycin etc., and induces plant degeneration-resistant
Property, Optimal Growing metabolism improves immunocompetence；
S103: using the antagonistic microbes such as bacillus subtilis and trichoderma spray leaf and pouring root, rhizosphere and phyllosphere are adjusted
Biological community structure；
S104: using enzyme liquid spray leaf and pouring root, fast, slow, steady, long, full nutrient is provided to plant.
Application principle of the invention is further described combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1:
By the way of making papaya between capsicum, the 2017.9-11 month transplants in Hainan Province Wenchang City town Gong Po base and plants
Capsicum and papaya seedling, observe capsicum (2017.11-2018.4) and the long equal items of papaya (2018-2019) growing way refer to
Mark.Big row spacing 90cm, plants 2 row capsicums, and small row spacing 90cm plants 1 row papaya, furrow width 30cm, bandwidth 2.6m.Capsicum spacing in the rows 30-
35cm, papaya spacing in the rows 1.5m.3 mu of crop fields amount to 6000 plants of capsicums, 700 plants of papaya.Capsicum uses screw green pepper kind, kind
Pawpaw turns kind using non-.After transplanting until September (fruiting period, in August, 2018), the hair of papaya mosaic virus disease
Raw rate is 0, significant with disease high rate (60%-90%) comparison in traditional cultivation crop field.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of standardized planting method of organic healthy papaya, which is characterized in that the standard of the organic healthy papaya
Change cultivation method the following steps are included:
Step 1: ferment organic fertilizer is made using from the horse's mouth safe straw, animal excrements and ferment strain, is used sufficient
Base fertilizer improves soil physics, chemistry and biological character comprehensively；
Step 2: being promoted vine growth and development, and induced plant resistance using chitosan oligosaccharide, Ningnanmycin induction antiviral agents, excellent
Change growth metabolism, improves immunocompetence；
Step 3: using bacillus subtilis and trichoderma antagonistic microbe spray leaf and pouring root, rhizosphere and the micro- life of phyllosphere are adjusted
Object structure of community；
Step 4: using enzyme liquid spray leaf and pouring root, fast, slow, steady, long, full nutrient is provided to plant.
2. the standardized planting method of organic healthy papaya as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1 ferment
The production method of plain organic fertilizer: rice bran or wheat bran 30kg, dried poultrymanure or sheep dung 10kg, ferment bacterium 3-5kg are mixed, are sprinkling upon
On the stalk 1000kg of the chopping of water content 50-60%, stirs evenly, be piled into chevron；Respectively at the 7th day, the 17th day, the 27th
Its progress turning, 10 days maturations after turning, for use.
3. the standardized planting method of organic healthy papaya as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2:
Antiviral agents spraying treatment is induced using chitosan oligosaccharide 1.0g/L, Ningnanmycin 0.05g/L etc..
4. the standardized planting method of organic healthy papaya as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3 is adopted
With 300 times of liquid spray leaves of bacillus subtilis and trichoderma antagonistic microbe and pouring root.
5. the standardized planting method of organic healthy papaya as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 4 ferment
The production method of plain liquid is: various green plantss being cut into 5-10cm segment, is put into container and gently presses, 80% until container holds
Product；Ferment bacterium 3kg, rice bran 3kg, soya-bean cake or chicken sheep dung 10kg, water 200L are mixed well, container is injected；Cover breathable
Lid stirs a few minutes with clean stick daily；Start to ferment after 2-3 days, there is bubble formation, water is in dark green；After 3-5 days
Greenery surface starts to decompose, for use；It pulls greenery residue out, only stays green juice.10 times of dilution is poured water；6-7L stoste per acre.
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