CN109259249A - 一种预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN109259249A
CN109259249A CN201811099815.4A CN201811099815A CN109259249A CN 109259249 A CN109259249 A CN 109259249A CN 201811099815 A CN201811099815 A CN 201811099815A CN 109259249 A CN109259249 A CN 109259249A
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parts
gout
hyperuricemia
functional food
raw material
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吴欣江
鲁莹莹
胡娟
李耀辉
李文辉
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Optics Valley (wuhan) Chronic Disease Research Institute Co Ltd
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Optics Valley (wuhan) Chronic Disease Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种预防并改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品及其制备方法和应用，其中该功能食品包括以下重量份数的各原料：乳清蛋白粉9‑12份；杏仁10‑15份；核桃仁8‑13份；藜麦17‑22份；蕃茄粉11‑15份；紫薯粉8‑15份；黄原胶5‑8份；菊粉0.9‑1.4份；魔芋精粉0.6‑1.8份；果糖1.5‑2.6份；葡萄籽提取物0.05‑0.09份；橄榄果提取物0.03‑0.07份；复合维生素0.03‑0.06份；复合矿物质0.03‑0.08份。优点为，该功能食品优选地中海天然食物来源，具有地中海饮食结构特点，适用于有潜在罹患或已罹患高尿酸血症或痛风的人群，可减少发病风险或有效控制病情。

Description

一种预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品及其制备方法和 应用
技术领域
本发明属于高尿酸血症/痛风预防食疗领域，具体涉及一种预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
高尿酸血症是指人体内一种称作嘌呤的物质代谢发生了紊乱，导致其代谢产物尿酸的合成增加或者排出减少，进而引起血尿酸升高，造成高尿酸血症。血尿酸水平超过其在人体中的溶解度，尿酸就会以钠盐的形式沉积在身体内的各种组织和器官中，进而诱发痛风。痛风发作时引起关节畸形、骨质破坏、痛风石的形成。痛风的危害不仅仅表现为反复发作的关节炎，他可以引起慢性肾病、泌尿系结石、梗组性肾病，最终可以发展成为尿毒症。随着生活方式的改变，高尿酸血症已经成为继高血压、高血糖、高血脂之后的第四高，已经成为继糖尿病之后严重危害人类健康的第二大代谢性疾病。目前我国高尿酸血症患者达1.2亿，痛风患者1700万。痛风早期发作间歇期没有任何症状，单纯表现为高尿酸血症，往往不会引起患者的重视，目前医疗水平只能对痛风病情进行控制而不能根除，而阵痛和降尿酸类的药物长期摄入会对人体器官造成损伤，不利于人体健康。近来，临床研究表明对高尿酸血症/痛风患者进行饮食干预摄入低嘌呤或碱性食物具有一定的预防和改善效果。
研究表明，膳食结构越接近地中海膳食，其血尿酸含量越低。人体尿酸水平与红肉摄入量成正比，与奶类产品尤其是低脂奶类的摄入量成反比，即膳食中红肉摄入量过多其血尿酸值会偏高，相反，低脂奶产品摄入较多，其血尿酸值偏低；此外，膳食中摄入较多的蔬菜与Vc能够降低患者血尿酸并降低痛风风险。碱性食物摄入能够有效促进尿酸的排泄，从而降低血液中尿酸的含量，降低痛风发生风险。地中海膳食结构能够有效的预防慢性疾病，包括高尿酸血症/痛风、肥胖、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病等。地中海膳食是指居住在地中海沿岸国家（希腊、葡萄牙、西班牙、法国、意大利等14国）的膳食模式，一般是以希腊为代表，该种饮食是以植物性食物为主要膳食来源，包括水果、蔬菜、全谷物、豆类、坚果、少量的动物性食物，其膳食结构以高摄入水果、蔬菜、豆类、坚果、橄榄油；适量摄入奶类产品和红酒；少量摄入红肉和加工肉类、黄油、奶油、含糖饮料等，该种饮食结构富含丰富的多酚类、高比例的不饱和脂肪酸、Omega-3脂肪酸、多种膳食纤维、人体必需的矿物质和维生素、优质蛋白质等。研究表明，该种膳食结构以其碱性食物组成及低嘌呤含量能够降低高尿酸血症和痛风的发生风险。
目前，国内对高尿酸血症和痛风疾病预防意识不足，对具有地中海膳食特点的代餐食品的研究和开发鲜少，国内针对高尿酸血症和痛风患者设计的代餐食品并未涉及到地中海膳食概念，且配方复杂，工艺繁琐，或者营养成分单一，添加较多食品添加剂或者镇痛、简化尿液的药物成分，不利于患者病情控制。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品及其制备方法和应用，该功能食品具有地中海膳食特点，旨在让具有潜在罹患高尿酸血症和痛风的人群减少患病风险并让已罹患高尿酸血症和痛风的人群减轻改善症状、有效控制病情。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种预防改善高尿酸血症/痛风患者的功能食品，其特包括以下重量份数的各原料：乳清蛋白粉9-12份；杏仁 10-15份；核桃仁8-13份；藜麦17-22份；蕃茄粉11-15份；紫薯粉8-15份；黄原胶5-8份；菊粉0.9-1.4份；魔芋精粉0.6-1.8份；果糖1.5-2.6份；葡萄籽提取物0.05-0.09份；橄榄果提取物0.03-0.07份；复合维生素0.03-0.06份；复合矿物质0.03-0.08份。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以有如下进一步的具体选择。
具体的，所述复合维生素包括按照1-6：1-3：1的重量比例混合的维生素A、维生素D和维生素B12。
具体的，所述复合矿物质包括按照1-3：1的重量比例混合的氯化铬和碘化钾。
本发明还提供了上述的预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品的制备方法，其包括如下步骤：
取相应重量份的杏仁和核桃仁一起在110-140℃下翻炒8-12min,冷却至室温后，破碎处理至粒径为8-10目的颗粒状原料A；将其余原料一起充分混合得粉状原料B;将原料A和原料B充分混合；然后在-15℃至-20℃的超低温下挤压成型，然后将温度调整至4-10℃，切片、杀菌并包装即得。
具体的，切片是指将成型且温度调整后的原料切成3.2cmx1.5cmx7.8cm的长条状。
具体的，杀菌采用紫外线灭菌处理或臭氧灭菌处理。其中紫外线灭菌处理是紫外线灯管的辐射强度在90μw/cm2以上，温度控制为20-40℃，照射时间不低于45min；臭氧灭菌处理的具体条件为，控制环境中臭氧浓度80-100mg/m3，处理时间控制在60min以上。
本发明还提供了上述的上述的预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品的应用，具体为用作有潜在罹患风险或已罹患高尿酸血症和/或痛风的人群的代餐食品，该代餐食品为低嘌呤食物，其嘌呤含量为10-20mg/100g。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明提供的功能食品优选地中海天然食物来源，选取食物干燥原粉，不含添加剂，含有人体所需全营养成分，适口性好，方便携带，解决了亚洲人群难以实现地中海饮食结构这一难题；本发明提供的功能食品可有效预防人们罹患高尿酸血症和痛风，并可改善高尿酸血症/痛风患者病情，是一种健康食品，适用于绝大多数的人群，尤其适用于有潜在罹患或已罹患高尿酸血症/痛风患者的人群，可减少发病风险及帮助已发病的高尿酸血症/痛风患者有效控制病情。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
以下实施例中用到的原料若无特别说明均为市售产品，用到的方法若无特别说明均为常规方法。着重要说明的是，橄榄果提取物即橄榄青果提取物，其为棕黄色粉末状。
实施例1
一种预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品，其包括以下重量份数的各原料：乳清蛋白粉10份；杏仁12份；核桃仁10份；藜麦20份；蕃茄粉13份；紫薯粉12份；黄原胶6份；菊粉1.2份；魔芋精粉1.0份；果糖2.0份；葡萄籽提取物0.06份；橄榄果提取物0.03份；复合维生素0.04份；复合矿物质0.04份；其中，所述复合维生素包括按照1：1：1的重量比例混合的维生素A、维生素D和维生素B12；所述复合矿物质包括按照3：1的重量比例混合的氯化铬和碘化钾。
相应的制备方法为：取相应重量份的杏仁和核桃仁一起在110℃下翻炒12min,冷却至室温后，破碎处理至粒径为8目的颗粒状原料A；将其余原料一起充分混合得粉状原料B;将原料A和原料B充分混合；然后在-20℃的超低温下挤压成型，然后将温度调整至4-10℃，切片、杀菌并包装即得；其中，切片是指将成型且温度调整后的原料切成3.2cmx1.5cmx7.8cm的长条状。
实施例2
一种预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品，其包括以下重量份数的各原料：乳清蛋白粉9份；杏仁15份；核桃仁13份；藜麦 20份；蕃茄粉15份；紫薯粉15份；黄原胶8份；菊粉1.4份；魔芋精粉1.8份；果糖2.6份；葡萄籽提取物0.09份；橄榄果提取物0.07份；复合维生素0.06份；复合矿物质0.08份；其中，所述复合维生素包括按照4： 3：1的重量比例混合的维生素A、维生素D和维生素B12；所述复合矿物质包括按照1：1的重量比例混合的氯化铬和碘化钾。
相应的制备方法为：取相应重量份的杏仁和核桃仁一起在140℃下翻炒8min,冷却至室温后，破碎处理至粒径为10目的颗粒状原料A；将其余原料一起充分混合得粉状原料B;将原料A和原料B充分混合；然后在-15℃的超低温下挤压成型，然后将温度调整至4-10℃，切片、杀菌并包装即得；其中，切片是指将成型且温度调整后的原料切成3.2cmx1.5cmx7.8cm的长条状。
实施例3
一种预防改善高尿酸血症/痛风的功能食品，其特包括以下重量份数的各原料：乳清蛋白粉12份；杏仁10份；核桃仁8份；藜麦 17份；蕃茄粉11份；紫薯粉8份；黄原胶5份；菊粉0.9份；魔芋精粉0.6份；果糖1.5份；葡萄籽提取物0.05份；橄榄果提取物0.03份；复合维生素0.03份；复合矿物质0.03份；其中，所述复合维生素包括按照6： 3：1的重量比例混合的维生素A、维生素D和维生素B12；所述复合矿物质包括按照2：1的重量比例混合的氯化铬和碘化钾。
相应的制备方法为：取相应重量份的夏威夷果仁和核桃仁一起在125℃下翻炒10min,冷却至室温后，破碎处理至粒径为8目的颗粒状原料A；将其余原料一起充分混合得粉状原料B;将原料A和原料B充分混合；然后在-20℃的超低温下挤压成型，然后将温度调整至4-10℃，切片、杀菌并包装即得；其中，切片是指将成型且温度调整后的原料切成3.2cmx1.5cmx7.8cm的长条状。
申请人招募了120名罹患高尿酸血症或痛风的受试者，受试者分为四组，其中前三组对应食用本发明提供的上述三个实施例中的功能食品（每天至少有一餐仅食用上述的功能食品，其余各餐清淡饮食即可），第四组为对照组（饮食仅控制清淡目标，少油且少肉，与前三组清淡饮食相同），持续一个月或更长时间后，经过观察发现，前三组受试者中的高尿酸血症患者的血尿酸水平的平均值明显低于第四组，同时对于痛风患者的受试者，前三组在疼痛、红肿、水肿等痛风症状方面明显比第四组受试者要轻微，改善效果明显。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品，其特征在于，包括以下重量份数的各原料：乳清蛋白粉9-12份；杏仁 10-15份；核桃仁8-13份；藜麦17-22份；蕃茄粉11-15份；紫薯粉8-15份；黄原胶5-8份；菊粉0.9-1.4份；魔芋精粉0.6-1.8份；果糖1.5-2.6份；葡萄籽提取物0.05-0.09份；橄榄果提取物0.03-0.07份；复合维生素0.03-0.06份；复合矿物质0.03-0.08份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品，其特征在于，所述复合维生素包括按照1-6：1-3：1的重量比例混合的维生素A、维生素D和维生素B12。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品，其特征在于，所述复合矿物质包括按照1-3：1的重量比例混合的氯化铬和碘化钾。
4.一种如权利要求 1至3任一项所述的预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
取相应重量份的杏仁和核桃仁一起在110-140℃下翻炒8-12min,冷却至室温后，破碎处理至粒径为8-10目的颗粒状原料A；将其余原料一起充分混合得粉状原料B;将原料A和原料B充分混合；然后在-15℃至-20℃的超低温下挤压成型，然后将温度调整至4-10℃，切片、杀菌并包装即得。
5.根据权利要求 4所述的一种预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品的制备方法，其特征在于，切片是指将成型且温度调整后的原料切成3.2cmx1.5cmx7.8cm的长条状。
6.根据权利要求 4所述的一种预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品的制备方法，其特征在于，杀菌采用紫外线灭菌处理或臭氧灭菌处理。
7.一种如权利要求 1至3任一项所述的预防改善高尿酸血症和痛风的功能食品的应用，其特征在于，用作有潜在罹患风险或已罹患高尿酸血症和/或痛风的人群的代餐食品，该代餐食品为低嘌呤食物，其嘌呤含量为10-20mg/100g。
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