CN109258372A - A method of domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil - Google Patents
A method of domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109258372A CN109258372A CN201811055535.3A CN201811055535A CN109258372A CN 109258372 A CN109258372 A CN 109258372A CN 201811055535 A CN201811055535 A CN 201811055535A CN 109258372 A CN109258372 A CN 109258372A
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- paeonia papaveracea
- ridging
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- tree peony
- protection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The present invention relates to flowers to cultivate field; there is provided a kind of method of domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil: First Year, mid or late September to early October introduce a fine variety raw Paeonia papaveracea transplantation of seedlings in 3~4 years to coldly; when temperature is down to 0 DEG C or less, complete stool ridging protection is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea；Next year releases ridging and is cultivated, and dredges in cultivation and the bud of Paeonia papaveracea is gone not enable it bloom；When temperature is down to 0 DEG C or less, to half plant of ridging protection of Paeonia papaveracea, part of not earthing up is twined with polybag ties up protection；Third year, the ridging and polybag for releasing Paeonia papaveracea are cultivated；When temperature is down to 0 DEG C or less, base portion ridging protection is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea plant, soil covers 1/3 or less plant height；4th year, release ridging cultivation Paeonia papaveracea.Tree peony after the method for the invention domestication is not necessarily to the protections operation such as covered, earthed up, and high survival rate is at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flower cultivation technical fields, and in particular to a method of domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil.
Background technique
Tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) belongs to Paeoniaceae Paeonia shrub, is famous ornamental plant and medicinal plant
Object has the good reputations such as " flower king ", " aromatic ", is widely used in afforestation.It is just transferred to early in 1925~nineteen twenty-six
The ground such as the U.S., Britain, Germany, Japan are considered as treasure in garden, are mainly used in appreciation and cultivation, production cultivation in external tree peony
And crossbreeding.Tree peony has the four strains such as Central Plains tree peony cultivars group, Paeonia papaveracea (Paeonia rockii) Breeds at present
Group, wherein Cultivar group with its adaptability, resistance is strong, petal center tool purple plague purpura, in few leaf the advantages that safron phenomenon
By extensive concern, is introduced a fine variety to areas such as Beijing, Liaoning, Xinjiang, Yinchuan, Jilin, Heilungkiang, showed extensively during the nearly last ten years
Stronger adaptability is gone out, has especially also had in cold research of the Northeast in relation to Paeonia papaveracea adaptability and winter resistance
Preliminary report much cultivates Paeonia papaveracea coldly studies have shown that in the adaptability of cold district Paeonia papaveracea is substantially better than
Former tree peony, therefore Paeonia papaveracea is more suitable for " northing " in tree peony " drawing northing in south " research like a raging fire at present, it is male in the north
Paeonia papaveracea is preferred Breeds in red introducing and planting.
Existing research introduces a fine variety Paeonia papaveracea in Chifeng area, earths up by 3 years ridging covering overwinters and year by year reduction
Cold-proof exercise cooperates watering in due course, is successfully realized the open field soil to Paeonia papaveracea.However this method is by Paeonia papaveracea
The different limitation of kind, survival rate difference, the survival rate of some Cultivars is only 50% or so.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mentions to solve the problems, such as to make in the prior art Paeonia papaveracea unstable in cold ground open field soil survival rate
The method for having supplied a kind of domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil, stability is good, improves the survival rate of Paeonia papaveracea open field soil.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
The present invention provides a kind of methods of domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil, comprising the following steps:
(1) First Year, mid or late September to early October introduce a fine variety raw Paeonia papaveracea transplantation of seedlings in 3~4 years to coldly, work as gas
When temperature drop is to 0 DEG C or less, complete stool ridging protection is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea；
(2) next year releases ridging and is cultivated, and dredges in cultivation and the bud of Paeonia papaveracea is gone not enable it bloom；Work as temperature
When being down to 0 DEG C or less, to half plant of ridging protection of Paeonia papaveracea, part of not earthing up is twined with polybag ties up protection；
(3) third year, the half plant of ridging and polybag for releasing Paeonia papaveracea are twined to tie up and be cultivated；When temperature be down to 0 DEG C with
When lower, base portion ridging protection is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea plant, soil covers 1/3 or less plant height；
(4) the 4th years, continue to cultivate Paeonia papaveracea after releasing base portion ridging protection.
Preferably, in the step (1), the Paeonia papaveracea seedling introduced a fine variety is selected from Paeonia papaveracea seedling, Paeonia papaveracea is grafted
Seedling or Paeonia papaveracea axillary seedling.
Preferably, in step (1)~(3), when the cultivation Paeonia papaveracea, organic fertilizer is applied before entering the winter.
Preferably, in step (1)~(3), jelly water is irrigated after ridging protection.
Preferably, in step (2)~(4), spring water is irrigated after de-preservation.
Preferably, in step (1)~(3), cold ground temperature is down to 0 DEG C of time below in the early November on cold ground.
Preferably, in step (1), before transplanting the Paeonia papaveracea seedling, applying includes decomposed fowl and animal excrement and N P and K
Compound fertilizer.
Preferably, in step (3), tree peony imposes nitrogen potash fertilizer before blooming, and Post flowering imposes the compound fertilizer containing phosphorus potassium.
Compared with prior art, technical solution provided by the invention has the advantage that
The present invention provides a kind of methods of domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil: First Year, on mid or late September to October
Raw Paeonia papaveracea transplantation of seedlings in 3~4 years was introduced a fine variety to coldly, when temperature is down to 0 DEG C or less, complete stool is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea ten days
Ridging protection；Next year releases ridging and is cultivated, and dredges in cultivation and the bud of Paeonia papaveracea is gone not enable it bloom；When temperature drops
When to 0 DEG C or less, to half plant of ridging protection of Paeonia papaveracea, part of not earthing up is twined with polybag ties up protection；Release purple plague purpura in third year
The ridging of tree peony and polybag are cultivated；When temperature is down to 0 DEG C or less, base portion ridging is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea plant and is protected
Shield, the 1/3 or less of soil covering plant height；4th year, release ridging cultivation Paeonia papaveracea.The present invention is dredged in the second year of transplanting
The bud for going Paeonia papaveracea, does not enable it bloom, and reduces the consumption to tree peony accumulation nutrient, makes its slow seedling, the protection effect at initial stage
It is good, it is able to ascend the survival rate of tree peony.Present invention selection is transplanted in mid or late September to early October, is moved too early or too late
Plant can all influence plant survive and growing way.Climate in cold region condition at this time is exactly in the preference temperature of tree peony root growth,
This time is also the root growth animated period of non-cold ground tree peony simultaneously, selects this period to carry out transplanting and is conducive to tree peony root system
Reparation, and then improve tree peony survival rate.
The method of the invention takes soil, plastic wraps to carry out winter protection to tree peony on the spot, has saved winter protection cost,
It introduces a fine variety from the 4th year winter just without carrying out the safeguard procedures such as earth up, saves labour's material resources, cultivation cost is reduced.Moreover, using
After method provided by the invention protects tree peony, it is not easy to stripping phenomenon occur, to further decrease toxigenic capacity.
In certain specific embodiments of the invention, application organic fertilizer can not only provide nutrient before entering the winter, additionally it is possible to
Winter protection effect is further promoted, the survival rate of tree peony when helping to further increase the domestication of tree peony open field soil.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the photo of winter of the present invention ridging protection.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of methods of domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil, comprising the following steps:
(1) First Year, mid or late September to early October introduce a fine variety raw Paeonia papaveracea transplantation of seedlings in 3~4 years to coldly, work as gas
When temperature drop is to 0 DEG C or less, complete stool ridging protection is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea；
(2) next year releases ridging and is cultivated, and dredges in cultivation and the bud of Paeonia papaveracea is gone not enable it bloom；Work as temperature
When being down to 0 DEG C or less, to half plant of ridging protection of Paeonia papaveracea, part of not earthing up is twined with polybag ties up protection；
(3) third year, the half plant of ridging and polybag for releasing Paeonia papaveracea are twined to tie up and be cultivated；When temperature be down to 0 DEG C with
When lower, base portion ridging protection is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea plant, soil covers 1/3 or less plant height；
(4) the 4th years, continue to cultivate Paeonia papaveracea after releasing base portion ridging protection.
The present invention introduces a fine variety raw Paeonia papaveracea transplantation of seedlings in 3~4 years to cold in mid or late September to the early October of First Year
Ground carries out complete stool ridging protection to Paeonia papaveracea when temperature is down to 0 DEG C or less.
In the present invention, the Paeonia papaveracea seedling introduced a fine variety is selected from Paeonia papaveracea seedling, Paeonia papaveracea grafting or purple
Spot tree peony axillary seedling.In the present invention, the kind of the Paeonia papaveracea seedling includes but is not limited to ' Lan He ', ' rose-red ', ' purple hat
The purple building of Ho Geok Choo ', ' youth ', ' dodges gold ', ' three turns of peach blossom ', ' adolph stonecrop silk ball ', ' plateau torch ', ' peaceful lotus ' or ' gold is hidden in snow '
Deng.
The present invention is selected in cold ground mid or late September to early October and introduces a fine variety Paeonia papaveracea, and temperature is suitable at 15~20 DEG C at this time
Tree peony root growth, while the root growth of tree peony is in vigorous period, thus transplanting at this moment is conducive to be damaged in transplanting
Tree peony root regeneration prevents transplanting from influencing the upgrowth situation and survival rate of plant.
It is currently preferred to carry out disinfection before transplanting to the root system of Paeonia papaveracea seedling, 5~7d is hung after disinfection to transplant again.
The present invention is not particularly limited the disinfection way, using modes such as conventional immersion, sprays.
It is currently preferred to plough before transplanting, and apply compound containing decomposed fowl and animal excrement and N P and K
Fertilizer provides nutrition as base manure for the growth after tree-peony transplantation.
In the present invention, the compound fertilizer containing decomposed fowl and animal excrement and N P and K.In the present invention, described to contain
Decomposed fowl and animal excrement from the barnyard manure of purchase, i.e., pig manure, cow dung, chicken manure etc. and soil mixture it is sufficiently decomposed after obtain
Muck.In the present invention, the compound fertilizer of the N P and K preferably derives from commercial goods.
The present invention carries out conventional maintenance to Paeonia papaveracea seedling after transplanting, applies organic fertilizer to Paeonia papaveracea before closing on the winter,
The organic fertilizer is preferably decomposed fowl and animal excrement, more preferably commercially available barnyard manure.Organic fertilizer is according to 400~800kg/ mus of ratio
Example applies, and more preferably 500kg/ mus.Apply organic fertilizer other than nutrient is provided before entering the winter, additionally it is possible to play certain protection and make
With carrying out nutritional supplementation to Paeonia papaveracea before entering the winter increases the consumable substance accumulated in tree peony, and winter nutrient is prevented to lack
It is weary and influence growth conditions and survival rate.
In the present invention, the time for being down to 0 DEG C coldly, about in early November, it is overwintering to carry out winter to Paeonia papaveracea at this time
Protection, i.e. complete stool ridging protection.As shown in Figure 1, photo when earthing up cold-proof for winter of the present invention.It is of the present invention complete
Strain ridging protection is to be covered the entire plant of tree peony with soil, and ridging height is determined according to plant height, and ridging area preferably exists
0.2~0.36cm2/ strain.
It is currently preferred that jelly water is irrigated to tree peony after complete stool ridging protection, frozen soil layer is formed in the face of ridging, in turn
Protection plant preserves from, and improves winter resistance.
The present invention releases ridging in next year and cultivates, and dredges in cultivation and the bud of Paeonia papaveracea is gone not enable it bloom；
When temperature is down to 0 DEG C or less, to half plant of ridging protection of Paeonia papaveracea, part of not earthing up is twined with polybag ties up protection.
In the present invention, at the beginning of the time that the releasing is earthed up preferably is selected in cold ground 3 the end of month to 4 months, temperature gets warm again after a cold spell at this time,
It no longer needs to be protected.Tree peony is in sprouting period, makes its normal growth and development after releasing ridging protection.
It is currently preferred release ridging protection after, irrigate spring water, pouring spring water may advantageously facilitate Sprout period.
The present invention dredges remove the bud of Paeonia papaveracea in the course of cultivation, is to reduce and bloom pair so that it be prevented to bloom
Tree peony accumulates the consumption of nutrient, plays the role of slow seedling.The present invention is in such a way that transplanting second year prevents tree peony from blooming, effectively
Ground improves the survival rate of tree peony.
It is currently preferred enter the winter before to Paeonia papaveracea apply organic fertilizer, to enhance the resistance of tree peony, with First Year
Operate identical, details are not described herein.
When temperature is down to 0 DEG C or less, the present invention carries out half plant of ridging to Paeonia papaveracea and polybag is twined and tied up, relative to the
For 1 year, protection dynamics is in a slight decrease, tames its winter environment for adapting to cold ground year by year.Half plant of ridging protection of the present invention
It is with the half of soil covering plant ground level, remaining part then is twined to tie up with polybag and be protected.
It is currently preferred after earthing up and polybag twine and tie up, jelly water is irrigated to Paeonia papaveracea, to protect the root system of plant
Injury-free, effect and operation are identical as First Year, and details are not described herein.
In the third year introduced a fine variety, the present invention is twined after tiing up and is cultivated in the half plant of ridging and polybag for releasing Paeonia papaveracea；
When temperature is down to 0 DEG C or less, base portion ridging protection is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea plant, soil covers 1/3 or less plant height.
In the present invention, described release is earthed up and 3 the end of month on the time of polybag preferably cold ground to the beginning of April；It releases and protects
Spring water preferably is irrigated to Paeonia papaveracea after shield, carries out routine culture.
The present invention does not prevent Paeonia papaveracea from blooming at the third year introduced a fine variety, preferably the windbell phase before tree peony blooms
(bud obviously shows) phase imposes nitrogen potash fertilizer, imposes the compound fertilizer containing phosphorus potassium in Post flowering.The present invention is before flowering afterwards to purple
The purpose of spot tree peony fertilising is the nutrient in order to supplement consumption of blooming, and prevents from consuming itself nutrient excessively because blooming, causes to get over
Survival rate reduces when the winter.Tree peony sprout after nutrient growth and reproductive growth carry out simultaneously, tree peony is to nitrogen when nutrient growth
Demand is larger, and tree peony is larger to the demand of phosphorus potassium when reproductive growth, thus supplements before tree peony blooms for nutrient growth
Nitrogen potash fertilizer, tree peony bloom the later period make a living reproductive growth provide the compound fertilizer containing phosphorus potassium.In the present invention, the phosphorous potassium is answered
Hefei preferably derives from commercially available phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer.
It is currently preferred enter the winter before to Paeonia papaveracea apply organic fertilizer, to enhance the resistance of tree peony, with First Year
Operate identical, details are not described herein.
Base portion of the present invention ridging protection is with the 1/3 of soil covering plant height hereinafter, polybag is tied up without twining in top,
Protection is further decreased, domestication Paeonia papaveracea adapts to the winter environment on cold ground.
It is currently preferred that jelly water irrigated to Paeonia papaveracea after base portion ridging protection, step and effect and First Year,
Second year is identical, and details are not described herein.
The 4th year introduced a fine variety, the present invention release ridging cultivation Paeonia papaveracea, the 4th year and no longer need to later to purple plague purpura
Tree peony carries out ridging or open field soil can be realized in other special protective measures, Paeonia papaveracea, reduces after introducing a fine variety Paeonia papaveracea
The cost of annual overwintering protection.
In the present invention, the time for releasing ridging at the beginning of cold ground 3 the end of month to 4 months, hereafter to the cultivation of tree peony according to
It is conventional to carry out.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, technical solution provided by the invention is retouched in detail below with reference to embodiment
It states, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
First stage-introducing and planting, winter full guard management (First Year):
1) introduce a fine variety planting technique: cultivation First Year introduces a fine variety triennial Paeonia papaveracea seedling nursery stock, and the kind of Paeonia papaveracea is
' peaceful lotus ', ' red lotus ', ' Lan He ', ' plateau torch ', ' rose-red ', ' pink silk ball ', ' purple building dodge gold ', ' purple hat Ho Geok Choo ',
' youth ' and ' adolph stonecrop silk ball ', the ground introducing and planting time of trembling with fear is to introduce a fine variety from Gansu to Inner Mongol Chifeng for September 26th:
A, before plant soil preparation: plough mid-September, uniformly apply the compound of decomposed pig manure and Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing potassium
Fertilizer, site preparation do furrow, water spare；Nursery stock fortune come after sterilized with the potassium permanganate of mass concentration 0.1% and hang 5 days it is spare.
B, seeding row spacing and depth are transplanted: pressing seeding row spacing 80cm × 80cm, digs the round planting hole of diameter 40cm, depth 40cm,
Make seedling rootstock and earth's surface flat when plant.
C, method for planting: when digging planting hole, surface soil is placed on side, the raw-soil is placed on the other side, first table when plant is banketed
Soil is filled out in the following, the raw-soil is filled out above, when half of banketing, young plant is up mentioned, root system is fully extended, then uses
Waddy compacting soil, is in close contact with the soil root system, then fills up planting hole again, and in 10~15cm high of young plant rhizosphere hilling.
D, it waters: being poured after plant in well water on October 4.
2) winter protection technique: Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia in early November temperature temperature stablize at 0 DEG C or less when on the spot
Soil is taken, whole strain ridging protection is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea, ridging is highly according to plant height between 30cm~50cm, area of earthing up
0.2m2~0.36m2, plant soil all coverings, then irrigate jelly water.Native de-preservation is removed at the beginning of 3 the end of month of next year to 4 months.
Second stage: cultivation management, half conservative management of winter (second year):
1) second year cultivation management: introducing a fine variety second year and remove soil at the beginning of 3 the end of month to 4 months, de-preservation, leveling of then loosening the soil,
Organic fertilizer (barnyard manure) irrigates spring water, promotes Sprout period.Other view seedling growth situations and weather condition watering, top dressing, pine
Soil, weeding etc. grow the bud that is thinning out of bud, do not enable it bloom.
2) it winter protection technique: is still applied when early November, temperature temperature reached 0 DEG C or less in Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia
Sufficient organic fertilizer, then takes soil on the spot, carries out half plant of ridging protection to Paeonia papaveracea, plant soil is covered to plant half, on
Portion's branch, which puts on polybag, to be twined and ties up, and jelly water is then irrigated.Native de-preservation is removed at the beginning of 3 the end of month of next year to 4 months.
Phase III: cultivation management, 1/3 plant conservative management of winter (third year):
1) third year cultivation management: introducing a fine variety and remove soil third year at the beginning of 3 the end of month to 4 months, de-preservation, leveling of then loosening the soil,
Organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer irrigate spring water.Other depending on seedling growth situation and weather condition watering, top dressing, loosen the soil, weeding etc.,
Pruning is carried out simultaneously, foot bud is thinning out, cuts withered branch, the bud grown is no longer thinning out, it is enabled normally to bloom.And before blooming
Impose phosphorus potash fertilizer, Post flowering imposes compound fertilizer (containing P, K), autumn enter the winter before use sufficient organic fertilizer (barnyard manure) again.
2) winter protection technique: taking soil when early November temperature temperature is stablized at 0 DEG C or less on the spot, plants to Paeonia papaveracea
Strain base portion ridging protection, earths up to the 1/3 of plant, upper part branch, which no longer twines, ties up polybag, then irrigates jelly water.Next year 3
Native de-preservation is removed at the beginning of the end of month to 4 months.
Fourth stage: conventional cultivation management, winter unprotect management (the 4th year):
1) the 4th year cultivation management: introducing a fine variety second year and remove soil at the beginning of 3 the end of month to 4 months, de-preservation, leveling of then loosening the soil,
Organic fertilizer irrigates spring water.Other depending on seedling growth situation and weather condition watering, top dressing, loosen the soil, weeding etc., and planted
Strain pruning, enables it normally blossom and bear fruit.And phosphorus potash fertilizer is applied before blooming, Post flowering applies compound fertilizer, enter used sufficient before the winter it is organic
Fertilizer.
2) it winter protection technique: no longer earths up when early November temperature temperature is at 0 DEG C or less in Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia
Covering, but to irrigate jelly water.Next year pours spring water.
So far, by 3 years year by year reduce winter protection domestication culture techniques, from the 4th year winter and later i.e.
Paeonia papaveracea can be achieved in the winter open field soil of Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia.After domestication in 3 years, the purple plague purpura of 11 kinds
Tree peony average survival is 76.9%.Wherein ' Lan He ', ' rose-red ', ' purple building dodge gold ', kind survival rate are up to 80% or more.
Comparative example 1
Except introduce a fine variety transplanting time be mid or late April in addition to, remaining Cultivar, breeding method etc. with embodiment 1
It is identical.
After taming year by year, ' Mo Yun ', ' pink silk ball ', ' purple hat silver wire ', ' rose spreads gold ', ' powder dovetail ', ' powder tail
White ', ' the Paeonia papaveracea average survival of blue sea wind cloud ' kind is 43.2%.
It, can be significant using transplanting time provided by the invention of introducing a fine variety by from the point of view of the domestication result of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1
Improve survival rate of the Paeonia papaveracea after taming year by year.
Embodiment 2
First stage-introducing and planting, winter full guard management (First Year):
1) introduce a fine variety planting technique: cultivation First Year introduces a fine variety 4 years raw Paeonia papaveracea grafting nursery stocks, and the kind of Paeonia papaveracea is
' peaceful lotus ', ' red lotus ', ' Lan He ', ' plateau torch ', ' rose-red ', ' pink silk ball ', ' purple building dodge gold ', ' purple hat Ho Geok Choo ',
' youth ' and ' adolph stonecrop silk ball ', the ground introducing and planting time of trembling with fear is to introduce a fine variety from Lanzhou to Inner Mongol Chifeng on 26 last ten-days period of September:
A, before plant soil preparation: plough mid-September, uniformly apply the compound of decomposed pig manure and Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing potassium
Fertilizer, site preparation do furrow, water spare；Nursery stock fortune come after with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution disinfection and hang 5 days it is spare.
B, seeding row spacing and depth are transplanted: pressing seeding row spacing 75cm × 75cm, digs the round planting hole of diameter 45cm, depth 38cm,
The grafting part of grafting is set to be located at native face or less 10cm when plant.
C, method for planting: when digging planting hole, surface soil is placed on side, the raw-soil is placed on the other side, first table when plant is banketed
Soil is filled out in the following, the raw-soil is filled out above, when half of banketing, young plant is up mentioned, root system is fully extended, then uses
Waddy compacting soil, is in close contact with the soil root system, then fills up planting hole again, and in 10~15cm high of young plant rhizosphere hilling.
D, water: well water pours after 5d after plant.
2) winter protection technique: Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia in early November temperature temperature stablize at 0 DEG C or less when on the spot
Soil is taken, whole strain ridging protection is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea, ridging is highly according to plant height between 35cm~50cm, area of earthing up
0.2m2~0.3m2, plant soil all coverings, then irrigate jelly water.Native de-preservation is removed at the beginning of 3 the end of month of next year to 4 months.
Second stage: cultivation management, half conservative management of winter (second year):
1) second year cultivation management: introducing a fine variety second year and remove soil at the beginning of 3 the end of month to 4 months, de-preservation, leveling of then loosening the soil,
Organic fertilizer (barnyard manure) irrigates spring water, promotes Sprout period.Other view seedling growth situations and weather condition watering, top dressing, pine
Soil, weeding etc. grow the bud that is thinning out of bud, do not enable it bloom.
2) it winter protection technique: is still applied when early November, temperature temperature reached 0 DEG C or less in Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia
Sufficient organic fertilizer, then takes soil on the spot, carries out half plant of ridging protection to Paeonia papaveracea, plant soil is covered to plant half, on
Portion's branch, which puts on polybag, to be twined and ties up, and jelly water is then irrigated.Native de-preservation is removed at the beginning of 3 the end of month of next year to 4 months.
Phase III: cultivation management, 1/3 plant conservative management of winter (third year):
1) third year cultivation management: introducing a fine variety and remove soil third year at the beginning of 3 the end of month to 4 months, de-preservation, leveling of then loosening the soil,
Organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer irrigate spring water.Other depending on seedling growth situation and weather condition watering, top dressing, loosen the soil, weeding etc.,
Pruning is carried out simultaneously, foot bud is thinning out, cuts withered branch, the bud grown is no longer thinning out, it is enabled normally to bloom.And before blooming
Impose phosphorus potash fertilizer, Post flowering imposes compound fertilizer (containing N, P, K), autumn enter the winter before use sufficient organic fertilizer (barnyard manure) again.
2) winter protection technique: taking soil when early November temperature temperature is stablized at 0 DEG C or less on the spot, plants to Paeonia papaveracea
Strain base portion ridging protection, earths up to the 1/3 of plant, upper part branch, which no longer twines, ties up polybag, then irrigates jelly water.Next year 3
Native de-preservation is removed at the beginning of the end of month to 4 months.
Fourth stage: conventional cultivation management, winter unprotect management (the 4th year):
1) the 4th year cultivation management: introducing a fine variety second year and remove soil at the beginning of 3 the end of month to 4 months, de-preservation, leveling of then loosening the soil,
Organic fertilizer irrigates spring water.Other depending on seedling growth situation and weather condition watering, top dressing, loosen the soil, weeding etc., and planted
Strain pruning, enables it normally blossom and bear fruit.And phosphorus potash fertilizer is applied before blooming, Post flowering applies compound fertilizer, enter used sufficient before the winter it is organic
Fertilizer.
2) it winter protection technique: no longer earths up when early November temperature temperature is at 0 DEG C or less in Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia
Covering, but to irrigate jelly water.Next year pours spring water.
So far, it is red in the Inner Mongol to realize Paeonia papaveracea for the domestication culture techniques by the winter protection of reduction year by year in 3 years
The winter open field soil in peak area.After domestication in 3 years, ' peaceful lotus ', ' red lotus ', ' Lan He ', ' plateau torch ', ' rose
Red ', ' pink silk ball ', ', purple building dodged gold ', ' purple hat Ho Geok Choo ', ' youth ', ' Paeonia papaveracea of adolph stonecrop silk ball ' kind averagely survives
Rate is 76.9%.
Comparative example 2
Influence of this Experimental Comparison cold-proof mode of different winters to Paeonia papaveracea growth and development
1, ' peaceful lotus ', ' red lotus ', ' Lan He ', ' plateau torch ', ' rose-red ', ' pink silk ball ', ' purple are introduced a fine variety from Gansu
Building dodges gold ', ' purple hat Ho Geok Choo ', ' youth ', ' each 10 plants and totally 160 plants of 50 plants of seedlings of the Paeonia papaveracea of adolph stonecrop silk ball ' kind
Paeonia papaveracea seedling to Inner Mongol Chifeng, wherein in 50 plants of seedlings 25 plants carry out cold-proof protection of earthing up according to the method for embodiment 1,
Other 25 plants in addition to carrying out cold-proof protection using stalk, remaining step is same as Example 1.
The cold-proof protected mode concrete operations of the stalk are as follows: introduce a fine variety First Year, first built around plant to be protected
Then brick wraps plant with crushing straw leaf, stalk is finally stacked between plant, to achieve the purpose that cover plant, stalk
On put plank unrest scraped by wind to prevent stalk.Second year is to the 4th year using the cold-proof mode of ridging in embodiment 1.
2, the second year growth increment of different safeguard procedures is measured, with the flat of last time measured value by the end of June
Mean value is annual increment, and measurement result is as shown in table 1:
The Paeonia papaveracea time year increment of the different safeguard procedures of table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the seedling of ridging protection and stalk protection is branch is long, leaf amplitude and leaf breadth are grown in year
It is not significant to measure difference, the thick significant difference of branch shows that ridging protection is more advantageous to plant growth compared to stalk protection, in addition earths up
Protection 25 plants grow directly from seeds shoot survival percent be 96%, stalk protection 25 plants grow directly from seeds shoot survival percents be 72%.
And field observation has the phenomenon that gnawing branch by mouse and stripping phenomenon to the seedling that stalk is protected, and affects
Shoot growth.And there is not stripping phenomenon in the tree peony for using the method for the invention to cultivate.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
First stage-introducing and planting, winter full guard management (First Year):
1) introduce a fine variety planting technique: cultivation First Year introduces a fine variety triennial Paeonia papaveracea grafting nursery stock, and the kind of Paeonia papaveracea is
' Feng Danbai ', ' inteilectual hold in both hands ink ', ' capital dragon full moon ', ' black whirlwind ', ' powder lotus ', ' the fine snow in capital ', ' peaceful lotus ', ' Lan He ', ' red
Lotus ' and Paeonia papaveracea seedling, cold ground introducing and planting time are to introduce a fine variety from Beijing to the Inner Mongol Chifeng October 1, are planted October 5
It plants:
A, before plant soil and nursery stock preparation: plough in spring and shine soil, site preparation bedding mid-September, the wide 2m of furrow face, furrow face
Long 11m, the high 30cm in the furrow ridge, wide 30cm, furrow face are laid with black mulch film (energy insulation weeding) and drip irrigation facilities.Nursery stock fortune is used after coming
Root-inducing powder (Anqiu spring rain bio-fertilizer industry Co., Ltd production of 0.1% potassium permanganate solution mixing 0.2% (500 times of liquid of dilution)
The four seasons antiviral anti-corrosive properties root-inducing powder of green song) solution hung after soaking root 3 hours 3 days it is spare.
B, seeding row spacing and depth to be transplanted: pressing seeding row spacing 1m × 1m, digging diameter 35cm, the round planting hole of depth 35cm are spare,
It is located at the grafting part of grafting at the 10cm of native face or less, seedling foundation portion and native table are flat.
C, method for planting: when digging planting hole, surface soil is placed on side, the raw-soil is placed on the other side, and cave bottom application enters decomposed sheep
Excrement (belong to warm nature fertilizer, the every cave of sowing amount about 250g), inserts the surface soil of about 2cm thickness thereon, and is implanted into nursery stock thereon, ajusts, bankets,
First surface soil is filled out when banketing in the following, the raw-soil is filled out above, when half of banketing, young plant is up mentioned, root system is filled
Divide stretching, extension, then tamp soil with waddy, be in close contact with the soil root system, then fills up planting hole again, and stop up in young plant rhizosphere
10~15cm high of soil.
D, water: well water pours after 5d after plant.
2) winter protection technique: Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia in early and middle ten days temperature temperature in November stablize at 0 DEG C or less when just
Ground takes soil, carries out whole strain ridging protection to Paeonia papaveracea, ridging is highly according to plant height between 35cm~50cm, area of earthing up
0.2m2~0.3m2, plant soil all coverings, then irrigate jelly water.(Clear and Bright left and right) removes soil at the beginning of 3 the end of month of next year to 4 months, solves
Except protection.
Second stage: cultivation management, half conservative management of winter (second year):
1) second year cultivation management: introducing a fine variety second year and remove soil at the beginning of 3 the end of month to 4 months, de-preservation, leveling of then loosening the soil,
Organic fertilizer (decomposed sheep dung) irrigates spring water, promotes Sprout period.Other view seedling growth situations and weather condition watering,
Top dressing is loosened the soil, weeding etc., is grown the bud that is thinning out of bud, is not enabled it bloom.
2) it winter protection technique: is still applied when early November, temperature temperature reached 0 DEG C or less in Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia
Sufficient organic fertilizer (sheep dung), then takes soil on the spot, half plant of ridging protection is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea, plant soil covering to plant one
Half, top branch is twined with non-woven fabrics to be tied up, and jelly water is then irrigated.Native de-preservation is removed at the beginning of 3 the end of month of next year to 4 months.
Phase III: cultivation management, 1/3 plant conservative management of winter (third year):
1) third year cultivation management: introducing a fine variety and remove soil third year at the beginning of 3 the end of month to 4 months, de-preservation, leveling of then loosening the soil,
Organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer irrigate spring water.Other depending on seedling growth situation and weather condition watering, top dressing, loosen the soil, weeding etc.,
Pruning is carried out simultaneously, foot bud is thinning out, cuts withered branch, the bud grown is no longer thinning out, it is enabled normally to bloom.And before blooming
Impose phosphorus potash fertilizer, Post flowering imposes compound fertilizer (containing N, P, K), autumn enter the winter before use sufficient organic fertilizer (sheep dung) again.
2) winter protection technique: taking soil when early November temperature temperature is stablized at 0 DEG C or less on the spot, plants to Paeonia papaveracea
Strain base portion ridging protection, earths up to the 1/3 of plant, upper part branch, which twines, ties up non-woven fabrics, then irrigates jelly water.3 the end of month of next year
To removing native de-preservation at the beginning of 4 months.
Fourth stage: conventional cultivation management, winter unprotect management (the 4th year):
1) the 4th year cultivation management: introducing a fine variety second year and remove soil at the beginning of 3 the end of month to 4 months, de-preservation, leveling of then loosening the soil,
Organic fertilizer irrigates spring water.Other depending on seedling growth situation and weather condition watering, top dressing, loosen the soil, weeding etc., and planted
Strain pruning, enables it normally blossom and bear fruit.And phosphorus potash fertilizer is applied before blooming, Post flowering applies compound fertilizer, enter used sufficient before the winter it is organic
Fertilizer.
2) it winter protection technique: no longer earths up when early November temperature temperature is at 0 DEG C or less in Chifeng Area, Inner Mongolia
Covering, but to irrigate jelly water.Next year pours spring water.
So far, it is red in the Inner Mongol to realize Paeonia papaveracea for the domestication culture techniques by the winter protection of reduction year by year in 3 years
The winter open field soil in peak area.After domestication in 3 years, ' Feng Danbai ', ' inteilectual hold in both hands ink ', ' capital dragon full moon ', ' black whirlwind ',
' powder lotus ', ' the fine snow in capital ', ' peaceful lotus ', ' Lan He ', ' red lotus ' and the average survival of Paeonia papaveracea seedling are
95.5%%, white apoplexy pellet is 80%, and ' peaceful lotus ', ' red lotus ' are 90%, and ' inteilectual holds in both hands ink ' is 95%, other survival rates
It is 100%.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil, comprising the following steps:
(1) First Year, mid or late September to early October introduce a fine variety raw Paeonia papaveracea transplantation of seedlings in 3~4 years to coldly, when temperature drops
When to 0 DEG C or less, complete stool ridging protection is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea；
(2) next year releases ridging and is cultivated, and dredges in cultivation and the bud of Paeonia papaveracea is gone not enable it bloom；When temperature is down to
At 0 DEG C or less, to half plant of ridging protection of Paeonia papaveracea, part of not earthing up is twined with polybag ties up protection；
(3) third year, the half plant of ridging and polybag for releasing Paeonia papaveracea are twined to tie up and be cultivated；When temperature is down to 0 DEG C or less,
Base portion ridging protection is carried out to Paeonia papaveracea plant, soil covers 1/3 or less plant height；
(4) the 4th years, continue to cultivate Paeonia papaveracea after releasing base portion ridging protection.
2. the method for domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1), draw
The Paeonia papaveracea seedling of kind is selected from Paeonia papaveracea seedling, Paeonia papaveracea grafting or Paeonia papaveracea axillary seedling.
3. the method for domestication cold ground according to claim 1 or claim 2 tree peony open field soil, which is characterized in that step (1)~(3)
In, when the cultivation Paeonia papaveracea, organic fertilizer is applied before entering the winter.
4. the method for domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1)~(3)
In, jelly water is irrigated after ridging protection.
5. the method for domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2)~(4)
In, spring water is irrigated after de-preservation.
6. the method for domestication cold ground according to claim 4 or 5 tree peony open field soil, which is characterized in that the step (1)~
(3) in, cold ground temperature is down to 0 DEG C of time below in the early November on cold ground.
7. the method for domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), transplant institute
Before stating Paeonia papaveracea seedling, the compound fertilizer including decomposed fowl and animal excrement and N P and K is applied.
8. the method for domestication cold ground tree peony open field soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3), tree peony
Nitrogen potash fertilizer is imposed before blooming, Post flowering imposes the compound fertilizer containing phosphorus potassium.
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