CN109197205A - The engrafting method of tea tree - Google Patents
The engrafting method of tea tree Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109197205A CN109197205A CN201811050005.XA CN201811050005A CN109197205A CN 109197205 A CN109197205 A CN 109197205A CN 201811050005 A CN201811050005 A CN 201811050005A CN 109197205 A CN109197205 A CN 109197205A
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- stock
- tea tree
- scion
- grafting
- fabric
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
The invention discloses the engrafting methods of tea tree, comprise the following steps: the selection of selection, the scion of stock, cuts stock, cuts scion, engagement, tape wrap, shading, managing after grafting cut anvil wood.One aspect of the present invention is by covering the rhizome junction of tea tree after passing through stock to be grafted with the good fabric of shaded effects, and it is compact with soil, so that the rhizome junction of tea tree is covered with fabric completely, to inhibit the sprouting and growth of rhizome junction adventitious bud, on the other hand inhibit the sprouting of adventitious bud on stock by tape wrap process, black shading characteristic is utilized simultaneously, so that adventitious bud necessary sunlight when cannot grow, and then fundamentally eliminate the possibility for sprouting branch growth.In addition, stock epidermis because dehydration is too fast causes scion easily withered in order to prevent, it is additionally provided with water conservation layer in long band, further improves the survival rate of grafting.It revolutionizes existing tea tree grafting using the above method and removes and sprout the low status of large labor intensity, survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tea tree Cultivating techniques fields, more particularly, to a kind of engrafting method of tea tree.
Background technique
Tea tree category Theaceae, Camellia shrub or dungarunga, spray are hairless.Leaf keratin, oblong or ellipse.Tea tree
Leaf can tea making (being different from tea oil tree), seed can extract oil, and tea tree material is fine and closely woven, and wood can be used for carving.The main collection of distribution
In between 16 degree to 30 degree of north latitude of south latitude, tea tree likes warm and moist weather, and bud starts to sprout at 10 DEG C of temperature on average or more,
Growing optimum temperature is 20-25 DEG C, and annual precipitation will be at 1000 millimeters or more, light-loving and shade-tolerating, suitable for giving birth under diffused light.One
Estranged is Seedling Stage, brephic, manhood and declining period.The age of tree was up to 100 or two hundred years, but economic age is generally 40~50 years.
Clonal replaces old kind, low yield tea plantation to be the only ways of improved tea variety, but the old tea place of low yield is changed
Old tea tree is dug out first when kind Clonal, is removed tree root, is colonized small tea shoot again after soil deeptillage, newly planted tea field will wait 3
It could tentatively go into operation after year.Old tea place complete cultivation changes kind of need and puts into a large amount of financial resources and material resources.
Tea tree Grafting kind is a kind of method that kind of transformation is changed in the old tea place of low yield.The engrafting method currently generallyd use is big
Include: cut anvil wood more, cuts stock, cuts the processes such as scion, engagement, managing after grafting.It counts to remove to sprout again in managing after grafting and most consume
Manpower, this is because the uniformity in order to guarantee graft survival rate and breeding, needs to remove rhizome portion and anvil in time after grafting
Sprout tillers on wood, cannot allow the adventitious bud formation branch of sprouting.Generally will by artificial bud picking 3-4 times and when scion grow up to it is luxuriant
Tree crown, and possess dense leaf layer, the adventitious bud of stock could be suppressed completely in rhizome portion and stock, and bud picking can stop.
As it can be seen that conventional method, which there are problems that removing, sprouts low efficiency, large labor intensity.
Such as 22-24 pages of " gardening and seedling " that Chinese periodical document (10) phase in 2014 publishes, " Camellia nitidissima Nurse seed grafting
Except sprouting research " describe " analysis the result shows that, with 75d after grafting except sprouting, and retain 2, stock rudiment blade when except sprouting,
Again that the blade of reservation and stock rudiment is all cleared after 30d, this is that best remove of Camellia nitidissima Nurse seed grafting sprouts method."
Although the process object of above-mentioned document is different from the conventional tea tree of the application, and it is improved to a certain extent except the effect sprouted
Rate, but when tea place is larger, it is still necessary to it removes to sprout to remove with 105d by 75d and sprout two stages, therefore it still remains to remove and sprout
When large labor intensity, ineffective problem.
In addition traditional tea tree grafting is because there are stock dehydration is fast, scion is easily withered, and graft survival rate is low.After tea tree grafting
Except the two large problems sprouted, graft survival rate is low, so that tea tree Grafting kind technology is difficult to promote and apply.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problems referred above, the present invention provides a kind of engrafting methods of tea tree, solve existing tea tree managing after grafting
In except sprouting the problem that large labor intensity, working efficiency are low, graft survival rate is low.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of engrafting method of tea tree, including walks as follows
It is rapid:
The selection of S1, stock: declining period needs the group of Grafting kind to plant 3-5 root in the tea tree in old tea place healthy and strong at selection
Stem make stock；
S2, scion selection: selection is suitble to the local Tea Clone Improved Varieties promoted, and therefrom chooses robust growth, disease-free
Insect pest, stem skin make scion in the full annual lignifying branch of rufous, axillary bud；
S3, cut anvil wood: by the stock in step S1, the cutting of 10-15 centimeters prepares to be used to graft from the ground, remaining stem
Neat root is cut flat；Then the sundries such as tea tree rhizome junction soil are cleaned out, then are passed through with the good fabric of shaded effects wait transfer
The rhizome junction of tea tree is covered after the stock connect, and compact with soil, so that the rhizome junction of tea tree is covered with fabric completely；
S4, cut stock: with grafting knife from stock section band part xylem indulge partial application, 2.5-3 centimetres of notch depth；
S5, it cuts scion: the scion chosen in step S2 being retained into a bud, upper end is cut away from 0.5 centimeters of bud, at it
A knife is respectively cut in lower part or so, forms wedge shape, and scion cutting surface length is identical as stock notch depth in step S4；
S6, engagement: stock notch is inserted into the scion cut, is aligned the forming layer of scion with the forming layer of stock, most
Graft union and scion are subjected to bondage with plastic strip afterwards, only expose fringe bud；
S7, tape wrap: with water retention property is excellent and the good long band of shaded effects from stock root up spiral winding to anvil
The wooden section needs to guarantee that long band firmly tightens on stock when winding, sprays water after winding to stock, so that through
The stock of tape wrap sufficiently absorbs water and reaches saturation state；Due to needing to guarantee that long band firmly tightens on stock when winding, one
Aspect inhibits the growth of adventitious bud on stock using the external force generated when tying up, on the other hand by black shading characteristic, so that
Adventitious bud cannot sprout necessary sunlight, and then fundamentally eliminate the possibility for sprouting branch growth.
S8, shading: after tape wrap water spray, shaded in time with the sunshade net of black to tea tree；
S9, managing after grafting: when the scion to be grafted survived grows into 10 centimetres or more, releasing the bondage of step S6, to
Scion grows to 25 centimetres or more toppings in time, promotees new fringe lateral bud and sprouts；Tree crown is formed to new fringe again and possesses dense leaf layer, is solved
Except the long band of step S7；After grafting survival, the intertillage, fertilising, trimming management in tea place need to be reinforced, to promote tea tree robust growth.
Stock exocuticle cannot get moisture because of long band winding in order to prevent, water conservation layer is additionally provided in long band, into one
Step improves the possibility of grafting survival, and further, the long band in above-mentioned steps S7 is by outer layer gas permeability black fabric, intermediate guarantor
Water layer and internal layer gas permeability black fabric composition.
Outer layer gas permeability black fabric and internal layer gas permeability black fabric preferably use same material, can so guarantee to twine
Around when need not difference material front and back sides, further increase the efficiency of tape wrap.Preferably, above-mentioned outer layer gas permeability black fabric and interior
Layer gas permeability black fabric is made by PE material.Further, fabric is made by PE material in step S3.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
One aspect of the present invention is by covering the rhizome of tea tree after passing through stock to be grafted with the good fabric of shaded effects
Junction, and it is compact with soil, so that the rhizome junction of tea tree is covered with fabric completely, to inhibit rhizome junction indefinite
On the other hand the sprouting and growth of bud inhibit the sprouting of adventitious bud on stock by tape wrap process, while special using black shading
Property, so that adventitious bud necessary sunlight when cannot grow, and then fundamentally eliminate the possibility for sprouting branch growth.In addition,
Stock epidermis causes scion easily withered because dehydration is too fast in order to prevent, is additionally provided with water conservation layer in long band, further improves
The survival rate of grafting.
To sum up, the present invention, which revolutionizes existing tea tree grafting and removes, sprouts the low status of large labor intensity, survival rate.Operation
When, as soon as need to only pass through time tape wrap, it can thoroughly solve the problems, such as to greatly reduce labor intensity except sprouting, improve survival probability, accord with
Close actual production job requirements.
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment,
A kind of engrafting method of tea tree, includes the following steps:
The selection of S1, stock: declining period needs the group of Grafting kind to plant 3-5 root in the tea tree in old tea place healthy and strong at selection
Stem make stock；
S2, scion selection: selection is suitble to the local Tea Clone Improved Varieties promoted, and therefrom chooses robust growth, disease-free
Insect pest, stem skin make scion in the full annual lignifying branch of rufous, axillary bud；
S3, cut anvil wood: by the stock in step S1, the cutting of 10-15 centimeters prepares to be used to graft from the ground, remaining stem
Neat root is cut flat；Then clean out the sundries such as tea tree rhizome junction soil, then with the good PE fabric of shaded effects pass through to
The rhizome junction of tea tree is covered after the stock of grafting, and compact with soil, so that the rhizome junction of tea tree is covered by fabric completely
Lid；
S4, cut stock: with grafting knife from stock section band part xylem indulge partial application, 2.5-3 centimetres of notch depth；
S5, it cuts scion: the scion chosen in step S2 being retained into a bud, upper end is cut away from 0.5 centimeters of bud, at it
A knife is respectively cut in lower part or so, forms wedge shape, and scion cutting surface length is identical as stock notch depth in step S4；
S6, engagement: stock notch is inserted into the scion cut, is aligned the forming layer of scion with the forming layer of stock, most
Graft union and scion are subjected to bondage with plastic strip afterwards, only expose fringe bud；
S7, tape wrap: with water retention property is excellent and the good long band of shaded effects from stock root up spiral winding to anvil
The wooden section needs to guarantee that long band firmly tightens on stock when winding, sprays water after winding to stock, so that through
The stock of tape wrap sufficiently absorbs water and reaches saturation state；
The long band is specifically made of outer layer gas permeability black fabric, intermediate water conservation layer and internal layer gas permeability black fabric.Its
In, outer layer gas permeability black fabric and internal layer gas permeability black fabric are made by PE material.
S8, shading: after tape wrap water spray, shaded in time with the sunshade net of black to tea tree；
S9, managing after grafting: when the scion to be grafted survived grows into 10 centimetres or more, releasing the bondage of step S6, to
Scion grows to 25 centimetres or more toppings in time, promotees new fringe lateral bud and sprouts；Tree crown is formed to new fringe again and possesses dense leaf layer, is solved
Except the long band of step S7；After grafting survival, the intertillage, fertilising, trimming management in tea place need to be reinforced, to promote tea tree robust growth.
Above-described embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, therefore not
Under the premise of being detached from design spirit of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are to structure, feature and principle institute of the present invention
The equivalence changes or decoration made, should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the engrafting method of tea tree, which comprises the steps of:
The selection of S1, stock: declining period needs the group of Grafting kind to plant the stem of 3-5 root stalwartness in the tea tree in old tea place at selection
It is dry to make stock；
S2, scion selection: selection is suitble to the local Tea Clone Improved Varieties promoted, therefrom choose robust growth, no disease and pests harm,
Stem skin makees scion in the full annual lignifying branch of rufous, axillary bud；
S3, cut anvil wood: by the stock in step S1, the cutting of 10-15 centimeters prepares to be used to graft from the ground, the neat root of remaining stem
It cuts flat；Then the sundries such as tea tree rhizome junction soil are cleaned out, then with the good fabric of shaded effects across to be grafted
The rhizome junction of tea tree is covered after stock, and compact with soil, so that the rhizome junction of tea tree is covered with fabric completely；
S4, cut stock: with grafting knife from stock section band part xylem indulge partial application, 2.5-3 centimetres of notch depth；
S5, it cuts scion: the scion chosen in step S2 being retained into a bud, upper end is cut away from 0.5 centimeters of bud, in its underpart
A knife is respectively cut in left and right, forms wedge shape, and scion cutting surface length is identical as stock notch depth in step S4；
S6, engagement: stock notch is inserted into the scion cut, the forming layer of scion is aligned with the forming layer of stock, finally uses
Graft union and scion are carried out bondage by plastic strip, only expose fringe bud；
S7, tape wrap: up spiral winding is disconnected to stock from stock root for and shaded effects good long band excellent with water retention property
Face needs to guarantee that long band firmly tightens on stock when winding, sprays water after winding to stock, so that through tape wrap
Stock sufficiently absorb water and reach saturation state；
S8, shading: after tape wrap water spray, shaded in time with the sunshade net of black to tea tree；
S9, managing after grafting: when the scion to be grafted survived grows into 10 centimetres or more, the bondage of step S6 is released, to scion
25 centimetres or more toppings in time are grown to, promotees new fringe lateral bud and sprouts；Tree crown is formed to new fringe again and possesses dense leaf layer, releases step
The long band of rapid S7；After grafting survival, the intertillage, fertilising, trimming management in tea place need to be reinforced, to promote tea tree robust growth.
2. the engrafting method of tea tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the long band in above-mentioned steps S7 is by outer layer gas permeability
Black fabric, intermediate water conservation layer and internal layer gas permeability black fabric composition.
3. the engrafting method of tea tree as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the outer layer gas permeability black fabric and internal layer are saturating
Gas black fabric is made using same material.
4. the engrafting method of tea tree as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the outer layer gas permeability black fabric and internal layer are saturating
Gas black fabric is made by PE material.
5. the engrafting method of tea tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that fabric is made by PE material in step s3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811050005.XA CN109197205B (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2018-09-10 | Grafting method of tea tree |
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| CN201811050005.XA CN109197205B (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2018-09-10 | Grafting method of tea tree |
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| CN109197205A true CN109197205A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
| CN109197205B CN109197205B (en) | 2020-08-14 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111149529A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-15 | 保山市农业技术推广中心 | Breeding method of ancient tea tree resource living materials |
| CN112005745A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-01 | 重庆迎河巳甄茶叶有限公司 | Tea tree variety grafting method capable of effectively improving survival rate |
| CN113179781A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-07-30 | 南充市农业科学院 | Orange branch light-resistant grafting method |
| CN114557205A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-05-31 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Method for improving grafting rapid propagation survival rate of tea tree germplasm resources |
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2018
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111149529A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-15 | 保山市农业技术推广中心 | Breeding method of ancient tea tree resource living materials |
| CN112005745A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-01 | 重庆迎河巳甄茶叶有限公司 | Tea tree variety grafting method capable of effectively improving survival rate |
| CN113179781A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-07-30 | 南充市农业科学院 | Orange branch light-resistant grafting method |
| CN114557205A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-05-31 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Method for improving grafting rapid propagation survival rate of tea tree germplasm resources |
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