CN109197203A - A kind of vegetational zone leaf engrafting method - Google Patents
A kind of vegetational zone leaf engrafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109197203A CN109197203A CN201810985068.8A CN201810985068A CN109197203A CN 109197203 A CN109197203 A CN 109197203A CN 201810985068 A CN201810985068 A CN 201810985068A CN 109197203 A CN109197203 A CN 109197203A
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- scion
- stock
- leaf
- branch
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vegetational zone leaf engrafting methods, the following steps are included: choosing the branch that the raw lignifying of 1-2 or semi-lignified and diameter are 0.3-0.5cm, the branch is truncated into 3-4cm and only top remains with complete or partial blade scion, it peels since a side of the blade petiole, scion after the operation of peeling has the long bevel for exposing forming layer and not hurting xylem, and another side opposite with the long bevel is chamfer to short bevel in wedge shape；After diameter on stock is the straight smooth place's cutting opening of upright branch of 1-2cm, stock notch is formed close to incision cortex from the xylem of the upright branch from described be open, the depth of the stock notch is not shorter than the length of the scion；The long bevel of scion is inserted into the stock notch towards the xylem, so that the forming layer of scion is bonded with the forming layer of stock, entire scion bondage is wrapped up.This method germination high survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural science and technology, and in particular to a kind of vegetational zone leaf engrafting method.
Background technique
Grafting is one of the method for trees vegetative propagation, that is, branch or bud on excellent variety plant is taken to be connected to another plant
Suitable position, generate new plant to both make to combine.Due to the new plant of propagation by grafiting, it was both able to maintain the excellent of its maternal plant
Benign shape, and the advantageous feature (resistance, adaptability and early fruiting character etc.) of stock can be utilized, therefore, graft technology is artificial breeding
Grow one of plant important method.The branch or bud connected is referred to as scion or budders, and the scion or connects what formula connected
Plant is referred to as stock.Grafting is carried out using callus function of the plant after injured, and therefore, grafting survival whether is depended on first
The healing of callus is formed between stock and scion cutting surface.The callus of development, which combines, replenishes gap, stock
The nutrient of absorption is transported by callus to scion, and scion rudiment during callus formation starts to grow.So
And trickle (i.e. bleeding sap) due to the stock wound of plant then can lead to interface because of bleeding sap if dealing with improperly
Cannot ventilate, occur to go rotten etc., this is greatly unfavorable to wound healing, and therefore, the more plant of bleeding sap, graft survival rate is universal
It is lower.In the prior art, bleeding phenomenon serious period need to be avoided, and takes special treatment method, such as grubbed up, bagging, stayed and hang
Water branch etc., however not only the activity duration is short for these methods, troublesome in poeration and survival rate is not usually high.Therefore, if one kind can be found
Suitable method eliminates the adverse effect of bleeding sap, is of great significance for promoting graft survival rate, especially for bleeding
Liquid is more or plant that easily cause survival rate low because of bleeding sap.
Red bayberry is one of south China local product fruits, at the same be also it is a kind of more it is typical easily because stock generate bleeding sap from
And lead to the plant for being difficult to grafting survival, the survival rate of graft seedling growth usually only 50% or so.Chinese invention patent
CN104542008B discloses a kind of short fringe engrafting method of Myrica rubra Dongkui, specifically discloses and connects cut-grafting using strange land pick in March
Method carries out Myrica rubra Dongkui grafting, by the patent of invention by being shorted fringe graft technology, improves elite plant strain breeding efficiency, transfers
Red bayberry survival rate after connecing is close to 90%, however the grafting time limit of this method is shorter, and the production efficiency that strange land pick connects is relatively low,
So that this method is not suitable for being widely applied.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: providing a kind of high survival rate and vegetational zone leaf easy to operate grafting side
Method is particularly suitable for the plants such as red bayberry.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of vegetational zone leaf engrafting method, including
Following steps:
S1, scion and stock select and processing: choose that 1-2 gives birth to lignifying or semi-lignified and diameter is 0.3-
The branch is truncated into 3-4cm and only top remains with complete or partial blade scion, from the blade by the branch of 0.5cm
One side of petiole starts to peel, and cuts through the length that the scion after operating of peeling has exposing forming layer and does not hurt xylem
Face, and another side opposite with the long bevel is chamfer to short bevel in wedge shape；
After diameter on stock is the straight smooth place's cutting opening of upright branch of 1-2cm, it is open from described close to described straight
Cortex is cut at the xylem of vertical branch and forms stock notch, and the depth of the stock notch is not shorter than the length of the scion；
S2, it is grafted with leaf: the long bevel of scion is inserted into the stock notch towards the xylem, so that scion
Forming layer is bonded with the forming layer of stock, by scion and the bondage Wrap device bondage of stock incision, entire scion is complete
Package；
S3, it is managed after connecing: scion being made to keep wet until germination.
Further, the step S3 further include: the operation of sun-shading is carried out to scion.
Preferably, the stock is on the inside of trunk or branch outer periphery has the stock of dense branches and leaves, the sunshade
Processing is the branches and leaves shaded portions sunlight for utilizing stock itself.
Further, the step S3 further include: after germination, cut open the bondage Wrap device at bud eye, cut anvil and and
When smear debudding, uncord after six months.
Preferably, in the step S3, the operation of the bondage Wrap device cut open at bud eye has been grafted in band leaf
It is carried out in the 20-35 days after.
Preferably, the bondage Wrap device is graft strip, it is highly preferred that the graft strip is transparent graft strip.
Preferably, the plant is fruit tree, it is highly preferred that the plant is red bayberry.
Preferably, the band leaf grafting operation is to carry out in annual March to during October.
Preferably, the band leaf grafting is to carry out in annual late March to during mid-October.
Preferably, band leaf grafting operation selection is in the morning or dusk sunlight is strong, 18-26 DEG C of temperature, without rain or
It is carried out when branches and leaves are not wet.
Preferably, the depth of the stock notch is 0.5-2.0cm longer than the length of the scion.
Preferably, the operation that the stock cuts cortex is to cut from top to bottom.
Preferably, in the step S1, the scion is the full branch of bud eye.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: using the scion of top tape blade or partial blade, due to blade or part leaf
Piece, which can stimulate healing and be able to carry out photosynthesis, provides nutrition for scion germination, is tied up entire scion with bondage Wrap device
Package is tied up, can effectively keep scion wet, the present invention program is easy to operate and does not influence the original growing way of stock, without handling wound
Stream carries out graft survival rate average reachable 98% or more using the present invention program, and engrafting method can greatly promote through the invention
The breeding efficiency of elite plant strain；The present invention program is particularly suitable for low production forest improvement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the long bevel of scion in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the short bevel of scion in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the side view of scion in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the scion and stock after the bondage of the embodiment of the present invention is wrapped up.
11, blade；12, bud eye；13, long bevel；14, short bevel；2, stock；3, graft strip.
Specific embodiment
To explain the technical content, the achieved purpose and the effect of the present invention in detail, below in conjunction with embodiment and cooperate attached
Figure is explained.
The most critical design of the present invention is: the present invention program is grafted using direct totally enclosed type wrap leaf, moisturizing effect
Fruit is good, while blade itself can carry out photosynthesis and provide oxygen and nutrient, and blade can survive for a long time until germination, avoids
It breathes freely in the prior art and is difficult to the problems such as taking into account and not only needing processing bleeding but also be difficult to keep moisture with moisturizing.
A kind of vegetational zone leaf engrafting method, comprising the following steps:
S1, scion and stock select and processing: choose that 1-2 gives birth to lignifying or semi-lignified and diameter is 0.3-
The branch is truncated into 3-4cm and only top remains with complete or partial blade scion, from the blade by the branch of 0.5cm
The side of petiole starts to peel, and the scion after the operation of peeling has the long bevel for exposing forming layer and not hurting xylem,
It chamfers short bevel in wedge shape and another side opposite with the long bevel is chamfer to short bevel in wedge shape, preferably
Ground, the angle of the beveling are 30-45 degree；
After diameter on stock is the straight smooth place's cutting opening of upright branch of 1-2cm, it is open from described close to described straight
Cortex is cut at the xylem of vertical branch and forms stock notch, and the depth of the stock notch is not shorter than the length of the scion；
S2, it is grafted with leaf: the long bevel of scion is inserted into the stock notch towards the xylem, so that scion
Forming layer is bonded with the forming layer of stock, by scion and the bondage Wrap device bondage of stock incision, entire scion is complete
It wraps up (including blade)；
S3, it is managed after connecing: scion being made to keep wet until germination.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: using the scion of top tape blade or partial blade, by
It can stimulate healing in blade or partial blade and be able to carry out photosynthesis and provide nutrition for scion germination, be wrapped up and being filled with bondage
It sets and wraps up entire scion bondage, can effectively keep scion wet, the present invention program is easy to operate and does not influence the original length of stock
Gesture carries out graft survival rate average reachable 98% or more using the present invention program, through the invention grafting side without handling bleeding
Method can greatly promote the breeding efficiency of elite plant strain；The present invention program is particularly suitable for low production forest improvement.
Further, the step S3 further include: the operation of sun-shading is carried out to scion.
Preferably, the stock is on the inside of trunk or branch outer periphery has the stock of dense branches and leaves, the sunshade
Processing is the branches and leaves shaded portions sunlight using stock itself, it is highly preferred that the shaded portions sunlight is masking 60~70%
Sunlight.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: avoiding needs in traditional technology using bamboo shoot shell or envelope
Equal foreign objects shading, multi-process handling and low efficiency.
Further, the step S3 further include: after germination, cut open the bondage Wrap device at bud eye, cut anvil and and
When smear debudding, uncord after six months.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention program is conducive into using rear cut anvil is survived
It is living with restore tree vigo(u)r, surviving recovery to the plant after grafting influences small, and anvil will be cut in cut-grafting by avoiding in traditional technology
Wood, so that recovery time needed for stock plant survives afterwards is long.
Preferably, in the step S3, the operation of the bondage Wrap device cut open at bud eye has been grafted in band leaf
It is carried out in the 20-35 days after.
Preferably, the bondage Wrap device is graft strip, it is highly preferred that the graft strip is transparent graft strip.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: transparent graft strip is used, the light of scion leaf is played
Cooperation is used, and the vigor for keeping scion is conducive to, and promotes healing, and convenient for the germination of observation scion.
Preferably, the plant is fruit tree, it is highly preferred that the plant is red bayberry.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention program is suitable for each planting fruit-trees, especially useful
It is difficult to the plant of grafting survival in red bayberry, persimmon, walnut, Chinese chestnut etc., the present invention program is equally applicable to the grafting survivals such as jujube, shaddock
The relatively high plant of rate.
Preferably, the band leaf grafting operation is to carry out in annual March to during October.
Preferably, the band leaf grafting is to carry out in annual late March to during mid-October.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: during the 3-10 month, the growth of the trees such as fruit tree is prosperous
It contains, bleeding is weaker, and healing ability is stronger.
Preferably, band leaf grafting operation selection is in the morning or dusk sunlight is strong, 18-26 DEG C of temperature, without rain or
It is carried out when branches and leaves are not wet.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: it avoids rainwater from leading to bacterium infection, reduces survival rate.
Preferably, the depth of the stock notch is 0.5-2cm longer than the length of the scion.
Preferably, the operation that the stock cuts cortex is to cut from top to bottom.
Preferably, in the step S1, the scion is the full branch of bud eye.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: using band at the branch that bud eye is full, especially petiole
There is the branch of full bud eye, it is higher due to growing cellulose content at bud eye, it can promote callus and formed, germinateed as early as possible, in turn
Promote the survival rate of grafting.
The embodiment of the present invention are as follows: a kind of vegetational zone leaf engrafting method the described method comprises the following steps:
The selection and processing of scion: selection bud eye 12 is full, the raw lignifying of 1-2 of excellent variety or semi-lignified, directly
Diameter is the branch of 0.3-0.5cm, and the branch is truncated into 3-4cm long scion, and only top retains full wafer or partial blade 11 and (will push up
The blade in portion cuts off part to obtain the final product, and plant lesser for blade can also retain entire blade), from the one of 11 petiole of blade
Side is peeled, and the long bevel 13 for exposing forming layer just, not hurting xylem is formed, as shown in Figure 1, will be opposite with the long bevel 13
One side skew back wedging shape short bevel 14, as Figure 2-3；
The selection and processing of stock 2: the strong upright branch of selection diameter 1-2cm, growth, with grafting knife in straight smooth
Xylem is against after place's opening and cuts cortex from top to bottom, and notch is slightly longer than scion (being advisable with 4-5cm)；
Band leaf is grafted: the long bevel 3 of scion is gently inserted into against stock notch, the forming layer of scion and stock is made to coincide,
It is wound from the bottom up with transparent graft strip 3, accomplishes to cut in time, connect, tie up in time in time, it is ensured that by entire scion, including blade
It is fully wrapped around, as shown in figure 4, making scion keep wet for a long time, until germination；
It manages after connecing: being cut open at bud eye after germination in 20-35 days with blade using stock itself branches and leaves shaded portions sunlight
Graft strip, cut anvil are smeared debudding in time, are uncorded after 6 months.
For the plant of vanelets, one-piece blade can be retained, and plant biggish for blade, then only retain partial blade,
And for plants such as Chinese chestnuts, then retain 1/10 blade；Avoid blade excessive, the nutrient of consumption is excessive, meanwhile, it also leads to
Bondage operation is more difficult.
1, it carries out band leaf as experimental subjects using red bayberry to graft, top only retains half vane, 100 scion per treatment, 3
Select morning or dusk sunlight not strong this period before spring at the end of month tip stops growing after stopping growing to autumn growth mid-October
Strong, 18-26 DEG C of temperature is carried out without rain or whens not wet branches and leaves.
It investigates within 8 months after grafting and survives scion number, calculating survival rate, survival rate=(surviving scion number/total scion number) ×
100%.From 10 representative scion survived of middle random selection per treatment, the maximum branch length and thickness of new pumping is measured,
Statistic diameters is greater than the branch number of 2mm, is averaged, the data obtained is as shown in table 1 below.
1 red bayberry statistical result table of table
| Serial number | Grafting time | Survival rate/% | New-tip length/cm | Young sprout number/ | Young sprout rugosity/mm |
| 1 | 3.27 | 100 | 17.6 | 2.2 | 3.6 |
| 2 | 5.8 | 100 | 12.8 | 2.0 | 2.8 |
| 3 | 6.12 | 97 | 10.5 | 1.3 | 2.1 |
| 4 | 7.20 | 95 | 12.9 | 2.1 | 2.7 |
| 5 | 9.1 | 99 | 21.4 | 2.6 | 3.5 |
2,1/5 leaf is retained as experimental subjects using persimmon and carries out band leaf grafting, selection carries out 100 scion during July
Grafting processing, meanwhile, using common side grafting method ((1 full bud eye will be stayed in scion, is being connect with knife without the scion of blade
A long bevel is first cut in the lower part of fringe, then cuts a short bevel on the opposite of the long bevel again) it is inserted into the notch of stock,
Only scion and stock contact portion are wrapped up with transparent graft strip) carry out control experiment, experimental result discovery, the persimmon of experimental example group
Sub- scion germination survival rate is 95%, and the persimmon cion survival rate of reference examples group is lower than 10%.
3,1/2 leaf is retained as experimental subjects using jujube and carries out band leaf grafting, selection carries out 100 scion graftings during August
Processing, equally carries out control experiment, experimental result discovery using common side grafting method, and the jujube tree scion of experimental example group survives germination percentage
It is 99%, and the survival rate of control group is only 67%.
After alleged " uncording after 6 months " refers to six months from the grafting in the present invention；Alleged part in the present invention
Blade is that blade is cut off to the blade after a part.
In conclusion a kind of vegetational zone leaf engrafting method provided by the invention, the present invention program is easy to operate, survival rate
Height, and it is applied widely.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalents made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content are applied directly or indirectly in relevant technical field, similarly include
In scope of patent protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of vegetational zone leaf engrafting method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
S1, scion and stock select and processing: choose 1-2 and give birth to lignifying or semi-lignified and diameter as 0.3-0.5cm's
The branch is truncated into 3-4cm and only remains with complete or partial blade scion at top, from the blade petiole by branch
One side starts to peel, and the scion after the operation of peeling has the long bevel for exposing forming layer and not hurting xylem, and will
Another side opposite with the long bevel chamfers short bevel in wedge shape；
After diameter on stock is the straight smooth place's cutting opening of upright branch of 1-2cm, it is open from described close to the vertical branch
Cortex is cut at the xylem of item and forms stock notch, and the depth of the stock notch is not shorter than the length of the scion；
S2, it grafts: the long bevel of scion being inserted into the stock notch towards the xylem, so that the formation of scion with leaf
Layer is bonded with the forming layer of stock, by scion and the bondage Wrap device bondage of stock incision；
S3, it is managed after connecing: scion being made to keep wet until germination.
2. leaf engrafting method in vegetational zone according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S3 further include: to scion
Carry out the operation of sun-shading.
3. leaf engrafting method in vegetational zone according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the stock is on the inside of trunk or to set
Branch outer periphery has the stock of dense branches and leaves, and the sun-shading is the branches and leaves shaded portions sunlight using stock itself.
4. leaf engrafting method in vegetational zone according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: the step S3 further include:
After germination, the bondage Wrap device at bud eye is cut open, cut anvil is simultaneously smeared debudding in time, uncorded after six months.
5. leaf engrafting method in vegetational zone according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described to cut open bud in the step S3
The operation of bondage Wrap device at eye, which is that the 20-35 days after the completion of grafting with leaf are interior, to be carried out.
6. leaf engrafting method in vegetational zone according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bondage Wrap device is grafting
Band.
7. leaf engrafting method in vegetational zone according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: the plant is fruit tree.
8. leaf engrafting method in vegetational zone according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the band leaf grafting operation is annual
March carries out to during October.
9. leaf engrafting method in vegetational zone according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: the band leaf grafting operation choosing
Select in the morning or dusk sunlight is strong, 18-26 DEG C of temperature, without rain or the when progress of not wet branches and leaves.
10. leaf engrafting method in vegetational zone according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: the depth of the stock notch
It spends 0.5-2.0cm longer than the length of the scion.
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| CN112567995A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-03-30 | 南京市六合区梦溪苗木专业合作社 | Grafting process for full-light leaf grafting |
| CN112740921A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-05-04 | 河北农业大学 | Double-blade grafting method for elaeagnus mollis |
| CN110881325A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-17 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Grafting preservation method for shade-loving fruit trees |
| CN110881325B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2022-03-18 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Grafting preservation method for shade-loving fruit trees |
| CN115380722A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2022-11-25 | 西南大学 | Moisturizing method for improving grafting survival rate of citrus with leaves in high-temperature period |
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