CN109192826A - A kind of LED epitaxial slice and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of LED epitaxial slice and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109192826A
CN109192826A CN201810746206.7A CN201810746206A CN109192826A CN 109192826 A CN109192826 A CN 109192826A CN 201810746206 A CN201810746206 A CN 201810746206A CN 109192826 A CN109192826 A CN 109192826A
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sublayer
layer
led epitaxial
type semiconductor
stress release
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CN109192826B (en
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丁杰
秦双娇
胡任浩
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HC Semitek Zhejiang Co Ltd
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HC Semitek Zhejiang Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
    • H01L33/12Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a stress relaxation structure, e.g. buffer layer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/005Processes
    • H01L33/0062Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds
    • H01L33/0066Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds with a substrate not being a III-V compound
    • H01L33/007Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds with a substrate not being a III-V compound comprising nitride compounds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
    • H01L33/04Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction
    • H01L33/06Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction within the light emitting region, e.g. quantum confinement structure or tunnel barrier
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
    • H01L33/14Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a carrier transport control structure, e.g. highly-doped semiconductor layer or current-blocking structure
    • H01L33/145Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a carrier transport control structure, e.g. highly-doped semiconductor layer or current-blocking structure with a current-blocking structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
    • H01L33/26Materials of the light emitting region
    • H01L33/30Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
    • H01L33/32Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen
    • H01L33/325Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen characterised by the doping materials

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  • Led Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of LED epitaxial slices and preparation method thereof, belong to technical field of semiconductors.The LED epitaxial slice includes substrate, buffer layer, n type semiconductor layer, stress release layer, active layer and p type semiconductor layer, and the buffer layer, the n type semiconductor layer, the stress release layer, the active layer and the p type semiconductor layer stack gradually over the substrate;The stress release layer includes multiple first sublayers and multiple second sublayers, the multiple first sublayer and the multiple alternately laminated setting of second sublayer;The material of first sublayer is the zinc oxide mixed with aluminium element, and the material of second sublayer is the gallium nitride mixed with phosphide element.The present invention can achieve good stress release effect, and lattice mismatch generates between sapphire and gallium nitride stress and defect is effectively avoided to extend to active layer, and the radiation recombination for being conducive to electrons and holes in active layer shines, and improve the luminous efficiency of light emitting diode.

Description

A kind of LED epitaxial slice and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of semiconductors, in particular to a kind of LED epitaxial slice and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Light emitting diode (English: Light Emitting Diode, referred to as: LED) it is electroluminescent using the PN junction of semiconductor A kind of light emitting semiconductor device made of principle of luminosity.Epitaxial wafer is the primary finished product in light emitting diode preparation process.
Existing epitaxial wafer includes substrate, buffer layer, n type semiconductor layer, active layer and p type semiconductor layer, buffer layer, N Type semiconductor layer, active layer and p type semiconductor layer stack gradually on substrate.P type semiconductor layer carries out compound hair for providing The hole of light, n type semiconductor layer are used to provide the electronics for carrying out recombination luminescence, and active layer is used to carry out the radiation of electrons and holes Recombination luminescence, substrate are used to provide growing surface for epitaxial material;The material of substrate generally selects sapphire, n type semiconductor layer Deng material generally select gallium nitride, sapphire and gallium nitride are dissimilar materials, there is biggish lattice mismatch between the two, are delayed Layer is rushed for alleviating the lattice mismatch between substrate and n type semiconductor layer.
In the implementation of the present invention, the inventor finds that the existing technology has at least the following problems:
The stress and defect that lattice mismatch generates between sapphire and gallium nitride can extend with epitaxial growth, sapphire The stress and defect that lattice mismatch generates between gallium nitride extend to active layer, and the crystal quality that will cause active layer is poor, The radiation recombination for influencing electrons and holes in active layer shines, and reduces the luminous efficiency of light emitting diode.
In order to avoid the stress of lattice mismatch generation and defect extend to active layer between sapphire and gallium nitride, it will usually Stress release layer is set between n type semiconductor layer and active layer.Stress release layer includes alternately stacked multiple InGaNs Layer and multiple gallium nitride layers, have the defects that inside gallium indium nitride layer certain, can discharge lattice between sapphire and gallium nitride The stress that mismatch generates, and gallium nitride layer and gallium indium nitride layer is alternately laminated, it may be implemented and n type semiconductor layer and active layer Crystal match.But the stress release effect of stress release layer need to be improved.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of LED epitaxial slices and preparation method thereof, are able to solve prior art indigo plant Between jewel and gallium nitride lattice mismatch generate stress and defective effect active layer in electrons and holes radiation recombination shine, The problem for causing the luminous efficiency of LED lower.The technical solution is as follows:
On the one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of LED epitaxial slice, the LED epitaxial slice packets Include substrate, buffer layer, n type semiconductor layer, stress release layer, active layer and p type semiconductor layer, the buffer layer, the N-type half Conductor layer, the stress release layer, the active layer and the p type semiconductor layer stack gradually over the substrate;It is described to answer Power releasing layer includes multiple first sublayers and multiple second sublayers, and the multiple first sublayer and the multiple second sublayer replace It is stacked;The material of first sublayer is the zinc oxide mixed with aluminium element, and the material of second sublayer is mixed with indium member The gallium nitride of element.
Optionally, in the multiple second sublayer indium component molar content along the LED epitaxial slice stacking Direction successively increases.
Preferably, in the multiple first sublayer aluminium component molar content along the LED epitaxial slice stacking Direction successively reduces.
Optionally, the molar content of aluminium component is less than or equal to 5% in first sublayer.
Optionally, the molar content of indium component is less than or equal to 3% in second sublayer.
Optionally, first sublayer with a thickness of 5nm~30nm.
Optionally, second sublayer with a thickness of 5nm~30nm.
Optionally, the stress release layer with a thickness of 0.2 μm~1 μm.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of preparation method of LED epitaxial slice, the preparation sides Method includes:
One substrate is provided;
Successively grown buffer layer, n type semiconductor layer, stress release layer, active layer and P-type semiconductor over the substrate Layer;
Wherein, the stress release layer includes multiple first sublayers and multiple second sublayers, the multiple first sublayer and The multiple alternately laminated setting of second sublayer;The material of first sublayer be mixed with aluminium element zinc oxide, described second The material of sublayer is the gallium nitride mixed with phosphide element.
Optionally, the growth temperature of the stress release layer is 800 DEG C~1000 DEG C, the growth pressure of the stress release layer Power is 100torr~500torr.
Technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention has the benefit that
By the way that stress release layer is changed to replace by the zinc oxide film mixed with aluminium element and mixed with the gallium nitride layer of phosphide element Be laminated, mixed with the zinc oxide film of aluminium element defect extended there is barrier effect, can to avoid sapphire and gallium nitride it Between lattice mismatch generate stress and defect continue to extend, promoted epitaxial wafer entirety lattice quality, effectively delay V-type defect It generates, to reduce the generation of V-type defect;It is certain mixed with haveing the defects that inside the gallium nitride layer of phosphide element simultaneously, it can release The stress that lattice mismatch generates between sapphire and gallium nitride is put, what lattice mismatch generated between alleviation sapphire and gallium nitride lacks It falls into;Therefore the zinc oxide film mixed with aluminium element and the gallium nitride layer mixed with phosphide element is alternately laminated, it on the one hand can use and mix There is the zinc oxide film of aluminium element to reduce the range that lattice mismatch influences between sapphire and gallium nitride, on the other hand can use and mix There is the gallium nitride layer of phosphide element to reduce lattice mismatch effect between sapphire and gallium nitride, two aspect comprehensive functions can To reach good stress release effect, lattice mismatch generates between sapphire and gallium nitride stress and defect is effectively avoided to prolong Active layer is reached, the radiation recombination for being conducive to electrons and holes in active layer shines, and improves the luminous efficiency of light emitting diode.And And the zinc oxide film for adulterating aluminium element can become the accumulating layer of carrier, it will be mixed with the zinc oxide film of aluminium element and mixed with indium member The gallium nitride layer of element is alternately laminated, and the carrier of accumulation can be made to sprawl rapidly in two-dimensional surface, improve two dimensional expansions of electric current Exhibition, promotes the antistatic effect of light emitting diode.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of LED epitaxial slice provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of stress release layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of showing for variation pattern of the molar content of aluminium component in stress release layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention It is intended to;
Fig. 4 is another variation pattern of the molar content of aluminium component in stress release layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is another variation pattern of the molar content of aluminium component in stress release layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is another variation pattern of the molar content of aluminium component in stress release layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is a kind of flow chart of the preparation method of LED epitaxial slice provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to embodiment party of the present invention Formula is described in further detail.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of LED epitaxial slice, Fig. 1 is a kind of hair provided in an embodiment of the present invention The structural schematic diagram of optical diode epitaxial wafer, referring to Fig. 1, which includes substrate 10, buffer layer 20, N-type Semiconductor layer 30, stress release layer 40, active layer 50 and p type semiconductor layer 60, buffer layer 20, n type semiconductor layer 30, stress are released Layer 40, active layer 50 and p type semiconductor layer 60 is put to be sequentially laminated on substrate 10.
Fig. 2 is that the structural schematic diagram of stress release layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention in the present embodiment, is answered referring to fig. 2 Power releasing layer 40 includes multiple first sublayers 41 and multiple second sublayers 42, and multiple first sublayers 41 and multiple second sublayers 42 are handed over For being stacked.The material of first sublayer 41 is the zinc oxide mixed with aluminium element, and the material of the second sublayer 42 is mixed with phosphide element Gallium nitride.
The embodiment of the present invention is by being changed to stress release layer by the zinc oxide film mixed with aluminium element and mixed with phosphide element Gallium nitride layer is alternately laminated to be formed, and extends defect with barrier effect mixed with the zinc oxide film of aluminium element, can be to avoid blue precious The stress and defect that lattice mismatch generates between stone and gallium nitride continue to extend, and promote the lattice quality of epitaxial wafer entirety, effectively Delay the generation of V-type defect, to reduce the generation of V-type defect;It is certain mixed with existing inside the gallium nitride layer of phosphide element simultaneously Defect, the stress that lattice mismatch between sapphire and gallium nitride generates can be discharged, alleviated brilliant between sapphire and gallium nitride The defect that lattice mismatch generates;Therefore the zinc oxide film mixed with aluminium element and the gallium nitride layer mixed with phosphide element is alternately laminated, one Aspect can use the range for reducing lattice mismatch influence between sapphire and gallium nitride mixed with the zinc oxide film of aluminium element, another Aspect can use the gallium nitride layer mixed with phosphide element and reduce lattice mismatch effect between sapphire and gallium nitride, and two Aspect comprehensive function can achieve good stress release effect, and lattice mismatch between sapphire and gallium nitride is effectively avoided to generate Stress and defect extend to active layer, be conducive to electrons and holes in active layer radiation recombination shine, improve light-emitting diodes The luminous efficiency of pipe.And the zinc oxide film for adulterating aluminium element can become the accumulating layer of carrier, and it will be mixed with the oxygen of aluminium element Change zinc layers and alternately laminated mixed with the gallium nitride layer of phosphide element, the carrier of accumulation can be made to sprawl rapidly in two-dimensional surface, The two-dimensional expansion for improving electric current, promotes the antistatic effect of light emitting diode.
Optionally, the molar content of aluminium component can be less than or equal to 5% in the first sublayer 41.
If the molar content of aluminium component is greater than 5% in the first sublayer, may due in the first sublayer aluminium component rub Your content is too big and causes the lattice mismatch between the first sublayer and the second sublayer larger, additional to generate stress and defect, causes The crystal quality of stress release layer is poor, and preferable crystal basis can not be provided for active layer, influences shining for light emitting diode Efficiency.
Fig. 3 is that a kind of variation pattern of the molar content of aluminium component in stress release layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention shows It is intended to, referring to Fig. 3, in a kind of implementation of the present embodiment, the molar content of aluminium component can be in each first sublayer 41 It is identical, it is relatively simple in realization and conveniently.
For example, stress release layer includes the first sublayer 41a, the second sublayer 42a, the first sublayer 41b, second stacked gradually Sublayer 42b, the first sublayer 41c, the second sublayer 42c, the first sublayer 41d, the second sublayer 42d, the first sublayer 41e, the second sublayer The molar content of aluminium component is 3% in 42e, the first sublayer 41f and the second sublayer 42f, the first sublayer 41a, in the first sublayer 41b The molar content of aluminium component is 3%, and the molar content of aluminium component is 3% in the first sublayer 41c, aluminium component in the first sublayer 41d Molar content be 3%, the molar content of aluminium component is 3% in the first sublayer 41e, mole of aluminium component in the first sublayer 41f Content is 3%.
Fig. 4 is another variation pattern of the molar content of aluminium component in stress release layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram, referring to fig. 4, in another implementation of the present embodiment, the molar content of aluminium component in multiple first sublayers 41 It can successively increase along the stacking direction of the LED epitaxial slice, the improvement effect of lattice mismatch between sapphire and gallium nitride Fruit is preferable.
For example, stress release layer includes the first sublayer 41a, the second sublayer 42a, the first sublayer 41b, second stacked gradually Sublayer 42b, the first sublayer 41c, the second sublayer 42c, the first sublayer 41d, the second sublayer 42d, the first sublayer 41e, the second sublayer The molar content of aluminium component is 1.5% in 42e, the first sublayer 41f and the second sublayer 42f, the first sublayer 41a, the first sublayer 41b The molar content of middle aluminium component is 2%, and the molar content of aluminium component is 2.5% in the first sublayer 41c, aluminium in the first sublayer 41d The molar content of component is 3%, and the molar content of aluminium component is 3.5% in the first sublayer 41e, aluminium component in the first sublayer 41f Molar content be 4%.
Fig. 5 is another variation pattern of the molar content of aluminium component in stress release layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram, referring to Fig. 5, in another implementation of the present embodiment, the molar content of aluminium component in multiple first sublayers 41 It can successively reduce along the stacking direction of the LED epitaxial slice, the improvement effect of lattice mismatch between sapphire and gallium nitride Fruit is preferable.
For example, stress release layer includes the first sublayer 41a, the second sublayer 42a, the first sublayer 41b, second stacked gradually Sublayer 42b, the first sublayer 41c, the second sublayer 42c, the first sublayer 41d, the second sublayer 42d, the first sublayer 41e, the second sublayer The molar content of aluminium component is 4% in 42e, the first sublayer 41f and the second sublayer 42f, the first sublayer 41a, in the first sublayer 41b The molar content of aluminium component is 3.5%, and the molar content of aluminium component is 3% in the first sublayer 41c, aluminium group in the first sublayer 41d The molar content divided is 2.5%, and the molar content of aluminium component is 2% in the first sublayer 41e, aluminium component in the first sublayer 41f Molar content is 1.5%.
Preferably, the molar content of indium component can be along the stacking of the LED epitaxial slice in multiple second sublayers 42 Direction successively increases.
It or include the first sublayer 41a stacked gradually, the second sublayer 42a, the first sublayer 41b, the with stress release layer Two sublayer 42b, the first sublayer 41c, the second sublayer 42c, the first sublayer 41d, the second sublayer 42d, the first sublayer 41e, the second son For layer 42e, the first sublayer 41f and the second sublayer 42f, the molar content of aluminium component is 0.5%, second in the second sublayer 42a The molar content of aluminium component is 1% in sublayer 42b, and the molar content of aluminium component is 1.5% in the second sublayer 42c, the second sublayer The molar content of aluminium component is 2% in 42d, and the molar content of aluminium component is 2.5% in the second sublayer 42e, in the second sublayer 42f The molar content of aluminium component is 3%.
The molar content of indium component successively increases along the stacking direction of the LED epitaxial slice in multiple second sublayers, Stress release layer can gradually relax towards the Quantum Well of high indium component in active layer, to preferably discharge answering in epitaxial wafer Power.The molar content of aluminium component successively reduces along the stacking direction of the LED epitaxial slice in multiple first sublayers simultaneously, The energy band of multiple first sublayers can be reduced with staged, and the mismatch between the first sublayer and the second sublayer can achieve minimum, The first sublayer will not be influenced to the barrier effect of defect simultaneously.
Fig. 6 is another variation pattern of the molar content of aluminium component in stress release layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram, referring to Fig. 6, in another implementation of the present embodiment, the molar content of aluminium component in each first sublayer 41 It can be one in the first setting value and the second setting value, the first setting value and the second setting value are different, and two neighboring the The molar content of aluminium component is different in one sublayer 41, and the improvement of lattice mismatch is preferable between sapphire and gallium nitride.
For example, stress release layer includes the first sublayer 41a, the second sublayer 42a, the first sublayer 41b, second stacked gradually Sublayer 42b, the first sublayer 41c, the second sublayer 42c, the first sublayer 41d, the second sublayer 42d, the first sublayer 41e, the second sublayer The molar content of aluminium component is 2% in 42e, the first sublayer 41f and the second sublayer 42f, the first sublayer 41a, in the first sublayer 41b The molar content of aluminium component is 4%, and the molar content of aluminium component is 2% in the first sublayer 41c, aluminium component in the first sublayer 41d Molar content be 4%, the molar content of aluminium component is 2% in the first sublayer 41e, mole of aluminium component in the first sublayer 41f Content is 4%.
Optionally, the molar content of indium component can be less than or equal to 3% in the second sublayer 42.
If the molar content of indium component is greater than 3% in the second sublayer, may due in the second sublayer indium component rub Your content is too big and causes the lattice mismatch between the first sublayer and the second sublayer larger, additional to generate stress and defect, causes The crystal quality of stress release layer is poor, and preferable crystal basis can not be provided for active layer, influences shining for light emitting diode Efficiency.
Optionally, the thickness of the first sublayer 41 can be 5nm~30nm.
If the thickness of the first sublayer is less than 5nm, can not may effectively stop since the thickness of the first sublayer is too small The stress and defect that lattice mismatch generates between sapphire and gallium nitride extend, the final luminous efficiency for influencing light emitting diode; If the thickness of the first sublayer is greater than 30nm, the first sublayer and the second son may be led to since the thickness of the first sublayer is too big Lattice mismatch between layer is larger, additional to generate stress and defect, causes the crystal quality of stress release layer poor, can not be to have Active layer provides preferable crystal basis, influences the luminous efficiency of light emitting diode.
Optionally, the thickness of the second sublayer 42 can be 5nm~30nm.
If the thickness of the second sublayer is less than 5nm, may can not be released effectively since the thickness of the second sublayer is too small What lattice mismatch generated between the stress and alleviation sapphire and gallium nitride that lattice mismatch generates between sapphire and gallium nitride lacks It falls into, the final luminous efficiency for influencing light emitting diode;If the thickness of the second sublayer is greater than 30nm, may be due to the second sublayer Thickness it is too big and cause the lattice mismatch between the first sublayer and the second sublayer larger, it is additional to generate stress and defect, cause The crystal quality of stress release layer is poor, and preferable crystal basis can not be provided for active layer, influences shining for light emitting diode Efficiency.
Optionally, the thickness of stress release layer 40 can be 0.2 μm~1 μm.
If the thickness of stress release layer less than 0.2 μm, may can not have since the thickness of stress release layer is too small Effect alleviates the lattice mismatch between sapphire and gallium nitride;If the thickness of stress release layer is greater than 1 μm, may be due to stress The thickness of releasing layer is too big and causes the waste of material, it is also possible to which luminous efficiency and forward voltage to light emitting diode cause to bear It influences.
Specifically, the quantity of the first sublayer 41 is identical as the quantity of the second sublayer 42, and the quantity of the second sublayer 42 can be 4 It is a~50, preferably 30.
Specifically, the material of substrate 10 can use sapphire (main component Al2O3), it is preferred to use [0001] crystal orientation Sapphire.The material of buffer layer 20 can use gallium nitride (GaN).The material of n type semiconductor layer 30 can use n-type doping Gallium nitride.Active layer 50 may include that multiple Quantum Well and multiple quantum are built, and multiple Quantum Well and multiple quantum build alternating layer Folded setting;The material of Quantum Well can use InGaN (InGaN), and the material that quantum is built can use gallium nitride.P-type is partly led The material of body layer 60 can be using the gallium nitride of p-type doping.
Further, the thickness of buffer layer 20 can be 15nm~35nm, preferably 25nm.The thickness of n type semiconductor layer 30 Degree can be 1 μm~5 μm, preferably 3 μm;The doping concentration of N type dopant can be 10 in n type semiconductor layer 3018cm-3~ 1019cm-3, preferably 5*1018cm-3.The thickness of Quantum Well can be 2nm~4nm, preferably 3nm;The thickness that quantum is built can be with For 9nm~20nm, preferably 15nm;The quantity of Quantum Well is identical as the quantity that quantum is built, quantum build quantity can for 5~ 11, preferably 8.The thickness of p type semiconductor layer 60 can be 100nm~800nm, preferably 450nm;P type semiconductor layer The doping concentration of P-type dopant can be 10 in 6019/cm3~1020/cm3, preferably 5*1019cm-3
Optionally, as shown in Figure 1, the gallium nitride based LED epitaxial slice can also include undoped gallium nitride 71, Undoped gallium nitride layer 71 is arranged between buffer layer 20 and n type semiconductor layer 30, to alleviate between substrate and n type semiconductor layer Lattice mismatch.
Further, the thickness of undoped gallium nitride layer 71 can be 1 μm~5 μm, preferably 3 μm.
In specific implementation, buffer layer is the gallium nitride of the layer of low-temperature epitaxy on substrate first, therefore also referred to as For low temperature buffer layer.The longitudinal growth for carrying out gallium nitride in low temperature buffer layer again will form multiple mutually independent three-dimensional islands Structure, referred to as three-dimensional nucleating layer;Then gallium nitride is carried out between each three-dimensional island structure on all three-dimensional island structures Cross growth, form two-dimension plane structure, referred to as two-dimentional retrieving layer;It is finally one layer of high growth temperature thicker on two-dimensional growth layer Gallium nitride, referred to as high temperature buffer layer.Three-dimensional nucleating layer, two-dimentional retrieving layer and high temperature buffer layer are referred to as not in the present embodiment Doped gallium nitride layer.
Optionally, as shown in Figure 1, the LED epitaxial slice can also include electronic barrier layer 72, electronic barrier layer 72 are arranged between active layer 50 and p type semiconductor layer 60, carry out into p type semiconductor layer with hole to avoid electron transition non- Radiation recombination influences the luminous efficiency of light emitting diode.
Specifically, the material of electronic barrier layer 72 can be using the aluminium gallium nitride alloy (AlGaN) of p-type doping, such as AlyGa1-yN, 0.1 < y < 0.5.
Further, the thickness of electronic barrier layer 72 can be 50nm~150nm, preferably 100nm;Electronic barrier layer 72 The doping concentration of middle P-type dopant can be 1017/cm3~1018/cm3, preferably 5*1017/cm3
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the LED epitaxial slice can also include low temperature P-type layer 73, low temperature P-type layer 73 It is arranged between active layer 50 and electronic barrier layer 72, is caused in active layer to avoid the higher growth temperature of electronic barrier layer Phosphide atom is precipitated, and influences the luminous efficiency of light emitting diode.
Specifically, the material of low temperature P-type layer 73 can be identical as p type semiconductor layer 60, is in the present embodiment p-type doping Gallium nitride.
Further, the thickness of low temperature P-type layer 73 can be 50nm~150nm, preferably 100nm;In low temperature P-type layer 73 The doping concentration of P-type dopant can be 1020/cm3~1021/cm3, preferably 5*1020/cm3
Optionally, as shown in Figure 1, the LED epitaxial slice can also include p-type contact layer 74, p-type contact layer 74 It is laid on p type semiconductor layer 60, to form Europe between the electrode or transparent conductive film that are formed in chip fabrication technique Nurse contact.
Specifically, the material of p-type contact layer 74 can be using the InGaN of p-type doping.
Further, the thickness of p-type contact layer 74 can be 5nm~200nm, preferably 102.5nm;P-type contact layer 74 The doping concentration of middle P-type dopant can be 1021/cm3~1022/cm3, preferably 6*1021/cm3
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of preparation method of LED epitaxial slice, it is suitable for preparing shown in FIG. 1 LED epitaxial slice.Fig. 7 is a kind of process of the preparation method of LED epitaxial slice provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure, referring to Fig. 7, which includes:
Step 201: a substrate is provided.
Optionally, which may include:
Controlled at 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C (preferably 1100 DEG C), in hydrogen atmosphere to substrate carry out 6 minutes~ It makes annealing treatment within 10 minutes (preferably 8 minutes);
Nitrogen treatment is carried out to substrate.
The surface for cleaning substrate through the above steps avoids being conducive to the life for improving epitaxial wafer in impurity incorporation epitaxial wafer Long quality.
Step 202: successively grown buffer layer, n type semiconductor layer, stress release layer, active layer and p-type are partly led on substrate Body layer.
In the present embodiment, stress release layer includes multiple first sublayers and multiple second sublayers, multiple first sublayers and Multiple alternately laminated settings of second sublayer.The material of first sublayer is the zinc oxide mixed with aluminium element, and the material of the second sublayer is Mixed with the gallium nitride of phosphide element.
Optionally, the growth temperature of stress release layer can be 800 DEG C~1000 DEG C, realize that effect is preferable, and use Unified growth temperature, it is fairly simple in realization and conveniently.
Optionally, the growth pressure of stress release layer can be 100torr~500torr, realize that effect is preferable, and adopt It is fairly simple in realization and conveniently with unified growth pressure.
Specifically, which may include:
The first step, controlled at 400 DEG C~600 DEG C (preferably 500 DEG C), pressure is that 400torr~600torr is (excellent It is selected as 500torr), grown buffer layer on substrate;
Second step, controlled at 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C (preferably 1100 DEG C), pressure is 100torr~500torr (preferably 300torr), grows n type semiconductor layer on the buffer layer;
Third step, the growth stress releasing layer on n type semiconductor layer;
4th step, grows active layer on stress release layer;Wherein, the growth temperature of Quantum Well is 720 DEG C~829 DEG C (preferably 770 DEG C), pressure are 100torr~500torr (preferably 300torr);Quantum build growth temperature be 850 DEG C~ 959 DEG C (preferably 900 DEG C), pressure is 100torr~500torr (preferably 300torr);
5th step, controlled at 850 DEG C~1080 DEG C (preferably 950 DEG C), pressure is that 100torr~300torr is (excellent It is selected as 200torr), the growing P-type semiconductor layer on active layer.
Optionally, after the first step, which can also include:
Controlled at 1000 DEG C~1200 DEG C (preferably 1100 DEG C), pressure be 400torr~600torr (preferably 500torr), the in-situ annealing carried out 5 minutes~10 minutes (preferably 8 minutes) to buffer layer is handled.
Optionally, before second step, which can also include:
Undoped gallium nitride layer is grown on the buffer layer.
Correspondingly, n type semiconductor layer is grown on undoped gallium nitride layer.
Specifically, undoped gallium nitride layer is grown on the buffer layer, may include:
Controlled at 1000 DEG C~1100 DEG C (preferably 1050 DEG C), pressure be 100torr~500torr (preferably 300torr), undoped gallium nitride layer is grown on the buffer layer.
Optionally, before the 5th step, which can also include:
Electronic barrier layer is grown on active layer.
Correspondingly, p type semiconductor layer is grown on electronic barrier layer.
Specifically, electronic barrier layer is grown on active layer, may include:
Controlled at 850 DEG C~1080 DEG C (preferably 950 DEG C), pressure be 200torr~500torr (preferably 350torr), electronic barrier layer is grown on active layer.
Optionally, before growing electronic barrier layer on active layer, which can also include:
The growing low temperature P-type layer on active layer.
Correspondingly, electronic barrier layer is grown in low temperature P-type layer.
Specifically, the growing low temperature P-type layer on active layer may include:
Controlled at 500 DEG C~800 DEG C (preferably 675 DEG C), pressure be 50torr~500torr (preferably 300torr), the growing low temperature P-type layer on active layer.
Optionally, after the 5th step, which can also include:
The growing P-type contact layer on p type semiconductor layer.
Specifically, the growing P-type contact layer on p type semiconductor layer may include:
Controlled at 800 DEG C~1150 DEG C (preferably 975 DEG C), pressure be 50torr~300torr (preferably 175torr), the growing P-type contact layer on p type semiconductor layer.
It should be noted that after above-mentioned epitaxial growth terminates, can first by temperature be reduced to 650 DEG C~850 DEG C (preferably It is 750 DEG C), the annealing of 5 minutes~15 minutes (preferably 10 minutes) is carried out to epitaxial wafer in nitrogen atmosphere, then again The temperature of epitaxial wafer is reduced to room temperature.
Control temperature, pressure each mean temperature, pressure in the reaction chamber of control growth epitaxial wafer, and specially metal is organic Compound chemical gaseous phase deposition (English: Metal-organic Chemical Vapor Deposition, referred to as: MOCVD) set Standby reaction chamber.Using trimethyl gallium or triethyl-gallium as gallium source when realization, high-purity ammonia is as nitrogen source, and trimethyl indium is as indium Source, trimethyl aluminium is as silicon source, and water is as oxygen source, and for diethyl zinc as zinc source, N type dopant selects silane, P-type dopant choosing With two luxuriant magnesium.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of LED epitaxial slice, the LED epitaxial slice includes substrate, buffer layer, n type semiconductor layer, answers Power releasing layer, active layer and p type semiconductor layer, the buffer layer, the stress release layer, described have the n type semiconductor layer Active layer and the p type semiconductor layer stack gradually over the substrate;It is characterized in that, the stress release layer includes multiple One sublayer and multiple second sublayers, the multiple first sublayer and the multiple alternately laminated setting of second sublayer;Described first The material of sublayer is the zinc oxide mixed with aluminium element, and the material of second sublayer is the gallium nitride mixed with phosphide element.
2. LED epitaxial slice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that indium component in the multiple second sublayer Molar content successively increase along the stacking direction of the LED epitaxial slice.
3. LED epitaxial slice according to claim 2, which is characterized in that aluminium component in the multiple first sublayer Molar content successively reduce along the stacking direction of the LED epitaxial slice.
4. described in any item LED epitaxial slices according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that in first sublayer The molar content of aluminium component is less than or equal to 5%.
5. described in any item LED epitaxial slices according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that in second sublayer The molar content of indium component is less than or equal to 3%.
6. described in any item LED epitaxial slices according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that first sublayer With a thickness of 5nm~30nm.
7. described in any item LED epitaxial slices according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that second sublayer With a thickness of 5nm~30nm.
8. described in any item LED epitaxial slices according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that the stress release layer With a thickness of 0.2 μm~1 μm.
9. a kind of preparation method of LED epitaxial slice, which is characterized in that the preparation method includes:
One substrate is provided;
Successively grown buffer layer, n type semiconductor layer, stress release layer, active layer and p type semiconductor layer over the substrate;
Wherein, the stress release layer includes multiple first sublayers and multiple second sublayers, the multiple first sublayer and described Multiple alternately laminated settings of second sublayer;The material of first sublayer is the zinc oxide mixed with aluminium element, second sublayer Material be mixed with phosphide element gallium nitride.
10. preparation method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the growth temperature of the stress release layer is 800 DEG C ~1000 DEG C, the growth pressure of the stress release layer is 100torr~500torr.
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