CN109156311A - The rice soilless breeding seeding matrix and preparation method thereof of seedling quality can be improved - Google Patents
The rice soilless breeding seeding matrix and preparation method thereof of seedling quality can be improved Download PDFInfo
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- CN109156311A CN109156311A CN201810989452.5A CN201810989452A CN109156311A CN 109156311 A CN109156311 A CN 109156311A CN 201810989452 A CN201810989452 A CN 201810989452A CN 109156311 A CN109156311 A CN 109156311A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/42—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure of granular or aggregated structure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rice soilless breeding seeding matrix that seedling quality can be improved, the raw material including following parts by weight: 30 parts of straw, wooden 15 parts of the chaff, 10 parts of coconut shell powder, 20 parts of powdered rice hulls, 10 parts of agaric bacteria residue, 15 parts of farmyard manure, 8 parts of medical stone, 5 parts of glass bead, 5 parts of fine sand, 6 parts of ammonium nitrate, 6 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of calcium chloride, 5 parts of magnesium chloride, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulphate, 1 part of boric acid and 1 part of sodium iron ethylene diamine tetra acetate.A kind of preparation method of rice soilless breeding seeding matrix that seedling quality can be improved is provided simultaneously, comprising: microwave irradiation is carried out to straw and the wooden chaff, freezes, thaws, heating obtains the first matrix；The first matrix for being adsorbed with nutrient solution is made；Medical stone is put into buffer and is impregnated, the second matrix is made；By agaric bacteria residue, farmyard manure and it is adsorbed with the first matrix of nutrient solution, the mixing of the second matrix.The present invention can effectively improve seedling quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rice soilless breeding seeding matrix.It is more particularly related to which rice shoot element can be improved in one kind
The rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of matter, belongs to Rice Cropping technical field.
Background technique
Currently, most of rice soilless breeding seeding matrix is by useless to turf, straw, farmyard manure, vinasse, papermaking
Chemical fertilizer, adhesive etc. is added in the host materials such as slurry to be formulated.Wherein, host material is in the majority with straw, existing
Technology is to there are mainly two types of the processing modes of straw: one is crushing, being mechanically pulverized, becomes after straw is dried
It is mixed at stalk powder, then by stalk powder with chemical fertilizer, obtains matrix；Another kind is decomposed fermentation, to straw
Middle addition zymophyte carries out decomposed fermentation, obtains decomposed manure, and rice hull ash, straw powder etc. are then added into decomposed manure
Matrix is made.For first way, stalk powder is only simply mixed with chemical fertilizer, during cultivating rice shoot, is changed
It learns fertilizer to be easy to be lost, and chemical fertilizer is contacted with air and can be failed for a long time, and fertilizer efficiency is caused to reduce, nutritional ingredient is insufficient；
For the second way, nutritional ingredient, cannot be raw for rice shoot than relatively limited in the decomposed manure that obtains after fermentation of plant straws
It is long that sufficient nutrient is provided.
In addition, the growth and development of rice seedling has a most suitable pH range, when super go beyond the scope, rice shoot can be reduced
Quality, or even cause rice shoot dead.Currently, the prior art is usually to use acid or alkali by the pH of matrix in the preparation process of matrix
It is adjusted to most suitable range, and does not have any pH control measure in the use process of matrix, due to the growth with rice shoot, rice shoot
Nutriment in the continuous absorption base of meeting, causes the pH of matrix to change, and beyond its most suitable pH range, just needs at this time
The pH of matrix is adjusted, guarantees that rice shoot is grown within the scope of most suitable pH, to improve seedling quality.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of rice soilless breeding seeding matrix that seedling quality can be improved, and can be rice
The growth of rice shoot provides sufficient nutritional ingredient, improves seedling quality, while being also adjustable the pH of matrix in use, protects
The pH of card matrix is maintained always within the scope of the optimal pH of seedling growth, to guarantee the growth of rice shoot, improves seedling quality.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of preparation sides of rice soilless breeding seeding matrix that seedling quality can be improved
Method can effectively increase the porosity of straw and wooden chaff surface, improve the absorption property of straw and the wooden chaff, so as to
The nutrient solution of nutrition general equilibrium is sufficiently adsorbed in the surface pore of straw and the wooden chaff, to be provided for seedling growth
Sufficient nutrient is also adjustable the pH of matrix in use, and the pH of matrix is made to maintain the most suitable of seedling growth always
Within the scope of pH, guarantee the normal growth of rice shoot.
In order to realize these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a kind of rice that seedling quality can be improved is provided
Soilless breeding seeding matrix, the raw material including following parts by weight: 30 parts of straw, wooden 15 parts of chaff, 10 parts of coconut shell powder, powdered rice hulls 20
Part, 10 parts of agaric bacteria residue, 15 parts of farmyard manure, 8 parts of medical stone, 5 parts of glass bead, 5 parts of fine sand, 6 parts of ammonium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
6 parts, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of calcium chloride, 5 parts of magnesium chloride, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulphate, 1 part of boric acid and ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid
1 part of ferrisodium.
The method that the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can also further can be improved in the purpose of the present invention by preparation
It realizes, method includes the following steps:
Step 1: straw, the wooden chaff, coconut shell powder and powdered rice hulls are weighed by weight, straw and the wooden chaff are set
Dry 3h, crushes after cooling at 100 DEG C, crosses 50 mesh screens, then mix with coconut shell powder, powdered rice hulls, stirs evenly, must mix
The aqueous solution including two kinds of solutes of sodium hydroxide and sodium peroxydisulfate is added into mixed-powder, stirs evenly, is with power for powder
The microwave irradiation 5min of 600W, is then stirred to react 3h, then is placed under -20 DEG C of environment and freezes 12h, takes out postposition and solves at room temperature
Freeze, concentration, then be placed at 100 DEG C and dry, obtains pretreated mixed-powder, it in the absence of air conditions, will be pretreated mixed
Conjunction powder, which is placed at 200 DEG C, preheats 2h, then is placed at 500 DEG C and heats 1h, takes out after cooling, obtains the first matrix, wherein hydroxide
The mass ratio of sodium and sodium peroxydisulfate is 1:1, the quality of solute in the aqueous solution including two kinds of solutes of sodium hydroxide and sodium peroxydisulfate
Score is 30%, and the additive amount of the solution is 5 times of mixed-powder weight；
Step 2: ammonium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc sulfate, sulfuric acid are weighed by weight
Copper, boric acid and sodium iron ethylene diamine tetra acetate, mixing, add sterile water to dissolve, and are made into the solution that mass fraction is 10%, use phosphoric acid
The pH value of solution is adjusted to 5, obtains nutrient solution, nutrient solution is divided into three parts, the first matrix that step 1 is obtained is spread out into thickness
For the bisque of 5cm, a copy of it nutrient solution is sprayed on bisque, is turned in sprinkling, then will be mixed with the bisque of nutrient solution
Gather in heaps, covered tightly with black plastic film, it is bored to set 12h, continue to repeat it is above-mentioned spread out, spray, turning, gather it is in heaps and bored
Operation 2 times is set, remaining two portions of nutrient solutions are also sprayed on bisque, is subsequently placed at 70 DEG C and dries, it is cooling, it takes out, obtains
It is adsorbed with the first matrix of nutrient solution；
Step 3: weighing medical stone, glass bead and fine sand by weight, cleans, and the medical stone of drying is put by drying
1h is impregnated in the phosphate buffer that pH value is 5, is mixed after taking-up with the glass bead of drying and fine sand, then be placed in 100 DEG C of backspins
Become a cadre dry, continues to repeat above-mentioned immersion, mixing, spin drying operation 3 times, obtain the second matrix；
Step 4: weighing agaric bacteria residue and farmyard manure by weight, the suction that agaric bacteria residue, farmyard manure and step 2 are obtained
The second matrix mixing that the first matrix, step 3 with nutrient solution obtain, stirs evenly, and adjusting water content is 40%, obtains water
Rice soilless breeding seeding matrix.
Preferably, farmyard manure is human and animal excreta, and in step 4, farmyard manure is first pre-processed using preceding, pre- to locate
Reason process include: by farmyard manure dry to water content be 40%, weigh weight be farmyard manure weight 15% dry rice straw, hand hay cutter growth
It broken section of degree≤1cm, is then placed in water and impregnates 1h, take out, be added in the farmyard manure that water content is 40%, while adding hair
Yeast-like fungi is uniformly mixed, is placed at 45 DEG C the 72h that ferments, primary every turning for 24 hours in fermentation process, is placed in 70 again after fermentation
It sterilizes 5 days at DEG C, wherein zymogenic additive amount is the 5 ‰ of farmyard manure weight, and zymogenic strain is enterococcus faecalis.
Preferably, agaric bacteria residue is black fungus bacteria residue, and in step 4, agaric bacteria residue is first located in advance using preceding
Reason, preprocessing process include: agaric fungus ground-slag is broken, sieving, take partial size≤2cm agaric bacteria residue, 1:1 in mass ratio weighs fourth
Fragrant and wormwood is placed at 80 DEG C dry 12h, crushes, and mixing crosses 50 mesh screens, obtains cloves and wormwood mixed-powder, by cloves and
Wormwood mixed-powder is added in partial size≤2cm agaric bacteria residue, stirs evenly, wherein cloves and wormwood mixed-powder add
Dosage is the 5% of partial size≤2cm agaric bacteria residue weight.
Preferably, straw is the mixture of wheat stalk, corn stover and rice straw, wheat stalk, corn
The mass ratio of stalk and rice straw is 1:1:1.
Preferably, medical stone is spherical medical stone, partial size 1cm.
The present invention is include at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) rice soilless breeding seeding matrix provided by the invention can improve seedling quality well, be mechanization Rice Cropping
The rice shoot of good quality is provided, promote rice increases income volume increase.
(2) glass bead and fine sand for including in rice soilless breeding seeding matrix provided by the invention can increase the sky of matrix
Gap rate enables oxygen to come into full contact with rice shoot root to enhance the gas permeability of matrix, promotes the growth of rice shoot root, improves
Seedling quality.
(3) in preparation method provided by the invention, when handling straw and the wooden chaff, first with sodium hydroxide
The solution being made into sodium peroxydisulfate both solutes carries out oxidation processes to straw and the wooden chaff, then breaks under microwave irradiation
The sealer of bad straw and the wooden chaff keeps straw and the wooden chaff sealer complete using freezing and operation of thawing
Full rupture finally effectively increases the porosity of straw and wooden chaff surface, to improve straw using segmentally heating
With the absorption property of the wooden chaff；The nutrient solution of nutrition general equilibrium is prepared simultaneously, be sprayed at that treated straw and wood
On chaff, be adsorbed it, by repeatedly spray with it is bored set operation after, nutrient solution can be made sufficiently to be adsorbed on straw and the wooden chaff
Surface pore in, avoid nutrient solution from being lost, while reducing contact of the nutrient solution with air, guarantee the fertilizer efficiency of nutrient solution, thus
Guarantee in straw and the wooden chaff containing sufficient nutrient for the growth and development of rice shoot.
(4) in preparation method provided by the invention, medical stone can adsorb a large amount of phosphorus after phosphate buffer impregnates
Acid buffer, these buffers can be released gradually during matrix use, adjusted the pH of matrix, made the pH of matrix
Always within the scope of the optimal pH for maintaining rice seedling growth, promote the growth of rice shoot, improve seedling quality.
(5) present invention prepares seedling raising ground substance using straw, the wooden chaff of recycling, on the one hand can solve using traditional
What Nutrition Soil seedling raising ground substance occurred takes native difficult problem, on the other hand the wastes such as stalk, the wooden chaff can be turned waste into wealth, save money
Source mitigates environmental pressure, while bring environmental pollution when eliminating these castoff burnings.
Further advantage, target and feature of the invention will be partially reflected by the following instructions, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to example, the present invention is described in further detail, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification text
Word can be implemented accordingly.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein do not allot one or more
The presence or addition of a other elements or combinations thereof.
<embodiment 1>
The preparation method that the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved includes: to weigh straw 30 by weight
Straw and the wooden chaff are placed at 100 DEG C dry 3h, after cooling by part, wooden 15 parts of the chaff, 10 parts of coconut shell powder and 20 parts of powdered rice hulls
It crushes, crosses 50 mesh screens, then mix with coconut shell powder, powdered rice hulls, stir evenly, obtain mixed-powder, be added into mixed-powder
Aqueous solution including two kinds of solutes of sodium hydroxide and sodium peroxydisulfate, stirs evenly, the microwave irradiation 5min for being 600W with power, so
After be stirred to react 3h, then be placed under -20 DEG C of environment and freeze 12h, take out postposition and thaw at room temperature, be concentrated, then be placed at 100 DEG C
Drying, obtains pretreated mixed-powder, in the absence of air conditions, pretreated mixed-powder is placed at 200 DEG C and is preheated
2h, then be placed at 500 DEG C and heat 1h, it is taken out after cooling, obtains the first matrix, wherein the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide and sodium peroxydisulfate
For 1:1, the mass fraction of solute is 30% in the aqueous solution including two kinds of solutes of sodium hydroxide and sodium peroxydisulfate, which adds
Dosage is 5 times of mixed-powder weight；6 parts of ammonium nitrate, 6 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, calcium chloride 4 are weighed by weight
Part, 5 parts of magnesium chloride, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulphate, 1 part of boric acid and 1 part of sodium iron ethylene diamine tetra acetate, mixing, add sterile water
Dissolution is made into the solution that mass fraction is 10%, the pH value of solution is adjusted to 5 with phosphoric acid, nutrient solution is obtained, nutrient solution is divided into
Three parts, the first matrix obtained above is spread out into the bisque with a thickness of 5cm, a copy of it nutrient solution is sprayed on bisque, side
Sprinkling side turns, and then gathers the bisque for being mixed with nutrient solution in heaps, is covered tightly with black plastic film, bored to set 12h, continues to repeat
It is above-mentioned spread out, spray, turning, gather it is in heaps and it is bored set operation 2 times, remaining two portions of nutrient solutions are also sprayed at bisque
On, it is subsequently placed at 70 DEG C and dries, it is cooling, it takes out, the first matrix of nutrient solution must be adsorbed with；Medical stone 8 is weighed by weight
Part, 5 parts of glass bead and 5 parts of fine sand are cleaned, and the medical stone of drying is put into the phosphate buffer that pH value is 5 and impregnates by drying
1h is mixed after taking-up with the glass bead of drying and fine sand, then is placed at 100 DEG C and is rotarily dried, and is continued to repeat above-mentioned immersion, be mixed
It closes, spin drying operation 3 times, obtains the second matrix；10 parts and 15 parts of farmyard manure of agaric bacteria residue are weighed by weight, by agaric fungus
Slag, farmyard manure and the first matrix obtained above for being adsorbed with nutrient solution, the second matrix obtained above mixing, stir evenly,
Adjusting water content is 40%, obtains rice soilless breeding seeding matrix.
Wherein, farmyard manure is human and animal excreta, and farmyard manure is first pre-processed using preceding, and preprocessing process includes: by agriculture
Family's fertilizer sunning to water content is 40%, weighs the dry rice straw that weight is farmyard manure weight 15%, is cut up with a hay cutter into broken section of length≤1cm,
It is then placed in water and impregnates 1h, take out, be added in the farmyard manure that water content is 40%, while adding zymophyte, be uniformly mixed,
The 72h that ferments is placed at 45 DEG C, it is primary every turning for 24 hours in fermentation process, it is placed at 70 DEG C and sterilizes 5 days again after fermentation,
In, zymogenic additive amount is the 5 ‰ of farmyard manure weight, and zymogenic strain is enterococcus faecalis.Agaric bacteria residue is black fungus bacterial
Slag, agaric bacteria residue are first pre-processed using preceding, and preprocessing process includes: agaric fungus ground-slag is broken, sieving, take partial size≤
The agaric bacteria residue of 2cm, in mass ratio 1:1 weigh cloves and wormwood, are placed at 80 DEG C dry 12h, crush, and 50 meshes are crossed in mixing
Net obtains cloves and wormwood mixed-powder, and cloves and wormwood mixed-powder are added in partial size≤2cm agaric bacteria residue, stirring
Uniformly, wherein the additive amount of cloves and wormwood mixed-powder is the 5% of partial size≤2cm agaric bacteria residue weight.Straw is
The mass ratio of the mixture of wheat stalk, corn stover and rice straw, wheat stalk, corn stover and rice straw is 1:1:
1.Medical stone is spherical medical stone, partial size 1cm.
In order to illustrate effect of the invention, it is as follows that inventor provides comparative experiments:
<comparative example 1>
The rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved, and the preparation method is the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that: raw material
Glass bead and fine sand are not added in formula.
<comparative example 2>
The rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved, and the preparation method is the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that: plant
After stalk and the wooden chaff drying and crushing, 50 mesh screens is crossed, then mix with coconut shell powder, powdered rice hulls, stirred evenly to get the first base
Then matter carries out subsequent processing to the first matrix.
<comparative example 3>
The rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved, and the preparation method is the same as that of Example 1, the difference is that: by wheat
Up to the second matrix after the clean drying of meal stone, glass bead and fine sand, and does not have to phosphate buffer and impregnate medical stone.
The measuring method of seedling growth situation: weigh identical weight embodiment 1 and comparative example 1~3 prepared by rice
Soilless breeding seeding matrix is laid on respectively on the seedling disk of same size, and the rice paddy seed of identical quantity is sowed on each seedling disk,
During cultivating seeds, the management measure of each seedling disk is all the same, and the growing state of rice shoot is observed after 25 days, counts each seedling disk
Emergence rate, percentage establishment of seedling and the seedling quality of upper rice shoot, wherein seedling quality includes: that leaf age, plant height, stem foot be wide, the total root of single plant
Number repeats said determination three times, is averaged.
After measured, the growing state of rice shoot such as the following table 1:
[table 1]
From upper table 1, it can be seen that the emergence rate of embodiment 1 is 99%, percentage establishment of seedling is 95% or more, and in seedling quality
Indices it is excellent, illustrate embodiment 1 prepare rice soilless breeding seeding matrix can promote sprouting for rice paddy seed well
Hair, and makes it be grown to complete rice shoot, while can promote the growth of rice shoot, especially to plant height, stem foot is wide and single plant is total
Radical has significant facilitation effect, and then cultivates the rice shoot of good quality, with the mechanized cultivation for rice.
Compared with Example 1, the preparation method that the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved is identical for comparative example 1,
The difference is that: without addition glass bead and fine sand in composition of raw materials.From upper table 1, it can be seen that the emergence rate of comparative example 1
It is below embodiment 1 with percentage establishment of seedling, the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix for illustrating prepared by comparative example 1 cannot promote rice paddy seed well
Sprouting, while the plant height of comparative example 1, stem foot are wide and apparent reduction occurs in the total radical of single plant, illustrate prepared by comparative example 1
Rice soilless breeding seeding matrix cannot promote the growth of the rice shoot after sprouting well, the seedling quality cultivated is significantly lower than
Embodiment 1.This is because the voidage of matrix can be increased after glass bead and fine sand are added in matrix, to enhance base
The gas permeability of matter, the rice shoot root after enabling oxygen and rice paddy seed and sprouting come into full contact with, promote the sprouting of rice paddy seed with
And the growth of rice shoot root, to the plant height of rice shoot, stem foot is wide and the total radical of single plant has apparent facilitation, can effectively improve
Seedling quality.
Compared with Example 1, the preparation method that the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved is identical for comparative example 2,
The difference is that: after straw and the wooden chaff drying and crushing, 50 mesh screens is crossed, then mix with coconut shell powder, powdered rice hulls, stirred
Uniformly to get the first matrix, located without the mixture to straw, the wooden chaff, coconut shell powder and powdered rice hulls is further
Reason.From upper table 1, it can be seen that the emergence rate and percentage establishment of seedling of comparative example 2 are substantially reduced, each index also occurs in seedling quality
It is substantially reduced, especially plant height, stem foot be wide and the total radical of single plant, illustrates rice soilless breeding seeding matrix prepared by comparative example 2 not
It can promote the sprouting of rice paddy seed and the growth of the rice shoot after sprouting well, the seedling quality cultivated is significantly lower than real
Apply example 1.This is because when the mixture to straw, the wooden chaff, coconut shell powder and powdered rice hulls is further processed, hydroxide
The solution that sodium and sodium peroxydisulfate both solutes are made into can aoxidize straw and wooden chaff surface, then in microwave irradiation
The sealer that straw and the wooden chaff can be destroyed down can make straw and the wooden chaff using freezing and operation of thawing
Sealer be completely severed, finally can effectively increase the porosity of straw and the wooden chaff surface by segmentally heating,
The absorption property of straw and the wooden chaff is improved, so that nutrient solution be enable sufficiently to be adsorbed on the surface pore of straw and the wooden chaff
In, it avoids nutrient solution from being lost, while reducing contact of the nutrient solution with air, guarantees the fertilizer efficiency of nutrient solution, to be rice paddy seed
Sprouting and sprouting after rice shoot improve sufficient nutrient, promote the growth of rice shoot, improve seedling quality.
Compared with Example 1, the preparation method that the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved is identical for comparative example 3,
The difference is that: medical stone, glass bead and fine sand are cleaned after drying up to the second matrix, without with phosphate buffer
Impregnate medical stone.From upper table 1, it can be seen that the emergence rate and percentage establishment of seedling of comparative example 3 have certain reduction, strain in seedling quality
Height, stem foot is wide and the total radical of single plant is decreased obviously, and the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix for illustrating prepared by comparative example 3 cannot be well
The sprouting of rice paddy seed and the growth of the rice shoot after sprouting, the seedling quality cultivated is promoted to be lower than embodiment 1.This be because
It is medical stone after phosphate buffer impregnates, a large amount of phosphate buffer can be adsorbed, what these buffers were used in matrix
Can gradually release in the process, adjust the pH of matrix, thus enable the pH of matrix maintain always rice seed germination with
And within the scope of the optimal pH of seedling growth, and then the sprouting of rice paddy seed and the growth of the rice shoot after sprouting are effectively facilitated, it is special
It is not to the growth of the rice shoot after sprouting, facilitation is more obvious, right because the rice shoot after sprouting is during growth
The requirement of pH is relatively high, and when exceeding optimal pH range, the growth of rice shoot will slow down, and is unfavorable for the cultivation of rice shoot, can be serious
Reduce seedling quality.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and example shown and described herein.
Claims (6)
1. the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved, which is characterized in that the raw material including following parts by weight: plant straw
30 parts of stalk, wooden 15 parts of chaff, 10 parts of coconut shell powder, 20 parts of powdered rice hulls, 10 parts of agaric bacteria residue, 15 parts of farmyard manure, 8 parts of medical stone, glass
Change 5 parts of microballon, 5 parts of fine sand, 6 parts of ammonium nitrate, 6 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of calcium chloride, 5 parts of magnesium chloride, sulfuric acid
2 parts of zinc, 2 parts of copper sulphate, 1 part of boric acid and 1 part of sodium iron ethylene diamine tetra acetate.
2. the preparation method of the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The following steps are included:
Step 1: weighing straw, the wooden chaff, coconut shell powder and powdered rice hulls by weight, and straw and the wooden chaff are placed in 100
Dry 3h, crushes after cooling at DEG C, crosses 50 mesh screens, then mix with coconut shell powder, powdered rice hulls, stirs evenly, obtain mixed-powder,
The aqueous solution including two kinds of solutes of sodium hydroxide and sodium peroxydisulfate is added into mixed-powder, stirs evenly, is 600W with power
Microwave irradiation 5min, be then stirred to react 3h, then be placed under -20 DEG C of environment and freeze 12h, take out postposition thaw at room temperature,
Concentration, then be placed at 100 DEG C and dry, pretreated mixed-powder is obtained, in the absence of air conditions, by pretreated mixed powder
End, which is placed at 200 DEG C, preheats 2h, then is placed at 500 DEG C and heats 1h, takes out after cooling, obtains the first matrix, wherein sodium hydroxide and
The mass ratio of sodium peroxydisulfate is 1:1, the mass fraction of solute in the aqueous solution including two kinds of solutes of sodium hydroxide and sodium peroxydisulfate
It is 30%, the additive amount of the solution is 5 times of mixed-powder weight；
Step 2: weigh by weight ammonium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate,
Boric acid and sodium iron ethylene diamine tetra acetate, mixing, add sterile water to dissolve, and are made into the solution that mass fraction is 10%, will with phosphoric acid
The pH value of solution is adjusted to 5, obtains nutrient solution, and nutrient solution is divided into three parts, the first matrix booth that step 1 is obtained at a thickness of
A copy of it nutrient solution is sprayed on bisque by the bisque of 5cm, is turned in sprinkling, is then gathered the bisque for being mixed with nutrient solution
Hold together in heaps, is covered tightly with black plastic film, it is bored to set 12h, continue to repeat above-mentioned spread out, spray, turning, gathering in heaps and bored set
Operation 2 times, remaining two portions of nutrient solutions are also sprayed on bisque, is subsequently placed at 70 DEG C and dries, cooling, are taken out, must be inhaled
The first matrix with nutrient solution；
Step 3: weighing medical stone, glass bead and fine sand by weight, cleans, and the medical stone of drying is put into pH value by drying
To impregnate 1h in 5 phosphate buffer, mixed after taking-up with the glass bead of drying and fine sand, then be placed in 100 DEG C of backspins and become a cadre
It is dry, continue to repeat above-mentioned immersion, mixing, spin drying operation 3 times, obtains the second matrix；
Step 4: weighing agaric bacteria residue and farmyard manure by weight, is adsorbed with what agaric bacteria residue, farmyard manure and step 2 obtained
The mixing of the second matrix that the first matrix, the step 3 of nutrient solution obtain, stirs evenly, and adjusting water content is 40%, obtain rice without
Native seedling raising ground substance.
3. the preparation method of the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
Farmyard manure is human and animal excreta, and in step 4, farmyard manure is first pre-processed using preceding, and preprocessing process includes: by farmers'
Fertilizer sunning to water content is 40%, weighs the dry rice straw that weight is farmyard manure weight 15%, cuts up with a hay cutter at broken section of length≤1cm, so
It impregnates 1h into the water afterwards, takes out, be added in the farmyard manure that water content is 40%, while adding zymophyte, be uniformly mixed, set
Ferment 72h at 45 DEG C, primary every turning for 24 hours in fermentation process, is placed at 70 DEG C and sterilizes 5 days again after fermentation, wherein
Zymogenic additive amount is the 5 ‰ of farmyard manure weight, and zymogenic strain is enterococcus faecalis.
4. the preparation method of the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
Agaric bacteria residue is black fungus bacteria residue, and in step 4, agaric bacteria residue is first pre-processed using preceding, and preprocessing process includes:
Agaric fungus ground-slag is broken, and sieving takes partial size≤2cm agaric bacteria residue, 1:1 in mass ratio weighs cloves and wormwood, is placed in 80 DEG C
Lower dry 12h is crushed, and mixing crosses 50 mesh screens, obtains cloves and wormwood mixed-powder, and cloves and wormwood mixed-powder are added
It into partial size≤2cm agaric bacteria residue, stirs evenly, wherein the additive amount of cloves and wormwood mixed-powder is partial size≤2cm
The 5% of agaric bacteria residue weight.
5. the preparation method of the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
Straw is the mixture of wheat stalk, corn stover and rice straw, the matter of wheat stalk, corn stover and rice straw
Amount is than being 1:1:1.
6. the preparation method of the rice soilless breeding seeding matrix of seedling quality can be improved as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
Medical stone is spherical medical stone, partial size 1cm.
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Application publication date: 20190108 |