CN109156296A - A kind of 1 year plantation two season sweet potato method - Google Patents
A kind of 1 year plantation two season sweet potato method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109156296A CN109156296A CN201811049258.5A CN201811049258A CN109156296A CN 109156296 A CN109156296 A CN 109156296A CN 201811049258 A CN201811049258 A CN 201811049258A CN 109156296 A CN109156296 A CN 109156296A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/20—Forcing-frames; Lights, i.e. glass panels covering the forcing-frames
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The invention discloses the methods of a kind of 1 year two season of plantation sweet potato, this method passes through electric seed bed heater nursery, nursery stage can be advanced to January, and first season plant is carried out in March, planting density is larger when the first season transplants, and ridge compartment is covered with black and white film after transplanting, to keep the temperature and humidity in ridge compartment；Yellow leaf plot is sprayed urea 2~3 times after first season plant, is sprayed potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2~3 times in the growth of sweet potato middle and later periods；First season sweet potato intercepts its climing point in June~August harvest, the sweet potato climing rattan that selection is grown fine before harvesting, and obtains climing sharp seedling；In situ ridging after sweet potato rewarding, and climing sharp seedling plant can be harvested into second season sweet potato into plot before the Beginning of Winter.Using the method in the present invention, it can effectively solve the problems, such as southwest sweet potato plantation low output and increase local sweet potato plantation pest and disease damage risk.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sweet potato planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of 1 year two season of plantation sweet potato method.
Background technique
Sweet potato is asexually propagated crop, for the purpose of harvesting nutrition organs, so the people generally believe growth for a long time
Phase, more long then yield was higher.In recent years multinational research institution points out to select suitable sweet potato variety, multiple crop index can be improved, and mention
Early harvest and listing, harvest can keep away calamity ahead of time, resist serious natural calamity etc., increase the income of grower.
Southwest weather category middle subtropical zone moist climate region.Area's whole year warm and moist, 16~18 DEG C of samming of year, day temperature
240~280 days >=10 DEG C of durations, accumulated temperature reach 4000~5000 DEG C, rejuvenate early, winter warm summer heat, and frost-free period 230~
340d.Due to the advantage of geographical conditions, this potato area has pest and disease damage few a little, and common sweet potato disease only has black spot.Mesh
The preceding vast sweet potato farmer in southwest is essentially all 1 year one season of plantation sweet potato, few in seven August sweet potato quantity, and city
Field demand is big, is easy to appear the situation that supply falls short of demand.
The sweet potato production owner of present part southwest is also attempting 1 year two season of the plantation even method of more season sweet potatoes,
These methods typically directly introduce seedling from south, but since southern potato area is more serious than the pest and disease damage of southwest, including
Potato seasonal febrile diseases, dead arm, and the small weevil of devastating impact can be caused to production, so, seedling is directly introduced, will increase local
The risk of sweet potato pest and disease damage.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides the method for a kind of 1 year two season of plantation sweet potato, to solve southwest
The problem of sweet potato plants low output and increases local sweet potato plantation pest and disease damage risk.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: sweet potato of a kind of 1 year two season of plantation is provided
Method, comprising the following steps:
(1) growing seedling in hotbed: electric seed bed heater is built in January, and bed temperature is risen to 18~23 DEG C, by the potato Jing Guo sterilization treatment
Kind presses 15~20kg/m2Density carry a coffin to the burial place kind into electric seed bed heater, then controlling bed temperature is 30~35 DEG C, soil moisture is 78%~
82%, until potato kind is emerged；After emergence, adjusting bed temperature is 25~30 DEG C, and soil moisture is 78%~80%, until potato seedling growth it is long to 18~
20cm；Then soil moisture is adjusted to 55%~60% in the case where bed temperature is constant, make potato seedling growth grow to 25 naturally~
27cm, then breeding ground temperature is adjusted downward to 18~20 DEG C, after soil moisture control is 50%~55%, 10~15 days clip potato seedling growth into
Row plant；
(2) primary plant: in the plot that early March or the middle ten days select ventilation, light transmission good, after spreading fertilizer over the fields insecticide and organic fertilizer
Deep ploughing ridging, the high 25~30cm in ridge, ridge 90~100cm of spacing；Then potato seedling growth is planted to by 4000~5000 plants/acre of density
On the compartment of ridge, ridge compartment is covered with black and white mulch after irrigating bottom water；
(3) field management: benefit cultivation in 4~5 days was short of seedling after cultivation, and every 7 days plot foliage-sprays to yellow leaf
The urea liquid that mass concentration is 2%, sprays 2~3 times in total；In the growth of sweet potato middle and later periods every 7 days foliage-sprays one
Inferior quality concentration is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, even spray 2~3 times；40~50 days after cultivation, open black and white mulch, allow sweet potato from
By growing to maturation；
(4) primary harvest: selecting the sweet potato climing rattan to grow fine in late June to early August, and intercepted length is 20~
The climing point of 30cm obtains climing sharp seedling, places it at yin and save, then harvests sweet potato in fine day；
(5) secondary plant: the ridging again in the plot after primary harvest, ridge height and ridge spacing and primary plant phase
Together；Then climing sharp seedling is planted on newly-built ridge compartment by 4000~5000 plants/acre of density, and waters and keeps a full stand of seedings；
(6) secondary field management: the cultivation of 2~3 days benefits is short of seedling after cultivation, then primary every watering in 5~7 days, water 1 in total~
2 times, and during the growth process, intertillage is hoed up weeds 2~3 times, and 3~5cm of depth is intertilled；Then allow sweet potato free growth to maturation；
(7) aftercrop: fine day is selected to harvest sweet potato before the Beginning of Winter.
The present invention makes full use of southwest geographical conditions and climatic superiority, by carrying a coffin to the burial place in advance kind, before protecting field heating hand-held
The technical measures such as nursery realize the purpose of 1 year two season of plantation sweet potato.Potato kind is carried a coffin to the burial place into kind on electric seed bed heater in the present invention, electric heating
Potato kind can be heated to temperature of most preferably emerging by breeding ground, so that potato kind also can be quickly emerged in cold January, the shifting of potato seedling growth in advance significantly
Plant the time；The present invention uses electric seed bed heater rather than heated kang, is because not only temperature is easier to control electric seed bed heater relative to heated kang
System, and during heating will not generation environment pollutant, it is environmentally friendly.
Bed temperature is first risen to 18~23 DEG C, avoids kind of a frostbite potato kind of directly carrying a coffin to the burial place by the present invention before kind of carrying a coffin to the burial place；The initial rank of nursery
Section, bed temperature and soil moisture are controlled in higher range, be can promote the emergence of potato kind, are shortened seedling-growing time；After emergence, to keep away
Exempt from burn potato seedling growth, bed temperature decreases；It is after potato seedling growth grows to 18~20cm, soil is wet since sweet potato happiness is dry
Degree is adjusted downward to 55%~60%, it is ensured that the fast-growth of potato seedling growth；It is long to after 25~27cm, starting hardening after potato seedling growth, bed temperature and
Soil moisture reduces, and can rapidly adapt to new growing environment after transplanting potato seedling growth.
The present invention covers ridge compartment with black and white mulch after by potato seedling growth plant to ridge compartment, is among black and white mulch
Tunica albuginea, two sides are black film, and potato seedling growth passes through tunica albuginea and is planted on the compartment of ridge, can avoid under strong sunshine that there is a situation where potato seedling growths to burn, two
The black film light transmittance of side is low, and radiant heat can make the range of temperature of mulched ground small, i.e., heat insulation effect is good, has through less
Conducive to surviving for potato seedling growth；Moreover, weed growth is difficult after overlay film, the growth of weeds on the compartment of ridge can control, reduce difficulty of hoeing up weeds.
After potato seedling growth plant of the present invention, urea liquid is sprayed to the plot of yellow leaf, N element can be supplemented to sweet potato, promoted
It carries out photosynthesis, is conducive to surviving for sweet potato；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate are sprayed in the growth of sweet potato middle and later periods
The case where can avoid subalimentation caused by sweet potato root system absorbability declines, the sweet potato of potato seedling growth and underground can normally give birth to
It is long.
Well-grown sweet potato climing rattan top is intercepted and is retained, as the climing of secondary plant before primary harvest by the present invention
Sharp seedling reduces seedling raising process, shortens the plant time, and plant process significantly simplifies.
In the present invention after secondary plant, other than early period needs watering to keep a full stand of seedings due to hot weather, do not need to carry out again
Other processing, reduce labor management intensity and cost, economic benefit is good.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
Further, the wiring spacing of heating wire is 5~10cm in electric seed bed heater, and thickness of earth covering is 5cm on heating wire；Electric heating
Line is formed in parallel by two electric wires, and heating voltage 220V or heating wire are formed by three electric wire star-like connections, is added
Thermal voltage is 380V.
The present invention can be heated when building electric seed bed heater using single-phase electricity, can also be added using three-phase electricity
Heat, heating method is flexible, is not limited by place and power grid, can build in most of areas, application easy to spread.
Further, potato kind is southern potato 88, imperial potato 9, cigarette potato 25, wide potato 87, southern purple sweet potato 008, general potato 32 or fragrant potato.
Further, in step (1) potato kind sterilization treatment method are as follows: potato kind is placed in 50% carbendazol wettable powder
8~10min is impregnated in 500~600 times of medical fluids, is pulled out and is drained, must sterilize potato kind.
Potato kind of the invention first passes through carbendazim solution immersion, the fungi in soil can be prevented to potato kind before kind of carrying a coffin to the burial place
Cause disease, guarantees that potato kind can normally emerge.
Further, the insecticide spread fertilizer over the fields in step (2) is parathion or phoxim, and dosage is 3~5kg/ mus；Organic fertilizer
Dosage be 1500~2000kg/ mus.
It selects parathion or phoxim to carry out insecticide processing to plant plot in the present invention, the insect in soil can be killed
And acarid, avoid insect and acarid from gnawing sweet potato and yield of sweet potato is caused to decline.
Further, in step (2) and step (5), potato seedling growth enters with climing sharp seedling from the direction oblique cutting horizontal by 45° angle
Soil, 5~7cm of insertion depth.
Further, the plantation density of potato seedling growth is 4500 plants/acre in step (2), and the plantation density of climing sharp seedling is in step (5)
4500 plants/acre.
Preferentially planting density is controlled at 4500 plants/acre in the present invention, is because excessive planting density can cause potato seedling growth
Between vie each other, reduce yield, and too small planting density cannot then make full use of plant space, cause the waste in plot,
Yield cannot be guaranteed simultaneously.
Further, black and white mulch covers ridge compartment in step (2) method particularly includes: after potato seedling growth plantation, first uses black and white mulch
Potato seedling growth and ridge compartment are covered together, then on black and white mulch face potato seedling growth position holes, potato seedling growth is dug out outside film, then with soil
Black and white mulch around potato seedling growth is compacted by block, completes to cover.
Further, it is carried out when spraying urea liquid in step (2) by 50kg/ mus of primary dosages；Spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate
It is carried out when solution by 60kg/ mus of primary dosages.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention makes full use of southwest geographical conditions and climatic superiority, by carrying a coffin to the burial place in advance kind, before protecting field heating hand-held
The series techniques measure such as nursery realizes the purpose of 1 year two season of plantation sweet potato.It, can be by quotient using implantation methods in the present invention
It savors potato and shifts to an earlier date listing in 50~90 days, price is higher by 50% or more than normally listing, while listing can reduce sale difficulty in advance, make to plant
The comparative effectiveness for planting sweet potato increases substantially；In addition, whole year can list two season sweet potato, year-round supply accelerates pushing away for sweet potato variety
Wide efficiency is to realize one of profitable agriculture, the effective way for improving farmers' income.
1. the present invention carries out nursery in the less southwestern potato area of pest and disease damage, reduces pest and disease damage caused by strange land is introduced a fine variety and propagate.
2. the present invention carries out nursery by way of building electric seed bed heater, can be protected in weather more cold January
Card potato kind quickly emerge, after emergence potato seedling growth can normal growth, significantly in advance sweet potato transplant the time, it is sweet to reach 1 year two season of plantation
The purpose of potato.
3. being covered with black and white film to ridge compartment, black and white film is always maintained at ridge compartment temperature after once being transplanted in the present invention
Within the scope of potato seedling growth normal growth temperature, guarantee that potato seedling growth also can normal growth under more arctic weather.
4. can once be harvested in June using the method in the present invention, shift to an earlier date 50~90 than general planting method
Its listing, economic benefit are good.
5. when two plants, directly interception sweet potato climing rattan top of supply line reduces seedling raising process, shortens and plant as climing sharp seedling
It plants the time, plant process significantly simplifies.
Specific embodiment
The present invention plants pest and disease damage risk to solve southwest sweet potato plantation low output and increase local sweet potato
Problem provides the method for a kind of 1 year two season of plantation sweet potato, method includes the following steps:
(1) growing seedling in hotbed: start to build electric seed bed heater in annual January, electric seed bed heater is built puts down in leeward, topography on the sunny side
Place smooth, close to water source and power supply, breeding ground generally long 5.3m, wide 1.5m, deep 23cm.Heating wire can use in electric seed bed heater
20# galvanized wire heating wire, can also using DV21012 type 1000W hot line etc., when wiring takes two block lengths and breeding ground of same size
Plank, opposite position nails on nail on two pieces of planks, and the spacing between the nail of plank both ends is 5~7cm, among plank
Spacing between nail is 7~10cm, and plank is then placed on breeding ground both ends and is fixed, and nail is made to have the one side of nail is opposite to put
It sets, then lays heating wire between two pieces of planks, heating wire requires straight, elastic consistent when wiring.To adapt to different add
Thermal voltage, the present invention in heating wire can be formed in parallel by two electric wires, at this time electric heating voltage be 220V, the present invention in electricity
Hot line can also be formed by three electric wire star-like connections, and heating voltage is 380V at this time；After the completion of wiring, with fine earth by heating wire
Covering, thickness of earth covering 5cm or so complete building for breeding ground.
After breeding ground is put up, start potato seed kind of carrying a coffin to the burial place.Potato kind, can be in southern potato 88, imperial potato 9, cigarette according to grower's needs
It selects in potato 25, wide potato 87, southern purple sweet potato 008, general potato 32 or fragrant potato, after selecting the potato kind to be planted, the potato kind of selection is placed in
8~10min is impregnated in 50% 500~600 times of carbendazol wettable powder medical fluid, is pulled out and is drained, must sterilize potato kind.Before kind of carrying a coffin to the burial place,
The bed temperature of electric seed bed heater is first heated to 20 DEG C or so；When carrying a coffin to the burial place kind, potato kind flat raft, cephlad-caudal is consistent, is probably spaced between potato seed
5cm, size potato are separately arranged, and yampi row is deeper, and small potatos row is shallow, it is above it is neat under it is uneven subject to, every square metre can seeding potato 15~
20kg。
It can be decided whether to cover mulch and arch membrane according to current year temperature after kind of carrying a coffin to the burial place, and nursery bed temperature and emergence are observed in timing
Situation.Before the emergence of potato kind, bed temperature is controlled within the scope of 30~35 DEG C, and soil moisture is controlled 80% or so, by 15~20
Its potato kind can emerge；After emergence, adjusting bed temperature is 25~30 DEG C, and soil moisture is 78%~80%, makes potato seedling growth free growth
To 18~20cm；Then soil moisture is adjusted to 55%~60% in the case where bed temperature is constant, grows to potato seedling growth naturally
25~27cm, then into the hardening phase；When hardening, breeding ground temperature is adjusted downward to 18~20 DEG C, soil moisture control for 50%~
Clip potato seedling growth is transplanted after 55%, 10~15 days, long 30cm of potato seedling growth of institute's clip or so.
(2) primary plant: in the good plot of early March or the middle ten days selection ventilation, light transmission, first on plot surface by 3~
5kg/ mus of dosage spreads fertilizer over the fields parathion or phoxim, while spreading fertilizer over the fields organic fertilizer by 1500~2000kg/ mus of dosage, then carries out
Deep ploughing, deep ploughing depth are 25~30cm；Ridging after deep ploughing, the high 25~30cm in ridge, ridge 90~100cm of spacing；Then potato seedling growth is pressed
4000~5000 plants/acre of density is planted on the compartment of ridge, and when plantation, potato seedling growth is buried from the direction oblique cutting horizontal by 45° angle,
5~7cm of insertion depth irrigates bottom water after potato seedling growth plantation, then is covered potato seedling growth and ridge compartment together with black and white mulch, then in black and white
The position holes of face potato seedling growth, potato seedling growth is dug out outside film on mulch, then is compacted the black and white mulch around potato seedling growth with soil block, is completed
Covering to ridge compartment.
(3) field management: it carries out within 4~5 days after cultivation looking into seedling, discovery should mend cultivation after being short of seedling in time, then press every 7 days
The urea liquid that mass concentration of plot foliage-spray that 50kg/ mus of dosage turns to be yellow to Sweet Potato Leaf is 2%, sprays in total
2~3 times；60kg/ mus of one inferior quality of dosage foliage-spray was pressed every 7 days in the growth of sweet potato middle and later periods (after cultivation 60~100 days)
Concentration is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, even spray 2~3 times；40~50 days after cultivation, black and white mulch is opened, allows sweet potato free growth
To maturation.
(4) primary harvest: selecting the sweet potato climing rattan to grow fine in late June to early August, and intercepted length is 20~
The climing point of 30cm obtains climing sharp seedling, places it at yin and save, then harvests sweet potato in fine day；
(5) secondary plant: the ridging again in the plot after primary harvest, or optionally plot ridging again, optionally
Plot ridging, it is first handled according to plot processing method when once transplanting, then ridging；Ridge height and ridge spacing and primary cultivation
It is identical when plant；Then climing sharp seedling is planted on newly-built ridge compartment by 4000~5000 plants/acre of density, and waters and keeps a full stand of seedings；
(6) secondary field management: the cultivation of 2~3 days benefits is short of seedling after cultivation, then primary every watering in 5~7 days, water 1 in total~
2 times, and during the growth process, intertillage is hoed up weeds 2~3 times, and 3~5cm of depth is intertilled；Then allow sweet potato free growth to maturation；
(7) aftercrop: fine day is selected to harvest sweet potato before the Beginning of Winter.
Below with reference to embodiment, description of specific embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of 1 year plantation two season sweet potato method, comprising the following steps:
(1) growing seedling in hotbed: electric seed bed heater is built in January, and bed temperature is risen to 20 DEG C, the potato kind Jing Guo sterilization treatment is pressed
20kg/m2Density carry a coffin to the burial place kind into electric seed bed heater, then controlling bed temperature is 35 DEG C, soil moisture 80%, until potato kind is emerged；Out
Miao Hou, adjusting bed temperature is 30 DEG C, soil moisture 80%, until potato seedling growth is long to 18~20cm；Then in the case where bed temperature is constant
Soil moisture is adjusted to 60%, so that potato seedling growth is grown to 25~27cm naturally, then breeding ground temperature is adjusted downward to 18 DEG C, soil moisture
Clip potato seedling growth is transplanted after control is 50%, 15 days；
(2) it primary plant: in the good plot of early March or the middle ten days selection ventilation, light transmission, is spread fertilizer over the fields pair by 3kg/ mus of dosage
Sulphur phosphorus, while cow dung is spread fertilizer over the fields by 2000kg/ mus of dosage, ridging of then deep ploughing, the high 30cm in ridge, ridge spacing 90cm；Then by potato
Seedling is planted on the compartment of ridge by 4500 plants/acre of density, is covered with black and white mulch to ridge compartment after irrigating bottom water；
(3) field management: benefit cultivation in 4 days is short of seedling after cultivation, if discovery has the plot of yellow leaf, is pressed every 7 days
The urea liquid that 50kg/ mus of dosage is 2% to mass concentration of yellow leaf plot foliage-spray, sprays 2 times in total；?
The growth of sweet potato middle and later periods was that 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is molten by 60kg/ mus mass concentration of dosage foliage-spray every 7 days
Liquid, even spray 3 times；50 days after cultivation, black and white mulch is opened, allows sweet potato free growth to maturation；
(4) primary harvest: in late June to early August according to the harvest sweet potato of market demand selectivity, before sweet potato rewarding
The sweet potato climing rattan to grow fine is selected, intercepted length is the climing point of 30cm, obtains climing sharp seedling, places it at yin and save, then exist
Fine day harvests sweet potato；
(5) secondary plant: the ridging again in the plot after primary harvest, ridge height and ridge spacing and primary plant phase
Together；Then climing sharp seedling is planted on newly-built ridge compartment by 4500 plants/acre of density, and waters and keeps a full stand of seedings；
(6) secondary field management: benefit cultivation in 3 days is short of seedling after cultivation, then primary every watering in 5 days, is watered 2 times in total, and
During the growth process, intertillage is hoed up weeds 2 times, intertills depth 5cm；Then allow sweet potato free growth to maturation；
(7) aftercrop: fine day is selected to harvest sweet potato before the Beginning of Winter.
Embodiment 2
A kind of 1 year plantation two season sweet potato method, comprising the following steps:
(1) growing seedling in hotbed: electric seed bed heater is built in January, and bed temperature is risen to 18 DEG C, the potato kind Jing Guo sterilization treatment is pressed
18kg/m2Density carry a coffin to the burial place kind into electric seed bed heater, then controlling bed temperature is 30 DEG C, soil moisture 82%, until potato kind is emerged；Out
Miao Hou, adjusting bed temperature is 27 DEG C, soil moisture 80%, until potato seedling growth is long to 18~20cm；Then in the case where bed temperature is constant
Soil moisture is adjusted to 60%, so that potato seedling growth is grown to 25~27cm naturally, then breeding ground temperature is adjusted downward to 20 DEG C, soil moisture
Clip potato seedling growth is transplanted after control is 55%, 15 days；
(2) it primary plant: in the plot that early March or the middle ten days select ventilation, light transmission good, is spread fertilizer over the fields by 5kg/ mus of dosage pungent
Sulphur phosphorus, while cow dung is spread fertilizer over the fields by 2000kg/ mus of dosage, ridging of then deep ploughing, the high 25cm in ridge, ridge spacing 90cm；Then by potato
Seedling is planted on the compartment of ridge by 5000 plants/acre of density, is covered with black and white mulch to ridge compartment after irrigating bottom water；
(3) field management: benefit cultivation in 5 days is short of seedling after cultivation, if discovery has the plot of yellow leaf, is pressed every 7 days
The urea liquid that 50kg/ mus of dosage is 2% to mass concentration of yellow leaf plot foliage-spray, sprays 2 times in total；?
The growth of sweet potato middle and later periods was that 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is molten by 60kg/ mus mass concentration of dosage foliage-spray every 7 days
Liquid, even spray 2 times；50 days after cultivation, black and white mulch is opened, allows sweet potato free growth to maturation；
(4) primary harvest: in late June to early August according to the harvest sweet potato of market demand selectivity, before sweet potato rewarding
The sweet potato climing rattan to grow fine is selected, intercepted length is the climing point of 25cm, obtains climing sharp seedling, places it at yin and save, then exist
Fine day harvests sweet potato；
(5) secondary plant: the ridging again in the plot after primary harvest, ridge height and ridge spacing and primary plant phase
Together；Then climing sharp seedling is planted on newly-built ridge compartment by 5000 plants/acre of density, and waters and keeps a full stand of seedings；
(6) secondary field management: benefit cultivation in 3 days is short of seedling after cultivation, then primary every watering in 7 days, is watered 1 time in total, and
During the growth process, intertillage is hoed up weeds 3 times, intertills depth 3cm；Then allow sweet potato free growth to maturation；
(7) aftercrop: fine day is selected to harvest sweet potato before the Beginning of Winter.
Embodiment 3
A kind of 1 year plantation two season sweet potato method, comprising the following steps:
(1) growing seedling in hotbed: electric seed bed heater is built in January, and bed temperature is risen to 23 DEG C, the potato kind Jing Guo sterilization treatment is pressed
15kg/m2Density carry a coffin to the burial place kind into electric seed bed heater, then controlling bed temperature is 32 DEG C, soil moisture 78%, until potato kind is emerged；Out
Miao Hou, adjusting bed temperature is 25 DEG C, soil moisture 78%, until potato seedling growth is long to 18~20cm；Then in the case where bed temperature is constant
Soil moisture is adjusted to 55%, so that potato seedling growth is grown to 25~27cm naturally, then breeding ground temperature is adjusted downward to 18 DEG C, soil moisture
Clip potato seedling growth is transplanted after control is 50%, 10 days；
(2) it primary plant: in the good plot of early March or the middle ten days selection ventilation, light transmission, is spread fertilizer over the fields pair by 5kg/ mus of dosage
Sulphur phosphorus, while cow dung is spread fertilizer over the fields by 1500kg/ mus of dosage, ridging of then deep ploughing, the high 30cm in ridge, ridge spacing 100cm；Then by potato
Seedling is planted on the compartment of ridge by 4000 plants/acre of density, is covered with black and white mulch to ridge compartment after irrigating bottom water；
(3) field management: benefit cultivation in 4 days is short of seedling after cultivation, if discovery has the plot of yellow leaf, is pressed every 7 days
The urea liquid that 55kg/ mus of dosage is 2% to mass concentration of yellow leaf plot foliage-spray, sprays 2 times in total；?
The growth of sweet potato middle and later periods was that 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is molten by 55kg/ mus mass concentration of dosage foliage-spray every 7 days
Liquid, even spray 2 times；50 days after cultivation, black and white mulch is opened, allows sweet potato free growth to maturation；
(4) primary harvest: in late June to early August according to the harvest sweet potato of market demand selectivity, before sweet potato rewarding
The sweet potato climing rattan to grow fine is selected, intercepted length is the climing point of 30cm, obtains climing sharp seedling, places it at yin and save, then exist
Fine day harvests sweet potato；
(5) secondary plant: the ridging again in the plot after primary harvest, ridge height and ridge spacing and primary plant phase
Together；Then climing sharp seedling is planted on newly-built ridge compartment by 4000 plants/acre of density, and waters and keeps a full stand of seedings；
(6) secondary field management: benefit cultivation in 2 days is short of seedling after cultivation, then primary every watering in 7 days, is watered 2 times in total, and
During the growth process, intertillage is hoed up weeds 3 times, intertills depth 5cm；Then allow sweet potato free growth to maturation；
(7) aftercrop: fine day is selected to harvest sweet potato before the Beginning of Winter.
Embodiment 4
A kind of 1 year plantation two season sweet potato method, comprising the following steps:
(1) growing seedling in hotbed: electric seed bed heater is built in January, and bed temperature is risen to 20 DEG C, the potato kind Jing Guo sterilization treatment is pressed
15kg/m2Density carry a coffin to the burial place kind into electric seed bed heater, then controlling bed temperature is 35 DEG C, soil moisture 78%, until potato kind is emerged；Out
Miao Hou, adjusting bed temperature is 30 DEG C, soil moisture 78%, until potato seedling growth is long to 18~20cm；Then in the case where bed temperature is constant
Soil moisture is adjusted to 60%, so that potato seedling growth is grown to 25~27cm naturally, then breeding ground temperature is adjusted downward to 18 DEG C, soil moisture
Clip potato seedling growth is transplanted after control is 60%, 10 days；
(2) it primary plant: in the plot that early March or the middle ten days select ventilation, light transmission good, is spread fertilizer over the fields by 3kg/ mus of dosage pungent
Sulphur phosphorus, while cow dung is spread fertilizer over the fields by 1800kg/ mus of dosage, ridging of then deep ploughing, the high 30cm in ridge, ridge spacing 90cm；Then by potato
Seedling is planted on the compartment of ridge by 5000 plants/acre of density, is covered with black and white mulch to ridge compartment after irrigating bottom water；
(3) field management: benefit cultivation in 4 days is short of seedling after cultivation, if discovery has the plot of yellow leaf, is pressed every 7 days
The urea liquid that 50kg/ mus of dosage is 2% to mass concentration of yellow leaf plot foliage-spray, sprays 3 times in total；?
The growth of sweet potato middle and later periods was that 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is molten by 60kg/ mus mass concentration of dosage foliage-spray every 7 days
Liquid, even spray 3 times；40 days after cultivation, black and white mulch is opened, allows sweet potato free growth to maturation；
(4) primary harvest: in late June to early August according to the harvest sweet potato of market demand selectivity, before sweet potato rewarding
The sweet potato climing rattan to grow fine is selected, intercepted length is the climing point of 28cm, obtains climing sharp seedling, places it at yin and save, then exist
Fine day harvests sweet potato；
(5) secondary plant: the ridging again in the plot after primary harvest, ridge height and ridge spacing and primary plant phase
Together；Then climing sharp seedling is planted on newly-built ridge compartment by 4500 plants/acre of density, and waters and keeps a full stand of seedings；
(6) secondary field management: benefit cultivation in 3 days is short of seedling after cultivation, then primary every watering in 7 days, is watered 2 times in total, and
During the growth process, intertillage is hoed up weeds 2 times, intertills depth 3cm；Then allow sweet potato free growth to maturation；
(7) aftercrop: fine day is selected to harvest sweet potato before the Beginning of Winter.
Although be described in detail to a specific embodiment of the invention in conjunction with the embodiments, should not be construed as to this
The restriction of the protection scope of patent.In range described by claims, those skilled in the art are without creative work
The various modifications and deformation that can make still belong to the protection scope of this patent.
Claims (9)
1. the method for a kind of 1 year two season of plantation sweet potato, which comprises the following steps:
(1) growing seedling in hotbed: electric seed bed heater is built in January, and bed temperature is risen to 18~23 DEG C, the potato kind Jing Guo sterilization treatment is pressed
15~20kg/m2Density carry a coffin to the burial place kind into electric seed bed heater, then controlling bed temperature is 30~35 DEG C, soil moisture is 78%~
82%, until potato kind is emerged；After emergence, adjusting bed temperature is 25~30 DEG C, and soil moisture is 78%~80%, until potato seedling growth it is long to 18~
20cm；Then soil moisture is adjusted to 55%~60% in the case where bed temperature is constant, make potato seedling growth grow to 25 naturally~
27cm, then breeding ground temperature is adjusted downward to 18~20 DEG C, after soil moisture control is 50%~55%, 10~15 days clip potato seedling growth into
Row plant；
(2) it primary plant: in the plot that early March or the middle ten days select ventilation, light transmission good, deep ploughs after spreading fertilizer over the fields insecticide and organic fertilizer
Ridging, the high 25~30cm in ridge, ridge 90~100cm of spacing；Then potato seedling growth is planted to ridge compartment by 4000~5000 plants/acre of density
On, ridge compartment is covered with black and white mulch after irrigating bottom water；
(3) field management: benefit cultivation in 4~5 days is short of seedling after cultivation, and primary to the plot foliage-spray of yellow leaf every 7 days
The urea liquid that mass concentration is 2%, sprays 2~3 times in total；In the growth of sweet potato middle and later periods every matter of 7 days foliage-sprays
Amount concentration is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, even spray 2~3 times；40~50 days after cultivation, black and white mulch is opened, sweet potato is allowed freely to give birth to
It grows to maturation；
(4) primary harvest: selecting the sweet potato climing rattan to grow fine in late June to early August, and intercepted length is 20~30cm's
Climing point obtains climing sharp seedling, places it at yin and save, then harvests sweet potato in fine day；
(5) secondary plant: ridging, ridge height and ridge spacing are identical as when once transplanting again in the plot after primary harvest；So
Climing sharp seedling is planted on newly-built ridge compartment by 4000~5000 plants/acre of density afterwards, and waters and keeps a full stand of seedings；
(6) secondary field management: benefit cultivation in 2~3 days is short of seedling after cultivation, then primary every watering in 5~7 days, is watered 1~2 time in total,
And during the growth process, intertillage is hoed up weeds 2~3 times, intertills 3~5cm of depth；Then allow sweet potato free growth to maturation；
(7) aftercrop: fine day is selected to harvest sweet potato before the Beginning of Winter.
2. the method for 1 year according to claim 1 two season of plantation sweet potato, it is characterised in that: electric heating in the electric seed bed heater
The wiring spacing of line is 5~10cm, and thickness of earth covering is 5cm on heating wire；The heating wire is formed in parallel by two electric wires, is added
Thermal voltage is 220V or the heating wire is formed by three electric wire star-like connections, heating voltage 380V.
3. the method for 1 year according to claim 1 two season of plantation sweet potato, it is characterised in that: the potato kind be southern potato 88,
Imperial potato 9, cigarette potato 25, wide potato 87, southern purple sweet potato 008, general potato 32 or fragrant potato.
4. the method for 1 year according to claim 1 two season of plantation sweet potato, which is characterized in that potato kind sterilizes in step (1)
The method of processing are as follows: potato kind is placed in 8~10min of immersion in 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500~600 times of medical fluids, is pulled out
It drains, must sterilize potato kind.
5. the method for 1 year according to claim 1 two season of plantation sweet potato, it is characterised in that: that spreads fertilizer over the fields in step (2) kills
Worm agent is parathion or phoxim, and dosage is 3~5kg/ mus；The dosage of the organic fertilizer is 1500~2000kg/ mus.
6. the method for 1 year according to claim 1 two season of plantation sweet potato, it is characterised in that: step (2) and step (5)
In, potato seedling growth is buried with climing sharp seedling from the direction oblique cutting horizontal by 45° angle, 5~7cm of insertion depth.
7. the method for 1 year according to claim 1 two season of plantation sweet potato, it is characterised in that: the cultivation of potato seedling growth in step (2)
Kind density is 4500 plants/acre, and the plantation density of climing sharp seedling is 4500 plants/acre in step (5).
8. the method for 1 year according to claim 1 two season of plantation sweet potato, which is characterized in that black and white mulch in step (2)
Cover ridge compartment method particularly includes: after potato seedling growth plantation, first covered potato seedling growth and ridge compartment together with black and white mulch, then in black and white
The position holes of face potato seedling growth, potato seedling growth is dug out outside film on film, then is compacted the black and white mulch around potato seedling growth with soil block, completes to hide
Lid.
9. the method for 1 year according to claim 1 two season of plantation sweet potato, it is characterised in that: step sprays urea in (2)
It is carried out when solution by 50kg/ mus of primary dosages；It is carried out when spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate by 60kg/ mus of primary dosages.
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| CN109699407A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-03 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Facility-specific Small-sized watermelon non-specificity region promotees ealy maturing culture technology |
| CN109892189A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-06-18 | 谭军 | A kind of tobacco-growing soil ecological nursing method under cigarette potato intercropping and interplanting mode |
| CN110036856A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-23 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) | A kind of cultural method that Huang-Huai-Hai sweet potato in two seasons of one year efficiently produces |
| CN111727832A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-10-02 | 紫云自治县紫香源农林科技有限责任公司 | Purple cloud red core sweet potato double-cropping cultivation method |
| CN112715307A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-04-30 | 江西省农业科学院作物研究所 | Edible sweet potato one-year two-season horizontal tendril pressing planting method based on autumn seedling overwintering method |
| CN113207595A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-06 | 怀宁县平坦大屋生态农业发展有限公司 | Two-crop cultivation method for middle and lower Yangtze river sweet potatoes |
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| CN109892189A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-06-18 | 谭军 | A kind of tobacco-growing soil ecological nursing method under cigarette potato intercropping and interplanting mode |
| CN109699407A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-03 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Facility-specific Small-sized watermelon non-specificity region promotees ealy maturing culture technology |
| CN109699407B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-11-24 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Facility-dedicated small-fruit watermelon non-specific area early-maturing promoting cultivation technology |
| CN110036856A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-23 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) | A kind of cultural method that Huang-Huai-Hai sweet potato in two seasons of one year efficiently produces |
| CN111727832A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-10-02 | 紫云自治县紫香源农林科技有限责任公司 | Purple cloud red core sweet potato double-cropping cultivation method |
| CN112715307A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-04-30 | 江西省农业科学院作物研究所 | Edible sweet potato one-year two-season horizontal tendril pressing planting method based on autumn seedling overwintering method |
| CN113207595A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-06 | 怀宁县平坦大屋生态农业发展有限公司 | Two-crop cultivation method for middle and lower Yangtze river sweet potatoes |
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