CN109121632A - A kind of Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing method - Google Patents
A kind of Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109121632A CN109121632A CN201811133137.9A CN201811133137A CN109121632A CN 109121632 A CN109121632 A CN 109121632A CN 201811133137 A CN201811133137 A CN 201811133137A CN 109121632 A CN109121632 A CN 109121632A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing methods.The following steps are included: rice field applies for example decomposed chicken manure of organic fertilizer or pig manure or sheep dung before ploughing at the beginning of 1, First Year 5 months by the end of April, humic acid, bacillus subtilis and plant ash are applied after ploughing；2, three leaves wholeheartedly when, seedbed applies nitrogenous fertilizer as seedling fertilizer per acre, then applies zinc fertilizer, and transfer fertilizer transplanting seedlings first three days to seedbed and applying the conduct of cleaning up excrement water to send；3, latter week is transplanted, applies nitrogenous fertilizer per acre and promotes tiller.After jointing, apply nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer as ear manuer, the cut phase uses phosphate fertilizer to carry out foliage top dressing per acre；4, October, after harvesting rice, no-tillage field applies organic fertilizer for example decomposed sheep dung, chicken manure, pig manure and oil plant cake slag, finally covers rice straw；5, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, borax are applied per acre in the growth of rape phase, promote growth of rape.Fertilizing method science of the invention is reliable, can improve soil texture, improve rice oil yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology fields, and in particular to a kind of Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing method.
Background technique
Rice and rape rotation are the common cropping systems in southern area of China, the advantage is that and can be improved farm land
Utilization rate and soil fertility, and ecological environment of soil can be improved.The change of rotation cropping ecological environment of soil has plant growth
An important factor for beneficial, and the variation of Soil Microorganism is improvement of soil environment.
Fertilization of rice needs to consider the Multiple factors such as the nutritive peculiarity of rice varieties, the property of fertilizer, soil, weather, into
And determine suitable fertilization time, dose, fertilizer variety and fertilizing method.The rational application of fertilizer can improve yield, improve crop
Quality, and soil nutrient can be made to keep balance, be conducive to culture fertility.
Rape is generally grown in the relatively wet place of weather (for example Chinese south), and the method for planting rape has moisture in the soil
Kind, i.e. live streaming or nursery.The multi-purpose live streaming of large area plantation, small area is mostly nursery.Rape seed is smaller, and 2 .5g of mass of 1000 kernel~
4g.It is required that site preparation is fine, base fertilizer is used sufficient, according to purpose is utilized, selects different line-spacings.
The mass change and its environmental effect of paddy soil are constantly subjected to the attention of environmental ecology educational circles of China.But with
The influence of the continuous improvement of applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, Chemical Fertilizer on Environment gradually receives the concern of scientific circles and government.?
Under the background of China's agricultural production high yield high investment, rice soil is the special soil that the long-term water in China is ploughed under,
Every harvest season, both crops, which can all generate, is largely difficult to the stalk disposed, and peasant is caused to burn everywhere, brings tight
The air pollution of weight.Turn waste into wealth, become one of the main problem faced at present, stalk resource is recycled, using having
Machine waste material all or part replacing fertilizer tool has very important significance.
Peasant generally applies fertilizer according to the amount of nutrients that every season crop needs, and seldom comprehensively considers the confession of Rice-rape rotation anniversary nutrient
Answer rule.Rice season and the soil nutrient availability in rape season, conversion and aftereffect in Rice-rape rotation etc. are different.Generally, all
Consider in year non-irrigated light-water, the i.e. amount of nutrients in anniversary plan as a whole to be assigned to want some more in rape season, be assigned to rice season and want less again, water
Rice season utilizes the aftereffect of rape season fertilising, especially phosphate fertilizer.
Long-time single administration chemical fertilizer will lead to diversity of soil microorganism reduction, influences crop and persistently gets bumper crops.
In conclusion guaranteeing the Rice-rape rotation week of its yield it is necessary to designing one kind can be improved rice-rape fertilizer efficiency
Year fertilizing method.
Summary of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, object of the present invention is to be to provide a kind of fertilising side of Rice-rape rotation anniversary
Method, fertilizing method science is reliable, can improve soil texture, guarantees the fertilizer efficiency of rice and rape, improves rice and yield of rape.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention is to realize by the following technical solutions: being applied in a kind of Rice-rape rotation anniversary
Fertile method, comprising the following steps:
(1), at the beginning of First Year 5 months by the end of April, rice field applies for example decomposed chicken manure of organic fertilizer or pig manure or sheep dung before ploughing, and ploughs
Humic acid, bacillus subtilis and plant ash are applied afterwards；
(2), three leaves wholeheartedly when, seedbed applies nitrogenous fertilizer 0.5-0.6kg as seedling fertilizer per acre, then applies zinc fertilizer
(ZnSO4.7HZO) 0.5-2kg, and be used as to give to seedbed application 80-100kg cleaning up excrement water in first three days of transplanting seedlings and transfer fertilizer；
(3), latter week is transplanted, per acre application nitrogenous fertilizer 6-7kg promotion tiller, after jointing, applies nitrogenous fertilizer 1.5-2kg and potash fertilizer 4-
For 5kg as ear manuer, the cut phase uses 0.4-0.5kg phosphate fertilizer to carry out foliage top dressing per acre；
(4), October, after harvesting rice, no-tillage field applies organic fertilizer for example decomposed sheep dung, chicken manure, pig manure and oil plant cake
Slag finally covers rice straw；
(5), nitrogenous fertilizer 9-10kg, phosphate fertilizer 4-6kg, potash fertilizer 5-6kg, borax 0.8-1kg are applied per acre in the growth of rape phase, promote oil
Dish growth.
Preferably, the nitrogenous fertilizer uses urea in terms of N, the phosphate fertilizer is with P2O5Meter, the potash fertilizer is with K20 meter.
Preferably, base manure in the step 1 is 8-12kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer nitrogenous fertilizer, and 2-3kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer 5-
7kg/ mus, 0.2-0.5kg/ mus of potassium humate, 0.02-0.03kg/ mus of bacillus subtilis, 10-15kg/ mus of decay sheep excrement.
Preferably, the decay sheep excrement in the step 4 is 10-15kg/ mus, chicken manure, pig manure are 50kg/ mus total, oil plant
5-10kg/ mus of cake slag.
Preferably, the sheep dung in the step 4 is first covered in Rapeseed Field, then chicken manure pig manure is directly poured to be filled in and is exempted from
On arable land, oil plant cake slag is finally sprinkled.
The invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention is in long-term straw mulching and returning+no-tillage crop yield that can be significantly improved under rice-rape rotation, reductionization
It learns fertilizers input and increases soil fertility level, and applying enough phosphate fertilizer rape season to guarantee the needs of rapeseed high yield,
Shaoshi or phosphate fertilizer can not be applied on rice, and increase zinc fertilizer on rice, promoted slow seedling, prevent contracting seedling, increase tiller, raising water
Disease resistance, winter resistance and the salt resistance ability of rice, and then improve rice yield；
2, the present invention is in covering plant ash, it is possible to reduce the application of potash fertilizer in chemical fertilizer, (belonging to open-textured quick-acting potash fertilizer)
Plant ash typically contains 5% to 15% effective potassium, also contains calcium, magnesium, sulphur, phosphorus, ferro element；
3, the present invention increases decay sheep excrement, bacillus subtilis etc. in the soil, effectively increases the microorganism in soil
Strain improves soil fertility；
4, the present invention uses long-term straw mulching and returning+no-tillage soil physical property that can significantly improve 0-5 cm soil layer, that is, drops
The low soil weight increases the quantity of porosity, non-water stability and water-stable aggregate；
5, the present invention has increased potassium humate in the soil, can improve soil texture, improves soil physical chemistry performance, enhances soil
Water conservation, fertilizer-preserving ability, can stimulate crop root growth to develop, and improve water absorbing capacity, reduce leaf water transpiration and loss, enhancing
Crop resists the ability of poor environment, improves the utilization rate of moisture and nutrient.
Specific embodiment
To be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, below with reference to
Specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.
Present embodiment uses a kind of following technical scheme: Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing method, comprising the following steps:
1, at the beginning of First Year 5 months by the end of April, rice field applies for example decomposed chicken manure of organic fertilizer or pig manure or sheep dung 10-15kg/ before ploughing
Mu, and apply 8-12kg/ mus of urea, potassium humate 0.2-0.5kg/ mus, bacillus subtilis 0.02- are applied after turning over
0.03kg/ mus, finally cover plant ash；
2, three leaves wholeheartedly when, seedbed applies nitrogenous fertilizer 0.5-0.6kg as seedling fertilizer per acre, then applies zinc fertilizer (ZnSO4.7HZO)
0.5-2kg, and apply 80-100kg cleaning up excrement water as giving to seedbed in first three days of transplanting seedlings and transfer fertilizer；
3, latter week is transplanted, per acre application nitrogenous fertilizer 6-7kg promotion tiller, after jointing, applies nitrogenous fertilizer 1.5-2kg and potash fertilizer 4-5kg
As ear manuer, the cut phase uses 0.4-0.5kg phosphate fertilizer to carry out foliage top dressing per acre；
4, October, after harvesting rice, no-tillage field applies organic fertilizer, i.e., 10-15kg/ mus of sheep dung is first covered on rape
In field, then total 50kg/ mus of chicken manure pig manure is directly poured and is filled in no-tillage ground, sprinkled 5-10kg/ mus of oil plant cake slag, finally cover water
Rice straw；
5, nitrogenous fertilizer 9-10kg, phosphate fertilizer 4-6kg, potash fertilizer 5-6kg, borax 0.8-1kg are applied per acre in the growth of rape phase, promote rape
Growth.
Present embodiment improves soil fertility first, has moderately carried out no-tillage+stalks mulching, in this way can be big
The big application for reducing chemical fertilizer avoids a large amount of application chemical fertilizer to destruction caused by soil, and in rice season Shaoshi phosphate fertilizer, in oil
Dish season applies phosphate fertilizer more, ensure that the high yield of rape；Plant ash is covered in the field of rice season, it is possible to reduce potash fertilizer in chemical fertilizer
It applies, typically contains 5% to 15% effective potassium, also contain calcium, magnesium, sulphur, phosphorus, ferro element.
Present embodiment increases decay sheep excrement, bacillus subtilis etc. in the soil, effectively increases soil
In microorganism fungus kind, improve soil fertility；And 0-5 cm soil can be significantly improved using long-term straw mulching and returning+no-tillage
The soil physical property of layer, i.e. the reduction soil weight, increase the quantity of porosity, non-water stability and water-stable aggregate；Simultaneously
Potassium humate has been increased in the soil, can improve soil texture, is improved soil physical chemistry performance, is enhanced water conservation, the fertilizer conservation energy of soil
Power can stimulate crop root growth to develop, and improve water absorbing capacity, reduce leaf water transpiration and loss, and enhancing crop is resisted not
The ability of good environment improves the utilization rate of moisture and nutrient.
At the beginning of embodiment 1:1, First Year 5 months by the end of April, rice field applied before ploughing for example decomposed chicken manure of organic fertilizer or pig manure or
12kg/ mus of sheep dung, and apply 8-12kg/ mus of urea, potassium humate 0.5kg/ mus, bacillus subtilis are applied after turning over
0.02kg/ mus, finally cover plant ash；
2, three leaves wholeheartedly when, seedbed applies nitrogenous fertilizer 0.6kg as seedling fertilizer per acre, then applies zinc fertilizer (ZnSO4.7HZO)
1.5kg, and apply 90kg cleaning up excrement water as giving to seedbed in first three days of transplanting seedlings and transfer fertilizer；
3, latter week is transplanted, applies nitrogenous fertilizer 7kg per acre and promotes tiller, after jointing, applies nitrogenous fertilizer 2kg and potash fertilizer 5kg as ear manuer,
The cut phase uses 0.5kg phosphate fertilizer to carry out foliage top dressing per acre；
4, October, after harvesting rice, no-tillage field applies organic fertilizer, i.e., 15kg/ mus of sheep dung is first covered on Rapeseed Field
It is interior, then total 50kg/ mus of chicken manure pig manure is directly poured and is filled in no-tillage ground, 5kg/ mus of oil plant cake slag is sprinkled, rice straw are finally covered
Stalk；
5, nitrogenous fertilizer (N) 10kg, phosphate fertilizer (P are applied per acre in the growth of rape phase2O5) 6kg, potash fertilizer (K20) 5kg, borax 1kg promote
Growth of rape.
A kind of embodiment 2: Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing method, comprising the following steps:
1, at the beginning of First Year 5 months by the end of April, rice field applies for example decomposed chicken manure of organic fertilizer or pig manure or 10kg/ mus of sheep dung before ploughing,
And apply 8kg/ mus of urea, potassium humate 0.2kg/ mus, 0.02kg/ mus of bacillus subtilis are applied after turning over, finally covering grass
Wood ash；
2, three leaves wholeheartedly when, seedbed applies nitrogenous fertilizer 0.5kg as seedling fertilizer per acre, then applies zinc fertilizer (ZnSO4.7HZO) 1kg,
And 80kg cleaning up excrement water is applied as sending to seedbed in first three days of transplanting seedlings and transfers fertilizer；
3, latter week is transplanted, per acre application nitrogenous fertilizer 6kg promotion tiller, after jointing, applies nitrogenous fertilizer 1.5kg and potash fertilizer 4kg as fringe
Fertilizer, cut phase use 0.4kg phosphate fertilizer to carry out foliage top dressing per acre；
4, October, after harvesting rice, no-tillage field applies organic fertilizer, i.e., 10kg/ mus of sheep dung is first covered on Rapeseed Field
It is interior, then total 50kg/ mus of chicken manure pig manure is directly poured and is filled in no-tillage ground, 5kg/ mus of oil plant cake slag is sprinkled, rice straw are finally covered
Stalk；
5, nitrogenous fertilizer (N) 9kg, phosphate fertilizer (P are applied per acre in the growth of rape phase2O5) 4kg, potash fertilizer (K20) 5kg, borax 0.8kg promote
Growth of rape.
A kind of embodiment 3: Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing method, comprising the following steps:
1, at the beginning of First Year 5 months by the end of April, rice field applies for example decomposed chicken manure of organic fertilizer or pig manure or 15kg/ mus of sheep dung before ploughing,
And apply 12kg/ mus of urea, potassium humate 0.3kg/ mus, 0.03kg/ mus of bacillus subtilis are applied after turning over, finally covering grass
Wood ash；
2, three leaves wholeheartedly when, seedbed applies nitrogenous fertilizer 0.6kg as seedling fertilizer per acre, then applies zinc fertilizer (ZnSO4.7HZO) 2kg,
And 100kg cleaning up excrement water is applied as sending to seedbed in first three days of transplanting seedlings and transfers fertilizer；
3, latter week is transplanted, applies nitrogenous fertilizer 7kg per acre and promotes tiller, after jointing, applies nitrogenous fertilizer 2kg and potash fertilizer 5kg as ear manuer,
The cut phase uses 0.5kg phosphate fertilizer to carry out foliage top dressing per acre；
4, October, after harvesting rice, no-tillage field applies organic fertilizer, i.e., 15kg/ mus of sheep dung is first covered on Rapeseed Field
It is interior, then total 50kg/ mus of chicken manure pig manure is directly poured and is filled in no-tillage ground, 10kg/ mus of oil plant cake slag is sprinkled, rice straw are finally covered
Stalk；
5, nitrogenous fertilizer (N) 10kg, phosphate fertilizer (P are applied per acre in the growth of rape phase2O5) 6kg, potash fertilizer (K20) 6kg, borax 1kg promote
Growth of rape.
Experimental planting is carried out to Rice-rape rotation region by above-described embodiment, the experimental results showed that rice and rape growing way are good
It is good, and for more traditional fertilizing method, yield is substantially increased, therefore, above-described embodiment, which has, promotes rice and rape
The effect to increase production and improve productivity.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1), at the beginning of First Year 5 months by the end of April, rice field applies for example decomposed chicken manure of organic fertilizer or pig manure or sheep dung before ploughing, and ploughs
Humic acid, bacillus subtilis and plant ash are applied afterwards；
(2), when the seedlings of cereal crops grow to three leaves wholeheartedly, seedbed applies nitrogenous fertilizer 0.5-0.6kg as seedling fertilizer per acre, then applies zinc fertilizer
(ZnSO4.7HZO) 0.5-2kg, and be used as to give to seedbed application 80-100kg cleaning up excrement water in first three days of transplanting seedlings and transfer fertilizer；
(3), latter week is transplanted, per acre application nitrogenous fertilizer 6-7kg promotion tiller, after jointing, applies nitrogenous fertilizer 1.5-2kg and potash fertilizer 4-
For 5kg as ear manuer, the cut phase uses 0.4-0.5kg phosphate fertilizer to carry out foliage top dressing per acre；
(4), October, after harvesting rice, no-tillage field applies organic fertilizer for example decomposed sheep dung, chicken manure, pig manure and oil plant cake
Slag finally covers rice straw；
(5), nitrogenous fertilizer 9-10kg, phosphate fertilizer 4-6kg, potash fertilizer 5-6kg, borax 0.8-1kg are applied per acre in the growth of rape phase, promote oil
Dish growth.
2. a kind of Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogenous fertilizer is using urine
Element is in terms of N, and the phosphate fertilizer is with P2O5Meter, the potash fertilizer is with K20 meter.
3. a kind of Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1)
Base manure be 8-12kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer nitrogenous fertilizer, 2-3kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, 5-7kg/ mus of potash fertilizer, 0.2-0.5kg/ mus of potassium humate, withered grass
0.02-0.03kg/ mus of bacillus, 10-15kg/ mus of decay sheep excrement.
4. a kind of Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (4)
Decay sheep excrement be 10-15kg/ mus, chicken manure, pig manure are 50kg/ mus total, 5-10kg/ mus of oil plant cake slag.
5. a kind of Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (4)
Sheep dung be first covered in Rapeseed Field, then chicken manure pig manure is directly poured and is filled in no-tillage ground, finally sprinkle oil plant cake slag.
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| CN201811133137.9A CN109121632A (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2018-09-27 | A kind of Rice-rape rotation anniversary fertilizing method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115889448A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-04-04 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method for promoting safe production of medium rice-rape crop rotation in Cd-polluted farmland |
| WO2023058730A1 (en) * | 2021-10-07 | 2023-04-13 | デンカ株式会社 | Sap-flow activator for fruit tree |
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| CN104041289A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-17 | 青岛博洋生物技术有限公司 | Rape planting method |
| CN106165585A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-30 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | The method utilizing charcoal preventing and treating region, Rice-rape rotation farmland phosphorus loss |
| CN107079687A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-22 | 和县瑞祥水稻种植专业合作社 | A kind of semilate rice rape rotation high yield cultivating method |
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| CN1580008A (en) * | 2003-08-13 | 2005-02-16 | 张伯寅 | Rice early seedling bed nutrient nursing agent |
| CN104041289A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-17 | 青岛博洋生物技术有限公司 | Rape planting method |
| CN106165585A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-30 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | The method utilizing charcoal preventing and treating region, Rice-rape rotation farmland phosphorus loss |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023058730A1 (en) * | 2021-10-07 | 2023-04-13 | デンカ株式会社 | Sap-flow activator for fruit tree |
| CN115889448A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-04-04 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method for promoting safe production of medium rice-rape crop rotation in Cd-polluted farmland |
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Application publication date: 20190104 |