CN109041991A - A kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control, including before tea shoot transplanting, before nursery setting date, seedling growth stage, tea picking, tea tree overwinter management and etc. prevention and treatment.The present invention scientifically rationally prevents and treats, and reduces the generation of pest and disease damage, reduces the usage amount of pesticide, has effectively prevented the generation of diseases and pests of tea tree, has reduced Pesticide Residues in Tea；Using special with disease resistance effect and can be to the fertilizer of tea tree offer nutrition; while nutrition meets tea growth demand; effectively the pest and disease damage of tealeaves is prevented and treated; tea tree planting process is not suitable for any pesticide substantially, greatly reduces the incidence of tealeaves pest and disease damage, and fertilizer used can be improved soil fertility; it will not make soil hardening, degenerate; tea tree greatly reduces environmental caused by fertilizer loss, protects ecological environment to utilization rate of fertilizer height；Chicken is put in a suitable place to breed using tea place, improves the utilization rate in soil, increases the income of tea grower.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tealeaves prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control technical field of cultivation more particularly to a kind of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and controls
Cultural method.
Background technique
China is the native place of tealeaves, the ancient country of tea, discovery and using tea tree there are about the history of Wan Yunian, be the mankind drink tea,
It grows tea, the cradle of tea making.Tea Production is one of Chinese tradition strong industry, and is that Hills Important Agricultural pillar produces
Industry is that tea grower shakes off poverty and sets out on the road to prosperity, increases the key industry of local revenue.Current Tea Production gradually moves towards intensive, greatly
Measure other artificial measures such as applying pesticides, chemical fertilizer, herbicide.The decline of tea products flavor, quality is caused to reduce, consumer's is strong
Health such as is compromised at the various problems.Due to the tea polyphenols contained in tea, there is very strong inoxidizability and physiological activity, be human body
The scavenger of free radical can block a variety of carcinogen in vivo synthesis such as inferior ammonium nitrate.Again due to tealeaves health-care effect,
So that its is more and more welcomed by the people, become a kind of daily necessities.
Currently, using chemical pesticide and chemical fertilizer due to unreasonable for a long time during Tea planting, the society being on the rise is caused
Meeting, ecology and economic problems:
(1) Pesticide Residues in Tea has generally exceeded the standard, and extensive occult endangers the health of consumer, tealeaves commodity value drop
It is low, influence tea grower's enthusiasm for production and income；
(2) tea place ecological environment is seriously damaged, soil hardening, degradation phenomena aggravation；
(3) chemical pesticide usage amount increases year by year, and the drug resistance of pest is also increasingly stronger, and formed in prevention and treatment pernicious follows
Ring, the smaller green leaf hopper in tea place, mite class, aleyrodid, tea geometrid, Euproctis pseudoconspersa, chafer, tea aphid and rust, gall of tea, anthracnose etc.
Pest and disease damage is in rise year by year trend；
(4) planting technology is complicated, and tea grower is difficult to grasp, and tea grower's planting cost is high.
Itself disease resistance of script tea tree is strong, is located in high mountain in addition, and is grown on the densely covered environment of forest, and pest and disease damage is relatively
Few, for a long time, the control measure that Tea planting family is taken is seldom.With the increase in cultivated area and plantation time, tea tree
Various pest and disease damages take place, in order to improve the quality and yield of tealeaves, less pest and disease damage people are also started
It is prevented and treated using pesticide, insect pest drug resistance is more and more stronger after excessive Pesticide use, and also more and more, drop occurs for diseases and pests of tea tree
Low yield.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control means of existing Tea planting are more, such as mitigate anti-cure the disease by reinforcing cultivation and field management
Insect pest, using trapping apparatus or trapping bait trapping pests, use pesticide etc..These methods have their own advantages, but for Yanjin County
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control that the leaflet in domain is grown tea, effect are all not ideal enough.Therefore, tea place pest and disease damage can be effectively prevented by developing one kind
Cultural method it is extremely important.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above technical problems, provide a kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control.This hair
The bright disease pest according to tea tree different growing stage there is a situation where, scientifically rationally prevented and treated, reduce the generation of pest and disease damage,
The usage amount of pesticide is greatly reduced, the generation of diseases and pests of tea tree is effectively controlled and prevented and treated, reduces Pesticide Residues in Tea, institute
It is nontoxic to obtain tea-leaf safety.Diseases and pests of tea tree control method of the invention, starts with from fertilizer, using special there is disease resistance to make
With and can to tea tree provide nutrition fertilizer, while nutrition meets tea growth demand, effectively to the pest and disease damage of tealeaves into
Prevention and treatment is gone, tea tree planting process is not suitable for any pesticide substantially, greatly reduces the incidence of tealeaves pest and disease damage, effectively improve
The quality of tealeaves, and fertilizer used can be improved soil fertility, will not make soil hardening, degenerate, and tea tree is to fertilizer benefit
With rate height, environmental caused by fertilizer loss is greatly reduced, ecological environment is protected；Chicken is put in a suitable place to breed using tea place,
The utilization rate for improving soil increases the income of tea grower.
In order to reach purpose described above, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control, comprising the following steps:
(1) before tea shoot transplanting: planting previous moon cleaning tea place, pour water and drench to tea place, grass is then spread fertilizer over the fields in tea place
Wood ash and farmyard manure are turned over, plant ash and farmyard manure are turned over and buried for second day, and watering keeps native face wet before transplanting, and open
Good kind of planting ditch；
(2) nursery setting date: carrying out nursery using autogamy Nutrition Soil when nursery, and seedling, which is unearthed, carries out band soil mud to 15cm or more
It field planting is planted, before transplant planting, spreads fertilizer over the fields nutrition fertilizer in kind of planting ditch, after transplant planting, it is thick to cover 2~3cm on field planting hole surface
Straw；
(3) seedling growth stage: the tea tree seedling development phase carries out fertilising with homemade seedling fertilizer and urges length, every 20~
25d fertilising is primary, and continuous fertilization 2~3 times, every time just in the 5d after fertilising, control soil moisture content is 15~20%, then uses water
Pouring to spill keeps native face wet, and keeping the soil moisture content of growth is 55~60%；
(4) before tea picking: the preceding 1~3d of picking waters to tea place, and the soil moisture content for controlling tea place is 65~70%, tea
Leaf picking the previous day spreads fertilizer over the fields growth promoting fertilizer；
(5) it tea tree overwinter management: before overwintering after last time picking tealeaves, is opened in the place apart from 3~6cm of tea tree root
Ditch applies cow dung and middle liquid medicine, applies 80~100kg per acre, puts the chicken of 0.5~1kg weight in a suitable place to breed in tea place, the density for putting chicken in a suitable place to breed is
520/mu.
Further, in step (1), the plant ash amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 130~150kg per acre；The farmyard manure amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields
For 80~100kg per acre.
Further, in step (2), the Nutrition Soil is 40~60 parts of leaf mould, 40~60 parts of peat soil, plant ash 35
~55 parts, 15~25 parts of minishanny, 15~25 parts of humus, 80~100 parts of garden mould.
Further, in step (2), the nutrition fertilizer is decomposed poultry liquid dung and organic biofertilizer, their weight
Amount ratio=2~3:1, apply fertilizer 80~100kg per acre.
Further, in step (3), the seedling fertilizer is 125~145 parts of poultry liquid dung, decomposed farmyard manure 70~80
Part, 82~92 parts of plant ash, 53~63 parts of bone meal, 45~55 parts of organic biofertilizer.
Further, in step (4), the growth promoting fertilizer is made of raw material from the following weight: 105~125 parts of pig manure, urine
Plain 30~40 parts, 65~85 parts of plant ash, 40~50 parts of organic biofertilizer.
Further, in step (5), the middle liquid medicine be 35~55 parts of membranaceous marshmarigold herb, 30~50 parts of hill gooseberry, mulberry leaf 30~
25~45 parts of 50 parts, 30~50 parts of centella, 25~45 parts of bitter fruit leaf and wormwood after mixing, are added 10 times of wormwood weight
Clear water decoct 8h, filtering and removing slag be made.
It further, further include that the old and the weak's branch, dead leaf, sick branch are trimmed and burnt in time in step (3), (4) and (5)
Disease branch, sick leaf are ruined, is kept ventilated.
Since present invention employs above technical schemes, have the advantages that
(1) according to the disease pest of tea tree different growing stage, there is a situation where scientifically rationally prevented and treated, reduced the present invention
The generation of pest and disease damage, greatly reduces the usage amount of pesticide, effectively controls and prevented and treated the generation of diseases and pests of tea tree, reduce
Pesticide Residues in Tea, gained tea-leaf safety are nontoxic.
(2) diseases and pests of tea tree control method of the invention, starts with from fertilizer, using it is special have disease resistance effect and
The fertilizer that nutrition can be provided to tea tree effectively carries out the pest and disease damage of tealeaves while nutrition meets tea growth demand
Prevention and treatment, tea tree planting process are not suitable for any pesticide substantially, greatly reduce the incidence of tealeaves pest and disease damage, effectively increase tea
The quality of leaf, and fertilizer used can be improved soil fertility, will not make soil hardening, degenerate, tea tree is to utilization rate of fertilizer
Height greatly reduces environmental caused by fertilizer loss, protects ecological environment, has reached high-quality, efficient, high yield
The purpose grown tea.
(3) for the present invention when tea tree is overwintering, tea place is substantially at " rest " state, puts chicken in a suitable place to breed in tea place, at this moment
Time chicken is that tea tree removes pest just as " gardener " of tea tree, reduces the incidence of next year insect pest, while chicken is movable in institute
In the process, the excrement that chicken produces can apply fertilizer to tea place, reduce the dose of next year；Chicken is put in a suitable place to breed using tea place, improves soil
Utilization rate, increase the income of tea grower.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below, but the invention is not limited to these realities
Mode is applied, it is claimed to still fall within the claims in the present invention for any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit
Range.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control, comprising the following steps:
(1) before tea shoot transplanting: planting previous moon cleaning tea place, pour water and drench to tea place, grass is then spread fertilizer over the fields in tea place
Wood ash and farmyard manure are turned over, plant ash and farmyard manure are turned over and buried for second day, and watering keeps native face wet before transplanting, and open
Good kind of planting ditch；The plant ash amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 130kg per acre；The farmyard manure amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 80kg per acre；
(2) nursery setting date: carrying out nursery using autogamy Nutrition Soil when nursery, and seedling, which is unearthed, carries out band soil mud to 15cm or more
Field planting is planted, before transplant planting, spreads fertilizer over the fields nutrition fertilizer in kind of planting ditch, after transplant planting, in the rice of field planting hole surface covering 2cm thickness
Grass；The Nutrition Soil is 40 parts of leaf mould, 40 parts of peat soil, 35 parts of plant ash, 15 parts of minishanny, 15 parts of humus, 80 parts of garden mould；
The nutrition fertilizer is decomposed poultry liquid dung and organic biofertilizer, their weight ratio=2:1, apply fertilizer 80kg per acre；
(3) seedling growth stage: the tea tree seedling development phase carries out fertilising with homemade seedling fertilizer and urges length, applies every 20d
Fertile primary, continuous fertilization 2 times, every time just in the 5d after fertilising, control soil moisture content is 15%, then pours to spill with water and keep native face wet
Profit, keeping the soil moisture content of growth is 55%；The seedling fertilizer is 125 parts of poultry liquid dung, 70 parts decomposed of farmyard manure, vegetation
Grey 82 parts, 53 parts of bone meal, 45 parts of organic biofertilizer；
(4) before tea picking: 1d waters to tea place before picking, and the soil moisture content for controlling tea place is 65%, tea picking
The previous day spreads fertilizer over the fields growth promoting fertilizer；The growth promoting fertilizer is made of raw material from the following weight: 105 parts of pig manure, 30 parts of urea, plant ash 65
Part, 40 parts of organic biofertilizer；
(5) tea tree overwinter management: before overwintering after last time picking tealeaves, in the place trench digging apart from tea tree root 3cm
Cow dung and middle liquid medicine are applied, applies 80kg per acre, puts the chicken of 0.5kg weight in a suitable place to breed in tea place, the density for putting chicken in a suitable place to breed is 520/mu；Institute
Stating middle liquid medicine is that 35 parts of membranaceous marshmarigold herb, 30 parts of hill gooseberry, 30 parts of mulberry leaf, 30 parts of centella, 25 parts of bitter fruit leaf and 25 parts of wormwood are mixed
After closing uniformly, 10 times of wormwood weight of clear water is added and decocts 8h, filtering and removing slag are made.
It further, further include that the old and the weak's branch, dead leaf, sick branch are trimmed and burnt in time in step (3), (4) and (5)
Disease branch, sick leaf are ruined, is kept ventilated.
2016, all even using the present embodiment progress tealeaves cultivation in Guizhou Province, cultivated area was 20 mu, is appointed not using
In the case where what pesticide, diseases and pests of tea tree incidence is 3%, so that tea yield is improved, tea yield 471kg/
Mu.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control, comprising the following steps:
(1) before tea shoot transplanting: planting previous moon cleaning tea place, pour water and drench to tea place, grass is then spread fertilizer over the fields in tea place
Wood ash and farmyard manure are turned over, plant ash and farmyard manure are turned over and buried for second day, and watering keeps native face wet before transplanting, and open
Good kind of planting ditch；The plant ash amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 150kg per acre；The farmyard manure amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 100kg per acre；
(2) nursery setting date: carrying out nursery using autogamy Nutrition Soil when nursery, and seedling, which is unearthed, carries out band soil mud to 15cm or more
Field planting is planted, before transplant planting, spreads fertilizer over the fields nutrition fertilizer in kind of planting ditch, after transplant planting, in the rice of field planting hole surface covering 3cm thickness
Grass；The Nutrition Soil is 60 parts of leaf mould, 60 parts of peat soil, 55 parts of plant ash, 25 parts of minishanny, 25 parts of humus, garden mould 100
Part；The nutrition fertilizer is decomposed poultry liquid dung and organic biofertilizer, their weight ratio=3:1 applies fertilizer per acre
100kg；
(3) seedling growth stage: the tea tree seedling development phase carries out fertilising with homemade seedling fertilizer and urges length, applies every 25d
Fertile primary, continuous fertilization 3 times, every time just in the 5d after fertilising, control soil moisture content is 20%, then pours to spill with water and keep native face wet
Profit, keeping the soil moisture content of growth is 60%；The seedling fertilizer is 145 parts of poultry liquid dung, 80 parts decomposed of farmyard manure, vegetation
Grey 92 parts, 63 parts of bone meal, 55 parts of organic biofertilizer；
(4) before tea picking: the preceding 1~3d of picking waters to tea place, and the soil moisture content for controlling tea place is 65~70%, tea
Leaf picking the previous day spreads fertilizer over the fields growth promoting fertilizer；The growth promoting fertilizer is made of raw material from the following weight: 125 parts of pig manure, 40 parts of urea, grass
85 parts of wood ash, 50 parts of organic biofertilizer；
(5) tea tree overwinter management: before overwintering after last time picking tealeaves, in the place trench digging apart from tea tree root 6cm
Cow dung and middle liquid medicine are applied, applies 100kg per acre, puts the chicken of 1kg weight in a suitable place to breed in tea place, the density for putting chicken in a suitable place to breed is 520/mu；Institute
Stating middle liquid medicine is that 55 parts of membranaceous marshmarigold herb, 50 parts of hill gooseberry, 50 parts of mulberry leaf, 50 parts of centella, 45 parts of bitter fruit leaf and 45 parts of wormwood are mixed
After closing uniformly, 10 times of wormwood weight of clear water is added and decocts 8h, filtering and removing slag are made.
It further, further include that the old and the weak's branch, dead leaf, sick branch are trimmed and burnt in time in step (3), (4) and (5)
Disease branch, sick leaf are ruined, is kept ventilated.
2016, all even using the present embodiment progress tealeaves cultivation in Guizhou Province, cultivated area was 20 mu, is appointed not using
In the case where what pesticide, diseases and pests of tea tree incidence is 5%, so that tea yield is improved, tea yield 475kg/
Mu.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control, comprising the following steps:
(1) before tea shoot transplanting: planting previous moon cleaning tea place, pour water and drench to tea place, grass is then spread fertilizer over the fields in tea place
Wood ash and farmyard manure are turned over, plant ash and farmyard manure are turned over and buried for second day, and watering keeps native face wet before transplanting, and open
Good kind of planting ditch；The plant ash amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 140kg per acre；The farmyard manure amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 90kg per acre；
(2) nursery setting date: carrying out nursery using autogamy Nutrition Soil when nursery, and seedling, which is unearthed, carries out band soil mud to 15cm or more
Field planting is planted, before transplant planting, spreads fertilizer over the fields nutrition fertilizer in kind of planting ditch, after transplant planting, in the rice of field planting hole surface covering 3cm thickness
Grass；The Nutrition Soil is 50 parts of leaf mould, 50 parts of peat soil, 45 parts of plant ash, 20 parts of minishanny, 20 parts of humus, 90 parts of garden mould；
The nutrition fertilizer is decomposed poultry liquid dung and organic biofertilizer, their weight ratio=2.5:1, apply fertilizer 90kg per acre；
(3) seedling growth stage: the tea tree seedling development phase carries out fertilising with homemade seedling fertilizer and urges length, applies every 23d
Fertile primary, continuous fertilization 3 times, every time just in the 5d after fertilising, control soil moisture content is 17%, then pours to spill with water and keep native face wet
Profit, keeping the soil moisture content of growth is 58%；The seedling fertilizer is 135 parts of poultry liquid dung, 75 parts decomposed of farmyard manure, vegetation
Grey 87 parts, 58 parts of bone meal, 50 parts of organic biofertilizer；
(4) before tea picking: 2d waters to tea place before picking, and the soil moisture content for controlling tea place is 67%, tea picking
The previous day spreads fertilizer over the fields growth promoting fertilizer；The growth promoting fertilizer is made of raw material from the following weight: 115 parts of pig manure, 35 parts of urea, plant ash 75
Part, 45 parts of organic biofertilizer；
(5) it tea tree overwinter management: before overwintering after last time picking tealeaves, is opened in the place apart from tea tree root 4.5cm
Ditch applies cow dung and middle liquid medicine, applies 90kg per acre, puts the chicken of 0.8kg weight in a suitable place to breed in tea place, and the density for putting chicken in a suitable place to breed is 520/mu；
The middle liquid medicine is 45 parts of membranaceous marshmarigold herb, 40 parts of hill gooseberry, 40 parts of mulberry leaf, 40 parts of centella, 35 parts of bitter fruit leaf and 35 parts of wormwood
After mixing, 10 times of wormwood weight of clear water is added and decocts 8h, filtering and removing slag are made.
It further, further include that the old and the weak's branch, dead leaf, sick branch are trimmed and burnt in time in step (3), (4) and (5)
Disease branch, sick leaf are ruined, is kept ventilated.
2016, all even using the present embodiment progress tealeaves cultivation in Guizhou Province, cultivated area was 20 mu, is appointed not using
In the case where what pesticide, diseases and pests of tea tree incidence is 1%, so that tea yield is improved, tea yield 488kg/
Mu.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control, comprising the following steps:
(1) before tea shoot transplanting: planting previous moon cleaning tea place, pour water and drench to tea place, grass is then spread fertilizer over the fields in tea place
Wood ash and farmyard manure are turned over, plant ash and farmyard manure are turned over and buried for second day, and watering keeps native face wet before transplanting, and open
Good kind of planting ditch；The plant ash amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 135kg per acre；The farmyard manure amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 85kg per acre；
(2) nursery setting date: carrying out nursery using autogamy Nutrition Soil when nursery, and seedling, which is unearthed, carries out band soil mud to 15cm or more
Field planting is planted, before transplant planting, spreads fertilizer over the fields nutrition fertilizer in kind of planting ditch, after transplant planting, in the rice of field planting hole surface covering 2cm thickness
Grass；The Nutrition Soil is 45 parts of leaf mould, 45 parts of peat soil, 40 parts of plant ash, 17 parts of minishanny, 17 parts of humus, 85 parts of garden mould；
The nutrition fertilizer is decomposed poultry liquid dung and organic biofertilizer, their weight ratio=2.2:1, apply fertilizer 85kg per acre；
(3) seedling growth stage: the tea tree seedling development phase carries out fertilising with homemade seedling fertilizer and urges length, applies every 21d
Fertile primary, continuous fertilization 2 times, every time just in the 5d after fertilising, control soil moisture content is 16%, then pours to spill with water and keep native face wet
Profit, keeping the soil moisture content of growth is 56%；The seedling fertilizer is 130 parts of poultry liquid dung, 72 parts decomposed of farmyard manure, vegetation
Grey 83 parts, 55 parts of bone meal, 46 parts of organic biofertilizer；
(4) before tea picking: 1d waters to tea place before picking, and the soil moisture content for controlling tea place is 66%, tea picking
The previous day spreads fertilizer over the fields growth promoting fertilizer；The growth promoting fertilizer is made of raw material from the following weight: 110 parts of pig manure, 32 parts of urea, plant ash 70
Part, 43 parts of organic biofertilizer；
(5) tea tree overwinter management: before overwintering after last time picking tealeaves, in the place trench digging apart from tea tree root 4cm
Cow dung and middle liquid medicine are applied, applies 85kg per acre, puts the chicken of 0.6kg weight in a suitable place to breed in tea place, the density for putting chicken in a suitable place to breed is 520/mu；Institute
Stating middle liquid medicine is that 40 parts of membranaceous marshmarigold herb, 35 parts of hill gooseberry, 35 parts of mulberry leaf, 35 parts of centella, 30 parts of bitter fruit leaf and 30 parts of wormwood are mixed
After closing uniformly, 10 times of wormwood weight of clear water is added and decocts 8h, filtering and removing slag are made.
It further, further include that the old and the weak's branch, dead leaf, sick branch are trimmed and burnt in time in step (3), (4) and (5)
Disease branch, sick leaf are ruined, is kept ventilated.
2016, in Guangxi province, Nandan County carried out tealeaves cultivation using the present embodiment, and cultivated area is 20 mu, was not using
In the case where any pesticide, diseases and pests of tea tree incidence is 5%, so that tea yield is improved, tea yield is
473kg/ mus.
Embodiment 5
A kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control, comprising the following steps:
(1) before tea shoot transplanting: planting previous moon cleaning tea place, pour water and drench to tea place, grass is then spread fertilizer over the fields in tea place
Wood ash and farmyard manure are turned over, plant ash and farmyard manure are turned over and buried for second day, and watering keeps native face wet before transplanting, and open
Good kind of planting ditch；The plant ash amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 145kg per acre；The farmyard manure amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 95kg per acre；
(2) nursery setting date: carrying out nursery using autogamy Nutrition Soil when nursery, and seedling, which is unearthed, carries out band soil mud to 15cm or more
Field planting is planted, before transplant planting, spreads fertilizer over the fields nutrition fertilizer in kind of planting ditch, after transplant planting, in the rice of field planting hole surface covering 3cm thickness
Grass；The Nutrition Soil is 55 parts of leaf mould, 55 parts of peat soil, 50 parts of plant ash, 23 parts of minishanny, 23 parts of humus, 95 parts of garden mould；
The nutrition fertilizer is decomposed poultry liquid dung and organic biofertilizer, their weight ratio=2.8:1, apply fertilizer 95kg per acre；
(3) seedling growth stage: the tea tree seedling development phase carries out fertilising with homemade seedling fertilizer and urges length, applies every 29d
Fertile primary, continuous fertilization 3 times, every time just in the 5d after fertilising, control soil moisture content is 19%, then pours to spill with water and keep native face wet
Profit, keeping the soil moisture content of growth is 59%；The seedling fertilizer is 140 parts of poultry liquid dung, 78 parts decomposed of farmyard manure, vegetation
Grey 90 parts, 61 parts of bone meal, 52 parts of organic biofertilizer；
(4) before tea picking: 3d waters to tea place before picking, and the soil moisture content for controlling tea place is 69%, tea picking
The previous day spreads fertilizer over the fields growth promoting fertilizer；The growth promoting fertilizer is made of raw material from the following weight: 120 parts of pig manure, 39 parts of urea, plant ash 80
Part, 49 parts of organic biofertilizer；
(5) tea tree overwinter management: before overwintering after last time picking tealeaves, in the place trench digging apart from tea tree root 5cm
Cow dung and middle liquid medicine are applied, applies 95kg per acre, puts the chicken of 0.9kg weight in a suitable place to breed in tea place, the density for putting chicken in a suitable place to breed is 520/mu；Institute
Stating middle liquid medicine is that 50 parts of membranaceous marshmarigold herb, 45 parts of hill gooseberry, 45 parts of mulberry leaf, 45 parts of centella, 40 parts of bitter fruit leaf and 40 parts of wormwood are mixed
After closing uniformly, 10 times of wormwood weight of clear water is added and decocts 8h, filtering and removing slag are made.
It further, further include that the old and the weak's branch, dead leaf, sick branch are trimmed and burnt in time in step (3), (4) and (5)
Disease branch, sick leaf are ruined, is kept ventilated.
2016, in Guangxi province, Nandan County carried out tealeaves cultivation using the present embodiment, and cultivated area is 20 mu, was not using
In the case where any pesticide, diseases and pests of tea tree incidence is 4.5%, so that tea yield is improved, tea yield is
468kg/ mus.
Comparative example 1
2016, in Guangxi province, Nandan County carried out tealeaves cultivation using commonsense method, and cultivated area is 20 mu, was not using
In the case where any pesticide, diseases and pests of tea tree incidence is 35%, has directly influenced the yield and quality of tealeaves, tea yield
It is 227kg/ mus.
Comparative example 2
2016, all even using commonsense method progress tealeaves cultivation in Guizhou Province, cultivated area was 20 mu, is appointed not using
In the case where what pesticide, diseases and pests of tea tree incidence is 32%, has directly influenced the yield and quality of tealeaves, tea yield is
239kg/ mus.
It can be seen that cultural method of the present invention can preferably prevent and treat the generation of diseases and pests of tea tree, and further increase
The yield of tealeaves.
In conclusion the present invention is according to the disease pest of tea tree different growing stage, there is a situation where scientifically rationally prevented
It controls, reduces the generation of pest and disease damage, greatly reduce the usage amount of pesticide, effectively control and prevented and treated the hair of diseases and pests of tea tree
It is raw, Pesticide Residues in Tea is reduced, gained tea-leaf safety is nontoxic.Diseases and pests of tea tree control method of the invention, starts with from fertilizer,
With disease resistance effect and the same of tea growth demand can be met in nutrition to the fertilizer of tea tree offer nutrition using special
When, effectively the pest and disease damage of tealeaves is prevented and treated, tea tree planting process is not suitable for any pesticide substantially, greatly reduces tealeaves
The incidence of pest and disease damage effectively increases the quality of tealeaves, and fertilizer used can be improved soil fertility, will not make soil
Hardened, degeneration, tea tree greatly reduce environmental caused by fertilizer loss, protect life to utilization rate of fertilizer height
State environment has achieved the purpose that high-quality, efficient, high yield is grown tea.When tea tree is overwintering, tea place is substantially at " not the present invention
Breath " state, puts chicken in a suitable place to breed in tea place, and at this time chicken is that tea tree removes pest just as " gardener " of tea tree, reduces next year worm
Harmful incidence, while chicken, in institute in active procedure, the excrement that chicken produces can apply fertilizer to tea place, reduce the fertilising of next year
Amount；Chicken is put in a suitable place to breed using tea place, improves the utilization rate in soil, increases the income of tea grower.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, nothing
By from the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended
Claim rather than above description limit, it is intended that by the institute in the meaning and scope for the equivalent loins for falling in claim
It changes and includes within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control, which comprises the following steps:
(1) before tea shoot transplanting: planting previous moon cleaning tea place, pour water and drench to tea place, plant ash is then spread fertilizer over the fields in tea place
And farmyard manure, it is turned within second day, plant ash and farmyard manure is turned over and buried, watering keeps native face wet before transplanting, and holds kind successfully
Planting ditch；
(2) nursery setting date: carrying out nursery using autogamy Nutrition Soil when nursery, and seedling is unearthed fixed to 15cm or more progress balled transplanting
It plants, before transplant planting, spreads fertilizer over the fields nutrition fertilizer in kind of planting ditch, after transplant planting, in the straw of field planting hole surface covering 2~3cm thickness；
(3) seedling growth stage: the tea tree seedling development phase carries out fertilising with homemade seedling fertilizer and urges length, applies every 20~25d
Fertile primary, continuous fertilization 2~3 times, every time just in the 5d after fertilising, control soil moisture content is 15~20%, then is poured and spilt with water
Keep native face wet, keeping the soil moisture content of growth is 55~60%；
(4) before tea picking: the preceding 1~3d of picking waters to tea place, and the soil moisture content for controlling tea place is 65~70%, and tealeaves is adopted
It plucks the previous day and spreads fertilizer over the fields growth promoting fertilizer；
(5) it tea tree overwinter management: before overwintering after last time picking tealeaves, is applied in the place trench digging apart from 3~6cm of tea tree root
Enter cow dung and middle liquid medicine, apply 80~100kg per acre, put the chicken of 0.5~1kg weight in a suitable place to breed in tea place, the density for putting chicken in a suitable place to breed is 520
Only/mu.
2. a kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
(1), the plant ash amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 130~150kg per acre；The farmyard manure amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields is 80~100kg per acre.
3. a kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
(2), the Nutrition Soil is 40~60 parts of leaf mould, 40~60 parts of peat soil, 35~55 parts of plant ash, 15~25 parts of minishanny, corruption
Grow 15~25 parts of matter, 80~100 parts of garden mould.
4. a kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
(2), the nutrition fertilizer is decomposed poultry liquid dung and organic biofertilizer, their weight ratio=2~3:1 applies fertilizer per acre
80~100kg.
5. a kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
(3), the seedling fertilizer is 125~145 parts of poultry liquid dung, 70~80 parts decomposed of farmyard manure, 82~92 parts of plant ash, bone meal 53
~63 parts, 45~55 parts of organic biofertilizer.
6. a kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
(4), the growth promoting fertilizer is made of raw material from the following weight: 105~125 parts of pig manure, 30~40 parts of urea, plant ash 65~85
Part, 40~50 parts of organic biofertilizer.
7. a kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
(5), the middle liquid medicine is 35~55 parts of membranaceous marshmarigold herb, 30~50 parts of hill gooseberry, 30~50 parts of mulberry leaf, 30~50 parts of centella, hardship
25~45 parts of 25~45 parts of chinaberry leaf and wormwood after mixing, are added 10 times of wormwood weight of clear water and decoct 8h, filtering and removing slag
It is made.
8. a kind of cultural method of tealeaves integrated pest prevention and control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
(3), (4) and (5) further include trimming and burning in time disease branch, sick leaf for the old and the weak's branch, dead leaf, sick branch, keep ventilation saturating
Gas.
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| CN106718585A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 孝昌雄荣种植专业合作社 | A kind of tealeaves planting technique |
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| CN107347570A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-11-17 | 安庆慧可茶业股份有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of nuisanceless green tea |
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| KR20090110700A (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-22 | 김장희 | Cultivation method of sweet-persimmon contained in green tea |
| CN104322329A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-02-04 | 吴华球 | Integrated control method of passion fruit diseases and pests |
| CN106542919A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-29 | 谢雨 | The implantation methods of organic white hair tea tree |
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Application publication date: 20181221 |