CN109006153A - Method for improving ecological environment by combining mixed sweet clover planting and cat bean-vetch multiple planting in orchard - Google Patents
Method for improving ecological environment by combining mixed sweet clover planting and cat bean-vetch multiple planting in orchard Download PDFInfo
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- CN109006153A CN109006153A CN201811196637.7A CN201811196637A CN109006153A CN 109006153 A CN109006153 A CN 109006153A CN 201811196637 A CN201811196637 A CN 201811196637A CN 109006153 A CN109006153 A CN 109006153A
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- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 241000213996 Melilotus Species 0.000 title abstract description 5
- GNKZMNRKLCTJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4'-Methylacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 GNKZMNRKLCTJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 4
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 244000050427 Melilotus officinalis subsp suaveolens Species 0.000 claims description 85
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims description 60
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009336 multiple cropping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MPNNOLHYOHFJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxyphosphoric acid Chemical compound OOP(O)(O)=O MPNNOLHYOHFJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000589180 Rhizobium Species 0.000 description 2
- -1 chard Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021251 pulses Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- WTDRDQBEARUVNC-LURJTMIESA-N L-DOPA Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 WTDRDQBEARUVNC-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTDRDQBEARUVNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-Dopa Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 WTDRDQBEARUVNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000122904 Mucuna Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000111261 Mucuna pruriens Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008540 Mucuna pruriens var utilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004502 levodopa Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013324 preserved food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation management, and particularly provides a method for improving ecological environment by combining mixed sweet clover planting and cat bean-vetch multiple planting in an orchard. According to the application, the perennial upright green manure crops, sweet clover, summer green manure cat beans and winter green manure vetch are planted in a mixed mode among rows in an orchard, and the wound green manure plants such as the cat beans and the vetch are guided to climb on the sweet clover, so that the situation that climbing vines and winding fruit trees influence the growth of the fruit trees and the fruits is avoided; the fresh grass is covered on the soil surface through regular mowing, so that the surface temperature is effectively adjusted; the green manure and fresh grass content is increased, the organic matter content of the orchard soil is increased, water and soil are maintained, weeds are inhibited, and therefore the application of chemical fertilizers is reduced, the ecological environment of the orchard is improved, the fruit quality is improved, and the market competitiveness is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cultivation of fruit tree administrative skill field, a kind of orchard miscegenation daghestan sweet clover and cat beans-are specifically provided
Method of improving the ecological environment is combined in sweet potato multiple cropping.
Background technique
With the further development of agricultural economy, many orchard workers are in order to pursue short-term increasing both production and income, useization in large quantities
Fertilizer and herbicide are destroyed soil fertility decline, orchard environment, directly or indirectly affect fruit quality.In recent years,
Miscegenation green manure is had tried in orchard to improve soil environment, meanwhile, green manure can also play the work for inhibiting weeds, conserving water and soil
With.But the growth ability of green manure is generally all stronger, it is easy to which climbing winding fruit tree influences the normal growth of fruit tree.
Daghestan sweet clover, popular name is wild alfalfa, and pulse family Melilotus erect type is annual and biennial herb plant.It is cold-resistant, resistance to
Barren, wide adaptability, it is not stringent to soil requirement, it can not only make herbage, but also green manure can be made.
Cat beans, scientific name are that one kind is drought-enduring, adaptability is very strong Chinese velvetbean seed or leaf, the annual herbaceous species plant of pulse family Mucuna
Crops, there are many rhizobium in root, land fertility can be improved, and root system is than more developed, and leaf is climing to climb to a higher point, and broad covered area has
Conducive to conserving water and soil.Cat beans green forage yield is high, can cradle 2-3 times every year, be superior pannage;It is adopted when its pods mature
It plucks, after the processing of the detoxifications such as boiling, immersion, dries dehydration and be made into dried food and nuts storage, cook after winter taking-up foaming, taste is fresh
Beauty has the effect of kidney-tonifying health-care.But it is easy akala and winds fruit tree, will affect the normal growth of fruit tree.
Sweet potato, annual or Yue Niansheng leguminous herbaceous plant, root raw rhizobium fixed nitrogen, vines be up to 2~3 meters, crawl
Crawl or half sprawl growth, resistance to lean, the disease-resistant, drought resisting of sweet potato is all very strong, compared with generally also have on dead soil good fresh grass and
Seed production.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is: overcome drawbacks described above, a kind of orchard miscegenation daghestan sweet clover and cat beans-sweet potato multiple cropping combination are provided
The method improved the ecological environment reduces agriculture chemical dosage, improves soil environment, improves the yield and quality.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of orangery miscegenation daghestan sweet clover and cat beans-sweet potato multiple cropping combination are improved the ecological environment method, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
(1) green manure is sowed
(1) sowing of daghestan sweet clover:
Orchard weed is removed before sowing;Late March selects rainy weather sowing, sows positional distance fruit tree to early April
Trunk 100cm or more avoids main root and fruit tree from striving fertilizer and strives water;Line-spacing 30-40cm, spacing in the rows 20-30cm, seed level 2- are sowed in bunch planting
4cm, broadcasts rear earthing by every cave 2-4;
(2) sowing of cat beans: cat beans seedtime is late April to mid-May;Daghestan sweet clover in the ranks, broadcast at diagonal line
Kind cat beans, bunch planting, seed level 2-4cm, broadcast rear earthing by every cave 2-4;
(3) sowing of sweet potato: sweet potato seedtime is late September to mid-October;Broadcast sowing, per acre application rate 2kg~
3kg broadcasts rear earthing;
(4) when daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato are sowed per acre basal dressing 10kg~20kg in growth belt.
(2) tending management
After daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato plantation, after natural precipitation, seed sprouting checks daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato in time
Sub- emergence, the timely after-culture of Miao Shaoxu, the more then timely thinnings of seedling;
In citrus growth belt weeding, while removing the weeds of daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato growth belt;High temperature and rainy season
Section is sprayed with the carbendazim of 0.2-0.3% when anthracnose occurs in daghestan sweet clover, is sprayed within every 10-15 days once, continuous spraying 2-3
It is secondary;Cat beans and sweet potato premunition are strong, do not have to spray.
(3) utilization is cradled
Daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato it is long to 60-100cm high when cradle for the first time, the daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato stem after cradling
Foliage cover cradles once when hereafter often growing to 60-80cm in orchard earth's surface, gathers in height for the stubble left 30-40cm every time, cradle every year
After 2-4 times, it is covered on earth's surface returning to the field.
The application passed through in the orchard in the ranks perennial erect type green manure crop daghestan sweet clover of miscegenation and summer green manure cat beans and winter
The multiple cropping of Ji Lvfei sweet potato is combined, and the winding-types green manure plant climbing such as guidance cat beans, sweet potato is on daghestan sweet clover, in case its akala twines
Fruit tree and fruit growth are influenced around fruit tree;By periodically cradling, fresh grass is set to be covered on soil surface, effectively adjusting surface temperature;
Increase green manure fresh grass amount, improve the orchard soil content of organic matter, conserve water and soil, inhibit weeds, to subtract to fertilize, improves orchard
Ecological environment improves nutrient quality, promotes the market competitiveness.
Further, in step (1), daghestan sweet clover sowing before with 95%~97% the concentrated sulfuric acid immersion seed 10min~
20min;Then it is rinsed well and is dried with clear water, then impregnate 2-3min with 80 DEG C of warm water.
Further, in step (4), the base manure is comprised the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers,
30-40 parts of well-rotted farmyard manures, 20-30 parts of sawdusts.Have many advantages, such as that fertilizer efficiency is good, light, vaporization prevention.
Further, the farmyard manure is chicken manure or pig manure.
Further, daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato are sowed in childhood orchard.
Further, each citrus in the ranks plants the daghestan sweet clover of 2-3 row and the cat beans of 1-2 row, and in the ranks spreads in daghestan sweet clover
Broadcast sweet potato.
Further, the planting density of fruit tree is 83 plants per acre, 4 meters of line-spacing, 2 meters of spacing in the rows in orchard.
Further, the orchard is citrus orchard.
The invention has the advantages that (1) it is fresh can to effectively improve green manure by orchard miscegenation leguminous green manure daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato
Biomass reduces chemical fertilizer application, improves fruit quality, while these three green manure have different economic values, wherein daghestan sweet clover
Not only it green can raise, but also can be made into grass meal and Chinese herbal medicine is bought;Cat beans were not only edible, but also can make the raw material of levodopa medicine, and sweet potato is not only
It is sweet potato honey can also to be made, to improve the income of orchard worker outside one kind important green manure and forage crop.
(2) by orchard miscegenation leguminous green manure daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato, orchard soil fertility, miscegenation grass are effectively improved
The soil of wooden slippers, cat beans and sweet potato with it is clear plough and only plant a kind of green manure compared with, the soil organism, full nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen significantly mention
It is high.
(3) by orchard miscegenation leguminous green manure daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato, slope garden soil erosion can be effectively prevented,
Compared with clear plough, flow path surface and the soil erosion decrease the soil of miscegenation daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato.
It (5), can Effective Regulation orchard surface temperature, earth's surface by orchard miscegenation leguminous green manure daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato
Humidity and orchard microenvironment.
(6) daghestan sweet clover selected is perennial green manure crop, has achieved the purpose that primary sowing utilizes for many years;Except non-artificial
Intervene, sweet potato only needs First Year to sow, and falls into field after mature, later annual this season, that is, self-growth;Cat beans adaptability
By force, be suitable for extensive management: three kinds of green manure of comprehensive plantation can be effectively reduced while increasing fertility, inhibiting weed growth
Labour cost.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.
Embodiment 1
In the Nanning town Shuan Ding, selected orchard is Young citrus orchard for testing site, the age of tree 1 year, sloping upland, and the gradient 21,
Soil is red soil, and Citrus Orchard physiochemical properties of soil in the ranks, PH 6.46, organic matter 12.1gkg are measured before testing-1, full nitrogen
(N)1.2g·kg-1, full phosphorus (P) 0.6gkg-1, full potassium (K) 4.5gkg-1.Cropping pattern is citrus 3 row daghestan sweet clover+2 in the ranks
In the ranks 3 row daghestan sweet clovers+daghestan sweet clover in the ranks broadcasts sowing the mode of sweet potato for row cat beans and citrus
Specific step is as follows:
(1) green manure is sowed
(1) orchard weed the sowing of daghestan sweet clover: is removed before sowing;Sowing on March 26th, 2016 sows position using bunch planting
It sets apart from fruit tree trunk 100cm or more, sows line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, seed level 2-4cm, broadcast rear earthing by every cave 2-3;It broadcasts
Seed 20min is impregnated with 95% concentrated sulfuric acid before kind;Then it is rinsed well and is dried with clear water, then impregnate 3min with 80 DEG C of warm water.
(2) sowing of cat beans: daghestan sweet clover in the ranks, sow cat beans at diagonal line, seed level 2-4cm, every cave 3-4, after broadcasting
Earthing.
(3) sowing of sweet potato: sowing in by the end of October, 2016, and in daghestan sweet clover, in the ranks uniform broadcasting sweet potato, application rate 3-4 are public
Jin, broadcasts rear earthing.
(4) daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato after planting, apply 20kg base manure per acre and spread fertilizer over the fields in growth belt;The base manure is by such as
Lower parts by weight at being grouped as: 50 parts of peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, 40 parts of Chicken dungs, 20 parts of sawdusts.
(2) tending management
After daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato plantation, after natural precipitation, seed sprouting checks that daghestan sweet clover and cat beans go out in time
Growth of cereal crop seedlings condition, the timely after-culture of Miao Shaoxu, the more then timely thinnings of seedling;
In citrus growth belt weeding, while removing the weeds of daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato growth belt;
High temperature and rainy season is sprayed with the carbendazim of 0.2%-0.3%, is sprayed within every 15 days when anthracnose occurs in daghestan sweet clover
Once, continuous spraying 2-3 times, cat beans and sweet potato disease resistance are strong, can be without spray.
(3) utilization is cradled
When daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato it is long to 60-80cm high when cradle for the first time, the daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato after cradling
Cauline leaf is covered on orchard earth's surface, cradles when hereafter often growing to 60-80cm once, gathers in the height for the stubble left every time in 35cm, cuts every year
It cuts 3 times.
Embodiment 2
Miscegenation daghestan sweet clover and cat beans are carried out in the 2 age orchards in Nanning Wuming area improves orchard environment
Test, cropping pattern are the mode of citrus in the ranks+1 row cat beans of 2 row daghestan sweet clover, and sloping upland, the gradient 19, soil is red soil, test
Preceding measurement Citrus Orchard in the ranks physiochemical properties of soil, PH6.59, organic matter 16.43gkg-1, full nitrogen (N) 1.38gkg-1,
Full phosphorus (P) 0.64gkg-1, full potassium (K) 4.61g.
Include the following steps:
(1) green manure is sowed
(1) orchard weed the sowing of daghestan sweet clover: is removed before sowing;Sowing on March 25th, 2016 sows position using bunch planting
It sets apart from fruit tree trunk 100cm or more, sows line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, seed level 2-4cm, broadcast rear earthing by every cave 3-4.It broadcasts
Seed 10min is impregnated with 97% concentrated sulfuric acid before kind;Then it is rinsed well and is dried with clear water, then impregnate 2min with 80 DEG C of warm water.
(2) sowing of cat beans: daghestan sweet clover in the ranks, sow cat beans at diagonal line, seed level 2-4cm, every cave 2-3, after broadcasting
Earthing.
(3) daghestan sweet clover and cat beans after planting, are applied 20kg base manure per acre and are spread fertilizer over the fields in growth belt;The base manure is by following weight
Part at being grouped as: 40 parts of peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, 40 parts of Chicken dungs, 25 parts of sawdusts.
(2) tending management
After daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato plantation, after natural precipitation, seed sprouting checks that daghestan sweet clover and cat beans go out in time
Growth of cereal crop seedlings condition, the timely after-culture of Miao Shaoxu, the more then timely thinnings of seedling;In citrus growth belt weeding, at the same remove daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and
The weeds of sweet potato growth belt;High temperature and rainy season is sprayed, often with the carbendazim of 0.2%-0.3% when anthracnose occurs in daghestan sweet clover
It sprays within 15 days once, continuous spraying 2 times, cat beans and sweet potato disease resistance are strong, can be without spray.
(3) utilization is cradled
When daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato it is long to 60-80cm high when cradle for the first time, the daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato after cradling
Cauline leaf is covered on orchard earth's surface, cradles when hereafter often growing to 60-80cm once, gathers in the height for the stubble left every time in 35cm, cuts every year
It cuts 3 times.
Embodiment 3
Miscegenation daghestan sweet clover and sweet potato are carried out in the 1 age orchard of the Nanning town Shuan Ding improves the examination of orchard environment
It tests, cropping pattern is citrus 2 row daghestan sweet clovers+drilling sweet potato mode in the ranks
Include the following steps:
(1) green manure is sowed
(1) orchard weed the sowing of daghestan sweet clover: is removed before sowing;Sowing on March 26th, 2016, with 80 before daghestan sweet clover sowing
DEG C warm water impregnates 3min.Using bunch planting, positional distance fruit tree trunk 100cm or more is sowed, sows line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm,
Seed level 2-4cm, broadcasts rear earthing by every cave 3-4;
(2) sowing of sweet potato: on October 26th, 2016, in daghestan sweet clover in the ranks drilling sweet potato, 2-3 kilograms of application rate, after broadcasting
Earthing;
(3) daghestan sweet clover and sweet potato after planting, apply 15kg base manure per acre and spread fertilizer over the fields in growth belt;The base manure is by following weight
Part at being grouped as: 35 parts of peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, 30 parts of Chicken dungs, 20 parts of sawdusts.
(2) tending management
After daghestan sweet clover and sweet potato plantation, after natural precipitation, seed sprouting checks that daghestan sweet clover and cat beans go out the growth of cereal crop seedlings in time
Condition, the timely after-culture of Miao Shaoxu, the more then timely thinnings of seedling;
In citrus growth belt weeding, while removing the weeds of daghestan sweet clover growth belt;
High temperature and rainy season is sprayed with the carbendazim of 0.2%-0.3%, is sprayed within every 15 days when anthracnose occurs in daghestan sweet clover
Once, continuous spraying 2-3 times, sweet potato disease resistance is strong, generally can be without spray;
(3) utilization is cradled
When daghestan sweet clover and sweet potato it is long to 60cm high when cradle for the first time, the daghestan sweet clover and sweet potato cauline leaf after cradling are covered on orchard
Earth's surface, cradles once when hereafter often growing to 60-80cm, gathers in the height for the stubble left every time in 35cm, cradles every year 3 times.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is ploughed using clear, i.e., green manure is not planted in orchard, using herbicide weeding, if two testing sites: Guangxi
The Nanning City town Shuan Ding and Nanning Wuming area.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example in the ranks sows cat beans in orchard.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example in the ranks sows sweet potato in orchard.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example in the ranks sows daghestan sweet clover in orchard.
2,3,4 testing site of comparative example is in the Nanning town Shuan Ding.
Implementation result after above embodiments are planted 1 year: after plantation 1 year, cradling 3 times, and embodiment 1 is than embodiment 2, implementation
Example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3, the fresh biomass of green manure of comparative example 4 are all high;In soil
In terms of nutrient situation, pattern Example 1 and embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and comparative example 1,2,3,4 are compared, 1 soil of embodiment
The content of organic matter, full nitrogen, full phosphorus, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium equal size significantly improve.Citrus orchard earth's surface wetland improves, temperature
Degree reduces, in terms of fruit yield and quality conditions, pattern Example 1 and embodiment 2, and embodiment 3 and comparative example 1,2,
3,4 compare, and 1 fruit yield of embodiment and quality (soluble sugar content) significantly improve.It is detailed in the following table 1-6.
The 1 fresh biomass of the Nanning town Shuan Ding different land use patterns unit area green manure of table
The 2 Nanning town Shuan Ding different land use patterns surface temperature moisture content table (July, 12:00) of table
Test soil nutrient content situation table, table 3 in the Nanning town Shuan Ding
Test soil nutrient content situation table, table 4 in Nanning Wuming area
Test fruit yield and quality conditions table, table 5 in the Nanning town Shuan Ding
Test fruit yield and quality conditions table, table 6 in Nanning Wuming area
It should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.In addition, it should also be understood that,
After reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can various modifications may be made or change to the present invention, these
Equivalent form is also fallen within the scope of the appended claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
- The method 1. orchard miscegenation daghestan sweet clover and cat beans-sweet potato multiple cropping combination are improved the ecological environment, which is characterized in that including walking as follows It is rapid:(1) green manure is sowed(1) sowing of daghestan sweet clover:Orchard weed is removed before sowing;Late March selects rainy weather sowing, sows positional distance fruit tree trunk to early April 100cm or more avoids main root and fruit tree from striving fertilizer and strives water;Line-spacing 30-40cm, spacing in the rows 20-30cm, seed level 2-4 cm are sowed in bunch planting, Every cave 2-4, broadcast rear earthing;(2) sowing of cat beans: cat beans seedtime is late April to mid-May;Daghestan sweet clover in the ranks, at diagonal line sow cat Beans, bunch planting, seed level 2-4 cm, broadcast rear earthing by every cave 2-4;(3) sowing of sweet potato: sweet potato seedtime is late September to mid-October;It broadcasts sowing, per acre application rate 2 kg~3 kg, Broadcast rear earthing;(4) when daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato are sowed per acre basal dressing 10 kg~20 kg in growth belt;(2) tending managementAfter daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato plantation, after natural precipitation, seed sprouting checks that daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato go out in time Growth of cereal crop seedlings condition, the timely after-culture of Miao Shaoxu, the more then timely thinnings of seedling;In citrus growth belt weeding, while removing the weeds of daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato growth belt;High temperature and rainy season, when There is anthracnose in daghestan sweet clover, is sprayed with the carbendazim of 0.2-0.3%, sprays within every 10-15 days primary, continuous spraying 2-3 times;Cat beans It is strong with sweet potato premunition, do not have to spray;(3) utilization is cradledDaghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato it is long to 60-100cm high when cradle for the first time, the daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato cauline leaf after cradling cover It covers in orchard earth's surface, is cradled when hereafter often growing to 60-80cm once, gather in height for the stubble left 30-40cm every time, cradle 2-4 every year After secondary, it is covered on earth's surface returning to the field.
- The method 2. orangery miscegenation daghestan sweet clover as described in claim 1 and cat beans-sweet potato multiple cropping combination are improved the ecological environment, it is special Sign is: in step (1), impregnating seed 10 min~20 min with 95%~97% concentrated sulfuric acid before daghestan sweet clover sowing;Then It is rinsed well and is dried with clear water, then impregnate 2-3min with 80 DEG C of warm water.
- The method 3. miscegenation daghestan sweet clover in orchard as described in claim 1 and cat beans-sweet potato multiple cropping combination are improved the ecological environment, it is special Sign is: in step (4), the base manure is comprised the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, 30-40 parts it is decomposed Farmyard manure, 20-30 part sawdust.
- The method 4. miscegenation daghestan sweet clover in orchard as claimed in claim 3 and cat beans-sweet potato multiple cropping combination are improved the ecological environment, it is special Sign is: the farmyard manure is chicken manure or pig manure.
- The method 5. miscegenation daghestan sweet clover in orchard as described in claim 1 and cat beans-sweet potato multiple cropping combination are improved the ecological environment, it is special Sign is: daghestan sweet clover, cat beans and sweet potato are sowed in childhood orchard.
- The method 6. miscegenation daghestan sweet clover in orchard as described in claim 1 and cat beans-sweet potato multiple cropping combination are improved the ecological environment, it is special Sign is: each citrus in the ranks plants the daghestan sweet clover of 2-3 row and the cat beans of 1-2 row, and in the ranks broadcasts sowing sweet potato in daghestan sweet clover.
- The method 7. miscegenation daghestan sweet clover in orchard as described in claim 1 and cat beans-sweet potato multiple cropping combination are improved the ecological environment, it is special Sign is: the planting density of fruit tree is 83 plants per acre, 4 meters of line-spacing, 2 meters of spacing in the rows in orchard.
- The method 8. miscegenation daghestan sweet clover in orchard as described in claim 1 and cat beans-sweet potato multiple cropping combination are improved the ecological environment, it is special Sign is: the orchard is citrus orchard.
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Cited By (5)
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CN111727796A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-02 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for interplanting aquatica creeper among fruit trees in coastal saline-alkali soil |
CN111869496A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Citrus orchard chicken raising method |
CN112106601A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-22 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for interplanting green manure in coastal saline-alkali soil orchard |
CN112640637A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-13 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Red-soil honey pomelo garden annual ecological interplanting green manure cultivation method |
CN113016546A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-25 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Sweet clover dry farming planting method |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111727796A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-02 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for interplanting aquatica creeper among fruit trees in coastal saline-alkali soil |
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CN112640637A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-13 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Red-soil honey pomelo garden annual ecological interplanting green manure cultivation method |
CN113016546A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-25 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Sweet clover dry farming planting method |
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