CN108902814A - 白及护胃减肥产品及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种白及护胃减肥产品及其应用，由各原料成份以以下重量份组成：魔芋精粉10～25份加入水高温处理，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及20～50份，冷却后再加入功能剂0～20份，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到25％～45％，再加入魔芋精粉5～20份，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌后密封保存备用。采用高温处理魔芋精粉再与白及功能性成分混合，有利于白及嵌合在魔芋精粉中，降低了白及淀粉在胃肠中的水解速度，同时达到了白及中功能性多糖对胃肠修复的目的；通过两种不同多糖分子混合，形成大量小孔的多孔结构，利用真空干燥脱水过程使对胃肠剌激或易氧化物质进入到小孔中，延长了在胃肠中停留时间。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种白及护胃减肥产品及其应用，属于保健食品加工技术领域。
背景技术
肥胖是指一定程度的明显超重与脂肪层过厚，是体内脂肪，尤其是甘油三酯积累过多而导致的一种状态，它不是指单纯的体重增加，而是体内脂肪组织积蓄过剩的状态。随着物质的丰富，生活水平的提高，肥胖症日益变成人们越来越关注，也越来越头疼的问题。肥胖是万症之源，影响消化系统功能、内分泌系统功能、增加癌症发生的危险性和心血管疾病的危险等等。很多人通过减少摄入食物来减肥，虽然短期成效好，但是对人体的胃肠健康会产生不良后果。
白及假鳞茎是常用中药，止血收敛、消肿生肌功效好。入药内服主治肺结核咯血、支气管扩张咯血、胃溃疡吐血、尿血、便血等症；外用治外伤出血、烧烫伤、手足皲裂等。近年来研究发现，白及假鳞茎中的白及胶是主要药效部位，其主要成分是葡甘聚糖等水溶性多糖。白及胶的理化性质与阿拉伯胶、西黄蓍胶类似，但黏性特殊。白及止血效果确切可靠，主要与这种白及胶有关。白及胶成膜具有较强粘附力，敷于动物的出血点或面，可立刻与创面融合而难以剥离，而且仅仅是接触伤口的一面溶融，这样就可迅速止血和防止感染。实验证明，白及提取物具有缩短凝血时间、抑制肌体对纤维素溶解的作用，可迅速形成人工血栓，对外伤止血或内脏出血临床治疗均有较好疗效，安全且无任何副作用。
白及胶属于分子量较小的天然聚合物，但无抗原性、无致热原性，与动物机体组织较好地相容，并可被缓慢地降解吸收。白及胶目前广泛用于胃、食道、十二指肠等消化道溃疡，鼻腔、口腔等呼吸道粘膜溃疡，子宫、阴道等妇科疾病的粘膜溃疡，以及皮肤损伤、疮疡、烧烫伤等临床治疗，总有效率在90％以上，有些病例类型的治愈有效率高达100％，而且治愈效果受到年龄大小、病程长短、个体差异及不同职业等因素的影响较小。
白及对胃、十二指肠等粘膜具有保护治疗作用，机理是刺激粘膜细胞合成和分泌释放内源性前列腺素(PG)，不仅仅是机械性保护作用，该研究成果为中医药治疗各类溃疡病提供了重要的基础理论依据。显微观察伤口愈合时间，发现白及胶能显著增加创面渗出多核性白细胞、单核性白细胞和纤维细胞的数量，显著加快伤口愈合速度。采用皮肤器官培养法(浮游法)培养SD小鼠皮片，发现白及处理组的角质形成细胞游走比对照组的显著地快而长，培养出皮片的时间与游走长度呈正相关，反映白及胶直接参与受损组织细胞的修复和代谢过程。
白及胶黏度特性优异，堪比阿拉伯胶、黄耆胶，可作为食品、化妆品领域的增稠剂、悬浮剂、保湿剂和助乳化剂，还可作为良好的赋形剂、散剂、膜剂、凝胶剂的基质材料。白及胶、白及生物碱，以及白及其他活性成分，在抑制肿瘤细胞增生、延缓皮肤衰老，以及增稠、悬浮、保湿、助乳化和赋型等方面具有广泛市场前景，目前相关研究文献都很多。
公开号为CN1164386的中国专利公开了一种白及空心胶囊，取白及胶10-15g，碳水化合物类亲水胶0.5-2g，电解质0.1-0.2g，表面活性剂0.1-0.2g，硫化物类抗氧剂0.0005-0.001g，酯类或水溶性增塑剂1-5g，消泡剂、防腐剂、水溶性色素和非水溶性涂料适量，水加至100g，溶融后，过滤，在温度60-70℃下保温2小时以上，弃尽汽泡。
公开号为CN101429254的中国专利公开了一种白及多糖，取白及生药材块茎，粉碎成粗粉，用其粗粉重量的4-10倍量40-95％乙醇冷浸或回流提取2-3次，提取后的药渣晾干至无醇味；将上述晾干至无醇味的药渣，用其重量的10-30倍量的60～80℃水温浸提1-3小时，或煮沸提1-3小时，提取2-3次，合并提取液，过滤；将上述滤液通过大孔型或凝胶型弱碱性阴离子树脂和大孔型或凝胶型弱酸性阳离子树脂，或通过大孔型或凝胶型弱酸性阴离子树脂和大孔型或凝胶型弱碱性阳离子树脂，用去离子水洗脱，收集洗脱液；将上述洗脱液浓缩至相对密度1.1～1.5，加入乙醇至含醇量达到30％～85％，沉淀出白及多糖，收集沉淀，沉淀用60％～80％乙醇洗涤1～3次，将沉淀进一步真空干燥即得白及多糖。
公开号为CN102895206A的中国专利公开了一种白及多糖胃漂浮片，白芨粉碎，过40目筛得到白芨粉；称取白芨粉，按固液比1∶10加入纯净水，60℃水浴搅拌加热3h，尼龙布过滤，收集滤液，残渣继续加水，浸提3h，重复2次。合并滤液，5000r/min离心10min；上清液50℃减压浓缩至1/3体积，60％的乙醇终浓度醇沉6h，3000r/min离心10min，得沉淀物，60℃烘干；加入60倍体积的纯水复溶，再于60℃水浴搅拌加热2h，8000r/min低温高速离心10min，上清液用60％的乙醇终浓度醇沉6h，3000r/min离心10min，得沉淀物，丙酮洗涤两次，无水乙醇洗涤2次脱水；60℃真空烘干，得白芨粗多糖；取白芨多糖粉末，用最少量的水溶解，搅拌至全部溶解，4000r/min离心10min，取上清液，向上清液中加入Sevage试剂(氯仿/正丁醇为4∶1)除蛋白，多糖与Sevage试剂的体积比为5∶1，混匀、充分震荡20min，8000r/min低温高速离心10min，除去两相之间的沉淀，重复数次。直至280nm处无吸收波长；将3500Da的透析袋预先放在沸水里煮沸15min，将白芨样液装入透析袋中流水透析24h，取出袋内样品冻干。得到灰白色的白芨多糖；按重量份数计，白及多糖100份、黄原胶5-10份、山嵛酸甘油酯5-10份，将白及多糖和黄原胶制成颗粒，与山嵛酸甘油酯混合均匀，制备成片剂。
公开号为CN106867865A的中国专利公开了一种白及醋的制作方法，包括以下步骤：步骤一、原料的处理：选择高粱粉和白及粉，混匀后加水摊开堆放12～15h；步骤二、蒸料：将混合料送入蒸煮锅进行蒸料；步骤三、拌曲：蒸料后，出锅后冷却，洒水降温，加入大曲，搅拌均匀得到待发酵料；步骤四、发酵：将待发酵料放入酒精发酵缸中，加入酒精；发酵得到酒精醪；步骤五、醋酸发酵：将酒精醪继续发酵，淋出生醋；步骤六、浓缩贮存：将淋出的生醋浓缩，打入储存器陈酿1～6个月得到陈醋；步骤七、灭菌、包装出厂：将贮存后的陈醋灭菌，包装后的成品出厂。
公开号为CN107006569A的中国专利公开了一种白及养胃饼干的制备方法，包括以下步骤，步骤一、原料的准备：将白及洗净后放入锅中，熬制，放入绿茶粉，混匀后再打浆，喷浆干燥得到白及粉；步骤二、和面：将白及粉、低筋面粉、食用碱、糖、食盐置于和面机内，形成生面团；步骤三、混合冷藏：将调味料与生面团混合，继续搅拌得到混合面团，后冷藏；步骤四、压面：取出冷藏后的混合面团，辊压成面片，反复折叠；步骤五、烤制：将面片用各种形状的模具制成饼坯，摆放于涂有食用油的烤盘内至饼干成型，于室温下冷却即得白及养胃饼干。
公开号为CN107048180A的中国专利公开了一种白及养胃面条，包括以下原料，白及淀粉、粟米粉、猴头菇、面粉、盐、食用碱和鹌鹑蛋。包括以下步骤制得：备料：a、将白及淀粉、粟米粉、面粉和食用碱混合；b、将猴头菇洗净切成块状，加入水和盐，放入汤锅中煮1～2h，煮好的猴头菇和汤汁放入打浆机内打成浆汁备用；将冷却的浆汁和鹌鹑蛋倒入白及淀粉、粟米粉、面粉和食用碱的混合物中，和面完后醒面；将面团熟化；将熟化后的面团切片，制得面条，静置晾晒，消毒后密封保存，得到白及养胃面条。
公开号为CN103704591A的中国专利公开了一种润肠通便面条，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：粳米40-50、赤小豆40-50、扁豆30-40、小麦淀粉25-35、老鹤草1-2、罗布麻1-2、牛夕1-2、寮刁竹2-3、番薯20-30、蜂蜜15-20、松子仁20-30、海带25-30、韭菜15-20、陈醋10-12、猪大肠20-25、食品改良剂1-2、水适量；所述食品改良剂由下列重量份的原料制成：青豆30-40、金枪鱼肉20-30、释迦果20-25、黑蒜15-20、火龙果皮10-15、九仙草4-5、柿蒂5-6、罗汉果叶3-4、竹茹3-4、黑皮根4-5、瓜子金5-6、白及5-6、小麦胚芽油1-2、水适量；制备方法是将九仙草、柿蒂、罗汉果叶、竹茹、黑皮根、瓜子金、白及加入适量水煎煮1-2小时，滤掉沉渣，再与青豆混合加热煮沸后研磨成浆；将黑蒜、火龙果皮烘干研磨成粉，加入小麦胚芽油后与金枪鱼肉混合搅拌均匀，放入蒸笼中蒸熟，烘干，研磨成粉；将取释迦果的果肉打成果汁；将所得的青豆浆、鱼粉、果汁以及其它剩余成分混合，小火煮沸、搅拌20-30分钟，冷却、喷雾干燥，即得。
公开号为CN105685990A的中国专利公开了一种降脂减肥的保健品，其特征在于，该保健品包括以下组分：鹿茸提取物、蜗牛蛋白粉、葵花籽提取物、黑蚂蚁提取物、菠萝粉、柠檬粉、胡萝卜粉、片苓和白及，各组分的重量含量为：鹿茸提取物10～20份、蜗牛蛋白粉22～37份、葵花籽提取物9～19份、黑蚂蚁提取物15～30份、菠萝粉15～25份、柠檬粉15～25份、胡萝卜粉30～40份、片苓5～15份和白及5～15份，直接混合制成的。
公开号为CN105686009A的中国专利公开了一种魔芋葡甘聚糖减肥代餐营养棒的制备方法，制备步骤如下：(1)原料的称取：按重量份数，分别称取魔芋葡甘聚糖20～35份，谷物类15～25份，全蛋粉15～18份，油脂3～4份，糖醇5～15份，鲜果7～10份，杏仁粉1.5～2份，水20～40份；所述谷物类包括燕麦片、麸皮、膨化谷物颗粒中的一种，或多种；油脂为植物油，包括油菜籽油、葵花籽、花生油、大豆油中的一种，或多种；糖醇包括山梨醇、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇、异麦芽糖醇中的一种，或多种；所述鲜果，如枸杞、红枣、圣女果、葡萄；所述膨化谷物颗粒，如黑米、小米、大米、玉米；(2)混合液的制备：按步骤(1)的比例，取魔芋葡甘聚糖和糖醇混合均匀后倒入水中，放入90℃水浴锅中，边加热边搅拌15min后倒入打料机中，加入油脂，搅拌均匀；(3)原料的混合：将所述谷物类、全蛋粉、鲜果、杏仁粉和水，按步骤(1)的比例混合均匀后，于打料机搅打的同时逐渐加入到打料机中的混合液中，搅打10～15min，得混合料；(4)出料，成型：置步骤(3)的混合料于模具中，160℃烘烤至含水率不高于8％，冷却后包装。
以上文献资料表明，利用白及或白及多糖虽能有效达到护胃效果，但在产品制备过程中大量使用了人体易吸收的能量高的物质，对减肥作用不大。另外魔芋精粉作为可食性好的膳食纤维，现有魔芋减肥产品都是通过减少胃肠吸收能量，对大肠的负荷较大，影响整个生态平衡。
发明内容
针对现有产品中存在白及或白及多糖护肠胃或魔芋或魔芋精粉减肥等功能单一，因此，本发明提供一种白及与魔芋精粉配伍具有明显护肠胃、减肥作用的中药材复配方和制备方法。
在一个实施方案中，白及护胃减肥产品是由各原料成份以以下重量份组成：魔芋精粉10～25份加入5～20倍重量的水高温处理1～3h，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及20～50份，冷却后再加入功能剂0～20份，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到25％～45％，再加入魔芋精粉5～20份，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌20～40min后密封保存备用。
在一个具体实施方案中，其中各原料成分以以下重量份组成：魔芋精粉15～20份加入10～20倍重量的水高温处理1～3h，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及，冷却后再加入功能剂0～15份，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到35％～40％，再加入魔芋精粉15～20份，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌20～40min后密封保存备用。
在另一个具体实施方案中，其中各原料成分以以下重量份组成：魔芋精粉20份加入20倍重量的水高温处理2h，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及35份，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到35％～40％，再加入魔芋精粉15份，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌20～40min后密封保存备用。
在另一个具体实施方案中，其中各原料成分以以下重量份组成：魔芋精粉20份加入20倍重量的水高温处理2h，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及35份，冷却后再加入功能剂2份，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到35％～40％，再加入魔芋精粉15份，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌20～40min后密封保存备用。
上述高温处理为75～95℃，优选在85℃。
上述功能剂是指多甲氧基黄酮、柠檬醋、大豆异黄酮、葛根素、绿原酸、木犀草素等功能性物质。上述高温蒸汽灭菌在115～121℃，优选在121℃。
上述制备的产品可以直接用于保湿材料中，也可直接用于化妆品中保水材料方面的应用，也可以用于抑制各种病原菌等医用材料中。
技术效果
1、采用高温处理魔芋精粉再与白及功能性成分混合，有利于白及嵌合在魔芋精粉中，降低了白及淀粉在胃肠中的水解速度，同时达到了白及中功能性多糖对胃肠修复的目的。
2、通过两种不同多糖分子混合，形成大量小孔的多孔结构，利用真空干燥脱水过程使对胃肠剌激或易氧化物质进入到小孔中，延长了在胃肠中停留时间。
具体实施方式
下面，本发明将用实施例进行进一步的说明，但是它并不限于这些实施例的任一个或类似实例。
实施例1
取魔芋精粉20g加入400g的水高温处理2h，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及35g，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到35％，再加入魔芋精粉15g，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌30min后密封保存备用。
实施例2
取魔芋精粉50g加入1000g的水高温处理2h，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及100g，冷却后再加入5g绿原酸，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到35％，再加入魔芋精粉50g，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌25min后密封保存备用，经HPLC检测产品中绿原酸含量为1.58％。
对照实施例1
取魔芋精粉100g加入1000g的水，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及100g，再加入5g绿原酸，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到35％，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌25min后密封保存备用，经HPLC检测产品中绿原酸含量为0.75％。
对照实施例2
取魔芋精粉100g加入1000g的水高温处理2h，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及100g，冷却后再加入5g绿原酸，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到35％，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌25min后密封保存备用，经HPLC检测产品中绿原酸含量为0.94％。
Claims (7)
1.白及护胃减肥产品及其制备方法是由各原料成份以以下重量份组成：魔芋精粉10～25份加入5～20倍重量的水高温处理1～3h，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及20～50份，冷却后再加入功能剂0～20份，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到25％～45％，再加入魔芋精粉5～20份，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌20～40min后密封保存备用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的产品及其制备方法是由各原料成分以以下重量份组成：魔芋精粉15～20份加入10～20倍重量的水高温处理1～3h，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及，冷却后再加入功能剂0～15份，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到35％～40％，再加入魔芋精粉15～20份，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌20～40min后密封保存备用。
3.根据权利要求1所述的产品及其制备方法是由各原料成分以以下重量份组成：魔芋精粉20份加入20倍重量的水高温处理2h，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及35份，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到35％～40％，再加入魔芋精粉15份，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌20～40min后密封保存备用。
4.根据权利要求1所述的产品及其制备方法是由各原料成分以以下重量份组成：魔芋精粉20份加入20倍重量的水高温处理2h，加入粉碎过20目筛后白及35份，冷却后再加入功能剂2份，搅拌均匀，真空干燥使其含水量降低到35％～40％，再加入魔芋精粉15份，制成颗粒状，高温蒸汽灭菌20～40min后密封保存备用。
5.根据权利要求1～4所述功能剂是指多甲氧基黄酮、柠檬醋、大豆异黄酮、葛根素、绿原酸、木犀草素等功能性物质。
6.根据权利要求1～4所述高温蒸汽灭菌在115～121℃，优选在121℃。
7.根据权利要求1～4所述制备的产品可以直接用于保湿材料中，也可直接用于化妆品中保水材料方面的应用，也可以用于抑制各种病原菌医用材料中。
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