CN108743771A - 一种妇科调经片及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种妇科调经片及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108743771A CN108743771A CN201810723180.4A CN201810723180A CN108743771A CN 108743771 A CN108743771 A CN 108743771A CN 201810723180 A CN201810723180 A CN 201810723180A CN 108743771 A CN108743771 A CN 108743771A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种妇科调经片及其制备工艺,所述调经片由麸炒白术、醋延胡索、醋香附、当归、甘草、川芎、白芍、熟地黄、赤芍、红花、益母草、人参、大枣、莲子、山药、三七、枸杞、微晶纤维素、复合粘合剂、崩解剂和润滑剂制成,其中,复合粘合剂由比重为1.05的清膏、羟丙基纤维素和体积百分比为95%的乙醇组成。调经片的制备工艺为:部分药用组分超微粉碎得到极细粉、灭菌;部分药用组分采用水煮提取、高速离心、浓缩制备清膏和稠膏,清膏作为复合粘合剂的成分,稠膏与极细粉、微晶纤维素混合,加入复合粘合剂制颗粒,整粒、与其他辅料混合,压片,包衣得到产品。本发明制备的调经片光洁细腻、薄厚均匀,崩解快,用药剂量小,疗效好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,尤其涉及一种妇科调经片及其制备工艺。
背景技术
月经不调一种常见的妇科疾病,表现为月经周期或出血量的异常,或是月经前、经期时的腹痛及全身症状。病因可能是器质性病变或是功能失常,血液病、高血压病、肝病、内分泌病、流产、宫外孕、葡萄胎、生殖道感染、卵巢肿瘤、子宫肌瘤等均可引起月经失调。月经不调给妇女带来巨大的痛苦,容易在女性脸上产生大量暗疮色斑,容易引发妇科炎症,甚至导致不孕不育,严重威胁着女性的身体健康。为了达到防治目的,许多发明人及药品企业做了大量的研究,也提供了一些治疗的产品;如:妇科调经颗粒,但是,颗粒剂的服用量大,辅料用量多,易吸潮,产品质量不稳定。
妇科调经片养血,调经,止痛。用于月经不调,经期腹痛。市售妇科调经片由于处方和工艺原因,疗效不甚理想,制剂采用传统工艺制备,存在崩解迟缓、疗效低等不足。传统剂型的生物利用度、药物稳定性不理想,尤其是有效成分的生物利用度不高的问题急需解决;鉴于这些情况,改进工艺或处方组成就成了人们急需解决的事情。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种妇科调经片及其制备工艺,提高产品的活性成分含量,提高生物利用度,减小用药剂量,从而提高患者的依从性。
具体来说,针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
一种妇科调经片,由药用复合物和辅料制成,按重量份计,药用复合物包括:麸炒白术20-30份、醋延胡索30-40份、醋香附380-400份、当归140-150份、甘草10-20份、川芎10-20份、白芍10-20份、熟地黄40-50份、赤芍10-20份、红花8-20份、益母草8-20份、人参8-20份、大枣80-90份、莲子8-20份、山药8-20份、三七10-20份、枸杞5-10份,辅料包括:微晶纤维素20-40份、复合粘合剂45-80份、崩解剂40-70份、润滑剂15-45份,所述润滑剂为硬脂酸镁和/或微粉硅胶。
优选地,所述复合粘合剂由比重为1.05的清膏、羟丙基纤维素和体积百分比为95%的乙醇组成,其中,清膏是由以下方法制得:取处方量的醋香附、甘草、白芍、熟地黄、赤芍、红花、益母草、人参、大枣、莲子、山药和枸杞投入提取罐,加水煎煮提取2次,合并提取液,高速离心提取液,将离心液浓缩得到比重为1.05的清膏。
优选地,所述复合粘合剂中清膏、羟丙基纤维素和乙醇的比例为1g:0.3-0.5g:0.5-0.8mL。复合粘合剂中含有由药用组分制备得到的清膏,降低了粘合剂辅料的用量,提高每片药物中的活性成分含量,减小日用剂量。
优选地,所述崩解剂选自交联羧甲纤维素钠、交联羧甲淀粉钠和交联聚维酮中的一种或两种以上;所述辅料还包括吐温-80。本发明选用的崩解剂崩解性能强,而且吐温-80的加入,有助于崩解。
一种妇科调经片的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照重量份将麸炒白术、醋延胡索、当归、川芎和三七粉碎,过筛、灭菌,得到极细粉;(2)将原料:醋香附、甘草、白芍、熟地黄、赤芍、红花、益母草、人参、大枣、莲子、山药和枸杞投入提取罐,加水煎煮提取,得到提取液;(3)高速离心提取液,得到离心液,取25%离心液浓缩得到比重为1.05的清膏,剩余离心液浓缩得到比重为1.30-1.35的稠膏;(4)将步骤(3)的稠膏与步骤(1)的极细粉,以及微晶纤维素混合,倒入喷雾干燥制粒机内,使用供液泵喷入复合粘合剂,进行制粒;(5)对步骤(4)制得的颗粒过筛网整粒,然后与崩解剂、润滑剂混合,混合时间为30-40min;(6)对步骤(5)混合后的物料进行压片;(7)包衣。
优选地,步骤(1)中麸炒白术20-30份,醋延胡索30-40份,当归140-150份,川芎10-20份,三七10-20份,粉碎方法为超微粉碎,过200目筛;步骤(2)中醋香附380-400份,甘草10-20份,白芍10-20份,熟地黄40-50份,赤芍10-20份,红花8-20份,益母草8-20份,人参8-20份,大枣80-90份,莲子8-20份,山药8-20份,枸杞5-10份,加水煎煮提取2次。超微粉碎法的应用,使得药粉的粒径小,利于后续的混合,也利于产品中活性成分的释放。
优选地,加水煎煮提取2次的具体方法为:第一次加入提取罐内原料总量的10-12倍量的水,通蒸汽加热煎煮,自沸腾起开始计时煎煮2-3h,过滤;第二次加入提取罐内原料总量的8-9倍量的水,通蒸汽加热煎煮,自沸腾起开始计时煎煮1-2h,过滤;合并2次的滤液,即提取液。
优选地,步骤(4)中的复合粘合剂由步骤(3)制备的清膏,以及羟丙基纤维素和体积百分比为95%的乙醇组成,清膏、羟丙基纤维素和乙醇的比例为1g:0.3-0.5g:0.5-0.8mL;步骤(4)中倒入喷雾干燥制粒机内的物料中还混有吐温-80。
优选地,所述制备工艺还包括如下技术特征至少其中之一:
a.步骤(3)中清膏是通过双效浓缩器浓缩得到,稠膏是通过三效浓缩器浓缩得到,浓缩器工作的真空度在-0.04~-0.08MPa;
b.以重量份计,步骤(4)中加入微晶纤维素20-40份;
c.以重量份计,步骤(4)中加入复合粘合剂45-80份;
d.步骤(5)中的筛网为14目筛网。
优选地,步骤(5)中崩解剂用量为40-70份,润滑剂用量为15-45份,所述崩解剂选自交联羧甲纤维素钠、交联羧甲淀粉钠和交联聚维酮中的一种或两种以上,所述润滑剂为硬脂酸镁和/或微粉硅胶。
与现有技术相比,本发明的效果和益处在于:
(1)妇科调经片的药用复合物中含有各种具备补血活血、活血行气、养血敛阴、调经止痛等功效的成分,添加辅料后,制备得到的片剂崩解快,起效快。
(2)采用复合粘合剂,其中含有由药用组分制备得到的清膏,降低了粘合剂辅料的用量,提高每片药物中的活性成分含量,从而日用剂量更小。
(3)部分药用组分采用超微粉碎,得到的粉体粒径小而均匀,其他药用组分采用两次加水煎煮的方法提取,高速离心提取液可进一步除杂,提高活性成分的含量。
(4)采用喷雾干燥制粒机制备得到的颗粒均匀,有利用后续的整粒、混合及压片操作。
综上,本发明制备得到的妇科调经片厚薄均匀,光洁细腻,色泽均匀,硬度合适、崩解快,每片中的活性成分含量高,日用剂量更小,能提高患者的依从性。调经片的处方科学,有养血柔肝,补脾肺肾,理气调经,收涩止带的功效,对女性内分泌有很好的调节作用。
具体实施方式
本发明提供的妇科调经片包括药用复合物和辅料,按重量份计,药用复合物包括:麸炒白术20-30份、醋延胡索30-40份、醋香附380-400份、当归140-150份、甘草10-20份、川芎10-20份、白芍10-20份、熟地黄40-50份、赤芍10-20份、红花8-20份、益母草8-20份、人参8-20份、大枣80-90份、莲子8-20份、山药8-20份、三七10-20份、枸杞5-10份,辅料包括:微晶纤维素20-40份、复合粘合剂45-80份、崩解剂40-70份、润滑剂15-45份,其中,润滑剂为硬脂酸镁和/或微粉硅胶;崩解剂选自交联羧甲纤维素钠、交联羧甲淀粉钠和交联聚维酮中的一种或两种以上;复合粘合剂由通过部分药用成分制备得到的清膏、羟丙基纤维素和乙醇组成。
本发明还提供了妇科调经片的制备工艺,部分药用组分超微粉碎得到极细粉、灭菌备用;部分药用组分采用水煮提取、高速离心、浓缩制备清膏和稠膏,清膏作为复合粘合剂的成分,稠膏与粉碎得到的极细粉,以及微晶纤维素混合,加入复合粘合剂制颗粒,整粒、与其他辅料混合,压片,包衣得到产品。
在一优选实施方式中,制备调经片的辅料中还包括1-5份吐温-80;超微粉碎得到的极细粉的灭菌条件为105-110℃灭菌25-30min;高速离心机的转速为12000-14000r/min,离心15-20min。喷雾干燥制粒机的风机频率在30-40Hz,喷枪内压力在0.1-0.2MPa,喷枪外压在0.3-0.6MPa,供液泵喷入复合粘合剂,频率在6.0-10.0Hz,制得的颗粒水份在3-5%。压片采用的是旋转式压片机,转盘转速为25-32r/min,压片压力为10-15N。
本发明所述的妇科调经片外观好、崩解快、疗效好,日用剂量小,其中,
麸炒白术:有健脾益气,止渴生津之功效,治脾虚气弱,崩中漏下。
麸炒白术的制备方法包括但不限于,现将锅用中火烧热,撒入麦麸(每100斤白术,用10斤麦麸),待冒烟时,投入白术,翻炒至白术呈焦黄色,逸出焦香气,取出,筛去麦麸,放凉。
醋延胡索:有活血行气,止痛之功效,治疗血瘀气滞兼寒者最佳。
醋延胡素的制备方法包括但不限于,取延胡索与米醋按照重量比5:1拌匀,稍闷润,待醋被吸尽后,置炒制容器内,文火加热,炒干,取出晾凉。
醋香附:有舒肝理气,调经止痛之功效。
醋香附的制备方法包括但不限于,取香附与米醋按照重量比5:1拌匀,稍闷润,待醋被吸尽后,置炒制容器内,文火加热,炒干,取出晾凉。
当归:有补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便之功效,治血虚血瘀有寒之证。
甘草:有益气补中,祛痰止咳,解毒,缓急止痛,缓和药性之功效。
川芎:有活血行气,祛风止痛之功效,治血瘀气滞诸痛,兼寒者最宜。
白芍:有养血敛阴,柔肝止痛,平抑肝阳之功效;主治月经不调,痛经,崩漏,肝气不和之胸肋脘腹疼痛等症。
熟地黄:有养血滋阴,补精益髓之功效,主治血虚萎黄,眩晕,心悸,月经不调,精血亏虚的腰酸脚软等症。
赤芍:有清热凉血,祛瘀止痛之功效;主治血滞经闭、痛经,产后瘀阻之症。
红花:有活血通经,散瘀止痛之功效;有助于治疗痛经、瘀滞腹痛。
益母草:有活血,祛瘀,调经,消水的功效;治月经不调,瘀血腹痛,崩中漏下。
人参:有复脉固脱,补脾益肺,生津止渴,安神益智之功效。
大枣:有补中益气,养血安神,缓和药性之功效。
莲子:有补虚益损,止带,养心安神之功效。
山药:有益气养阴,补脾肺肾,固精止带之功效。
三七:有活血化瘀,止血散血定痛之功效。
枸杞:有滋阴补肾,生精益气之功效。
由上述可知,本发明提供的调经片的药用组方配伍科学,具有调经止痛,益卫固表,滋阴养血,补气升阳的功效。联合辅料,采用科学方法制备,得到的调经片外观光洁细腻,薄厚均匀,崩解快,起效快,用药剂量减小。临床试验也验证了本发明制备得到的调经片的功效。
下面以具体的实例来说明本发明。
本发明涉及到的原料、试剂和设备均为市售。
实施例1
妇科调经片的原料是由药用复合物和辅料制成,药用复合物的组成为麸炒白术23份、醋延胡索32份、醋香附400份、当归144份、甘草11份、川芎16份、白芍12份、熟地黄48份、赤芍12份、红花8份、益母草8份、人参8份、大枣80份、莲子8份、山药8份、三七10份、枸杞5份,辅料为微晶纤维素20份,复合粘合剂45份,交联羧甲淀粉钠40份和硬脂酸镁15份。
复合粘合剂中清膏、羟丙基纤维素及95%的乙醇的比例为1g:0.3g:0.5mL。
调经片的制备工艺步骤如下:
(1)采用超微粉碎法将前述重量份的麸炒白术、醋延胡索、当归、川芎和三七粉碎,过200目筛,将得到的极细粉均匀铺入托盘中,置于灭菌柜内,在105℃条件下灭菌30min,备用。
(2)按照前述重量份将醋香附、甘草、白芍、熟地黄、赤芍、红花、益母草、人参、大枣、莲子、山药和枸杞投入提取罐,加水煎煮提取2次,第一次加入罐内原料总量的10倍量水,通蒸汽加热煎煮,自沸腾起开始计时煎煮3h,过滤;第二次加入提取罐内原料总量的8量倍的水,通蒸汽加热煎煮,自沸腾起开始计时煎煮2h,过滤,合并2次的滤液,即提取液。
(3)采用高速管式离心机离心提取液,转速为12000r/min,离心20min后,收集离心液。取25%的离心液,置于双效浓缩器(型号SN1000)内,真空度为-0.04MPa,浓缩得到比重为1.05的清膏,清膏用于制备复合粘合剂。将剩余75%的离心液置于三效浓缩器内,真空度为-0.05MPa,浓缩得到比重为1.30的稠膏。
(4)将稠膏和前述备用的极细粉,以及20份微晶纤维素置于混合机内,在30r/min条件下,混合40min,得到混合粉。将混合粉倒入喷雾干燥制粒机内,开启风机,调节风机频率30Hz,进风温度设定60℃,预沸腾约5min,使得物料温度达到35℃,开启喷雾,调节喷枪内压0.1Mpa,喷枪外压0.3Mpa。同时,采用供液泵往喷雾干燥制粒机内喷入复合粘合剂,供液泵的频率为8Hz。复合粘合剂与喷雾干燥制粒机产生的物料喷雾接触,形成颗粒。制粒过程,随着颗粒成型,应适当提高风机和供液泵的频率,风机频率可提高到40Hz,供液泵频率可提高到10Hz。整个制粒过程,严格监控进风温度和物料温度,制得的颗粒水份控制在3.0%,制粒完成后,物料温度在42-45℃,停机。
(5)用14目不锈钢筛网对制备好的颗粒进行整粒,然后加入40份交联羧甲淀粉钠和15份硬脂酸镁,在混合机内混合30min,混合机的转速为15r/min。
(6)压片:采用EP-35旋转式压片机进行压片,用直径9.0mm的浅凹型冲模,先试压,合格后正式压片。压片机转盘转速为25r/min,压片压力为10N。片重0.335g,片重差异在±4.5%,每15分钟检查10片药片的平均片重,适时调整。整个压片过程中不出现裂片,花斑,麻面,粘冲,异物,缺角,松片等情况,制得的素片为棕色或黑棕色片,薄厚均匀、光洁细腻、色泽均匀。
(7)包衣:将素片(药片)置于高效智能包衣锅内,转速2r/min,开启进风,加热,将药片预热约3-5min,控制包衣锅内温度在40℃左右。采用醇溶型薄膜包衣粉为包衣剂,开启包衣,包至药片外观光洁,厚度均匀为准。包衣结束关闭加热,将包衣片吹凉,装桶密闭保存或置洁净塑料袋内封口保存。包衣片即妇科调经片,外观为红色,表面光洁细腻。
实施例2
妇科调经片的原料是由药用复合物和辅料制成,药用复合物的组成为麸炒白术20份、醋延胡索30份、醋香附380份、当归140份、甘草10份、川芎10份、白芍10份、熟地黄40份、赤芍10份、红花15份、益母草10份、人参15份、大枣85份、莲子15份、山药10份、三七15份、枸杞7份,辅料为微晶纤维素30份,复合粘合剂60份,交联羧甲纤维素钠50份和微粉硅胶30份。
复合粘合剂中清膏、羟丙基纤维素及95%的乙醇的比例为1g:0.4g:0.6mL。
调经片的制备工艺步骤如下:
(1)采用超微粉碎法将前述重量份的麸炒白术、醋延胡索、当归、川芎和三七粉碎,过200目筛,将得到的极细粉均匀铺入托盘中,置于灭菌柜内,在110℃条件下灭菌25min,备用。
(2)按照前述重量份将醋香附、甘草、白芍、熟地黄、赤芍、红花、益母草、人参、大枣、莲子、山药和枸杞投入提取罐,加水煎煮提取2次,第一次加入罐内原料总量的12倍量水,通蒸汽加热煎煮,自沸腾起开始计时煎煮2h,过滤;第二次加入提取罐内原料总量的9量倍的水,通蒸汽加热煎煮,自沸腾起开始计时煎煮1h,过滤,合并2次的滤液,即提取液。
(3)采用高速管式离心机离心提取液,转速为14000r/min,离心15min后,收集离心液。取25%的离心液,置于双效浓缩器(型号SN1000)内,真空度为-0.06MPa,浓缩得到比重为1.05的清膏,清膏用于制备复合粘合剂。将剩余75%的离心液置于三效浓缩器内,真空度为-0.08MPa,浓缩得到比重为1.35的稠膏。
(4)将稠膏和前述备用的极细粉,以及30份微晶纤维素置于混合机内,在40r/min条件下,混合30min,得到混合粉。将混合粉倒入喷雾干燥制粒机内,开启风机,调节风机频率35Hz,进风温度设定60℃,预沸腾约5min,使得物料温度达到30℃,开启喷雾,调节喷枪内压0.2Mpa,喷枪外压0.6Mpa。同时,采用供液泵往喷雾干燥制粒机内喷入复合粘合剂,供液泵的频率为6Hz。复合粘合剂与喷雾干燥制粒机产生的物料喷雾接触,形成颗粒。制粒过程,随着颗粒成型,应适当提高风机和供液泵的频率,风机频率可提高到40Hz,供液泵频率可提高到10Hz。整个制粒过程,严格监控进风温度和物料温度,制得的颗粒水份在4.0%,制粒完成后,物料温度在42-45℃,停机。
(5)用14目不锈钢筛网对制备好的颗粒进行整粒,然后加入50份交联羧甲纤维素钠和30份微粉硅胶,在混合机内混合40min,混合机的转速为10r/min。
(6)压片:与实施例1中压片操作的不同仅在于,压片机转盘转速为32r/min,压片压力为15N。整个压片过程中不出现裂片,花斑,麻面,粘冲,异物,缺角,松片等情况,片重差异在±4.7%,制得的素片为棕色或黑棕色片,薄厚均匀、光洁细腻、色泽均匀。
(7)包衣:同实施例1,区别在于包衣锅的转速为4r/min,得到的包衣片即妇科调经片,外观为红色,表面光洁细腻,色泽均匀。
实施例3
妇科调经片的原料是由药用复合物和辅料制成,药用复合物的组成为麸炒白术30份、醋延胡索40份、醋香附400份、当归150份、甘草20份、川芎20份、白芍20份、熟地黄50份、赤芍20份、红花20份、益母草20份、人参20份、大枣90份、莲子20份、山药20份、三七20份、枸杞10份,辅料为微晶纤维素40份,复合粘合剂80份,交联羧甲纤维素钠30份,交联聚维酮40份,硬脂酸镁20份和微粉硅胶25份。
复合粘合剂中清膏、羟丙基纤维素及95%的乙醇的比例为1g:0.5g:0.8mL。
本实施例所述调经片的制备工艺步骤与实施例1的区别仅在于各原料的用量不同,整粒后,采用交联羧甲纤维素钠和交联聚维酮为崩解剂,硬脂酸镁和微粉硅胶为润滑剂。其余操作方法同实施例1。
本实施例制备得到的素片为棕色或黑棕色片,薄厚均匀、光洁细腻、色泽均匀。包衣后得到的调经片为红色,表面光洁细腻,色泽均匀。
实施例4
本实施例与实施例1的原料区别在于,辅料中还包括1份吐温-80。
调经片的制备工艺与实施例1的区别在于,步骤(4)混合机内物料中还加入了1份吐温-80,混合后,倒入喷雾干燥制粒机内制粒。
其余,同实施例1。
实施例5
本实施例与实施例1的原料区别在于,辅料中还包括5份吐温-80。
调经片的制备工艺与实施例1的区别在于,步骤(4)混合机内物料中还加入了5份吐温-80,混合后,倒入喷雾干燥制粒机内制粒。
其余,同实施例1。
对比例1
妇科调经片的原料与实施例1的区别在于,采用浓度为10%的淀粉浆作粘合剂。
调经片的制备工艺步骤如下:
(1)将前述重量份的麸炒白术、醋延胡索、当归、川芎和三七粉碎,过100目筛,得到细粉,灭菌备用。
(2)按照前述重量份将醋香附、甘草、白芍、熟地黄、赤芍、红花、益母草、人参、大枣、莲子、山药和枸杞投入提取罐,加水煎煮提取2次,第一次加入罐内原料总量的6倍量水,通蒸汽加热煎煮,自沸腾起开始计时煎煮3h,过滤;第二次加入提取罐内原料总量的5量倍的水,通蒸汽加热煎煮,自沸腾起开始计时煎煮2h,过滤,合并2次的滤液,即提取液。
(3)浓缩提取液,得到比重为1.30的稠膏。
(4)将稠膏和细粉,以及微晶纤维素、淀粉浆、交联羧甲淀粉钠和硬脂酸镁混合,压片,得到调经片素片。
(5)取质量合格的素片进行包衣,得到调经片。
本对比例压片过程中出现裂片、粘冲、缺角等问题,得到的素片存在薄厚不均,表面不平整,有花斑的现象。
对比例2
本对比例与对比例1的区别在于,制备工艺步骤(3)为:先采用高速管式离心机离心提取液,然后浓缩离心液,得到比重为1.30的稠膏。
其余同对比例1。
本对比例压片过程中也出现裂片、粘冲、缺角等问题,得到的素片存在薄厚不均,表面不平整现象。
对比例3
本对比例与对比例1的区别在于,制备工艺步骤(4)为:先将稠膏、细粉和微晶纤维素,以及淀粉浆混合,采用制粒机制颗粒,干燥后,再加入交联羧甲淀粉钠和硬脂酸镁,混合,压片,得到调经片素片。
其余同对比例1。
本对比例压片过程中出现裂片和粘冲的概率相比对比例1和对比例2更小,得到的素片中薄厚不均,表面不平整,有花斑的药片也更少。
对比例4
妇科调经片的原料与实施例1的区别在于,采用10%淀粉浆作粘合剂。
调经片的制备工艺与实施例1的区别在于:步骤(3)中高速离心提取液后,所有的离心液浓缩成比重1.30的稠膏;步骤(4)中供液泵喷入的粘合剂为10%淀粉浆。其余同实施例1。
对比例5
妇科调经片的原料与实施例1相同,但制备工艺步骤与实施例1相比,存在以下区别:
(1)采用普通的粉碎方法,粉碎后,过100目筛,得到细粉。
(2)加水煎煮提取3次,每次的加水量为提取罐内原料总量的6倍,煎煮时间为1-2h。
(3)离心提取液时,离心机的转速为800r/min,离心20min;浓缩器工作时的真空度为-0.02MPa。
其余同实施例1。
对比例6
妇科调经片的原料与实施例2相同,制备工艺步骤与实施例2的区别在于:
步骤(4):稠膏和前述备用的极细粉,以及30份微晶纤维素置于混合机内,在15r/min条件下,混合30min,得到混合粉。喷雾干燥制粒机的风机频率为25Hz,喷枪内压力0.3MPa,喷枪外压力0.4MPa,供液泵的频率为5Hz。步骤(6)压片机的压片压力为10N。
其余同实施例2。
本对比例在喷雾干燥制粒过程制得的颗粒不均匀,制粒时间长;压片过程出现粘冲、松片等情况,得到的素片薄厚不均,表明不平整,色泽也不均匀。
测试例1
采用中国药典中的片剂质量检查方法,检测前述制备的素片或包衣片的硬度、崩解时间,检测结果见表1。表1中还列出了制备得到的片剂的外观性状。
从表1中的数据可以看到,实施例1-5制得的素片外观好,硬度适中,崩解时间都在36分钟以内;素片包衣后,表面光洁细腻、色泽均匀,崩解时间在43分钟内。其中,实施例4和实施例5(辅料中含有吐温-80)的崩解时间较实施例1-3更短。对比例1(淀粉浆为粘合剂,工艺不同于本发明)制得的素片存在薄厚不均、表面不平整和有花斑的现象,硬度大,崩解时间长,包衣后的产品明显色泽不均。对比例2(高速离心提取液,但是没有先制颗粒)和对比例3(先制颗粒,但没有离心提取液)制得的素片中存在薄厚不均、表面不平整的现象,硬度略大,崩解时间长,产品合格率低于实施例1-5。对比例4(10%淀粉浆作粘合剂)和对比例5(普通粉碎、水提3次、普通离心)制得的素片和包衣片的外观、硬度和崩解时间均与实施例1相近,对比例6(喷雾干燥制粒机的参数超范围)制得的素片硬度过低,容易破碎。综上,本发明提供的工艺中复合粘合剂、高速离心提取液、喷雾干燥制颗粒以及压片参数等均会影响产品的外观、硬度和崩解时间。
表1.
测试例2
观察实施例1、实施例5、对比例4和对比例5制备的调经片以及市售妇科调经片(0.31g/片,株洲千金药业股份有限公司)的临床疗效。本发明制备的调经片规格为0.34g/片。
1.病例选择
临床上,月经不调表现为月经周期或出血量的紊乱。一次月经血量少于10毫升或少到连两层纸都湿不透,属于月经稀少;多次月经周期改变7天以上者,属于月经周期改变;连续数个月经周期中月经期出血量多,但月经间隔时间及出血时间皆规则,属于月经过多;经期前后不定表现为月经周期和行经期均不确定,行经腹痛表现为下腹剧烈疼痛、腰酸、甚至恶心、呕吐。
以上症状者均作为病例选择的对象。
2.诊断标准
主症:月经不调、经期前后不定、行经腹痛;次症:血虚萎黄、眩晕、心悸、腰酸脚软、头晕。具备2项主症,3项次症,即可诊断为此病。
排除标准:高血压、糖尿病、肾病等慢性病严重者;合并心、脑、肝、肾和造血系统等严重原发性病症,精神病患者;过敏性体质和对多种药物过敏者。
3.治疗方案
对于本发明提供的调经片,受试者每日服3次,每次服2片;市售妇科调经片的用法用量为每天4次,每次4片;一个月为一个疗程,服用一疗程后进行疗效检查。实施例1、实施例5、对比例4和对比例5制备的调经片分别对应A组、B组、C组、和D组。
4.证候疗效评定标准
1)痊愈:症状、体征消失或基本消失,证候积分减少≥95%。
2)显效:症状、体征明显改善,证候积分减少≥70%。
3)有效:症状、体征均有好转,证候积分减少≥30%。
4)无效:症状、体征均无明显改善,甚或加重,证候积分减少不足30%。
计算公式(尼莫地平法)为:【(治病前积分-治疗后积分)÷治病前积分】×100%
5.统计处理
对458名入选的受试者进行对比治疗,随机分成五组,A组90人,B组94人,C组93人,D组91人,市售调经片组90人。按照治疗方案用药一个月后检查,疗效结果统计见表2。
表2.
从表2可知,A组(实施例1)和B组(实施例5)调经片的疗效优于C组(对比例4)和D组(对比例5)。治疗过程中,均未见毒副作用,半年后走访,未见复发。A组(实施例1)和B组(实施例5)调经片的疗效与市售调经片的疗效接近,但是市售妇科调经片的用法用量为:每天4次,每次4片;而本发明制备的调经片只需要每天3次,每次2片,在保证疗效的基础上大大地减小了用药剂量。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种妇科调经片,其特征在于,由药用复合物和辅料制成,按重量份计,药用复合物包括:麸炒白术20-30份、醋延胡索30-40份、醋香附380-400份、当归140-150份、甘草10-20份、川芎10-20份、白芍10-20份、熟地黄40-50份、赤芍10-20份、红花8-20份、益母草8-20份、人参8-20份、大枣80-90份、莲子8-20份、山药8-20份、三七10-20份、枸杞5-10份,辅料包括:微晶纤维素20-40份、复合粘合剂45-80份、崩解剂40-70份、润滑剂15-45份,所述润滑剂为硬脂酸镁和/或微粉硅胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的妇科调经片,其特征在于,所述复合粘合剂由比重为1.05的清膏、羟丙基纤维素和体积百分比为95%的乙醇组成,其中,清膏是由以下方法制得:取处方量的醋香附、甘草、白芍、熟地黄、赤芍、红花、益母草、人参、大枣、莲子、山药和枸杞投入提取罐,加水煎煮提取2次,合并提取液,高速离心提取液,将离心液浓缩得到比重为1.05的清膏。
3.根据权利要求2所述的妇科调经片,其特征在于,所述复合粘合剂中清膏、羟丙基纤维素和乙醇的比例为1g:0.3-0.5g:0.5-0.8mL。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的妇科调经片,其特征在于,所述崩解剂选自交联羧甲纤维素钠、交联羧甲淀粉钠和交联聚维酮中的一种或两种以上;所述辅料还包括吐温-80。
5.一种妇科调经片的制备工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照重量份将麸炒白术、醋延胡索、当归、川芎和三七粉碎,过筛、灭菌,得到极细粉;(2)将原料:醋香附、甘草、白芍、熟地黄、赤芍、红花、益母草、人参、大枣、莲子、山药和枸杞投入提取罐,加水煎煮提取,得到提取液;(3)高速离心提取液,得到离心液,取25%离心液浓缩得到比重为1.05的清膏,剩余离心液浓缩得到比重为1.30-1.35的稠膏;(4)将步骤(3)的稠膏与步骤(1)的极细粉,以及微晶纤维素混合,倒入喷雾干燥制粒机内,使用供液泵喷入复合粘合剂,进行制粒;(5)对步骤(4)制得的颗粒过筛网整粒,然后与崩解剂、润滑剂混合,混合时间为30-40min;(6)对步骤(5)混合后的物料进行压片;(7)包衣。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,步骤(1)中麸炒白术20-30份,醋延胡索30-40份,当归140-150份,川芎10-20份,三七10-20份,粉碎方法为超微粉碎,过200目筛;步骤(2)中醋香附380-400份,甘草10-20份,白芍10-20份,熟地黄40-50份,赤芍10-20份,红花8-20份,益母草8-20份,人参8-20份,大枣80-90份,莲子8-20份,山药8-20份,枸杞5-10份,加水煎煮提取2次。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,加水煎煮提取2次的具体方法为:第一次加入提取罐内原料总量的10-12倍量的水,通蒸汽加热煎煮,自沸腾起开始计时煎煮2-3h,过滤;第二次加入提取罐内原料总量的8-9倍量的水,通蒸汽加热煎煮,自沸腾起开始计时煎煮1-2h,过滤;合并2次的滤液,即提取液。
8.根据权利要求5所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,步骤(4)中的复合粘合剂由步骤(3)制备的清膏,以及羟丙基纤维素和体积百分比为95%的乙醇组成,清膏、羟丙基纤维素和乙醇的比例为1g:0.3-0.5g:0.5-0.8mL;步骤(4)中倒入喷雾干燥制粒机内的物料中还混有吐温-80。
9.根据权利要求5所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,包括如下技术特征至少其中之一:
a.步骤(3)中清膏是通过双效浓缩器浓缩得到,稠膏是通过三效浓缩器浓缩得到,浓缩器工作的真空度在-0.04~-0.08MPa;
b.以重量份计,步骤(4)中加入微晶纤维素20-40份;
c.以重量份计,步骤(4)中加入复合粘合剂45-80份;
d.步骤(5)中的筛网为14目筛网。
10.根据权利要求5-9任一项所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,步骤(5)中崩解剂用量为40-70份,润滑剂用量为15-45份,所述崩解剂选自交联羧甲纤维素钠、交联羧甲淀粉钠和交联聚维酮中的一种或两种以上,所述润滑剂为硬脂酸镁和/或微粉硅胶。
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