CN108650920A - A kind of mountain of suitable arable farming insect prevention column mist of taking shelter from rain ploughs method - Google Patents
A kind of mountain of suitable arable farming insect prevention column mist of taking shelter from rain ploughs method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
A kind of mountain of suitable arable farming of disclosure of the invention insect prevention column mist of taking shelter from rain ploughs method, belongs to three-dimensional soilless culture field.This method is taken shelter from rain using vertical cultivated cylinder, overhead guard waterproof, fly net encloses and hangs the cultivated combination technology of mist for keeping away worm and nutrient solution zero-emission, it realizes and is suitble to the changeable mountainous region of landform, high-efficient solid, water-savingization, Labor-saving, zero-emission and the safety in production of crop vegetables and fruits under the bare places environment such as water shortage arid hillside fields, overgrown with weeds waste mountain area terraced fields；A pollution-free and ecological nursing sustainable development path is opened for the vegetables and fruits crop industry development in mountainous region, hillside fields, forest land, desert.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mountain farming farming technique fields.It is related to a kind of three-dimensional mist training methods of cultivation of no matrix, adopts
With taking shelter from rain, insect prevention column mist trains pattern, realizes that the Labor-saving of mountain farming exempts from pesticide producing, and it is big to solve current mountainous region farming recruitment,
Difficulty is built in greenhouse, and rich water is lost in the realistic problem that environmental pollution is serious, and ecological disruption aggravates, while also substantially increasing unit
The space availability ratio of area realizes the efficient Labor-saving production of vegetables and fruits.
Background technology
It is produced using the natural conditions developing agricultural of mountain climate resource and ecological diversity, is always that hill farmer is shaken off poverty
It gets rich and develops the important means of local industries.The vegetables and fruits of mountain planting because the big illumination of the temperature difference is sufficient, better than Plain plant, and is by quality
The main reason for some regional mountain vegetables brands walk pin market.But since mountainous region farming is big etc. there are topographic irregularity or the gradient
Problem, management recruitment is big, and physical labor intensity is big.In addition, hillside field tillage severe water and soil erosion, soil improvement is of high cost, some
The ground of barren soil can not carry out agricultural production, so the terraced fields that the current many mountain areas in China are opened up wasteland in one's early years are all in uncultivated shape
State.As labor cost is higher and higher and young man is reluctant to be engaged in the actual conditions of farm work, it is necessary to solve mountain farming farming
Above-mentioned problems, allow the advantage of hill-land resource to continue to be played, allow mountain farming farming become high repayment industry.
Although mountain farming, there are above-mentioned advantage, excessive exploitation can aggravate soil erosion and an area ecology not
It destroys, so many recent years, which come into effect conceding the land to forestry, repairs ecology again.Contradiction also one between this production and ecology
Straight puzzlement and the development for hindering mountain farming.Serious problems are lost in water mountainous region farming rich water, agricultural sector releases rich water instantly
Pour drip irrigation technique with pipeline with filling, had been achieved on the basis of original largely section fertilizer with it is water-saving, in fruit tree irrigation,
Also area uses advanced deficit irrigation technology to realize water-saving irrigation.Because most mountainous region is all by the limit of water resources shortage
System, and the main reason for many areas can not carry out mountainous exploration exploitation, northwest desert and the loess such as China's large area are high
Slope, although the illumination abundance temperature difference is with the obvious advantage, water resource becomes the important bottleneck of this area's development mountain farming.
Facility cultivation technique without soil is a water-saving fertilizer-saving labour-saving Modern New technology, but is limited to plane at present
Production in chamber facility, the matrix training such as promoted in recent years and water planting, it has also become the demonstrative project of many Agricultural Parks.These facilities
With technology, although having, larger labourer saves and yield and quality advantage, investment greatly, are not suitable for mountainous region facility construction and mesh
Preceding the main reason for not promoted and applied.
First, the irregular gradient of mountain topography is big or fluctuations are big, building for the linear greenhouse of current strip can not be adapted to
It makes, second is that above-mentioned refer to that matrix training or water planting are larger in mountain environment construction difficulty, utilization rate is not also high.In recent years, agricultural sector
It is proposed facility go up a hill, also there are many mountain vegetables production base start using arch greenhouse as easy chamber facility construction in
Mountainous region terraced fields, but it is eventually irregular because of landform, it is difficult to realize the standardization of mountainous region greenhouse construction.In the world, Hispanic
A Ermei Leahs area utilizes the Greenhouse of construction of sloping fields large area, using large span laminated structure, becomes maximum in the world
Greenhouse group, be the classical case of slope utilization, but also just for the application on gentle slope ground, more precipitous hillside fields or uncultivated bare place
Also it can not utilize.
In addition, ploughing technology as most water-saving mist, it supplies crop rich water by the way of nutrient solution cycle spraying, realizes
The complete utilization of zero-emission ne-leakage, is that important technology efficiently without native farming is realized in the few water area of arid, but so far
The greenhouse for being limited to plains region utilizes.
Uncultivated rate is very high at present for mountain area terraced fields, also some gradients mountainous region unserviceable greatly and forest land, it may be said that mountain
Ground resource is boundless.And China's cultivated area only has 18.51 hundred million mu, per capita cultivated land only has 1.43 mu, less than world's water per capita
Flat 40%, over nearly 7 years, 100,000,000 mu of national the decrease of cultivated land, wherein more than 1,300 ten thousand mu are the excellent farmlands for having irrigating facility.
Be exactly cultivated land resource increasingly reduce population increase between contradiction become increasingly conspicuous.And hill-land resource China is extremely abundant, accounts for complete
The 37% of state's gross area.To be the endless resource of block if arable land can be used as to carry out scientific utilization.
The new theory " farming specialty cultivating system " that modern agriculture proposes, this is that last century FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) proposes
Judgement, is exactly the Ecological Road that the future of agriculture will walk farming and forestry laminating production, this provides theory for the development of mountain farming
With policy support.How agricultural is realized incorporates mountainous region and woodland ecosystems under the premise of not destroying ecology, will be in realization
Review disconnected key and point of penetration.
Invention content
Purpose of the present invention is to be directed to above-mentioned bottleneck and problem existing for current mountain farming, provide it is a kind of do not destroy mountainous region with
Forestry ecology, and can realize that three-dimensional high efficiency Labor-saving exempts from the novel farming technique of pesticide producing, meanwhile, and with wide
General adaptability and practicability is suitble to vast hill farmer to carry out the large-scale development of vegetables and fruits industry.
The technical scheme is that a kind of mountain of suitable arable farming is taken shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method include with
Lower step：
A take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough be to be invented based on following starting point, it then follows zero-emission recycle recovery reaches environment
Save effect from damage；Mist, which ploughs cultivating system, has locking cyclicity and independence, solves the problems, such as that farming does not destroy ecology and environment；
Column mist is ploughed to pass to solve to mountainous region skin table without destruction without operations such as site preparation weeding fertilizer irrigations from the production of native metaplasia
The soil erosion problem of system agro-farming；Column mist ploughs pattern, and cylinder pedestal takes up little area and space availability ratio is big, solves hillside fields or ground
The changeful mountainous region facility of shape can not base oneself upon problem, while also substantially increase farming surface area, and space is allowed to be able to maximize profit
With；The column of barren and bare place is reconstructed the diversity of mountainous region species and ecology, plays good ecology using production
Environment remediation improved effect realizes that the interaction of farming specialty farming is won altogether；Mountain environment carries out vegetables and fruits production, using taking shelter from rain and prevent
Worm measure realizes few pesticide or exempts from pesticide producing, is the main problem for solving farming pollution and safety.
B is measured and is designed to the mountainous region of implementation, and draws contour map and CAD construction drawings, including cultivation column arrangement
Mode, nutrient solution are for the layout of Drainage pipe, nutrition liquid pool construction scale position, control room construction etc., and calculating need to
Purchase the quantity specifications model of material installation.
C is directed to the difference of mountainous exploration object, carries out the setting-out fixed point and alignment placement of column, if being originally terraced fields,
The fixed point that 3X3 meters of spacing can be carried out using tread must carry out the measurement of contour if it is hillside fields, then by the contour measured
Figure carries out fixed point layout；When layouting if it is forest land, the trunk root root and stem of certain plants of primary forest is avoided.It carries out standing at fixed point after fixed point
The arrangement of base for post need to only clear up weeds at fixed point, if being originally uncultivated terraced fields if it is precipitous fixed point
Place, can not support post, can make fish scale ditch formula flat base plot；If it is rock slope, cement can be acted on and build urniform base
Seat.
D carries out processing and the number of material according to the drawing size of cultivation column；Select 20# or 25# galvanizings tubing as
Column building material is cultivated, is processed according to the design-calculated bill of materials using punching machine, length of material control errors are in 0.5-1
Millimeter range, in terms of the hole middle-range of material.
E carries out the assembly of cultivation column according to cultivation post design figure, and assembly method is installed by the way of screw rod fastening, installed
Order overhead guard from top fastens installation gradually as starting point by overhead guard cylinder and pedestal；Complete tool take shelter from rain overhead, cultivation cylinder,
The mist cultivation unit of insect prevention purse seine, built-in atomizing；It is per unit resemblance, has 1.2 meters of diameter, high 3 meters of hexahedron kind
Column is planted, capital extends a diameter of 2.2 meters of hexahedron and takes shelter from rain overhead guard, and overhead all around hangs the cultivating facility of fly net.
After f installs cylinder, carries out cylinder and fix, what cylinder was fixed with steelframe pedestal beats anchor fixation or steelframe base
Seat cast concrete fixation, it is also possible to which all earth surface of side slope soil carries out embedded fixation of earthing up；And often cultivate unit liquid supply pipe and
Return duct is respectively connected to feed flow side pipe and reflux side pipe.
G nutrition liquid pool construction, nutrition liquid pool are built in hillside fields lowest point, facilitate reflux, larger for area, hillside fields elevation compared with
Big base, can build multistage nutrition liquid pool at different hillside fields elevations, and usual depth displacement builds Primary vegetative liquid per 30-50 meters
Pond；Nutrition liquid pool is built as underground type, facilitates reflux to be also beneficial to nutrient solution liquid temperature and stablizes relatively；Nutrition liquid pool size is big because of area
Depending on small, nothing is clearly stipulate that but usually with 20 cubic metres of standard working-outs per acre.
The installation of h nutrient solution liquid-supplying systems, column mist are ploughed technology and are sprayed to the crops such as vegetables and fruits in a manner of nutrient liquid atomizing
Root system, atomizing power generate use water pump pressure method, so nutrient solution feed flow be responsible for access power water pump；In feed flow
Filter, strong magnetic processor, nutrient solution sterilizer to be also installed successively, wherein filter primarily serves in filtering nutrient solution on supervisor
Impurity acts on, and with the physical clogging of preventing spray head, strong magnetic processor is to prevent chemicrystallization from blocking, and nutrient solution sterilizer is for supporting
The sterilizing disease prevention of liquid；Nutrient solution is sprayed onto root system by supervisor-side pipe-branch pipe-hollow billet-nozzle atomization and forms nutrient solution supply system.
The installation of i nutrient solution reflux lines, the nutrient solution that column mist ploughs technology is reflux locking cycle, without outer discharge, this
And its pollution-free important feature for not destroying ecology；Return-flow system, by the return port of cultivation base for post, reflux branch pipe, reflux
Side pipe, return main multi-stage pipeline composition；Grenadine is set at the end refluxing opening of return main to filter the root system undesirable root of reflux, really
Protect the relative clean of reflux nutrient solution；The laying of return-flow system side pipe, that cultivates the contour layout of column in this way can make transversely arranged system
The return main that one access is longitudinally laid is lateral access method；If topography variation is big, cultivation column is layouted random, then is flowed back
Side pipe is laid using longitudinal, is uniformly accessed into the return main of landscape layout, is longitudinal access method.
The installation of j control systems, control system major function are the interval and spray time of control starting mode of pump spraying,
The signal that its interval length is received with the starting mode of pump time by sensor remakes intelligent decision, to ensure the vegetables and fruits crop fertilizer of cultivation
Water is in liberal supply without dehydration, and sensor has optical sensor, air themperature and solution temperature sensor, blade moisture film sensing
Device, water level sensor composition；Sensor receives signal and is converted into electric signal via transmission circuit, then by main frame intelligence mould
Block processing, output execute signal, and execution part is made of forceful electric power and relevant electrical equipment, form a complete control system
System.
The preparation of k nutrient solutions, cultivation system are all installed with control system and can be put into production, hardware facilities construction
After, key technology is the selection of nutrient solution prescription and calculates to prepare；If the kind that column mist cultivates plant is single
Certain kind can select proprietary formula, make vegetables and fruits crop mixed planting if it is each, then use general formulation；The formula of production
Calculating is had to pass through, is exactly that calcium ions and magnesium ions deduction contained in raw water quality can just be allotted symbol on the basis of theory is formulated
The factory formula that symphysis length requires, so before factory formula is formulated and is prepared, it is necessary to the calibrating for carrying out raw water quality, to count
It is deducted when calculation, obtains the factory formula of standard；After calculating factory formula, preparation method and conventional soilless culture same operation.
L vegetables and fruits crop seedling and transplant planting management, the training of column mist is different from conventional soil cultivation, and nursery field planting management is received
It obtains operation to simplify, management process reduces 70% field management recruitment without work such as site preparation weeding fertilising fillings；Leaf vegetables production is only
Need culturing and transplanting seedlings to harvest, melon and fruit management, which increases to prune, ties up the tree bodies management such as climing, is rejected substantially with the relevant cultivation management of soil；
Nursery generally uses sponge block nursery, and seed is sowed in sponge block cross crotch, is moved together with sponge block root ball after watering emergence
Field planting hole is implanted into fix；Usual two leaf of leaf vegetables is wholeheartedly transplanted to field planting hole, the seedling age standard of melon and fruit class then 3-5 true leaves
When transplant；Can also manually substrate seedling, seed broadcasting with institute on clear water rinsing root system after soilless substrate, seedling of emerging
It transplant planting hole and is fixed with sponge block after the matrix being stained with；Growth course management, leaf vegetables only need interim supplying nutrition
Liquid, melon and fruit class carry out whole climing and management of bearing fruit according to the growth characteristics of different melons and fruits.
M pest managements, mountainous region column insect prevention mist of taking shelter from rain plough facility, and the overhead guard of facility plays the role of taking shelter from rain, reduction
Rainwater propagates the approach of disease, and the fly net that surrounding vertically encloses extension blocks the invasion of insect pest, may be implemented to exempt from pesticide substantially
Production；But such as there is a small amount of pest and disease damage, artificial capture method may be used or extracts disease pest branches and leaves, because relatively independent per column,
The mutual propagation between cylinder is decreased, it is mutual to enclose barrier propagation comparatively fast without partition unlike the production of conventional greenhouse, so
The training of column mist had both made certain plant infection pest and disease damages that will not lead to uncontrollable sprawling；Electricity Functional Water may be used for disease
Stage protection and a kind of physical control method, it is ensured that produce the complete vegetables and fruits for exempting from pesticide.
N variety selections, the training of column mist are novel mist culture method, with the training production of conventional mist, are almost suitble to all melons
Fruit vegetable, crops or even flowers medicinal herbs etc., but as the insect prevention facility of taking shelter from rain of summary, its heat insulating ability and ordinary greenhouse
Compared to slightly worse, it is proposed that when variety selection, still follow the suitable principle planted of suitable season；It, can be to nutrition if realizing anti-season production
Liquid carries out heating or refrigeration intervention, and the fly net for enclosing extension is changed into film covering then at dead season, can also realize the Inverse season for culturing.
Present invention has the advantages that
1 realizes the crop productions such as the vegetables and fruits under the mountain topographies such as barren hill, terraced fields, forest land and weather conditions, is especially non-
On the ecological non-destructive in arable land develops and uses, the training of column mist plays agricultural foison, restoration of the ecosystem, environmental-friendly effect,
It solves arable land and increasingly reduces the contradictory problems that population constantly increases agricultural product supply.
The training of 2 column mists makes full use of space, and the plantation surface area of 2 times or more is improved with plane farming, is space utilization
Type agro-farming technology at least improves nearly 3 times of farming efficiency than conventional tillage, that is to say, that and it is 3 times of conventional production yields or more,
Because gain effect caused by the cultivated production speed of growth quickening cycle time of mist is apparent.
3 mountainous region column mists plough production, realize that the cycle ne-leakage of water utilizes, and water-saving result is current all irrigation techniques
In the middle, highest one kind of water utilization rate, produces the vegetables and fruits of identical biomass, and water consumption only needs the 1- of soil irrigable culture
5%, water-saving result is apparent, is suitble to the vegetables and fruits crop production of few water or arid area, marches and provide to desertification for vegetables and fruits farming
Technical support.
4 is under the conditions of mountain topography, development industrialized agriculture open up new Technology Ways, some can not build chamber facility
The environment such as hillside fields, forest land, terraced fields can be achieved using column facility, be gone up a hill and mountainous region farming specialty farming for facility
It is efficient using creating conditions.
5 plough facility from the column mist of independent locking cycle, and nondestructive involvement primary ecology may be implemented to build farming
System greatly reduces the ecological disruption caused by soil erosion, also reduces agriculture chemical to ring without arranging terraced fields and soil improvement
The pollution in border and the influence of agricultural product security are that a kind of ecology saves the environmental-friendly mode of production, nondestructive implanted structure from damage
It builds and positive effect is played to the structure of mountainous region restoration of the ecosystem and species diversity.
6 mountain soil farming are typical manual labor intensity industries, are that current hill farmer is reluctant that carrying out mountainous region ploughs
Make the main reason for even large area terraced fields are uncultivated；Using column take shelter from rain insect prevention mist plough after, substantially not big physical farming throw
Enter, reduces labourer nearly 70%, be a kind of Labor-saving technology of suitable hill farmer farming.
7 do not depend on soil fertility and soil property plough technology from soilization column mist, solve the office of cultivation vegetables and fruits crop varieties
Sex-limited, conventional soil cultivation is limited to the factors such as soil property P in soil H values, and mist is ploughed production and can be planted and limited to by soil soil property
Kind has widened the space of vegetables and fruits crop industry development.
8 insect prevention formula column mists of taking shelter from rain plough the mode of production, have effectively checked pest and disease damage route of transmission, pesticide and have exempted from pesticide to subtract
The guarantee for producing the facility and technology that provide, solves the serious food-safety problem of current pesticide residue.
The 9 intelligent applications with automated control technology, allow management to simplify, without the crowd of agricultural tillage knowledge and basis
It can also participate in, solve the problems, such as the skill master for needing technical experience to accumulate of traditional agro-farming；Mountain column mist trains technology
Simple management simplifies, non-agricultural crowd's investment and foundation.
10 develop vegetables and fruits industry using mountain climate, have the advantages that illumination is sufficient, the temperature difference is big, well-ventilated, can produce
Go out more preferably than Plain vegetables and fruits quality and nutritive value, can be used as mountainous region vegetables and fruits particular brand and enter market, form unique production
Industry competitiveness.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be suitable arable farming of the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method in contour with
Cultivate column cloth point diagram；
Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b be suitable arable farming of the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method in feed flow
With reflux main side pipe layout diagram；
Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b be suitable arable farming of the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method in cultivate
Column steelframe installation diagram twists screw rod installation method schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, Fig. 4 c, Fig. 4 d, Fig. 4 e are that the mountain insect prevention of taking shelter from rain of suitable arable farming of the present invention is vertical
Column mist ploughs the structural schematic diagram that insect prevention column mist of completely taking shelter from rain in method ploughs unit；
Fig. 5 be suitable arable farming of the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method in nutrient solution and battalion
Nutrient solution hinge stem scheme of installation；
Fig. 6 be suitable arable farming of the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method in solanaceous vegetables crop
Longitudinal field planting schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 be suitable arable farming of the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method in tendril class melon and fruit
It is colonized schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 be suitable arable farming of the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method in rice cropping show
It is intended to；
Fig. 9 be suitable arable farming of the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method in implement ground landform
Change random column arrangement photo；
Figure 10 be suitable arable farming of the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method in implement ground slope
Uniformly cultivation column presses the photo that contour arranges to degree；
Figure 11 be suitable arable farming of the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method in implement pacify
Install the photo for finishing cultivation steel structure skeleton；
Figure 12 be suitable arable farming of the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method in buckle is installed
After complete column mist plough unit photo；
Figure 13 is that the mountain insect prevention column mist of taking shelter from rain of suitable arable farming of the present invention is ploughed method central post mist and ploughed
Build up rear vegetables production photo；
Figure 14 be suitable arable farming of the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method in medicinal herbs forest land
Change the schematic diagram that insect prevention column mist of taking shelter from rain ploughs construction of base
Specific implementation mode
The preferred embodiment of invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that advantages and features of the invention can be more
It is easy to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, so as to make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method, include the steps that the following aspects：
A is according to the property for implementing mountainous region, and the area and range of quasi- exploitation, to produce the ground using contour as baseline
Shape figure according to 3X3 meters of spacing is foundation on the basis of topographic map, in the calibration for carrying out column arrangement position on drawing, to
Calculate the quantity of associated materials needed for building.
B is measured fixed point with reference to design drawing on the spot, and hillside fields fixed point can use quick lime setting-out；Then centered at fixed point
Make plot at the smooth fixed point of arc-shaped of 1.2 meters of radius, if it is the mountainous region that the gradient is larger, it is flat that fish scale ditch formula can be made at fixed point
Whole, the slightly horizontal of original terraced fields arranges, and cement can be used for the rock hillside fields of no soil layer and built as forum type, in a word partly
Level must be arranged in the range of 1.2 meters of diameter, facilitates upright post flat firm fixed.
C selects 20# or 25# galvanizings tubing as cultivation column steel structure material, is made according to design drawing using press bed
Scantling and quantity carry out blunderbuss hole machined, and length of material control errors are in 0.5-1 millimeters of ranges, in terms of the hole middle-range of material.
D take shelter from rain insect prevention mist training column installation, according to column design figure needed for every column steel structure material, field planting plank
The associated materials such as the film that atomizing pipeline, nozzle, waterproof cloth, fly net, overhead guard cover in material, column, carry out cylindrical steel structure just
It installs on ground.
The laying of e nutrient solutions feed liquid pipeline and return duct, wherein nutrient solution liquid supply pipe are by supervisor, side pipe, branch pipe, hollow billet group
At；The reflux of nutrition liquid pipe is made of the refluxing opening of cultivation base for post, branch pipe, side pipe, return main, in feed flow and reflux line
Side pipe can be laid with layout side by side with supervisor with route；Can be that bright pipe is laid with or can be that make hidden pipe embedded which is specifically used
Depending on kind mode is because of convenient construction degree；There are two types of the laying method of feed flow and reflux line is usual, i.e., longitudinal access method and cross
To access method.
F nutrition liquid pool construction, nutrition liquid pool are usually built into underground type, are conducive to the stabilization of liquid temperature, the size in pond is with every
It is standard that mu column mist training, which prepares 10-20 cubic metres,；When the vertical height difference in the larger base of implementation area is big, multistage pond may be used and supply
Liquid mode, depending on the specific series for laying pond is by pump power, to solve the problems, such as pump head deficiency.
G nutrient solution stems control hinge installation, installed respectively according to design drawing water pump, filter, strong magnetic processor and
Ultraviolet sterilizer.
H computer control systems are installed, and control system is the key that realize intelligent automatic management, between wherein most critical is
It has a rest the control of atomizing, needs with transducing signals such as illumination, temperature, moisture for according to providing intelligent decision, to determine between atomizing
It has a rest and the working time, creates best rich water for root system and supply condition.By requirement of system design, all kinds of sensings are installed respectively
Device host, executes forceful electric power relevant device, and sets relevant parameter and intelligent feed flow can be realized.
I nursery and field planting, column mist, which cultivates seedling, must use non-soil culture mode, a kind of to use sponge block nursery, i.e. handle
Seed is seeded in the sponge block in tool cross gap, migrates to the field planting hole of field planting plate after emergence together with sponge block；Separately
A kind of mode is that seed broadcasting is used sponge in the matrix rinsed clean of root system is then moved to field planting hole on artificial substratum, after emergence
Block is fixed；Nursery is identical as field planting method as water planting.
J pest and disease damages and plant management, insect prevention formula column mist of taking shelter from rain training, plantation leaf vegetables is endangered without disease pest substantially, from kind
Plant to harvest it is intermediate operated without any management, until harvest, plantation melon and fruit class after transplanting, also need to branches and tendrils tie up it is climing with it is whole
Branch tube is managed, identical as conventional melon and fruit management.
The preparation and management of k nutrient solutions determine nutrient solution prescription first, report, calculate according to local water quality detection
It is suitble to the factory formula of locality water quality；Compounding is carried out according to the requirement of formula, it is identical as conventional water planting management；Mountainous region is vertical
The cultivated daily nutrient solution management of column mist, groundwork is the management of concentration and pH value, when nutrient solution concentration EC values are more than 2.5,
It can be diluted toward water filling in pond, when nutrient solution concentration EC values are less than 0.8, be incorporated new nutrient solution again, manage width
Degree is bigger than the concentration management amplitude of common water planting；The nutrition liquid acidityalkalinity of most of vegetables and fruits crops regulates and controls in pH value 5.5-6.5
Between, it is excessively high to be adjusted respectively with alkali with acid with too low, it is identical as water culture technique.
The property in the implementation mountainous region described in step a, had both belonged to the mountainous region of geology scope, also included agricultural farming scope hills
Hillside fields, developed mountain area terraced fields, ecosystem and artificial forest land, the landform for thering is height difference to rise and fall.
Fish scale ditch formula described in step b is smooth, used when encountering steeper hillside when being traditional hillside orchard exploitation
A kind of a kind of reclamation of wasteland orchard mode to prevent erosion, it is only smooth at high outside and low outside land preparation mode to being carried out at field planting, it is whole
Shape is built up such as fish scale-shaped.
Punching processing described in step c, aperture are 8.8 millimeters, are consistent with installation screw rod bore.
Field planting plate described in step d is thickness 0.025m, 0.6 meter wide, density 43-45Kg/m3Extruded sheet processing
It forms, processing method in plate face in using heating iron according to the aperture hot melten type trepanning of diameter 0.025m, opening direction and plate face
In 45° angle trepanning, aperture upward, to prevent nutrient solution exosmoses when atomizing in column, is also conducive to keep the root root and stem of certain plants after vegetable permanent planting when installation
It is relatively upright.
Longitudinal access method described in step e and lateral access method, longitudinal access method is big for topography variation, and cylinder arranges nothing
When rule and big field planting point height difference, for side pipe using longitudinal direction access arrangement is made, i.e. side pipe makees longitudinal laying along massif, each to flow back
Branch pipe is connected on longitudinal side pipe, ensures that nutrient solution reflux is smooth in this way；When cylinder arrangement all makees standard arrangement with contour, side pipe
It can make along contour transversely arranged, be uniformly accessed into the supervisor of longitudinal arrangement.
The stabilization of liquid temperature described in step f, column mist are ploughed for technology, the growth of liquid temperature stablized relatively for crop
There is positive facilitation, best liquid temperature is suitble to most vegetables and fruits crops that can protect in the range generally at 17-21 DEG C
Hold good growth potential.
Strong magnetic processor described in step g and ultraviolet sterilizer, wherein strong magnetic processor intensity must be high 8000
More than this, ultraviolet light is short wave ultraviolet, wave-length coverage 200-280nm.
Intelligent decision described in step h means and ploughs the experts system that growth phase is developed with feature for mist.
Artificial substratum described in step l is with perlite and peat, according to volume ratio 3-4:1 mixes.
Being operated without any management described in step j, refers to compared with conventional soil farming, and required site preparation weeding fertilising fills
Irrigate the work of laxative etc.
Water quality detection report described in step k, emphasis measure the PH that relevant calcium and magnesium ion index and water quality are ploughed with mist
Value, other index relationship degrees are little.
And the present invention mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough method, be using three-dimensional steel pile creation be several times as much as plane
Farming space, then pest and disease damage is effectively solved the problems, such as by insect prevention of taking shelter from rain, realize few pesticide or exempts from pesticide producing, subtract no environmental pollution
And the hazard residue to agricultural product；By ploughing the nutrient solution circulating technology of mist, conventional fertilizers Loss by leaching and pollution are solved, simultaneously
Also maximized circulating water-saving irrigation is realized, it is significant for the mountain area and desert of water shortage；By being latched circulation zero-discharging
Cultivating system is built, and maximizes the destruction reduced to natural mountainous region ecological resources, effectively reaches the reconstruct of ecologic biological diversity
Environment remediation effect is the important technical for building farming specialty farming；Using nutrient solution prescription technology and intelligent management skill
Art solves the problems, such as the technology barrier that layman is engaged in agricultural production, and the precision of crop rich water demand may be implemented
Management realizes that the simplification of production process is operated with Labor-saving, can save 70% by automation control and without native farming technique
Management recruitment, substantially reduce crop production cost；The implementation that zero-emission solid mist ploughs technology creates several times plane farming effect
Rate, and the slope condition for being suitble to landform changeable carries out ploughing production without soilization mist, is a sustainable novel farming technique, has
Effect solves agricultural production pollution problem, farmland issue and safety problem, is the important technology innovation when the production of preceding crop mountainous region.
Embodiment 1
The mountain of 600 column scales insect prevention column mist of taking shelter from rain ploughs Vegetable Base construction and production, such as Figure 13
1) implement ground as uncultivated hillside, to implementing measure first, draw out contour map, such as Fig. 1,
Cultivation column is carried out according to spacing 3X3m to layout calibration 2, and determine nutrient solution circulating line according to terrain on 1 figure of contour
Layout type and circuit, and determine the position that nutrition liquid pool 4 and control room 5 are built.It is calculated in conjunction with drawing and builds the base
Required material facility and equipment, and inventory is listed, it is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 builds the material facility and equipment list needed for 600 columns
2) according to global design figure, setting-out on the spot is carried out, determine cultivation column installation site and carries out the smooth of cylinder pedestal,
As being that terraced fields carry out level levelling to pedestal landing position originally, fish is carried out if the band soil layer slope for cylinder can not be put
Squama ditch formula is smooth, and it is exactly that then must make altar for rock slope at column with cement, can put column also to plant situation.Pedestal
Size is at least the water circle altar of 1.2 meters of radius.
3) material processing is carried out according to cylinder design figure size and number (being shown in Table 2), selects 20-25# hot dip galvanizing pipes, tube wall
Thickness is 1.7-2.0mm, is processed by the way of punching machine punching press, and the length of the tubing of the precision of processing, that is, every is in terms of the middle-range of hole, really
Control errors are protected in 0.5-1mm ranges, the aperture of punching press is 8.8mm, and the good material of punching press is carried out by the number on the bill of materials
Coding mark.
The steel structure bill of materials of 2 600 cultivation columns of table
| Serial number | Length | Quantity | Number |
| 1 | 0.600m | 7200 | 1 |
| 2 | 1.200m | 600 | 2 |
| 3 | 0.500m | 3600 | 3 |
| 4 | 3.000m | 3600 | 4 |
| 5 | 1.100m | 3600 | 5 |
| 6 | 1.0392m | 1800 | 6 |
4) it carries out twisting screw rod assembly according to installation diagram, such as Fig. 3-a, assembles required screw rod 33, gasket 34 and nut 35 and obtain
The galvanizing for selecting antirust treatment, is installed from top overhead guard down successively by drawing, and installation method is tight using electric wrench
Gu screw rod, such as Fig. 3-b.
5) according to insect prevention pillar construction figure of taking shelter from rain, such as Fig. 4-a, Fig. 4-b, Fig. 4-c, Fig. 4-d, Fig. 4-e, with the bone assembled
Frame 11 is support, such as Figure 11, carries out that field planting plate 10 trepanning 18, atomizing pipeline 14, hollow billet 13 and the installation of nozzle 12 connect in column respectively
Connect, film 8 of taking shelter from rain at overhead guard covering, field planting plate 10 fasten, fly net 9 it is closed enclose extension, cylinder pedestal inner waterproofing cloth 15 be laid with, purse seine
The isolation of landscape ground cloth 23 of interior exposed part soil surface is laid with and opens up refluxing opening 22 and connect return duct 16, is built into one
A complete insect prevention column mist of taking shelter from rain ploughs unit.Aforesaid operations are repeated, complete the installation of 600 cultivation columns, such as Figure 12, and reserve
Go out the access conduit of feed flow 17 and reflux 16.
6) laying of feed flow and reflux main side pipe, such as Fig. 2-a, Fig. 2-b, according to the base topographic features, wherein a block
The gradient is more uniformly cultivated column and is arranged by contour, and such as Figure 10 can lay simultaneously the block side pipe 6 layer by layer along contour
The reflux being longitudinally laid with is uniformly accessed into on feed flow supervisor 7, lateral access method is, such as Fig. 2-b；Another block topography variation is random
Then, column laying can not be arranged by contour, such as Fig. 9, and return liquid and the feed flow side pipe of the block make longitudinal paving using along slope aspect
And if the reflux every column and the effective branch pipe of feed flow are uniformly accessed into regard to nearside pipe, then side pipe are accessed together the confession being laterally laid with
Liquid forms supply and the return-flow system of nutrient solution with longitudinal access method on return main, is such as Fig. 2-a.
7) nutrition liquid pool is determining and builds, such as Fig. 1, Fig. 5, the base totally 600 columns, and hypsography variation is not advised
Then, upper and lower elevation is larger, in the light of actual conditions makees the construction of two-stage pond, and low-level culture pool 4 is in different elevations from two level pond 5, per pond
40-60 cubic metres of reservoir capacity is built by the way of brick 24 and cement painting and water-repellent paint processing, is built in ground 25
Under, pond depth is 1.5 meters, and in pool wall scale 26, to facilitate intuitive calculating nutrition liquid measure.
8) feed flow supervisor 27 and the supervisor of return main 28 are introduced nutrition by the installation of nutrient solution hinge stem, such as Fig. 5 respectively
Liquid pool, the installation for field headquarters nutrient solution circulatory system stem of going forward side by side are responsible for 27 ends in feed flow and are sequentially connected water pump 33, filter 32, strong
Magnetic processor 31, nutrient solution sterilizer 30, and a grenadine bag 29 is filled in the refluxing opening of return main 28, it can filter out in phegma
The impurity such as part undesirable root.
9) it is above-mentioned all after hours, you can carry out the installation of computer control system, wherein sensor part such as light
It is installed on cultivation column according to sensor, air humidity and temperature sensor and has the relatively representative environment of weather；Solution temperature, water
Position, the installation of EC value sensors are soaked in nutrition liquid pool, build the data collecting system of external environment and nutrient solution conditions, and handle
Computer forceful electric power part accesses corresponding equipment, such as the heating of water pump, nutrient solution or chilling unit；Above-mentioned all set is installed
After standby facility, you can carry out system debug, detection operating condition and atomizing effect, after all going well, base can put into production.
10) nursery and field planting, plant leaf vegetables greengrocery, the general period be 30 days one batch, calculated according to 600 columns are amounted to,
20 columns of average daily seeding and seedling raising and field planting, you can the cycle for forming production and harvesting is realized in the relative equilibrium of the daily output
City；Nursery has sponge block seeding and seedling raising, and can manually broadcast can also use automatic seeder to operate, and seed is sowed at sponge block
Cross gap in, then seed plate is put on the seedbed of shallow-layer nutrient solution flowing, leaf vegetables is waited to grow to two leaves wholeheartedly melon
Fruit grow to when 3-5 true leaves can transplant planting in the field planting hole of cultivation plate, fill in field planting hole together with sponge block；It can also adopt
Manually substrate seedling, artificial substratum are prepared with perlite mixing peat closely according to 3-4:1 than matching (volume ratio), first right before transplanting
The matrix that root system is stained with rinsed in clear water, then row field planting.Leaf vegetables is colonized according to fixed field planting hole, solanaceous vegetables according to
Hexahedron cultivates column, makees vertical longitudinal field planting, spacing 0.5-0.6m meters, such as Fig. 6；Tendril class melon and fruit is colonized in hexahedron cultivation
At the nearly pedestal of column, 1-2 is planted per face, when growth hangs climing training, such as Fig. 7.
11) preparation and management of nutrient solution is detected to implementing the water quality used in ground, is carried out according to testing result first
The conversion and formulation of nutrient solution prescription calculate for being suitble to general formulation of the leaf vegetables with melon and fruit mixed planting and are suitble to the base
The factory formula of water quality calculates step and see the table below (table 3, table 4, table 5, table 6).
The raw water quality examining report that 3 base of table uses
| Element | Calcium | Magnesium | Potassium | Manganese | Zinc |
| Concentration (ppm) | 48.0 | 21.8 | 2.50 | 0.0419 | 0.001 |
4 General Theory formula selected to use of table
The theoretical formula of table 5 subtracts the element contained by raw water
Table 6 is converted into compound and assembles as factory formula
| Serial number | Compound name | Concentration (g/t) |
| 1 | Four water-calcium nitrate | 975.838 |
| 2 | Epsom salt | 265.72 |
| 3 | Potassium nitrate | 619.272 |
| 4 | Manganese sulfate | 1.409 |
| 5 | Boric acid | 2.86 |
| 6 | Cupric sulfate pentahydrate | 0.079 |
| 7 | Sodium molybdate | 0.025 |
| 8 | Zinc sulfate | 0.148 |
| 9 | Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate | 115.139 |
| 10 | Ammonium sulfate | 117.795 |
| 11 | Chelated iron | 19.231 |
The preparation of nutrient solution is carried out according to the factory formula of calculating, preparation method is identical as conventional water planting；Mountainous region column mist
Cultivated daily nutrient solution management, groundwork are the management of concentration and pH value, can be with when nutrient solution concentration EC values are more than 2.5
Water filling dilutes in toward pond, when nutrient solution concentration EC values are less than 0.8, is incorporated new nutrient solution, span of control ratio again
The concentration management amplitude of common water planting is big；The nutrition liquid acidityalkalinity of most of vegetables and fruits crops regulates and controls between pH value 5.5-6.5,
It is excessively high to be adjusted respectively with alkali with acid with too low, it is identical as water culture technique
12) pest and disease damage and plant management, for leaf vegetables cultivation under insect prevention facility condition of taking shelter from rain, substantially without disease pest
Evil, it is also that will not mutually propagate infection as soil cultivation in relatively independent cylinder unit both to have made invasion and infection, will not
Biology and economic flow rate large effect, basic realize is caused to exempt from pesticide cultivation；Key is to carry out day on pest management
Normal cleaning, i.e. every batch of dish are cleaned and are sterilized to field planting plate after harvesting；Rainy weather is encountered, melon and fruit class is because of sky
Air humidity degree is big, can often grow disease, can be suitble to use fungicide, or with Electricity Functional Water physical control method, accomplish green
Safety in production；Leaf vegetables is from field planting up to harvest, and without carrying out plant management, melon and fruit class then needs tie up climing training or guarantor's flower
The work such as fruit retention, it is identical as conventional melon and fruit cultivation management.
By above-mentioned design, 600 cultivation column its floor spaces are about 8 mu, and by taking shelter from rain, insect prevention column mist ploughs technology, with
Area (0.6mX6) X3m=10.8m of every cultivation column field planting plate2Meter, 600 cultivation columns can create effectively net farming surface area and be
600X10.8m2=6480m2, and the soil of traditional 8 mu of areas of soil cultivation, deduct management passageway, real effective cultivated area
Then it is 3201.6m in terms of 60%2, after being ploughed using column mist of taking shelter from rain, 1 times of farming space can be improved；And it allows uncultivated non-
Arable land hillside can be utilized, and can realize the green safe production of laborsaving water-saving fertilizer-savingization, be had with conventional soil farming bright
Aobvious advantage；Compared with traditional greenhouse type soilless culture, column mist is ploughed and has reduced or remitted greenhouse investment, only needs conventional water planting and matrix training
1/2-1/3 investment, be all high farming new model of an efficiency benefit with good investment.
Embodiment 2
The mountain of rice insect prevention column mist of taking shelter from rain ploughs construction of base and production, such as Fig. 8
Difference from Example 1 is that rice is the important cereal crops of traditional underwater cultivation, is relied on water resource
Property strongest crop, ploughed using mountainous region column mist, realize that the wet crop nonirrigated farmland mountainous region metaplasia in Plain is produced, industry meaning weight
Greatly, and paddy field environment is left, the rice root root and stem of certain plants keeps dry and comfortable, and ventilation and penetrating light is better, greatly reduces traditional underwater cultivation
Disease occurs, and basically reaches disease-free production, in addition the combination of fly net and facility of taking shelter from rain, and blocks insect pest and invades, and insect prevention
Net formula encloses barrier, and can ensure that planting environment is ventilated, does not influence the anemophily of rice blooming stage；Rice is kept away using mountain
Rain insect prevention column mist is ploughed and also improves farming area, the illumination more preferably temperature difference bigger compared with plane, is conducive to carbohydrate product
It is tired, be conducive to the improvement of meter matter, be more suitable for the production of high-quality gift rice；Even more important meaning be allow wet crop nonirrigated farmlandization with
The limitation of water resource and property of ploughing is broken through in mountainous region.
Another difference, rice are typical silicophilic crop compared with conventional crop and vegetables and fruits, this is that rice institute is peculiar
Physiological property, so implement rice mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough when, the apparent area in the allotment of nutrient solution prescription
Not in conventional crop；It is formulated determining and preparation and see the table below (table 7, table 8).
The element ratio of 7 rice formula of table is matched
Compound of the table 8 for production assembles
| Serial number | Compound name | Concentration (g/t) |
| 1 | Four water-calcium nitrate | 1801.495 |
| 2 | Epsom salt | 659.229 |
| 3 | Potassium nitrate | 191.915 |
| 4 | Manganese sulfate | 2.461 |
| 5 | Boric acid | 4.004 |
| 6 | Cupric sulfate pentahydrate | 0.275 |
| 7 | Sodium molybdate | 0.126 |
| 8 | Zinc sulfate | 1.208 |
| 9 | Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate | 213.555 |
| 10 | Sodium metasilicate | 434.575 |
| 11 | Chelated iron | 38.462 |
It is 2.6 according to the nutrient solution EC values that above-mentioned formula is prepared, when production is normally controlled between 0.5-1 dosage as making
Use range.
Rice using mountain take shelter from rain insect prevention column mist plough technology, be production technology improvement realize unit per mu yield several times improve
Technology Ways, compared with the Genetic improvement of breeding, production realize increase harvest it is more easy, be rice quality improvement and yield
Another important means improved.
Embodiment 3
Take shelter from rain the cultivated construction of base of insect prevention column mist and production, such as Figure 14 in the forest land of medicinal herbs
Difference from Example 1 is that most of medicinal herbs are that happiness is shady or tolerant plant, suitable forest land development column mist are ploughed
Cultivation, is given shade using the forest in former mountainous region as ecology, and the ecological environment cultivated more suitable for medicinal herbs is created, and forest land is created micro-
Climatic environment also helps the promotion of medicinal herbs quality, is the important technical for developing forest economy plantation Chinese herbal medicine.
Difference from Example 1 also resides in the difference on the nutrient solution prescription of medicinal herbs, and the determination of formula is shown in preparation
Following table (table 9, table 10)
The element ratio of 9 medicinal herbs of table formula is matched
Compound of the table 10 for production assembles
| Serial number | Compound name | Concentration (g/t) |
| 1 | Four water-calcium nitrate | 1142.945 |
| 2 | Epsom salt | 486.815 |
| 3 | Potassium nitrate | 599.694 |
| 4 | Manganese sulfate | 1.538 |
| 5 | Boric acid | 2.86 |
| 6 | Cupric sulfate pentahydrate | 0.079 |
| 7 | Sodium molybdate | 0.025 |
| 8 | Zinc sulfate | 0.151 |
| 9 | Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate | 115.139 |
| 10 | Chelated iron | 19.231 |
Medicinal herbs carry out mountain and take shelter from rain the cultivated mode of insect prevention column mist, can also effectively solve Pesticide Residue, this is right
It is more even more important than other crops in medicine source plant resource, and the mist cleaned ploughs production, can easily harvest complete stool, it is more conducively subsequent
Processing can also carry out root system pruning formula harvesting for the medicinal herbs that root system is medicine source, be not required to destroy complete stool, again using root system
Natural disposition is repeatedly harvested, and the yield for improving biomass and harvest is conducive to；There are the medicinal herbs that specific composition requires for some, also
It can realize that target is cultivated by formulation optimization, achieve the effect that improve drug effect；In short, the forest land formula of medicinal herbs is taken shelter from rain, insect prevention is vertical
Column mist ploughs production for promoting the technique improvement of forest economy and the raising of medicinal herbs yield and quality to be helped all having great industry
Push away effect.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
The change or replacement expected without creative work, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
Protection domain should be determined by the scope of protection defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of mountain of suitable arable farming is taken shelter from rain, insect prevention column mist ploughs method, characterized in that includes the following steps：
A carries out the alignment placement of cultivation column according to the landform of mapping with contour map, and determine the arrangement mode of circulating line with
The building site of nutrition liquid pool control room；
B carries out the setting-out fixed point and alignment placement of cultivation column, and landing pedestal for the vegetation topographic and geologic feature for implementing ground
Place smooth is built and is built；
C cultivates column by the steel structure of taking shelter from rain overhead guard and main body forms；And it carries out covering film of taking shelter from rain, anchor and plant plate, hang fly net and column
Interior atomizing pipeline and nozzle installation, the waterproof and reflow treatment of base for post, the landscape ground cloth isolation of the native part of pedestal dew are laid with, row
Column Layout forms complete insect prevention column mist cultivation unit of taking shelter from rain；
After f installs cylinder, carry out cylinder and fix, and often cultivate unit liquid supply pipe and return duct be respectively connected to feed flow side pipe and
Flow back side pipe；
The actual conditions that g layouts according to landform and cultivation column, carry out the determination of nutrition liquid pool construction point；
H nutrition liquid supply systems are installed；
I nutrient solution return-flow systems are installed；
J intelligent objects are installed；
K selects nutrient solution prescription；
M nursery and transplant planting management；
N pest managements；
O variety selections.
2. a kind of mountain of suitable arable farming insect prevention column mist of taking shelter from rain ploughs method according to claim 1, feature exists
In：Circulating line reaches zero-emission described in step a, refers to nutrient solution cycle and is arranged outside without outer pollution discharging, without pesticide；It is solid to cultivate column cylinder
Surely have steelframe pedestal beat anchor fixation either steelframe pedestal cast concrete fixation or with week earth surface of side slope soil carry out
Ridging is embedded to be fixed.
3. a kind of mountain of suitable arable farming according to claim 1 is taken shelter from rain, insect prevention column mist ploughs method, feature
It is：Alignment placement described in step c refers to and carries out pitch layout according to different cultivation pillar heights, and usual spacing is equal with pillar height,
It is arranged using 3X3m spacing if pillar height 3m, allows under cylinder part also can abundant light.
4. a kind of mountain of suitable arable farming according to claim 1 is taken shelter from rain, insect prevention column mist ploughs method, feature
It is：Nutrition liquid pool described in step g builds up underground type nutrition liquid pool, and reflux, liquid temperature is facilitated to stablize relatively；For depth displacement
Larger base, builds up multistage nutrition liquid pool, and multistage nutrition liquid pool is set as level-one, excessive influence atomizing for 30-50 meters with depth displacement
Effect.
5. a kind of mountain of suitable arable farming according to claim 1 is taken shelter from rain, insect prevention column mist ploughs method, feature
It is：Nutrition liquid supply system includes the installation successively of water pump, filter, nutrient solution sterilizer, strong magnetic processor in step h,
Formed supervisor, side pipe, branch pipe, hollow billet nutrient solution supply system, wherein strong magnetic processor is mainly to prevent chemicrystallization from blocking,
Described prevents chemicrystallization from blocking, it is intended that blocking of the compound salt caused by crystalline solid is precipitated in temperature and concentration variation；
Nutrient solution return-flow system in step i includes the installation of refluxing opening, reflux branch pipe, flow back side pipe, return main, changefully
Its side pipe that flows back of the base that shape is irregularly layouted is laid using longitudinal, and the contour base reflux side pipe layouted laterally is laid.
6. a kind of mountain of suitable arable farming according to claim 1 is taken shelter from rain, insect prevention column mist ploughs method, feature
It is：Intelligent object described in step j, refer to special mountain take shelter from rain column mist training installation intelligent computer control system, carry out
The control of root mist and the nutrient management of precision are realized in the technocracy for having intelligent object, to realize that automation Labor-saving is special
Industry metaplasia is produced.
7. a kind of mountain of suitable arable farming according to claim 1 is taken shelter from rain, insect prevention column mist ploughs method, feature
It is：Nutrient solution prescription described in step k is divided into, special and general formulation；
The proprietary formula of vegetables is four water-calcium nitrate 975.838g/t, epsom salt 265.72g/t, potassium nitrate 619.272g/
T, manganese sulfate 1.409g/t, boric acid 2.86g/t, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.079g/t, sodium molybdate 0.025g/t, zinc sulfate 0.148g/
T, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 115.139g/t, ammonium sulfate 117.795g/t, huge legendary turtle and iron 19.231g/t, remaining be water；
The proprietary formula of rice is four water-calcium nitrate 1801.495g/t, epsom salt 659.229g/t, potassium nitrate
191.915g/t, manganese sulfate 2.461g/t, boric acid 4.004g/t, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.275g/t, sodium molybdate 0.126g/t, sulfuric acid
Zinc 1.208g/t, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 213.555g/t, sodium metasilicate 434.575g/t, huge legendary turtle and iron 38.462g/t, remaining be water；
The proprietary formula of medicinal herbs is four water-calcium nitrate 1142.945g/t, epsom salt 486.815g/t, potassium nitrate
599.694g/t, manganese sulfate 1.538g/t, boric acid 2.86g/t, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.079g/t, sodium molybdate 0.025g/t, sulfuric acid
Zinc 0.151g/t, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 115.139g/t, huge legendary turtle and iron 19.231g/t, remaining be water.
8. a kind of mountain of suitable arable farming according to claim 1 is taken shelter from rain, insect prevention column mist ploughs method, feature
It is：Nursery described in step m uses artificial substratum, artificial substratum to refer to perlite with peat according to volume ratio 3:1 mixing is matched
System；Using without the nursery of soilization artificial substratum and sponge block nursery, artificial substratum nursery must carry out that root system is clean to be washed before transplanting, sea
Directly field planting hole to be filled in after continuous block nursery emergence together with sponge block to fix, two leaf of leaf vegetables is out for transplanting standard,
Melon and fruit class is subject to 3-5 true leaves；Substantially without intermediate management after leaf vegetables transplanting, melon and fruit class need to carry out training and tie up climing and flowers and fruits
Management.
9. a kind of mountain of suitable arable farming according to claim 1 is taken shelter from rain, insect prevention column mist ploughs method, feature
It is：Pest management described in step n uses Electricity Functional Water and physical control, refers to plus the brine of sodium chloride after electrolysis by forming
Electrification strong acid water, pH value in 2-3 hereinafter, by strong acid aoxidizes and change germ cell current potential in the way of carry out physics and kill
Bacterium, after strong acid water is reduced to light water, to environment without any residual；Using taking shelter from rain, insect prevention column mist is trained, leaf vegetables accomplishes to exempt from pesticide
Cultivation；For melon and fruit, because either air circulation brings disease spread to adopt fungicide or Electricity Functional to the high weather of air humidity
Water physical control realizes innoxious safety in production.
10. a kind of mountain of suitable arable farming according to claim 1 is taken shelter from rain, insect prevention column mist ploughs method, feature
It is：Step o variety selections, which refer to column mist, ploughs and is suitble to all gourd, fruit and vegetable, crops, flowers and medicinal herbs, as simply taking shelter from rain
The column mist of facility is ploughed, and greenhouse is worse than in temperature regulation and control, has adopted the suitable cultivation of suitable season；When carrying out anti-season production, to nutrient solution
The control intervention of root temperature is carried out to realize, by nutrient solution heating or refrigeration, to realize that the anti-season of plant produces or dead season can
The heat insulating ability of column, the nutrient solution heating or refrigeration intervention are improved so that net is changed into film, is mainly used for summer high temperature and trembles with fear
Season low temperature, i.e., when outside air temperature higher than 35 DEG C with cold season temperature be less than 15 DEG C when, control greenhouse at 17-21 DEG C, reaching has
The growth of effect is benefited and anti-season production effect.
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| CN110603991A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-24 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Rain-sheltering sprinkling irrigation greenhouse for mountainous region |
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| CN108184532A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-22 | 章丘市懋源果品农民专业合作社 | A kind of cultivation management method of large cherry |
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| CN110603991A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-24 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Rain-sheltering sprinkling irrigation greenhouse for mountainous region |
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