CN108613095A - 发光装置及车载发光装置 - Google Patents

发光装置及车载发光装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108613095A
CN108613095A CN201710311713.3A CN201710311713A CN108613095A CN 108613095 A CN108613095 A CN 108613095A CN 201710311713 A CN201710311713 A CN 201710311713A CN 108613095 A CN108613095 A CN 108613095A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
light
emitting device
layer
optical waveguide
waveguide layer
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Pending
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CN201710311713.3A
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English (en)
Inventor
陈俞竹
于庆潭
陈品竹
杨升桦
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Lianjia Photoelectric Co ltd
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Lianjia Photoelectric Co ltd
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Publication of CN108613095A publication Critical patent/CN108613095A/zh
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/003—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array
    • F21V23/004—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array arranged on a substrate, e.g. a printed circuit board
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0043—Inhomogeneous or irregular arrays, e.g. varying shape, size, height
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/0011—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor with light guides for distributing the light between several lighting or signalling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/22—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments for reverse drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/34—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating change of drive direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/44—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating braking action or preparation for braking, e.g. by detection of the foot approaching the brake pedal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/48—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for parking purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/56—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for illuminating registrations or the like, e.g. for licence plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/24—Light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
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    • F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F21S43/235—Light guides
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    • F21S43/239—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide plate-shaped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
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    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/242—Light guides characterised by the emission area
    • F21S43/245—Light guides characterised by the emission area emitting light from one or more of its major surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/249—Light guides with two or more light sources being coupled into the light guide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/26—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S43/235 - F21S43/255
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/30—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by reflectors
    • F21S43/31—Optical layout thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
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    • F21S43/40—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the combination of reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V19/00—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
    • F21V19/001—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders the light sources being semiconductors devices, e.g. LEDs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/08—Refractors for light sources producing an asymmetric light distribution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/002—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces
    • G02B6/0021—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces for housing at least a part of the light source, e.g. by forming holes or recesses
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    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
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    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
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    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)

Abstract

本发明揭露一种发光装置及车载发光装置，其中发光装置包含一印刷电路板、一反射层，设置于印刷电路板之上、一导光层，对应设置于反射层上、一或多个发光单元，设置于导光层的一或多个侧边，使光线由此一或多个侧边进入导光层，其中导光层为可挠曲一或多个弧度，以及其中导光层的一表面由多个微结构组合而成，以达到最佳出光效果，并增加发光面的辉度均匀性。

Description

发光装置及车载发光装置
技术领域
本发明关于发光装置；具体而言，关于利用发光二极管作为光源的发光装置，其具可挠性并可将光线辉度均匀化。
背景技术
随着发光二极管(LED)的发展越趋成熟，其应用也越来越广。目前，许多车厂利用发光二极管作为车载灯具的光源。然而，发光二极管属点光源，其辉度难以达到高均匀的效果，这会导致其他车辆的驾驶者产生不舒适的眩光。再者，已知背光模块大多属于矩形的平面光源，与一般车载灯具的发光面形状有很大的差异，若直接将现有背光模块的设计应用在车载灯具，会造成辉度均匀度不佳的情况。另外，已知发光二极管的背光模块技术所使用的导光板通常不具可挠性，应用在车载灯具时，设计上有诸多限制，且车灯的整体体积也较为厚重。
因此，本技艺需要的是一种可提高发光二极管发光面的辉度均匀性、在视觉上得以改进舒适度并且可将光线导向车轴进行法规配光的发光装置。
发明内容
本发明的一面向，提供一种发光装置。此装置包含一印刷电路板；一反射层，设置于印刷电路板之上；一导光层，对应设置于反射层上；以及一或多个发光单元，设置于导光层的一或多个侧边，使光线由其一或多个侧边进入导光层，其中导光层为可挠曲一或多个弧度，以及其中导光层的一表面由多个微结构组合而成，以达到最佳出光效果，并增加发光面的辉度均匀性。
本发明的另一面向，提供一种发光装置。此装置包含一印刷电路板；一反射层，设置于印刷电路板之上；一导光层，对应设置于反射层上；以及一或多个发光单元，设置于导光层的一或多个侧边，使光线由此一或多个侧边进入导光层；以及一可挠式微结构层，设置于导光层的上方或下方，其中可挠式微结构层具有多个微结构，每个微结构具有一第一形状或一第二形状，依照可挠式微结构层的挠曲弧度排列组合，以及其中第一形状至少具有一圆弧面而第二形状至少具有一平面，以达到增光及偏光的效果。
本发明的又一面向，提供一车载发光装置。此装置包含一印刷电路板，电性耦接一车体；一反射层，设置于印刷电路板之上；一导光层，对应设置于反射层上；一或多个发光单元，设置于导光层的一或多个侧边，使光线由此一或多个侧边进入导光层；以及一保护壳体，与车体连结，以将印刷电路板、反射层、一或多个发光单元、以及导光层包覆于其中，其中导光层为可挠曲一或多个弧度，以及其中导光层的一表面由多个微结构依照保护壳体的外型排列组合而成，以达到最佳出光效果。藉此，本发明的车载发光装置不但在外型设计上可有更多变化，并且在照明功能上可改进其发光面的辉度均匀性。
熟此技艺者在明了本发明的较佳实施例的详述后，当可思及本发明的其他面向。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的一实施例中，一发光装置的示意图；
图2为本发明的一实施例中，一导光层侧边的示意图；以及
图3a、图3b分别为本发明的一实施例中，正向型微结构与偏光型微结构的光分布模拟图与测试点结果。
附图标号：
10 发光装置、车载发光装置
11 印刷电路板
12 发光单元
13 反射层
14 导光层
15 扩散层
16 遮光件
17 空气层
18 承载件
20 保护壳体
30 车体
141 微结构
具体实施方式
以下将详细描述本发明的各实施例的细节，各实施例范例的伴随图式，在本说明书中，类似标号代表类似元件。
本发明揭露一种发光装置。在本发明的一实施例中，此发光装置具有一可挠式导光层，其表面设有多个微结构，依照导光层的挠曲弧度，利用不同形状的微结构排列组合，达到最佳出光率。
参照图1，其绘示本发明的一实施例中，一发光装置10的示意图。举例而言，本发明的发光装置10可以例如尾灯、剎车灯、方向灯、倒车灯、日行灯、驻车灯、牌照灯与室内灯等类似车载灯具实施。或者，本发明的发光装置10亦可适用于任何具有方向性配光需求的灯具，好比号志灯。然而，熟此技艺者当知，本发明的发光装置10并不限于上述范例，任何具有可挠式导光层，且导光层上的微结构可依照其表面的挠曲弧度以不同形状排列组合，以达到最佳出光效果的发光装置皆落入本发明的范畴。
如图1所示，本发明的发光装置10可包含一印刷电路板11，可电性耦接一外部电子装置。在发光装置10为一车载灯具的实施例中，印刷电路板11亦可耦接一车体30内的电子装置，藉此驾驶者可通过车体30的内部装置控制本发明的发光装置10。
在本发明的一实施例中，印刷电路板11上可设有一或多个发光单元12。在一较佳实施例中，本发明发光单元12可以发光二极管(LED)实施，而发光二极管又以侧发光型发光二极管尤佳。然而，熟此技艺者当知，其他类型的发光元件亦不偏离本发明的范畴。
本发明的发光装置10亦可包含一反射层13。在本发明的一实施例中，反射层13形成于印刷电路板11之上，以作反射光线之用。举例而言，本发明的反射层13可由高反射率的材质组成，例如是在印体电路板11上的一高反射率涂层，或者是叠层在印刷电路板11上的高反射片。然而，熟此技艺者当知，任何可高度反射发光单元12的光线的材质皆落入本发明的范畴。
如图1所示，在本发明的发光装置10更可包含一导光层14，负责引导来自一或多个发光单元12的光线进入其中。在本发明的一实施例中，导光层14设于反射层13之上，且一或多个发光单元12位于导光层14的两侧。也就是说，来自一或多个发光单元12的光线会从导光层14的侧边进入导光层14。
参照图2，其绘示本发明的一实施例中，导光层14的示意图。在此实施例中，导光层14的侧边具有一凹弧形的入光面142，藉此，不但可以减少入光面142所产生的全反射，更可提高发光单元12的发散角度，进而降低光源与光源之间的暗带。
回到图1，在本发明的一实施例中，导光层14的一表面设有多个微结构141。在一实施例中，此等微结构141设置于导光层14的一底面。换句话说，微结构141位于导光层14与反射层13之间。然而，在另一实施例中，微结构层141亦可设置于导光层14的一顶面，也就是位于导光层14与一空气层17之间。
本发明的微结构141可用于破坏导光层14内全反射的光线，并产生漫射与改变光现行径路线，让光线集中往出光面的光轴方向，藉此提高光线的均匀度并增加出光量。在本发明的一实施例中，导光层14表面上的微结构141可以同种形状或不同形状的立体结构实施，例如但不限于圆球型、椭圆球型、锥形、柱状型或平顶锥形等等。在本发明的另一实施例中，微结构141亦可以凸型及/或凹型结构实施。根据本发明，不同形状的微结构141可具有不同的功能。举例而言，球型的微结构141可用来增加导光层14正向出光的效率与均匀度，因此亦可称为正向型微结构。举另一例而言，锥形的微结构141可依照每个面的角度有效地改变光线路径，因此亦可称为偏光型微结构。
参照图3a与图3b，其分别绘示本发明的一实施例中，正向型微结构与偏光型微结构的光分布模拟图与测试点结果。如图3a所示，正向型微结构使光线的最大强度落在左12.5°、上16°，而H-V点(0°,0°)的光强度为57.86cd。而在偏光型微结构的环境下，光线的最大强度可调整在H-V点(0°,0°)的位置，其强度为67.87cd。藉此可知，本发明的偏光型微结构不但得以使光分布的亮区变集中，亦可增加光的强度。
在本发明的一实施例中，导光层14由一可挠性材质制造而成。举例而言，本发明的导光层14可以硅胶及/或其他可透光的光学及材料制造而成。根据导光层14的挠曲弧度，导光层14表面的多个微结构141可以一或多种不同类型(例如上述的正向型或偏光型)的微结构141排列组合，以提升光线的正面出光率及/或发光面(未图示)的辉度均匀性。举例而言，导光层14较弯曲(即弧度较大)的部分可设置较多的偏光型微结构141，以有效改变光线路径，增加光轴方向的光线强度，而导光层14相对较不弯曲(即弧度较小)的部分可设置较多的正向型微结构141，以增加导光层14的正向出光效率与均匀度。
在本发明的另一实施例中，多个微结构141亦可独立成一层结构，设置于导光层14的上方或下方。在此实施例中，多个微结构141所组成的微结构层以可挠性材质制造而成，而微结构层上的微结构141可以一或多种不同类型(例如上述的正向型或偏光型)的微结构141排列组合，以提升光线的正面出光率。举例而言，微结构层较弯曲(即弧度较大)的部分可设置较多的偏光型微结构141，以有效改变光线路径，增加光轴方向的光线强度，而微结构层相对较不弯曲(即弧度较小)的部分可设置较多的正向型微结构141，以增加导光层14的正向出光效率与均匀度。在一实施例中，微结构层可依附于导光层14的一顶面或一底面，以辅助导光层14的导光功能。
在本发明的一实施例中，发光装置10亦可包含一扩散层15，设置于导光层14之上，如图1所示。本发明的扩散层15可由扩散片或添加扩散材料的塑胶件组成实施。然而，熟此技艺者当知，任何可将导光层14出光的光线扩散均匀的材质皆适用于本发明的扩散层15。在本发明的一实施例中，扩散层15上可额外增加一增光层(未图示)及/或偏光层(未图示)，以进一步调整出光效果。
在本发明的一实施例中，发光装置10更可包含一遮光件16，设置于导光层14与扩散层15之间。本发明的遮光件16用于遮蔽发光单元12在入光面142上方的亮区，藉此提高导光层14的均匀度。根据本发明，遮光件16的大小及相对位置可根据导光层14的挠曲弧度作调整，以达到最佳的出光效果。
在本发明的一实施例中，发光装置10亦可包含一空气层17，设置于导光层14之上，如图1所示。本发明的空气层17负责提升光线通过扩散层15后的辉度均匀性，空气层厚度最少需大于等于0mm。
在本发明的一实施例中，发光装置10亦可包含一承载件18。在一实施例中，本发明的承载件18可承载印刷电路板11、反射层12、导光层14以及一或多个发光单元12。然而，本发明的承载件18亦可进一步承载扩散层15、遮光件16以及空气层17。本发明的承载件18可使用高反射率的材质制成，或者承载件18的内侧可增加反射层，藉此得以改善导光层14侧面漏光的情况，提高光线的利用率。
在本发明的一实施例中，发光装置10可以一车载灯具(例如尾灯、剎车灯、方向灯、倒车灯、日行灯、驻车灯、牌照灯与室内灯)实施，已如上述。如图1所示，当本发明作为一车载灯具时，发光装置10更可包含一保护壳体20，与一车体30相连，以将印刷电路板11、一或多个发光单元12、反射层13、以及导光层14包覆于其中。本发明的保护壳体20更可进一步的将扩散层15、遮光件16、空气层17、以及承载件18包覆于其中，以完整的保护发光装置10的各元件。当本发明的发光装置10作为一车载灯具时，多个相同或不同形状的微结构141可依照保护壳体20的外型，排列形成一或多个弧度，以达到最佳出光效果。藉此，本发明的车载发光装置10不但在外型设计上可有更多变化，并且在照明功能上可改进其发光面的辉度均匀性。
本发明已通过以上具体实施例作一详细说明，惟以上所述者，仅用以说明本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不能限定本发明的实施范围。即凡依本发明申请范围所作的均等变化与修饰等，皆应仍属本发明专利涵盖范围内。

Claims (38)

1.一种发光装置，其特征在于，该装置包含：
一印刷电路板；
一反射层，设置于该印刷电路板之上；
一导光层，对应设置于该反射层上；以及
一或多个发光单元，设置于该导光层的一或多个侧边，使光线由该一或多个侧边进入该导光层，
其中该导光层为可挠曲一或多个弧度；以及
其中该导光层的一表面由多个微结构组合而成，以达到最佳出光效果，并增加发光面辉度均匀性。
2.如权利要求1所述的发光装置，其特征在于，该多个微结构为凸型及/或凹型微结构。
3.如权利要求1所述的发光装置，其特征在于，该多个微结构为不只一种立体形状。
4.如权利要求1所述的发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一扩散层，设置于该导光层之上。
5.如权利要求4所述的发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一遮光件，设置于该导光层与该扩散层之间。
6.如权利要求1所述的发光装置，其特征在于，该一或多个发光单元为发光二极管。
7.如权利要求4所述的发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一空气层，形成于该导光层与该扩散层之间。
8.如权利要求1所述的发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一承载件，负责承载该印刷电路板、该反射层、该导光层以及该一或多个发光单元。
9.如权利要求1所述的发光装置，其特征在于，光线进入该导光层的该侧边为凹弧形。
10.如权利要求1所述的发光装置，其特征在于，该装置装设于一车体。
11.如权利要求1所述的发光装置，其特征在于，该装置装设于任一具有方向性配光需求的物体。
12.如权利要求4所述的发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一增光层，形成于该扩散层之上。
13.如权利要求4所述的发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一偏光层，形成于该扩散层之上。
14.一种发光装置，其特征在于，该装置包含：
一印刷电路板；
一反射层，设置于该印刷电路板之上；
一导光层，对应设置于该反射层上；
一或多个发光单元，设置于该导光层的一或多个侧边，使光线由该一或多个侧边进入该导光层；以及
一可挠式微结构层，设置于该导光层的上方或下方，
其中该可挠式微结构层具有多个微结构，每个微结构具有一第一形状或一第二形状，依照该可挠式微结构层的挠曲弧度排列组合，以及
其中该第一形状至少具有一圆弧面而该第二形状至少具有一平面，以达到增光及偏光的效果。
15.如权利要求14所述的发光装置，其特征在于，该可挠式微结构层依附于该导光层的一顶面或一底面。
16.如权利要求14所述的发光装置，其特征在于，该多个微结构为凸型或凹型微结构。
17.如权利要求14所述的发光装置，其特征在于，该多个微结构为任一立体形状。
18.如权利要求14所述的发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一扩散层，设置于该导光层之上。
19.如权利要求18所述的发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一遮光件，设置于该导光层与该扩散层之间。
20.如权利要求14所述的发光装置，其特征在于，该一或多个发光单元为发光二极管。
21.如权利要求18所述的发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一空气层，形成于该导光层与该扩散层之间。
22.如权利要求14所述的发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一承载件，负责承载该印刷电路板、该反射层、该一或多个发光单元、该可挠式微结构层以及该导光层。
23.如权利要求14所述的发光装置，其特征在于，光线进入该导光层的该侧边为凹弧形。
24.如权利要求14所述的发光装置，其特征在于，该装置装设于一车体。
25.如权利要求14所述的发光装置，其特征在于，该装置装设于任一具有方向性配光需求的物体。
26.如权利要求18所述的发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一增光层，形成于该扩散层之上。
27.如权利要求18所述的发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一偏光层，形成于该扩散层之上。
28.一种车载发光装置，其特征在于，该装置包含：
一印刷电路板，电性耦接一车体；
一反射层，设置于该印刷电路板之上；
一导光层，对应设置于该反射层上；
一或多个发光单元，设置于该导光层的一或多个侧边，使光线由该一或多个侧边进入该导光层；以及
一保护壳体，与该车体连结，以将该印刷电路板、该反射层、该一或多个发光单元、以及该导光层包覆于其中，
其中该导光层为可挠曲一或多个弧度；以及
其中该导光层的一表面由多个微结构依照该保护壳体的外型排列组合而成，以达到最佳出光效果。
29.如权利要求28所述的车载发光装置，其特征在于，该多个微结构为凸型及/或凹型微结构。
30.如权利要求28所述的车载发光装置，其特征在于，该多个微结构为不只一种立体形状。
31.如权利要求28所述的车载发光装置，其特征在于，更包含一扩散层，设置于该导光层之上，并包覆于该保护壳体内。
32.如权利要求31所述的车载发光装置，更包含一遮光件，设置于该导光层与该扩散层之间，并包覆于该保护壳体内。
33.如权利要求28所述的车载发光装置，其中该一或多个发光单元为发光二极管。
34.如权利要求31所述的车载发光装置，更包含一空气层，形成于该导光层与该扩散层之间。
35.如权利要求28所述的车载发光装置，更包含一承载件，负责承载该印刷电路板、该反射层、该导光层以及该一或多个发光单元。
36.如权利要求28所述的车载发光装置，其中光线进入该可挠式导光层的该侧边为凹弧形。
37.如权利要求31所述的车载发光装置，更包含一增光层，形成于该扩散层之上。
38.如权利要求31所述的车载发光装置，更包含一偏光层，形成于该扩散层之上。
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