CN108605758A - A kind of cultural method of potato - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN108605758A CN108605758A CN201810351515.4A CN201810351515A CN108605758A CN 108605758 A CN108605758 A CN 108605758A CN 201810351515 A CN201810351515 A CN 201810351515A CN 108605758 A CN108605758 A CN 108605758A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural methods of potato, include the following steps：（1）Seeds preprocess；（2）Sterilizing；（3）Vernalization；（4）Apply fertilizer mound：The cultivating soil that fertile soil property, good permeability, organic matter enrich, water conservation and keeping fertility are strong is collected, and applies base manure in the cultivating soil, and the cultivating soil is piled with the hollow mound for stretching root zone；（5）Transplanting：The potato seed is migrated into the mound, and root zone cultivation is stretched around described；（6）Topdressing and watering；（7）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The potato cultural method of the present invention, the insecticide of sprinkling is free of farm chemical ingredients, food security can have been ensured to avoid harmful farm chemical ingredients are introduced, simultaneously, differentiation and the degrees of expansion of potato root tuber can also be effectively improved, in addition, this method has at low cost, high income, the advantages that facilitating is managed, large-scale potato cultivation cultivation is suitble to.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of potato.
Background technology
Chinese the earth, produce are abundant, bring up 5,000 years civilization of the Chinese nation, plant is even more that type is various, innumerable.
It include just the potato that the mankind are generated with extremely far-reaching effect in these plants.Along with the development of agricultural, the cultural method of potato
Also significant progress has been obtained, yield per unit area is also higher and higher.
Currently, potato is mainly concentrated mainly on root tuber part for the part that the mankind eat, therefore, in potato cultivation
In, the degrees of expansion of root tuber how is improved, just seeming is even more important.
However, existing potato cultural method, the degrees of expansion of root tuber and the differentiation degree of root tuber can not also much expire
Sufficient human wants, the reason of leading to these problems, essentially consist in, and the root tuber of potato is by the pressure of soil, the expansion journey of root tuber
Spend limited, under the excessive pressure of soil, lateral root side stem number amount is very few, and some lateral root side stems can not form root tuber.In addition, native
Beans also easily catch pest and disease damage in outdoor planting, although the yield reduction of income caused by pest and disease damage can be reduced by applying certain pesticide
The problem of, still, apply pesticide but can generate threat to the safety of food.
Therefore, new potato cultivation technique is explored, and it is current extremely important how to realize that safety and high yield have become
Project.
Based on this, it is necessary to a kind of cultural method of potato is provided, to reach the degrees of expansion and the reduction that improve root tuber
The problem of pest and disease damage.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned analysis to the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of cultural method of potato, and the swollen of root tuber can be improved
Swollen degree and reduction pest and disease damage.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of cultural method of potato, includes the following steps：
（1）Seeds preprocess：Selection is loose plentiful, and color of the leather is bright, and meat is fresh, the ripe potato of hard texture, and by mature soil
After beans are cut into root tuber, micro- solarization 3-6h in daylight conditions after wound healing, obtains potato seed；
（2）Sterilizing：The potato seed is immersed in thimerosal and is sterilized, then, is shone 2-4 days in daylight conditions, until
The potato the surface of the seed is shinny；
（3）Vernalization：The potato seed of sterilizing is positioned over interior, stacking in heaps, and covers upper insulating layer, the 1 to 5th
It, keeps potato heap temperature at 18-20 DEG C；6th to 10 day, keep potato heap temperature at 25-28 DEG C；It 11 to 15th day, keeps
Potato heap temperature makes potato seed sprout at 20-22 DEG C；
（4）Apply fertilizer mound：The cultivating soil that fertile soil property, good permeability, organic matter enrich, water conservation and keeping fertility are strong is collected, and
Apply base manure in the cultivating soil, and the cultivating soil is piled with the hollow mound for stretching root zone；
（5）Transplanting：The potato seed is migrated into the mound, and root zone cultivation is stretched around described；
（6）Topdressing and watering：After having transplanted, watering is primary；After potato emergence, top dressing is carried out, by organic fertilizer and water according to 1:2 carry out
It is poured after mixing；Potato Post flowering, is applied fertilizer again, by high-quality organic fertilizer：N P and K and water are according to 2:1:3 ratio
It is sprinkled upon by potato plant after mixing；
（7）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Spraying insecticide is diluted to 800-1200 times when being sprayed to potato in potato produces and develops
Water spray.
Preferably, the step（1）In, ripe potato is cut into 5-10cm root tubers.
Preferably, the step（2）In, thimerosal includes：The carbendazim powder of 3-5wt%, the ammonium phosphate of 0.1-0.3wt%,
Surplus is purified water.
Preferably, the step（3）In, insulating layer is cow dung, humic straw or humic sawdust.
Preferably, the step（4）In, base manure includes each component of following mass parts：50-60 parts of oil tea slag decomposed has
60-80 parts of 80-100 parts of machine fertilizer, livestock 140-160 parts of excrement of urine and stalk disintegrating slag.
Preferably, the applying method of the base manure is：First base manure is mixed with cultivating soil, then, base manure upon mixing
Spread the cultivating soil of last layer 15-25cm thickness again with the surface of cultivating soil.
Preferably, the step（7）In, insecticide includes each component of following mass parts：It is 10 parts -12 parts of Golden Larch Bark, sweet
10 parts -12 parts of pine, 10 parts -12 parts of the tuber of stemona, 10 parts -12 parts of chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium, 8 parts -10 parts of the coptis, 10 parts -12 parts of withy, bubble
10 parts -12 parts of paulownia, 10 parts -12 parts of paulownia sawdust.
Preferably, the method for producing insecticide is：Each raw material is weighed by above-mentioned mass parts, pulverizer is added and crushes
Afterwards, it is then uniformly mixed, with the ethyl alcohol or extracted by ether of 60%-75%, obtains insecticide.
Compared with prior art, the present invention the present invention has following advantageous effect：
（1）The insecticide of the potato cultural method of the present invention, sprinkling is free of farm chemical ingredients, can be harmful to avoid introducing
Farm chemical ingredients have ensured food security, at the same time it can also effectively improve differentiation and the degrees of expansion of potato root tuber, in addition, our
Method has at low cost, and high income manages the advantages that facilitating, and is suitble to the cultivation cultivation of large-scale potato.
（2）Hypertrophy is plentiful, color of the leather is bright, meat is fresh, the ripe potato of hard texture by choosing by the present invention, it can be ensured that
Obtained potato seed is rich in nutritional ingredient, and then can improve germination percentage, meanwhile, also plumule can be made more sturdy, be conducive to follow-up
Transplanting and growth.
（3）By immersing potato seed in thimerosal, sterilizing can be carried out to potato seed, to extend potato kind
The storage life of son.Meanwhile above-mentioned solarization condition, the water content of potato seed can also be reduced, potato seed respiration is slowed down
Spent nutritional ingredient is conducive to the deposit of nutritional ingredient needed for follow-up vernalization and growth.
（4）For the present invention by being piled with the hollow mound for stretching root zone by cultivating soil, it is hollow-core construction that this, which stretches root zone,
It is stretched into root zone conducive to the root system of potato, can effectively slow down the pressure of potato block Furcation defects and the suffered soil of expansion
Power, to improve differentiation and the degrees of expansion of potato root tuber.
Specific implementation mode
Form by the following examples is described in further detail the above of the present invention again, but should not be by this
The range for being interpreted as the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment, all based on the technology realized belonging to the above of the present invention
It all belongs to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of potato, includes the following steps：
（1）Seeds preprocess：Selection is loose plentiful, and color of the leather is bright, and meat is fresh, the ripe potato of hard texture, and by mature soil
After beans are cut into root tuber, micro- solarization 3h in daylight conditions after wound healing, obtains potato seed；
（2）Sterilizing：The potato seed is immersed in thimerosal and is sterilized, then, is shone 2 days in daylight conditions, Zhi Daosuo
It is shinny to state potato the surface of the seed；
（3）Vernalization：The potato seed of sterilizing is positioned over interior, stacking in heaps, and covers upper insulating layer, the 1 to 5th
It, keeps potato heap temperature at 18 DEG C；6th to 10 day, keep potato heap temperature at 25 DEG C；11 to 15th day, keep potato heap
Temperature makes potato seed sprout at 20 DEG C；
（4）Apply fertilizer mound：The cultivating soil that fertile soil property, good permeability, organic matter enrich, water conservation and keeping fertility are strong is collected, and
Apply base manure in the cultivating soil, and the cultivating soil is piled with the hollow mound for stretching root zone；
（5）Transplanting：The potato seed is migrated into the mound, and root zone cultivation is stretched around described；
（6）Topdressing and watering：After having transplanted, watering is primary；After potato emergence, top dressing is carried out, by organic fertilizer and water according to 1:2 carry out
It is poured after mixing；Potato Post flowering, is applied fertilizer again, by high-quality organic fertilizer：N P and K and water are according to 2:1:3 ratio
It is sprinkled upon by potato plant after mixing；
（7）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The spraying insecticide in potato produces and develops when being sprayed to potato, is diluted to 800 times of water sprays
Mist.
Wherein, the step（1）In, ripe potato is cut into 5cm root tubers.
Wherein, the step（2）In, thimerosal includes：The carbendazim powder of 3wt%, the ammonium phosphate of 0.1wt%, surplus are pure
Change water.
Wherein, the step（3）In, insulating layer is cow dung, humic straw or humic sawdust.
Wherein, the step（4）In, base manure includes each component of following mass parts：50 parts of oil tea slag, decomposed manure 80
60 parts of part, livestock 140 parts of excrement of urine and stalk disintegrating slag.
Wherein, the applying method of the base manure is：First base manure is mixed with cultivating soil, then, upon mixing base manure and
The cultivating soil of last layer 15cm thickness is spread again in the surface of cultivating soil.
Wherein, the step（7）In, insecticide includes each component of following mass parts：10 parts -12 parts of Golden Larch Bark, rhizoma nardostachyos
10 parts, 10 parts of the tuber of stemona, 10 parts of chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium, 8 parts of the coptis, 10 parts of withy, 10 parts of fortune paulownia flower, 10 parts of paulownia sawdust.
Wherein, the method for producing insecticide is：Each raw material is weighed by above-mentioned mass parts, after pulverizer crushing is added,
Then it is uniformly mixed, the ethyl alcohol with 60% or extracted by ether obtain insecticide.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of potato, includes the following steps：
（1）Seeds preprocess：Selection is loose plentiful, and color of the leather is bright, and meat is fresh, the ripe potato of hard texture, and by mature soil
After beans are cut into root tuber, micro- solarization 6h in daylight conditions after wound healing, obtains potato seed；
（2）Sterilizing：The potato seed is immersed in thimerosal and is sterilized, then, is shone 4 days in daylight conditions, Zhi Daosuo
It is shinny to state potato the surface of the seed；
（3）Vernalization：The potato seed of sterilizing is positioned over interior, stacking in heaps, and covers upper insulating layer, the 1 to 5th
It, keeps potato heap temperature at 20 DEG C；6th to 10 day, keep potato heap temperature at 28 DEG C；11 to 15th day, keep potato heap
Temperature makes potato seed sprout at 22 DEG C；
（4）Apply fertilizer mound：The cultivating soil that fertile soil property, good permeability, organic matter enrich, water conservation and keeping fertility are strong is collected, and
Apply base manure in the cultivating soil, and the cultivating soil is piled with the hollow mound for stretching root zone；
（5）Transplanting：The potato seed is migrated into the mound, and root zone cultivation is stretched around described；
（6）Topdressing and watering：After having transplanted, watering is primary；After potato emergence, top dressing is carried out, by organic fertilizer and water according to 1:2 carry out
It is poured after mixing；Potato Post flowering, is applied fertilizer again, by high-quality organic fertilizer：N P and K and water are according to 2:1:3 ratio
It is sprinkled upon by potato plant after mixing；
（7）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The spraying insecticide in potato produces and develops when being sprayed to potato, is diluted to 1200 times of water sprays
Mist.
Wherein, the step（1）In, ripe potato is cut into 10cm root tubers.
Wherein, the step（2）In, thimerosal includes：The carbendazim powder of 5wt%, the ammonium phosphate of 0.3wt%, surplus are pure
Change water.
Wherein, the step（3）In, insulating layer is cow dung, humic straw or humic sawdust.
Wherein, the step（4）In, base manure includes each component of following mass parts：60 parts of oil tea slag, decomposed manure
80 parts of 100 parts, livestock 160 parts of excrement of urine and stalk disintegrating slag.
Wherein, the applying method of the base manure is：First base manure is mixed with cultivating soil, then, upon mixing base manure and
The cultivating soil of last layer 25cm thickness is spread again in the surface of cultivating soil.
Wherein, the step（7）In, insecticide includes each component of following mass parts：12 parts of Golden Larch Bark, 12 parts of rhizoma nardostachyos,
12 parts of the tuber of stemona, 12 parts of chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium, 10 parts of the coptis, 12 parts of withy, 12 parts of fortune paulownia flower, 12 parts of paulownia sawdust.
Wherein, the method for producing insecticide is：Each raw material is weighed by above-mentioned mass parts, after pulverizer crushing is added,
Then it is uniformly mixed, the ethyl alcohol with 75% or extracted by ether obtain insecticide.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of potato, includes the following steps：
（1）Seeds preprocess：Selection is loose plentiful, and color of the leather is bright, and meat is fresh, the ripe potato of hard texture, and by mature soil
After beans are cut into root tuber, micro- solarization 5h in daylight conditions after wound healing, obtains potato seed；
（2）Sterilizing：The potato seed is immersed in thimerosal and is sterilized, then, is shone 2-4 days in daylight conditions, until
The potato the surface of the seed is shinny；
（3）Vernalization：The potato seed of sterilizing is positioned over interior, stacking in heaps, and covers upper insulating layer, the 1 to 5th
It, keeps potato heap temperature at 19 DEG C；6th to 10 day, keep potato heap temperature at 27 DEG C；11 to 15th day, keep potato heap
Temperature makes potato seed sprout at 21 DEG C；
（4）Apply fertilizer mound：The cultivating soil that fertile soil property, good permeability, organic matter enrich, water conservation and keeping fertility are strong is collected, and
Apply base manure in the cultivating soil, and the cultivating soil is piled with the hollow mound for stretching root zone；
（5）Transplanting：The potato seed is migrated into the mound, and root zone cultivation is stretched around described；
（6）Topdressing and watering：After having transplanted, watering is primary；After potato emergence, top dressing is carried out, by organic fertilizer and water according to 1:2 carry out
It is poured after mixing；Potato Post flowering, is applied fertilizer again, by high-quality organic fertilizer：N P and K and water are according to 2:1:3 ratio
It is sprinkled upon by potato plant after mixing；
（7）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The spraying insecticide in potato produces and develops when being sprayed to potato, is diluted to 1000 times of water sprays
Mist.
Wherein, the step（1）In, ripe potato is cut into 7cm root tubers.
Wherein, the step（2）In, thimerosal includes：The carbendazim powder of 4wt%, the ammonium phosphate of 0.2wt%, surplus are pure
Change water.
Wherein, the step（3）In, insulating layer is cow dung, humic straw or humic sawdust.
Wherein, the step（4）In, base manure includes each component of following mass parts：55 parts of oil tea slag, decomposed manure 90
70 parts of part, livestock 150 parts of excrement of urine and stalk disintegrating slag.
Wherein, the applying method of the base manure is：First base manure is mixed with cultivating soil, then, upon mixing base manure and
The cultivating soil of last layer 20cm thickness is spread again in the surface of cultivating soil.
Wherein, the step（7）In, insecticide includes each component of following mass parts：11 parts of Golden Larch Bark, 11 parts of rhizoma nardostachyos,
11 parts of the tuber of stemona, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium 11,9 parts of the coptis, 11 parts of withy, 11 parts of fortune paulownia flower, 11 parts of paulownia sawdust.
Wherein, the method for producing insecticide is：Each raw material is weighed by above-mentioned mass parts, after pulverizer crushing is added,
Then it is uniformly mixed, the ethyl alcohol with 65% or extracted by ether obtain insecticide.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cultural method of potato, includes the following steps：
（1）Seeds preprocess：Selection is loose plentiful, and color of the leather is bright, and meat is fresh, the ripe potato of hard texture, and by mature soil
After beans are cut into root tuber, micro- solarization 4h in daylight conditions after wound healing, obtains potato seed；
（2）Sterilizing：The potato seed is immersed in thimerosal and is sterilized, then, is shone 2.5 days in daylight conditions, until
The potato the surface of the seed is shinny；
（3）Vernalization：The potato seed of sterilizing is positioned over interior, stacking in heaps, and covers upper insulating layer, the 1 to 5th
It, keeps potato heap temperature at 18 DEG C；6th to 10 day, keep potato heap temperature at 28 DEG C；11 to 15th day, keep potato heap
Temperature makes potato seed sprout at 22 DEG C；
（4）Apply fertilizer mound：The cultivating soil that fertile soil property, good permeability, organic matter enrich, water conservation and keeping fertility are strong is collected, and
Apply base manure in the cultivating soil, and the cultivating soil is piled with the hollow mound for stretching root zone；
（5）Transplanting：The potato seed is migrated into the mound, and root zone cultivation is stretched around described；
（6）Topdressing and watering：After having transplanted, watering is primary；After potato emergence, top dressing is carried out, by organic fertilizer and water according to 1:2 carry out
It is poured after mixing；Potato Post flowering, is applied fertilizer again, by high-quality organic fertilizer：N P and K and water are according to 2:1:3 ratio
It is sprinkled upon by potato plant after mixing；
（7）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The spraying insecticide in potato produces and develops when being sprayed to potato, is diluted to 900 times of water sprays
Mist.
Wherein, the step（1）In, ripe potato is cut into 9cm root tubers.
Wherein, the step（2）In, thimerosal includes：The carbendazim powder of 3wt%, the ammonium phosphate of 0.3wt%, surplus are pure
Change water.
Wherein, the step（3）In, insulating layer is cow dung, humic straw or humic sawdust.
Wherein, the step（4）In, base manure includes each component of following mass parts：50 parts of oil tea slag, decomposed manure 85
65 parts of part, livestock 145 parts of excrement of urine and stalk disintegrating slag.
Wherein, the applying method of the base manure is：First base manure is mixed with cultivating soil, then, upon mixing base manure and
The cultivating soil of last layer 18cm thickness is spread again in the surface of cultivating soil.
Wherein, the step（7）In, insecticide includes each component of following mass parts：11 parts of Golden Larch Bark, 10 parts of rhizoma nardostachyos,
12 parts of the tuber of stemona, 11 parts of chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium, 90 parts of the coptis, 12 parts of withy, 12 parts of fortune paulownia flower, 10 parts of paulownia sawdust.
Wherein, the method for producing insecticide is：Each raw material is weighed by above-mentioned mass parts, after pulverizer crushing is added,
Then it is uniformly mixed, the ethyl alcohol with 70% or extracted by ether obtain insecticide.
Embodiment 5
A kind of cultural method of potato, includes the following steps：
（1）Seeds preprocess：Selection is loose plentiful, and color of the leather is bright, and meat is fresh, the ripe potato of hard texture, and by mature soil
After beans are cut into root tuber, micro- solarization 5h in daylight conditions after wound healing, obtains potato seed；
（2）Sterilizing：The potato seed is immersed in thimerosal and is sterilized, then, is shone 4 days in daylight conditions, Zhi Daosuo
It is shinny to state potato the surface of the seed；
（3）Vernalization：The potato seed of sterilizing is positioned over interior, stacking in heaps, and covers upper insulating layer, the 1 to 5th
It, keeps potato heap temperature at 20 DEG C；6th to 10 day, keep potato heap temperature at 25 DEG C；11 to 15th day, keep potato heap
Temperature makes potato seed sprout at 20 DEG C；
（4）Apply fertilizer mound：The cultivating soil that fertile soil property, good permeability, organic matter enrich, water conservation and keeping fertility are strong is collected, and
Apply base manure in the cultivating soil, and the cultivating soil is piled with the hollow mound for stretching root zone；
（5）Transplanting：The potato seed is migrated into the mound, and root zone cultivation is stretched around described；
（6）Topdressing and watering：After having transplanted, watering is primary；After potato emergence, top dressing is carried out, by organic fertilizer and water according to 1:2 carry out
It is poured after mixing；Potato Post flowering, is applied fertilizer again, by high-quality organic fertilizer：N P and K and water are according to 2:1:3 ratio
It is sprinkled upon by potato plant after mixing；
（7）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The spraying insecticide in potato produces and develops when being sprayed to potato, is diluted to 1100 times of water sprays
Mist.
Wherein, the step（1）In, ripe potato is cut into 6cm root tubers.
Wherein, the step（2）In, thimerosal includes：The carbendazim powder of 3wt%, the ammonium phosphate of 0.3wt%, surplus are pure
Change water.
Wherein, the step（3）In, insulating layer is cow dung, humic straw or humic sawdust.
Wherein, the step（4）In, base manure includes each component of following mass parts：50 parts of oil tea slag, decomposed manure 95
65 parts of part, livestock 155 parts of excrement of urine and stalk disintegrating slag.
Wherein, the applying method of the base manure is：First base manure is mixed with cultivating soil, then, upon mixing base manure and
The cultivating soil of last layer 15cm thickness is spread again in the surface of cultivating soil.
Wherein, the step（7）In, insecticide includes each component of following mass parts：12 parts of Golden Larch Bark, 10 parts of rhizoma nardostachyos,
10 parts of the tuber of stemona, 11 parts of chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium, 8 parts of the coptis, 12 parts of withy, 10 parts of fortune paulownia flower, 12 parts of paulownia sawdust.
Wherein, the method for producing insecticide is：Each raw material is weighed by above-mentioned mass parts, after pulverizer crushing is added,
Then it is uniformly mixed, the ethyl alcohol with 60% or extracted by ether obtain insecticide.
In conclusion the potato cultural method of the present invention, the insecticide of sprinkling is free of farm chemical ingredients, can be to avoid introducing pair
The harmful farm chemical ingredients of human body, have ensured food security, at the same time it can also effectively improve differentiation and the expansion journey of potato root tuber
Degree, in addition, this method has at low cost, high income manages the advantages that facilitating, and is suitble to the cultivation cultivation of large-scale potato.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, although with reference to aforementioned reality
Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution recorded in example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.All essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of cultural method of potato, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
（1）Seeds preprocess：Selection is loose plentiful, and color of the leather is bright, and meat is fresh, the ripe potato of hard texture, and by mature soil
After beans are cut into root tuber, micro- solarization 3-6h in daylight conditions after wound healing, obtains potato seed；
（2）Sterilizing：The potato seed is immersed in thimerosal and is sterilized, then, is shone 2-4 days in daylight conditions, until
The potato the surface of the seed is shinny；
（3）Vernalization：The potato seed of sterilizing is positioned over interior, stacking in heaps, and covers upper insulating layer, the 1 to 5th
It, keeps potato heap temperature at 18-20 DEG C；6th to 10 day, keep potato heap temperature at 25-28 DEG C；It 11 to 15th day, keeps
Potato heap temperature makes potato seed sprout at 20-22 DEG C；
（4）Apply fertilizer mound：The cultivating soil that fertile soil property, good permeability, organic matter enrich, water conservation and keeping fertility are strong is collected, and
Apply base manure in the cultivating soil, and the cultivating soil is piled with the hollow mound for stretching root zone；
（5）Transplanting：The potato seed is migrated into the mound, and root zone cultivation is stretched around described；
（6）Topdressing and watering：After having transplanted, watering is primary；After potato emergence, top dressing is carried out, by organic fertilizer and water according to 1:2 carry out
It is poured after mixing；Potato Post flowering, is applied fertilizer again, by high-quality organic fertilizer：N P and K and water are according to 2:1:3 ratio
It is sprinkled upon by potato plant after mixing；
（7）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Spraying insecticide is diluted to 800-1200 times when being sprayed to potato in potato produces and develops
Water spray.
2. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（1）In, ripe potato is cut into
5-10cm root tubers.
3. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（2）In, thimerosal includes：
The carbendazim powder of 3-5wt%, the ammonium phosphate of 0.1-0.3wt%, surplus are purified water.
4. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（3）In, insulating layer is ox
Excrement, humic straw or humic sawdust.
5. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（4）In, base manure includes as follows
The each component of mass parts：50-60 parts of oil tea slag, 80-100 parts of decomposed manure, livestock 140-160 parts of excrement of urine and stalk disintegrating slag
60-80 parts.
6. the cultural method of potato according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the applying method of the base manure is：First will
Base manure is mixed with cultivating soil, and then, the cultivation of last layer 15-25cm thickness is spread on the surface of base manure and cultivating soil again upon mixing
Soil.
7. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（7）In, insecticide includes such as
The each component of lower mass parts：10 parts -12 parts of Golden Larch Bark, 10 parts -12 parts of rhizoma nardostachyos, 10 parts -12 parts of the tuber of stemona, 10 parts of chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium -
12 parts, 8 parts -10 parts of the coptis, 10 parts -12 parts of withy, 10 parts -12 parts of fortune paulownia flower, 10 parts -12 parts of paulownia sawdust.
8. the cultural method of potato according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the method for producing insecticide is：It presses
Above-mentioned mass parts weigh each raw material, after pulverizer crushing is added, is then uniformly mixed, is carried with the ethyl alcohol of 60%-75% or ether
It takes, obtains insecticide.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103988654A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-08-20 | 李平 | Cultivation method for vernal potatoes |
| CN104322254A (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2015-02-04 | 吴长江 | Cultivation method for potatoes and cultivation system |
| CN104956910A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-07 | 李翔 | High-quality and high-efficiency cultivation method of potatoes in winter and summer |
| CN105210646A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-06 | 吴燕 | A kind of cultivation method of potato |
-
2018
- 2018-04-19 CN CN201810351515.4A patent/CN108605758A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103988654A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-08-20 | 李平 | Cultivation method for vernal potatoes |
| CN104322254A (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2015-02-04 | 吴长江 | Cultivation method for potatoes and cultivation system |
| CN104956910A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-07 | 李翔 | High-quality and high-efficiency cultivation method of potatoes in winter and summer |
| CN105210646A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-06 | 吴燕 | A kind of cultivation method of potato |
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