CN108541435A - Hot-zone rice and capsicum crop rotation reduce the nutrient combo fertilizer applications of fertilizer amount - Google Patents
Hot-zone rice and capsicum crop rotation reduce the nutrient combo fertilizer applications of fertilizer amount Download PDFInfo
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- CN108541435A CN108541435A CN201810331059.7A CN201810331059A CN108541435A CN 108541435 A CN108541435 A CN 108541435A CN 201810331059 A CN201810331059 A CN 201810331059A CN 108541435 A CN108541435 A CN 108541435A
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- fertilizer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses the nutrient combo fertilizer applications that a kind of hot-zone rice and capsicum crop rotation reduce fertilizer amount, it is related to agricultural plantation technology field.It includes cultivating capsicum rice shoot, and charcoal base organic fertilizer, capsicum transplanting are applied according to soil fertility, suitable formula fertilizer special is imposed in vegetative growth phase and reproductive stage, behind the clear garden of capsicum, arable land and soaked field, Rice Cropping are carried out, urea is applied after rice striking root, boot stage applies Gao Jia types composite fertilizer, meets the nutrient demand in entire rice growing season, uses combine harvester by rice straw total crop return after rice maturation, soaked field, draining are ready for next batch of plantation.The present invention can reduce torrid areas rice capsicum crop rotation cropping pattern fertilizer amount, increase soil fertility and crop yield, reduce nutrient loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to torrid areas rice-capsicum crop rotation implant system
The whole nutrient combo fertilizer applications of soil fertility.
Background technology
Torrid areas farmland multiple crop index is high, crop biomass is big, and the nutrient taken away from farmland is more, soil nutrient is barren,
Energy imbalance is very universal, and peasant household, enterprise recognize fertilizer requirement for crop growth rule, balance fertilizing principle inadequate, weighting chemistry
The input of fertilizer, custom earth's surface are spread fertilizer over the fields, and huge fertilizer loss is caused.Rice-capsicum crop rotation cropping pattern, is that hot-zone is main
One of cropping pattern and the important producing region of China's winter outdoor vegetables, but due to there is the problems such as blindly applying fertilizer, cause crop total
Low yield not before, and that a situation arises is serious for pest and disease damage.To solve the above-mentioned problems, a kind of raising torrid areas water is designed
The whole nutrient combo fertilizer applications of rice-capsicum crop rotation implant system soil fertility are particularly necessary.
Invention content
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, subtracting purpose of the present invention is to be to provide a kind of hot-zone rice and capsicum crop rotation
The nutrient combo fertilizer applications of few fertilizer amount, can reduce torrid areas rice-capsicum crop rotation cropping pattern fertilizer amount, carry
High soil fertility and crop yield reduce nutrient loss, use easy to spread.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention is to realize by the following technical solutions：Hot-zone rice and capsicum crop rotation
The nutrient combo fertilizer applications of fertilizer amount are reduced, including：
(1) capsicum rice shoot is cultivated, the nurturing period carries out moisture and temperature management；
(2) base manure is applied according to soil fertility before site preparation, spreads fertilizer over the fields 600~1000 kilograms of charcoal base organic fertilizer per acre, with
It turns over and is uniformly mixed with soil, this measure can improve soil pH, organic matter and nutrient content；
(3) 25~40 kilograms of 15-15-15 composite fertilizers are applied before ridging per acre at ridging, are mixed into the soil body, 1.2 meters or so of row spacing,
0.3 meter or so of furrow width, overlay film on ridge are sprayed under film, and water-fertilizer integral is conducive to water-saving, section fertilizer；
(4) capsicum is transplanted in September to October, and after transplanting slow seedling, capsicum applies 22-8-10 high nitrogen types special fertilizer 3~4 per acre
Kilogram, liquid manure is supplied simultaneously after fertilizer dissolving；
(5) after capsicum blooms, 15- is sprayed according to Pepper Leaves color and upgrowth situation per acre into introduction green pepper growth expanding stage
30~40 kilograms of 12-18 high potassium types special fertilizer；
(6) it steps into and, according to capsicum growing way, 15- is sprayed per acre every time after picking to green pepper, four door sockets, octahedral wind collecting period
30~40 kilograms of 12-18 high potassium types special fertilizer；
(7) it behind the clear garden of capsicum, is ploughed, soaked field, prepares rice cultivation and remain in soil since preceding stubble capsicum dose is big
In nutrient it is more, rice growing season applies fertilizer in period of seedling establishment and boot stage；
(8) after rice striking root per acre apply 6~10 kilograms of urea, boot stage per acre apply 11-7-22 Gao Jia types composite fertilizer 30~
35 kilograms, you can meet the nutrient demand in entire rice growing season；
(9) combine harvester is used after rice maturation, by rice straw total crop return, using rainfall or the soaked field 7~10 days of discharging water,
Water layer keeps 3~5 cm to be advisable, and to promote rice straw decomposition, is then drained, and is ready for next batch of plantation.
Preferably, the cultivation capsicum rice shoot uses the hanging seedling raising manners of seedlings nursing plate, to reduce soil-borne disease；Seedling
Seedling is cultivated 40 days or so, and nurturing period day temperature 25 C~30 C, night 20 C~25 C are advisable, and is conducive to Hot Pepper Seedling growth
Neatly, excessive growth is prevented.
Preferably, to carry out 5~7 days hardenings before the described capsicum transplanting, achieve the purpose that robust seedling, neat.
Preferably, applying suitable charcoal base organic fertilizer before the pepper planting to improve acid soil.Different
Nutrient growth and reproductive stage impose suitable high nitrogen type or high potassium type special fertilizer by way of being sprayed under film.
Preferably, imposing suitable urea after the rice striking root, suitable Gao Jia types composite fertilizer is imposed in boot stage.
Rice straw total crop return carries out soaked field and draining using adequate measures.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The program effectively reduces fertilizer amount, reduces fertilizer loss, and increase soil fertility,
Crop yield is promoted, nutrient loss is reduced.
Specific implementation mode
To make the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention be easy to understand, with reference to
Specific implementation mode, the present invention is further explained.
Present embodiment uses following technical scheme：Hot-zone rice and capsicum crop rotation reduce the nutrition set of fertilizer amount
Meal fertilizer applications, including：
(1) capsicum rice shoot is cultivated, seedling cultivation 40 days or so cultivates capsicum rice shoot and uses the hanging seedling raising manners of seedlings nursing plate, so as to
Reduce soil-borne disease；Nurturing period carries out moisture and temperature management, and nurturing period day temperature 25 C~30 C, 20 C of night~
25 C are advisable, and are conducive to Hot Pepper Seedling growth neatly, prevent excessive growth；
(2) base manure is applied according to soil fertility before site preparation, spreads fertilizer over the fields 600~1000 kilograms of charcoal base organic fertilizer per acre, with
It turns over and is uniformly mixed with soil, this measure can improve soil pH, organic matter and nutrient content；
(3) 25~40 kilograms of 15-15-15 composite fertilizers are applied before ridging per acre at ridging, are mixed into the soil body, 1.2 meters or so of row spacing,
0.3 meter or so of furrow width, overlay film on ridge are sprayed under film, and water-fertilizer integral is conducive to water-saving, section fertilizer；
(4) capsicum is transplanted in September to October, and 5~7 days hardenings are carried out before capsicum transplanting, reach robust seedling, neat mesh
's；After transplanting slow seedling, capsicum applies 3~4 kilograms of 22-8-10 high nitrogen types special fertilizer per acre, and liquid manure is supplied simultaneously after fertilizer dissolving；
(5) after capsicum blooms, 15- is sprayed according to Pepper Leaves color and upgrowth situation per acre into introduction green pepper growth expanding stage
30~40 kilograms of 12-18 high potassium types special fertilizer；
(6) it steps into and, according to capsicum growing way, 15- is sprayed per acre every time after picking to green pepper, four door sockets, octahedral wind collecting period
30~40 kilograms of 12-18 high potassium types special fertilizer；
(7) it behind the clear garden of capsicum, is ploughed, soaked field, prepares rice cultivation and remain in soil since preceding stubble capsicum dose is big
In nutrient it is more, rice growing season applies fertilizer in period of seedling establishment and boot stage；
(8) after rice striking root per acre apply 6~10 kilograms of urea, boot stage per acre apply 11-7-22 Gao Jia types composite fertilizer 30~
35 kilograms, you can meet the nutrient demand in entire rice growing season；
(9) combine harvester is used after rice maturation, by rice straw total crop return, using rainfall or the soaked field 7~10 days of discharging water,
Water layer keeps 3~5 cm to be advisable, and to promote rice straw decomposition, is then drained, and is ready for next batch of plantation.
It is worth noting that, applying suitable charcoal base organic fertilizer before the pepper planting to improve acid soil.Not
Same nutrient growth and reproductive stage imposes suitable high nitrogen type or high potassium type special fertilizer by way of being sprayed under film.
In addition, imposing suitable urea after the rice striking root, suitable Gao Jia types composite fertilizer is imposed in boot stage.Rice straw
Total crop return carries out soaked field and draining using adequate measures.
Present embodiment passes through in the 3 years field trials in Hainan Province Dengmai County, the results showed that rice yield improves
5.8~12.0%, rice season nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium utilization rate be respectively increased 6.7~11.5%, 1.6~5.1%, 9.5~
16.4%.Yield of hot pepper improves 6.6~13.5%, and capsicum quaternary nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium utilization rate are respectively increased 2.3~6.5%, 1.2
~2.6%, 8.3~14.0%；Soil nutrient and acidification situation are improved, and wherein soil pH improves 0.17~0.39 unit,
Organic matter increases by 0.8~1.5%.
Present embodiment, which makes entire rice-capsicum crop rotation systems every year, can reduce 25% or more chemical fertilizer, subtract significantly
Few torrid areas rice-capsicum crop rotation cropping pattern fertilizer amount, fertilizer utilization efficiency significantly improve, and improve crop yield, should
Scheme can not only reduce fertilizer amount, improve crop yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency, reduce nutrient loss, and can improve
Soil fertility has a vast market application prospect so that sustainable, Green Development provides technical support for tropical agriculture.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. hot-zone rice and capsicum crop rotation reduce the nutrient combo fertilizer applications of fertilizer amount, which is characterized in that including：
(1) capsicum rice shoot is cultivated, the nurturing period carries out moisture and temperature management；
(2) base manure is applied according to soil fertility before site preparation, spreads fertilizer over the fields 600~1000 kilograms of charcoal base organic fertilizer per acre, with
It turns over and is uniformly mixed with soil；
(3) 25~40 kilograms of 15-15-15 composite fertilizers are applied before ridging per acre at ridging, are mixed into the soil body, 1.2 meters of row spacing, furrow width
0.3 meter, overlay film on ridge is sprayed under film；
(4) capsicum is transplanted in September to October, and after transplanting slow seedling, capsicum applies 22-8-10 high nitrogen types special fertilizer 3~4 per acre
Kilogram, liquid manure is supplied simultaneously after fertilizer dissolving；
(5) after capsicum blooms, 15- is sprayed according to Pepper Leaves color and upgrowth situation per acre into introduction green pepper growth expanding stage
30~40 kilograms of 12-18 high potassium types special fertilizer；
(6) it steps into and, according to capsicum growing way, 15- is sprayed per acre every time after picking to green pepper, four door sockets, octahedral wind collecting period
30~40 kilograms of 12-18 high potassium types special fertilizer；
(7) it behind the clear garden of capsicum, is ploughed, soaked field, prepares rice cultivation and remain in soil since preceding stubble capsicum dose is big
In nutrient it is more, rice growing season applies fertilizer in period of seedling establishment and boot stage；
(8) after rice striking root per acre apply 6~10 kilograms of urea, boot stage per acre apply 11-7-22 Gao Jia types composite fertilizer 30~
35 kilograms, meet the nutrient demand in entire rice growing season；
(9) after rice maturation using combine harvester by rice straw total crop return, using rainfall or the soaked field 7~10 days of discharging water,
Water layer keeps 3~5 cm then to be drained to promote rice straw decomposition, is ready for next batch of plantation.
2. hot-zone rice according to claim 1 and capsicum crop rotation reduce the nutrient combo fertilizer applications of fertilizer amount,
It is characterized in that, the cultivation capsicum rice shoot uses the hanging seedling raising manners of seedlings nursing plate, to reduce soil-borne disease；Seedling cultivation 40
It, nurturing period day temperature 25 C~30 C, night 20 C~25 C are conducive to Hot Pepper Seedling growth neatly, prevent excessive growth.
3. hot-zone rice according to claim 1 and capsicum crop rotation reduce the nutrient combo fertilizer applications of fertilizer amount,
It is characterized in that, 5~7 days hardenings is carried out before capsicum transplanting, achieve the purpose that robust seedling, neat.
4. hot-zone rice according to claim 1 and capsicum crop rotation reduce the nutrient combo fertilizer applications of fertilizer amount,
It is characterized in that, charcoal base organic fertilizer is applied before the pepper planting to improve acid soil；In different nutrient growth and reproduction
Growth period imposes high nitrogen type or high potassium type special fertilizer by way of being sprayed under film.
5. hot-zone rice according to claim 1 and capsicum crop rotation reduce the nutrient combo fertilizer applications of fertilizer amount,
It is characterized in that, urea is imposed after the rice striking root, Gao Jia types composite fertilizer is imposed in boot stage；Rice straw total crop return, using arranging
It applies and carries out soaked field and draining.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810331059.7A CN108541435A (en) | 2018-04-13 | 2018-04-13 | Hot-zone rice and capsicum crop rotation reduce the nutrient combo fertilizer applications of fertilizer amount |
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| CN201810331059.7A CN108541435A (en) | 2018-04-13 | 2018-04-13 | Hot-zone rice and capsicum crop rotation reduce the nutrient combo fertilizer applications of fertilizer amount |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113754479A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-07 | 海南大学 | Special fertilizer for paddy rice after stubbles of melons and vegetables in hot areas in winter and application method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113754479A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-07 | 海南大学 | Special fertilizer for paddy rice after stubbles of melons and vegetables in hot areas in winter and application method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180918 |
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