CN108530034B - 一种满釉陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种满釉陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108530034B
CN108530034B CN201810678626.6A CN201810678626A CN108530034B CN 108530034 B CN108530034 B CN 108530034B CN 201810678626 A CN201810678626 A CN 201810678626A CN 108530034 B CN108530034 B CN 108530034B
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张节成
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Fujian Province Dehua County Taoyuanming Ceramic Culture Co ltd
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Abstract

一种满釉陶瓷及其制备方法,釉料包括以下重量份的原料:钾长石25‑28份、石英46‑52份、蒙脱石30‑35份、磁铁矿15‑18份、瓷石8‑12份、高温熔块6‑10份、白云石3‑5份、木鱼石2‑5份;高温熔块的化学百分含量为:SiO2:46‑50%、Al2O3:10‑15%、MgO:6‑8%、CaCO3:4‑5.6%、Na2O:3.2‑3.8%、Fe2O3:5.4‑6.2%、La2O3:1.5‑2.8%、BaO:1.8‑2.4%、ZnO:4.2‑4.8%、TiO2:0.8‑1.8%、Li2O:3.5‑4.2%、I.L:4‑5%,制得的陶瓷釉面光滑、不易伤到桌面,且不沾污垢、不吸味,易清洗。

Description

一种满釉陶瓷及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷制备领域,具体涉及一种满釉陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
陶瓷在我国有着十分悠久的历史,现如今已被应用在很多领域,特别是在日用品中,陶瓷制品更是随处可见,其制备工艺也早已在全世界范围内广泛使用,日用陶瓷俨然已成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分,形形色色的餐具、茶具、各类洁具等随处可见,这些陶瓷大多美观大方,造型多样,传统的陶瓷有部分并未上釉,形象不美观,容易损伤桌面,或者陶瓷的表面上釉,但是底部并未上釉,且上釉技术中,由于釉料的质量不稳定,导致上釉后的陶瓷不美观,容易造成废品,不符合低碳环保的观念,有待进一步改进。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的缺点,提供一种釉料质量稳定,形象美观的满釉陶瓷,另一目的是提供一种制备上述满釉陶瓷的方法。
本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种满釉陶瓷,包括坯体和釉料,所述釉料包括以下重量份的原料:钾长石25-28份、石英46-52份、蒙脱石30-35份、磁铁矿15-18份、瓷石8-12份、高温熔块6-10份、白云石3-5份、木鱼石2-5份;
所述高温熔块的化学百分含量为:SiO2:46-50%、Al2O3:10-15%、MgO:6-8%、CaCO3:4-5.6%、Na2O:3.2-3.8%、Fe2O3:5.4-6.2%、La2O3:1.5-2.8%、BaO:1.8-2.4%、ZnO:4.2-4.8%、TiO2:0.8-1.8%、Li2O:3.5-4.2%、I.L:4-5%。
进一步的,所述坯体包括以下重量份的原料:长石18-25份、石英52-58份、高岭土25-28份、长辉石15-18份、方解石8-12份、电气石6-10份、盐土3-5份、竹粉2-4份、氧化铝5-8份、五氧化二钒3-5份、碳酸钙1-3份、氧化铈0.5-1.2份。
如上所述的一种满釉陶瓷的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)、将釉料原料中的钾长石、石英和蒙脱石先自然风化5-7天,然后与其他原料按配比称重混合,经破碎机破碎,过筛后,湿球磨制得釉料;
(2)、将未施釉的坯体送入窑炉中,在760-800℃的温度下素烧;
(3)、对素烧后的坯体表面进行打磨、烘干;
(4)、在烘干后的坯体表面进行一次施釉,然后送入窑炉中,在1250-1280℃的温度下进行一次烧制,烧制时间为12.5-13.5h;
(5)、待一次烧制后的坯体冷却至室温后,进行二次施釉,并送入窑炉中,在1050-1080℃的温度下进行二次烧制,烧制时间为9.5-10.5h,冷却至室温,得满釉陶瓷。
进一步的,所述步骤(1)中,釉料湿球磨的条件为:料:球:水=1:2-2.4:1.8-2,球磨时间为20-24h。
进一步的,所述坯体的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、将坯体的原料按其配比称重后,混合破碎,过筛得粉料;
(2)、将制得粉料进行湿球磨,其中料:球:水=1:1.6-2:1.2-1.6,球磨18-22小时制得泥料;
(3)、将泥料进行除气、陈泥后,干燥制成粗坯;
(4)、将粗坯经过粗修、细修、精修后得坯体。
进一步的,所述一次施釉的施釉方式为浸釉。
进一步的,所述二次施釉的施釉方式为浸釉。
进一步的,所述一次施釉的釉面层厚度为0.6-0.8mm。
进一步的,所述二次施釉的釉面层厚度为0.3-0.5mm。
由上述对本发明的描述可知,与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:釉料以钾长石、石英和蒙脱石为基料,以高温熔块、磁铁矿、瓷石、白云石和木鱼石为辅,钾长石是熔剂原料,石英是瘠性原料,蒙脱石是可塑性原料,通过高温熔块保证制得的釉料在高温烧制时的质量稳定,使得烧制而成的陶瓷釉面光滑、不易伤到桌面,且不沾污垢、不吸味,易清洗。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述。
一种满釉陶瓷,包括坯体和釉料;
釉料包括以下重量份的原料:钾长石25-28份、石英46-52份、蒙脱石30-35份、磁铁矿15-18份、瓷石8-12份、高温熔块6-10份、白云石3-5份、木鱼石2-5份;
具体的,高温熔块的化学百分含量为:SiO2:46-50%、Al2O3:10-15%、MgO:6-8%、CaCO3:4-5.6%、Na2O:3.2-3.8%、Fe2O3:5.4-6.2%、La2O3:1.5-2.8%、BaO:1.8-2.4%、ZnO:4.2-4.8%、TiO2:0.8-1.8%、Li2O:3.5-4.2%、I.L:4-5%。
坯体包括以下重量份的原料:长石18-25份、石英52-58份、高岭土25-28份、长辉石15-18份、方解石8-12份、电气石6-10份、盐土3-5份、竹粉2-4份、氧化铝5-8份、五氧化二钒3-5份、碳酸钙1-3份、氧化铈0.5-1.2份。
一种满釉陶瓷的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)、将釉料原料中的钾长石、石英和蒙脱石先自然风化5-7天,然后与其他原料按配比称重混合,经破碎机破碎,过筛后,湿球磨制得釉料,其中,料:球:水=1:2-2.4:1.8-2,球磨时间为20-24h;
(2)、将未施釉的坯体送入窑炉中,在760-800℃的温度下素烧2-4h;
(3)、对素烧后的坯体表面进行打磨、烘干;
(4)、在烘干后的坯体表面进行一次施釉,然后送入窑炉中,在1250-1280℃的温度下进行一次烧制,烧制时间为12.5-13.5h,其中,一次施釉的施釉方式为浸釉,釉面层厚度为0.6-0.8mm;
(5)、待一次烧制后的坯体冷却至室温后,进行二次施釉,并送入窑炉中,在1050-1080℃的温度下进行二次烧制,烧制时间为9.5-10.5h,冷却至室温,得满釉陶瓷,其中,二次施釉的施釉方式为浸釉,二次施釉的釉面层厚度为0.3-0.5mm。
具体的,坯体的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、将坯体的原料按其配比称重后,混合破碎,过筛得粉料;
(2)、将制得粉料进行湿球磨,其中料:球:水=1:1.6-2:1.2-1.6,球磨18-22小时制得泥料;
(3)、将泥料进行除气、陈泥后,干燥制成粗坯;
(4)、将粗坯经过粗修、细修、精修后得坯体。
实施例1
一种满釉陶瓷,包括坯体和釉料;
釉料包括以下重量份的原料:钾长石25份、石英52份、蒙脱石30份、磁铁矿18份、瓷石12份、高温熔块6份、白云石5份、木鱼石2份;
具体的,高温熔块的化学百分含量为:SiO2:46%、Al2O3:15%、MgO:6%、CaCO3:5.6%、Na2O:3.2%、Fe2O3:5.4%、La2O3:2.8%、BaO:1.8%、ZnO:4.2%、TiO2:1.8%、Li2O:4.2%、I.L:4%。
坯体包括以下重量份的原料:长石25份、石英52份、高岭土25份、长辉石18份、方解石8份、电气石10份、盐土3份、竹粉4份、氧化铝5份、五氧化二钒5份、碳酸钙1份、氧化铈1.2份。
一种满釉陶瓷的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)、将釉料原料中的钾长石、石英和蒙脱石先自然风化7天,然后与其他原料按配比称重混合,经破碎机破碎,过筛后,湿球磨制得釉料,其中,料:球:水=1:2:2,球磨时间为24h;
(2)、将未施釉的坯体送入窑炉中,在800℃的温度下素烧2h;
(3)、对素烧后的坯体表面进行打磨、烘干;
(4)、在烘干后的坯体表面进行一次施釉,然后送入窑炉中,在1280℃的温度下进行一次烧制,烧制时间为12.5h,其中,一次施釉的施釉方式为浸釉,釉面层厚度为0.6mm;
(5)、待一次烧制后的坯体冷却至室温后,进行二次施釉,并送入窑炉中,在1080℃的温度下进行二次烧制,烧制时间为9.5h,冷却至室温,得满釉陶瓷,其中,二次施釉的施釉方式为浸釉,二次施釉的釉面层厚度为0.3mm。
具体的,坯体的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、将坯体的原料按其配比称重后,混合破碎,过筛得粉料;
(2)、将制得粉料进行湿球磨,其中料:球:水=1:2:1.6,球磨22小时制得泥料;
(3)、将泥料进行除气、陈泥后,干燥制成粗坯;
(4)、将粗坯经过粗修、细修、精修后得坯体。
所述满釉陶瓷经试验获得如下的性能参数:
抗弯强度:850MPa;
断裂韧性:35MPa/m;
维氏硬度:93GPa;
通过上述试验数据可知,本发明制得满釉陶瓷强度高、韧性好、硬度高,相比于现有技术的陶瓷相比,强度高、韧性好、硬度高、釉面光滑、不易伤到桌面,且不沾污垢、不吸味,易清洗,其生产成本低,且能达到实际生产应用中所需的各项性能。
实施例2
一种满釉陶瓷,包括坯体和釉料;
釉料包括以下重量份的原料:钾长石28份、石英46份、蒙脱石35份、磁铁矿15份、瓷石8份、高温熔块10份、白云石3份、木鱼石5份;
具体的,高温熔块的化学百分含量为:SiO2:50%、Al2O3:10%、MgO:8%、CaCO3:4%、Na2O:3.8%、Fe2O3:6.2%、La2O3:1.5%、BaO:2.4%、ZnO:4.8%、TiO2:0.8%、Li2O:3.5%、I.L:5%。
坯体包括以下重量份的原料:长石18份、石英58份、高岭土28份、长辉石15份、方解石12份、电气石6份、盐土5份、竹粉2份、氧化铝8份、五氧化二钒3份、碳酸钙3份、氧化铈0.5份。
一种满釉陶瓷的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)、将釉料原料中的钾长石、石英和蒙脱石先自然风化5天,然后与其他原料按配比称重混合,经破碎机破碎,过筛后,湿球磨制得釉料,其中,料:球:水=1:2.4:1.8,球磨时间为20h;
(2)、将未施釉的坯体送入窑炉中,在760℃的温度下素烧4h;
(3)、对素烧后的坯体表面进行打磨、烘干;
(4)、在烘干后的坯体表面进行一次施釉,然后送入窑炉中,在1250℃的温度下进行一次烧制,烧制时间为13.5h,其中,一次施釉的施釉方式为浸釉,釉面层厚度为0.8mm;
(5)、待一次烧制后的坯体冷却至室温后,进行二次施釉,并送入窑炉中,在1050℃的温度下进行二次烧制,烧制时间为10.5h,冷却至室温,得满釉陶瓷,其中,二次施釉的施釉方式为浸釉,二次施釉的釉面层厚度为0.5mm。
具体的,坯体的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、将坯体的原料按其配比称重后,混合破碎,过筛得粉料;
(2)、将制得粉料进行湿球磨,其中料:球:水=1:1.6:1.2,球磨18小时制得泥料;
(3)、将泥料进行除气、陈泥后,干燥制成粗坯;
(4)、将粗坯经过粗修、细修、精修后得坯体。
所述满釉陶瓷经试验获得如下的性能参数:
抗弯强度:862MPa;
断裂韧性:37MPa/m;
维氏硬度:92GPa;
通过上述试验数据可知,本发明制得满釉陶瓷强度高、韧性好、硬度高,相比于现有技术的陶瓷相比,强度高、韧性好、硬度高、釉面光滑、不易伤到桌面,且不沾污垢、不吸味,易清洗,其生产成本低,且能达到实际生产应用中所需的各项性能。
实施例3
一种满釉陶瓷,包括坯体和釉料;
釉料包括以下重量份的原料:钾长石26份、石英50份、蒙脱石32份、磁铁矿16份、瓷石10份、高温熔块8份、白云石4份、木鱼石4份;
具体的,高温熔块的化学百分含量为:SiO2:48%、Al2O3:12%、MgO:7%、CaCO3:4.9%、Na2O:3.6%、Fe2O3:5.8%、La2O3:2.2%、BaO:2.2%、ZnO:4.5%、TiO2:1.4%、Li2O:3.9%、I.L:4.5%。
坯体包括以下重量份的原料:长石21份、石英56份、高岭土26份、长辉石16份、方解石10份、电气石8份、盐土4份、竹粉3份、氧化铝7份、五氧化二钒4份、碳酸钙2份、氧化铈0.8份。
一种满釉陶瓷的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)、将釉料原料中的钾长石、石英和蒙脱石先自然风化6天,然后与其他原料按配比称重混合,经破碎机破碎,过筛后,湿球磨制得釉料,其中,料:球:水=1:2.2:1.9,球磨时间为22h;
(2)、将未施釉的坯体送入窑炉中,在780℃的温度下素烧3h;
(3)、对素烧后的坯体表面进行打磨、烘干;
(4)、在烘干后的坯体表面进行一次施釉,然后送入窑炉中,在1265℃的温度下进行一次烧制,烧制时间为13h,其中,一次施釉的施釉方式为浸釉,釉面层厚度为0.7mm;
(5)、待一次烧制后的坯体冷却至室温后,进行二次施釉,并送入窑炉中,在1070℃的温度下进行二次烧制,烧制时间为10h,冷却至室温,得满釉陶瓷,其中,二次施釉的施釉方式为浸釉,二次施釉的釉面层厚度为0.4mm。
具体的,坯体的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、将坯体的原料按其配比称重后,混合破碎,过筛得粉料;
(2)、将制得粉料进行湿球磨,其中料:球:水=1:1.8:1.4,球磨20小时制得泥料;
(3)、将泥料进行除气、陈泥后,干燥制成粗坯;
(4)、将粗坯经过粗修、细修、精修后得坯体。
所述满釉陶瓷经试验获得如下的性能参数:
抗弯强度:868MPa;
断裂韧性:36MPa/m;
维氏硬度:94GPa;
通过上述试验数据可知,本发明制得满釉陶瓷强度高、韧性好、硬度高,相比于现有技术的陶瓷相比,强度高、韧性好、硬度高、釉面光滑、不易伤到桌面,且不沾污垢、不吸味,易清洗,其生产成本低,且能达到实际生产应用中所需的各项性能。
其中,I.L指烧失量;
釉料以钾长石、石英和蒙脱石为基料,以高温熔块、磁铁矿、瓷石、白云石和木鱼石为辅,钾长石是熔剂原料,石英是瘠性原料,蒙脱石是可塑性原料,通过高温熔块保证制得的釉料在高温烧制时的质量稳定,使得烧制而成的陶瓷釉面光滑、不易伤到桌面,且不沾污垢、不吸味,易清洗。
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,故不能以此限定本发明实施的范围,即依本发明申请专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰,皆应仍属本发明专利涵盖的范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种满釉陶瓷,包括坯体和釉料,其特征在于:所述釉料包括以下重量份的原料:钾长石25-28份、石英46-52份、蒙脱石30-35份、磁铁矿15-18份、瓷石8-12份、高温熔块6-10份、白云石3-5份、木鱼石2-5份;
所述高温熔块的化学百分含量为:SiO2:46-50%、Al2O3:10-15%、MgO:6-8%、CaCO3:4-5.6%、Na2O:3.2-3.8%、Fe2O3:5.4-6.2%、La2O3:1.5-2.8%、BaO:1.8-2.4%、ZnO:4.2-4.8%、TiO2:0.8-1.8%、Li2O:3.5-4.2%、I.L:4-5%;
所述坯体包括以下重量份的原料:长石18-25份、石英52-58份、高岭土25-28份、长辉石15-18份、方解石8-12份、电气石6-10份、盐土3-5份、竹粉2-4份、氧化铝5-8份、五氧化二钒3-5份、碳酸钙1-3份、氧化铈0.5-1.2份。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的满釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)、将釉料原料中的钾长石、石英和蒙脱石先自然风化5-7天,然后与其他原料按配比称重混合,经破碎机破碎,过筛后,湿球磨制得釉料;
(2)、将未施釉的坯体送入窑炉中,在760-800℃的温度下素烧;
(3)、对素烧后的坯体表面进行打磨、烘干;
(4)、在烘干后的坯体表面进行一次施釉,然后送入窑炉中,在1250-1280℃的温度下进行一次烧制,烧制时间为12.5-13.5h;
(5)、待一次烧制后的坯体冷却至室温后,进行二次施釉,并送入窑炉中,在1050-1080℃的温度下进行二次烧制,烧制时间为9.5-10.5h,冷却至室温,得满釉陶瓷。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种满釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中,釉料湿球磨的条件为:料:球:水=1:2-2.4:1.8-2,球磨时间为20-24h。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种满釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述坯体的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、将坯体的原料按其配比称重后,混合破碎,过筛得粉料;
(2)、将制得粉料进行湿球磨,其中料:球:水=1:1.6-2:1.2-1.6,球磨18-22小时制得泥料;
(3)、将泥料进行除气、陈泥后,干燥制成粗坯;
(4)、将粗坯经过粗修、细修、精修后得坯体。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种满釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述一次施釉的施釉方式为浸釉。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种满釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述二次施釉的施釉方式为浸釉。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种满釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述一次施釉的釉面层厚度为0.6-0.8mm。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种满釉陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述二次施釉的釉面层厚度为0.3-0.5mm。
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