CN108431478A - 复合管道及用于制成和使用其的方法 - Google Patents
复合管道及用于制成和使用其的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108431478A CN108431478A CN201680074620.7A CN201680074620A CN108431478A CN 108431478 A CN108431478 A CN 108431478A CN 201680074620 A CN201680074620 A CN 201680074620A CN 108431478 A CN108431478 A CN 108431478A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- silicone
- multiple tube
- layer
- polymer
- adhesive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HQWDILUMZXPFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyano-2-nitroacetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(C#N)[N+]([O-])=O HQWDILUMZXPFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B25/042—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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Abstract
一种复合管包括:包括硅酮聚合物的内层,其中所述内层具有限定所述复合管的中心腔的表面;与所述内层相邻的粘合剂层,其中所述粘合剂层包括粘合剂硅酮材料,所述粘合剂硅酮材料包括硅酮聚合物和粘合促进剂;和与所述粘合剂层相邻的外层,其中所述外层包括具有与所述粘合剂硅酮材料的所述粘合促进剂形成化学键的官能团的热塑性聚合物。
Description
技术领域
一般来说,本公开涉及复合管和形成复合管的方法。
背景技术
许多行业利用硅酮管道用于递送和去除流体,因为当与由其它材料制成的管道相比时,硅酮管道为无毒的、柔性的、热稳定的、具有低化学反应性,并且可以各种大小生产。举例来说,硅酮管道可用于各种行业,如医疗行业、制药行业、食品递送等。然而,硅酮管道由于其归因于空气进入流体路径和在流体路径中的溶液的蒸发的不期望渗透速率而受到限制。因而,期望热塑性弹性体的渗透速率、低摩擦系数和低粘性,然而,热塑性弹性体对于加工或性能不是理想的。
复合管道为多层管道系统。期望复合管道具有作为层中的一个的硅酮材料;然而,复合管道通常通过在高温下加热固化硅酮材料形成。举例来说,超过至少150℃,如至少160℃,如至少170℃,或甚至至多或大于200℃的温度用于加热固化。由于加热固化需要高温,所以硅酮材料商业上通常已与用于多层制品的高熔融温度基板一起使用。这些多层制品通常为昂贵的,因为它们受限于高熔融温度基板。不利的是,在不相似的材料(如硅酮材料和热塑性材料)之间的粘合也可为成问题的。
因此,改进的复合管和形成多层复合管的方法为期望的。
发明内容
在一个实施例中,复合管包括:包括硅酮聚合物的内层,其中内层具有限定复合管的中心腔的表面;与内层相邻的粘合剂层,其中粘合剂层包括粘合剂硅酮材料,所述粘合剂硅酮材料包括硅酮聚合物和粘合促进剂,和与粘合剂层相邻的外层,其中外层包括具有与粘合剂硅酮材料的粘合促进剂形成化学键的官能团的热塑性聚合物。
在另一个实施例中,形成复合管的方法包括提供包括硅酮聚合物的内层,其中内层具有限定复合管的中心腔的表面;挤出与内层相邻的粘合剂层,其中粘合剂层包括粘合剂硅酮材料,所述粘合剂硅酮材料包括硅酮聚合物和粘合促进剂;挤出与粘合剂层相邻的外层,其中外层包括具有与粘合剂硅酮材料的粘合促进剂形成化学键的官能团的热塑性聚合物;和用辐射源照射粘合剂层和外层以在外层的官能团和粘合剂硅酮材料的粘合促进剂之间形成化学键。
附图说明
通过参考附图,可更好地理解本公开,并且使所属领域的技术人员清楚其众多特征和优势。
图1包括例示性复合管的图示。
图2为根据实施例的复合管的视图。
图3为耦合到根据实施例的复合管的设备的图。
在不同图式中使用相同参考符号指示类似或相同的物件。
具体实施方式
与图结合提供以下描述以帮助理解本文所公开的教导内容。以下论述集中在教导内容的具体实施方式和实施例上。提供此焦点以帮助描述教导内容,并且其不应被解释为对所述教导内容的范围或适用性的限制。
如本文所用,术语“包含(comprises/comprising)”、“包括(includes/including)”、“具有(has/having)”或其任何其它变化形式为开放式术语并且应解释为意指“包括但不限于…”。这些术语涵盖更具限制性的术语“主要由…组成”和“由…组成”。在一个实施例中,包含一列特征的方法、物品或设备不一定仅限于那些特征,但可包括没有明确列出的其它特征或所述方法、物品或设备所固有的其它特征。另外,除非明确相反地陈述,否则“或”是指包括性的或而不是排他性的或。举例来说,条件A或B通过以下中的任一种来得到满足:A为正确的(或存在的)并且B为错误的(或不存在的)、A为错误的(或不存在的)并且B为正确的(或存在的)以及A和B两者都为正确的(或存在的)。
另外,使用“一(a/an)”是用于描述本文所述的要素和组分。这样做只是为了方便起见且给出本发明范围的一般性意义。除非显而易见指的是其他情况,否则应该阅读本说明书包括一个或至少一个,并且单数也包括多个,或反之亦然。举例来说,当本文中描述单个物件时,可以使用一个以上物件来代替单个物件。类似地,在本文中描述一个以上物件时,可以用单个物件取代所述一个以上物件。
除非另外规定,否则本文所使用的所有技术和科学术语都具有与本发明所属领域的普通技术人员通常所理解的相同的含义。材料、方法和实例仅是说明性的并且不旨在为限制性的。在此没有描述的方面,关于具体材料和加工行为的许多细节是常规的,并且可以在结构技术和对应制造技术范围内的参考书籍和其它来源中找到。除非另外指明,否则所有测量在约25℃下。举例来说,除非另外指明,否则粘度的值在25℃下。
本公开大体上涉及复合管道,并且具体来说,涉及包括内层、粘合剂层和外层的复合管道。内层包括硅酮聚合物。粘合剂层与内层相邻并且包括粘合剂硅酮材料。粘合剂硅酮材料包括硅酮聚合物和粘合促进剂。复合管进一步包括与粘合剂层相邻的外层,其中外层包括具有与粘合剂硅酮材料的粘合促进剂形成化学键的官能团的热塑性聚合物。在一个实施例中,复合管可包括具有内孔的中空主体。在一个特定实施例中,内层具有限定复合管的中心腔的表面。
在一个实施例中,内层包括硅酮聚合物。设想任何合理的硅酮聚合物。硅酮聚合物可例如包括聚烷基硅氧烷,如由前体(如二甲基硅氧烷、二乙基硅氧烷、二丙基硅氧烷、甲基乙基硅氧烷、甲基丙基硅氧烷,或其组合)形成的硅酮聚合物。在一个特定实施例中,聚烷基硅氧烷包括聚二烷基硅氧烷,如聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)。在一个特定实施例中,聚烷基硅氧烷为含硅酮氢化物聚烷基硅氧烷,如含硅酮氢化物聚二甲基硅氧烷。在另一实施例中,聚烷基硅氧烷为含乙烯基聚烷基硅氧烷,如含乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷。在又一实施例中,硅酮聚合物为含氢化物聚烷基硅氧烷和含乙烯基聚烷基硅氧烷的组合,如含氢化物聚二甲基硅氧烷和含乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷的组合。在一个实例中,硅酮聚合物为非极性的并且不含卤素官能团,如氯和氟,并且不含苯基官能团。替代地,硅酮聚合物可包括卤素官能团或苯基官能团。举例来说,硅酮聚合物可包括氟硅酮或苯基硅酮。
硅酮聚合物可进一步包括单独或组合的任何合理的添加剂,如催化剂、乙烯基聚合物、氢化物、粘合促进剂、填料、引发剂、抑制剂、着色剂、颜料、载体材料,或其任何组合。在一个实施例中,硅酮聚合物为加热(即热)固化材料并且包括加热活化的催化剂。设想任何加热活化的催化剂。举例来说,例示性加热活化的催化剂为过氧化物、过渡金属的有机金属络合化合物,或其组合。在一个实施例中,催化剂包括铂、铑、钌等,或其组合。在一个实施例中,催化剂为铂类的。在一个实施例中,内部硅酮层的材料含量主要为100%硅酮材料。在一些实施例中,内部硅酮层主要由上文所述相应硅酮聚合物组成。如本文所用,词组“主要由…组成”与硅酮聚合物结合使用排除存在影响硅酮聚合物的基本和新颖特性的非硅酮聚合物,但是常用的加工助剂和添加剂可用于硅酮聚合物。
在一个特定实施例中,内部硅酮层可包括常规商业上制备的硅酮聚合物。在一个特定实施例中,常规商业上制备的硅酮聚合物为常规加热固化的硅酮聚合物。如本文所用,“常规加热固化”是指经由在大于约150℃的温度下加热而固化。商业上制备的硅酮聚合物通常包括如非极性硅酮聚合物、催化剂、填料和任选的添加剂的组分。设想任何合理的填料和添加剂。在一个实施例中,内层的硅酮聚合物基本上不含添加剂,例如粘合促进剂。如本文所用,“基本上不含”是指以内层的硅酮聚合物的总重量计低于约0.1重量%的任何粘合促进剂。可商购的硅酮聚合物包括例如高稠度天然橡胶(HCR)、液体硅酮橡胶(LSR),或室温硫化硅酮(RTV)。在一个特定实施例中,内层可为已商业化、验证和批准用于特定用途的硅酮聚合物。在一个实施例中,内层硅酮聚合物已通过食品和药物管理局(FDA)、美国药典(USP)、欧洲药典(EP)、国际标准组织(ISO)、其它法规批准或其组合的法规批准验证。举例来说,内层硅酮聚合物已使用USP VI类标准、ISO 10993标准等验证。
在一个实施例中,内层硅酮聚合物的粘度为至多约100,000,000厘泊(cPs),如约50,000厘泊到约100,000,000cPs,如约50,000cPs到约5,000,000cPs。在一个特定实施例中,内层硅酮聚合物包括液体硅酮橡胶。液体硅酮橡胶通常在固化之前的粘度低于约2,000,000cPs,如约50,000cPs到约2,000,000cPs,如约200,000cPs到约1,000,000cPs,如约500,000cPs到约800,000cPs。在一个特定实施例中,内层硅酮聚合物包括高稠度天然橡胶。高稠度天然橡胶通常在固化之前的粘度大于约2,000,000cPs,如约2,000,000cPs到约100,000,000cPs,如约2,000,000cPs到约10,000,000cPs,如约5,000,000cPs到约10,000,000cPs。应了解,内层硅酮聚合物的粘度可包括具有在上文提到的最小与最大值中的任一者之间的范围内的硅酮聚合物。
在一个实施例中,复合管的粘合剂层包括粘合剂硅酮材料。在一个更特定实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料为挤出的硅酮材料或模制的材料。在甚至更特定的实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料经由辐射源、热源,或其组合固化。辐射能量的源可包括任何合理的辐射能量源,如光化辐射。在一个特定实施例中,辐射源为紫外光。设想紫外光的任何合理的波长。在一个具体实施例中,紫外光在约10纳米到约500纳米,如约10纳米到约410纳米的波长下。另外,任何数目的辐射能量的应用可取决于材料和期望的结果以相同或不同波长施加。应了解,波长可在上文提到的最小与最大值中的任一者之间的范围内。
粘合剂硅酮材料包括硅酮聚合物和粘合促进剂。粘合剂硅酮材料的硅酮聚合物可例如包括聚烷基硅氧烷,如由前体(如二甲基硅氧烷、二乙基硅氧烷、二丙基硅氧烷、甲基乙基硅氧烷、甲基丙基硅氧烷,或其组合)形成的硅酮聚合物。在一个特定实施例中,聚烷基硅氧烷包括聚二烷基硅氧烷,如聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)。在一个特定实施例中,聚烷基硅氧烷为含硅酮氢化物聚烷基硅氧烷,如含硅酮氢化物聚二甲基硅氧烷。在另一实施例中,聚烷基硅氧烷为含乙烯基聚烷基硅氧烷,如含乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷。在又一实施例中,硅酮聚合物为含氢化物聚烷基硅氧烷和含乙烯基聚烷基硅氧烷的组合,如含氢化物聚二甲基硅氧烷和含乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷的组合。在一个实例中,硅酮聚合物为非极性的并且不含卤素官能团,如氯和氟,并且不含苯基官能团。替代地,硅酮聚合物可包括卤素官能团或苯基官能团。举例来说,硅酮聚合物可包括氟硅酮或苯基硅酮。
粘合剂硅酮材料进一步包括粘合促进剂。设想任何合理的粘合促进剂,如硅氧烷或硅烷,如3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基-三(2-甲氧基乙氧基)-硅烷;2,5,7,10-四氧杂-6-硅杂十一烷、6-乙烯基-6-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)-硅烷、氢苯基硅酮、苯基硅烷,或其任何组合。设想任何合理量的粘合促进剂。在一个实施例中,以粘合剂硅酮材料的总重量计,粘合促进剂的存在量为约0.05重量%到约5重量%。
粘合剂硅酮材料进一步包括催化剂。通常,存在催化剂以引发交联过程。设想当暴露于辐射源时可引发交联的任何合理的催化剂。通常,催化剂取决于粘合剂硅酮材料。在一个特定实施例中,催化反应包括与Si-键合的氢反应以便通过形成网络将加成-可交联硅酮材料转化成弹性体状态的脂肪族不饱和基团。在一个更特定实施例中,催化剂通过辐射源活化并且引发交联过程。
取决于用于粘合剂硅酮材料的硅酮聚合物设想任何催化剂,其条件是,当暴露于辐射源,如紫外辐射时至少一种催化剂可引发交联。在一个实施例中,可使用硅氢化反应催化剂。举例来说,例示性硅氢化催化剂为过渡金属的有机金属络合化合物。在一个实施例中,催化剂包括铂、铑、钌等,或其组合。在一个特定实施例中,催化剂包括铂。另外任何合理的任选的催化剂可与硅氢化催化剂一起使用。在一个实施例中,当暴露于辐射源时任选的催化剂可或可不引发交联。例示性任选的催化剂可包括过氧化物、锡或其组合。替代地,粘合剂硅酮材料进一步包括过氧化物催化的硅酮材料。在另一个实例中,粘合剂硅酮材料可为铂催化的和过氧化物催化的硅酮聚合物的组合。在一个实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料基本上不含任选的催化剂,如过氧化物、锡,或其组合。
粘合剂硅酮材料可进一步包括添加剂。设想任何合理的添加剂。例示性添加剂可个别地或组合地包括乙烯基聚合物、氢化物、填料、引发剂、抑制剂、着色剂、颜料、载体材料,或其任何组合。在一个实施例中,乙烯基聚合物为乙烯丙烯二烯弹性体,如乙烯基降冰片烯(VNP)、亚乙基降冰片烯(ENB),或其组合。在一个特定实施例中,当外层的热塑性聚合物为乙烯丙烯二烯弹性体时,存在乙烯基聚合物,下文进一步描述。在一个实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料主要由上文所述的相应硅酮聚合物、粘合促进剂和催化剂组成。在一个实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料主要由上文所述的相应硅酮聚合物、粘合促进剂、抑制剂、催化剂和乙烯基聚合物组成。如本文所用,词组“主要由…组成”与粘合剂硅酮材料结合使用排除存在影响粘合剂硅酮材料的基本和新颖特性的非硅酮聚合物,但是常用加工助剂和添加剂可用于粘合剂硅酮材料。
在一个实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料包括液体硅酮橡胶(LSR)、室温硫化硅酮(RTV)、高稠度天然橡胶(HCR),或其组合。在一个实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料的粘度为至多约100,000,000厘泊(cPs),如约50,000厘泊到约100,000,000cPs,如约50,000cPs到约5,000,000cPs。在一个特定实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料包括液体硅酮橡胶。液体硅酮橡胶通常在固化之前的粘度低于约2,000,000cPs,如约50,000cPs到约2,000,000cPs,如约200,000cPs到约1,000,000cPs,如约500,000cPs到约800,000cPs。应了解,粘合剂硅酮材料的粘度可包括具有在上文提到的最小与最大值中的任一者之间的范围内的硅酮聚合物。在一个实施例中,在固化之前,粘合剂硅酮材料的粘度小于内层的硅酮聚合物的粘度。
粘合剂硅酮材料可包括常规商业上制备的硅酮聚合物。商业上制备的硅酮材料通常包括如非极性硅酮聚合物、催化剂、填料和任选的添加剂的组分。设想任何合理的填料和添加剂。通过辐射源引发的催化剂可分别添加或可包括在商业上制备的配制物内。粘合促进剂可分别添加或可包括在商业上制备的配制物内。可商购的液体硅酮橡胶(LSR)的特定实施例包括密歇根州艾德里安的瓦克有机硅(Wacker Silicone of Adrian,MI)MomentiveUV LSR 2060、WackerLR 3003/50和加利福尼亚州文图拉的罗地亚有机硅(Rhodia Silicones of Ventura,CA)的RhodiaLSR 4340。在一个特定实施例中,内层的硅酮聚合物与粘合剂层的粘合剂硅酮材料不同。虽然内层的硅酮聚合物与粘合剂层的粘合剂硅酮材料不同,但是粘合剂硅酮材料与内层形成内聚粘结,因为内层和粘合剂层两者都包括硅酮聚合物。另外和如下文所论述,粘合剂层的辐射暴露可提供在粘合剂层和内层之间的期望粘合。
复合管进一步包括外层。外层包括具有与硅酮聚合物的粘合促进剂形成化学键的官能团的热塑性聚合物。设想任何合理的热塑性聚合物和官能团。在一个实施例中,热塑性聚合物具有期望氧渗透速率并且为最终复合管提供期望氧渗透速率。在一个特定实施例中,热塑性聚合物为热塑性弹性体、聚酯、聚氨基甲酸酯、尼龙、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、聚醚、聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚丙烯酸、乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)、聚烯烃、乙烯丙烯二烯弹性体、共聚物、共混物,或其组合。在一个更特定实施例中,热塑性聚合物为聚酯、聚酯共聚物,或热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯。在一个实施例中,热塑性聚合物为乙烯丙烯二烯弹性体,包括乙烯基降冰片烯(VNP)、亚乙基降冰片烯(ENB),或其组合。
热塑性聚合物进一步包括与硅酮聚合物的粘合促进剂形成化学键的官能团。如本文所用,“官能团”是指共价键合到热塑性聚合物的化学部分。设想可与粘合促进剂形成键的任何官能团,例如氢氧根、羰基、醇、羧基、苯基、胺、二烯,或其组合。在一个特定实施例中,官能团与硅酮聚合物的粘合促进剂形成内聚键。设想在热塑性聚合物上的任何量的官能团与粘合促进剂形成内聚键。在一个实施例中,官能团为热塑性聚合物的主链的一部分、偏离热塑性聚合物的主链的侧基,或其组合。在一个实施例中,外层基本上不含硅酮部分。
外层可在添加任何催化剂、任何填料、任何添加剂、任何交联促进剂,或其组合的情况下用任何合理的组分,如任何热塑性聚合物前体形成。交联促进剂可为三聚氰酸三烯丙酯(TAC)、异三聚氰酸三烯丙酯(TAIC),或其组合。在一个实施例中,交联促进剂可为硅烷或硅氧烷,如氢苯基硅酮、苯基硅烷,或其组合。在一个更特定实施例中,当外层为乙烯丙烯二烯弹性体时,氢苯基硅酮用作交联促进剂。在一个实施例中,交联促进剂、催化剂,或其组合为热塑性聚合物提供官能团。当存在时,设想可引发热塑性聚合物交联的任何合理的催化剂。在一个实施例中,催化剂通过辐射源活化。在一个特定实施例中,设想通过辐射源活化的任何合理的催化剂。在一个更特定实施例中,催化剂的降解温度大于热塑性聚合物的加工温度(即熔融温度),使得在热塑性材料熔融期间催化剂不活化。例示性催化剂为过氧化物。在一个特定实施例中,前体、催化剂、填料、添加剂、交联促进剂,或其组合取决于所选择的热塑性聚合物和复合管期望的最终特性。
在一个实施例中,热塑性层外层为挤出的热塑性层。在一个甚至更特定的实施例中,热塑性聚合物经由辐射源交联。辐射能量的源可包括任何合理的辐射能量源,如光化辐射、电子束辐射、γ辐射,或其组合。在一个特定实施例中,辐射源为紫外光。设想紫外光的任何合理的波长。在一个具体实施例中,紫外光在约10纳米到约500纳米,如约10纳米到约410纳米的波长下。另外,任何数目的辐射能量的应用可取决于材料和期望的结果以相同或不同波长施加。应了解,波长可在上文提到的最小与最大值中的任一者之间的范围内。设想任何γ辐射源和剂量。在一个实施例中,γ辐射经由在约10kGy到约200kGy,如约20kGy到约100kGy,如约50kGy到约100kGy的剂量下的钴-60(60Co)。应了解,γ辐射剂量可在上文提到的最小与最大值中的任一者之间的范围内。
在一个实施例中,外层的材料含量主要为具有官能团的100%热塑性聚合物。在一些实施例中,外层主要由上文所述的具有官能团的相应热塑性聚合物组成。在一个实施例中,外层主要由如所描述的具有官能团的相应热塑性聚合物和催化剂组成。在一个实施例中,外层主要由如所描述的热塑性聚合物、催化剂和交联促进剂组成。如本文所用,词组“主要由…组成”与热塑性材料结合使用排除存在影响热塑性聚合物的基本和新颖特性的材料,但是常用的加工助剂和添加剂可用于热塑性聚合物。
如图1中所说明,复合管100为具有中空的中心孔的细长环形结构。复合管100包括内层102、粘合剂层104和外层106。内层102可与粘合剂层104直接接触并且可直接粘结到粘合剂层104。举例来说,内层102可直接粘结到粘合剂层104而无插入层。在一个特定实施例中,在内层102和粘合剂层104之间不存在底漆层。另外,粘合剂层104可与外层106直接接触并且可直接粘结到外层106。举例来说,粘合剂层104可直接粘结到外层106而无插入层。在一个特定实施例中,在粘合剂层104和外层106之间不存在底漆层。在一个例示性实施例中,复合管100包括三个层,如内层102、粘合剂层104和外层106。如所说明,内层102包括限定管的中心腔的内表面108。
虽然说明为三个层,但是设想任何数目的层。举例来说,复合管包括至少三个层,或甚至较大数目的层。层的数目取决于复合管期望的最终特性。复合管可进一步包括其它层。其它层包括例如聚合层、增强层、粘合剂层、阻挡层、耐化学性层、金属层、其任何组合等。设想提供任何额外层的任何合理的方法并且所述方法取决于所选择的材料。可设想任何厚度的其它层。在一个实施例中,复合管主要由如所描述的内层、粘合剂层,和外层组成。
在一个实施例中,复合管可通过任何合理的手段形成并且取决于材料。在一个实例中,硅酮聚合物的内层通过任何合理的手段提供。在一个例示性实施例中,硅酮聚合物的内层为商业上提供并且验证的管。在一个实施例中,硅酮聚合物挤出或模制随后常规加热固化形成。在一个特定实施例中,内层在添加粘合剂层和外层之前形成以形成复合管。
在提供内层(即硅酮聚合物)之后,内层可为在与粘合剂硅酮层相邻的外表面上处理的表面。在一个特定实施例中,内层的外表面为在内层上形成粘合剂硅酮层之前处理的表面。当内层与粘合剂硅酮层直接接触时,表面处理可用于提高内层与粘合剂硅酮层的粘合性。在一个特定实施例中,表面处理使得在两层之间的粘合增强,以提供内聚粘结,即发生内聚失效,其中内层和/或粘合剂硅酮层的结构完整性在两种材料之间的粘结失效之前失效。表面处理可包括辐射处理、化学蚀刻、物理-机械蚀刻、等离子体蚀刻、电晕处理、化学气相沉积,或其任何组合。
照射包括例如用与尚未照射的表面相比基本上足以提高内层与粘合剂硅酮层的粘合性的任何紫外线能量照射内层的外表面。在一个实施例中,紫外线能量为在约10纳米到约500纳米,如约10纳米(nm)到约410nm的波长。应了解,波长可在上文提到的最小与最大值中的任一者之间的范围内。
在一个实施例中,化学蚀刻包括钠氨和钠萘。物理-机械蚀刻可包括喷砂和空气磨蚀。在另一个实施例中,等离子蚀刻包括反应性等离子,如氢气、氧气、乙炔、甲烷,和其与氮气、氩气和氦气的混合物。电晕处理可包括反应性烃蒸气,如丙酮。在一个实施例中,化学气相沉积包括使用丙烯酸酯、偏二氯乙烯或丙酮。在一个实施例中,内层的外表面不含任何表面处理。
通常,粘合剂层通过任何合理的手段(如挤出或模制)提供。在一个实施例中,粘合剂层(即粘合剂硅酮材料)通过挤出系统形成并且在内层上挤出。在一个实施例中,粘合剂层与内层共挤出。所述方法包括通过挤出系统接收如上所述的粘合剂硅酮材料。在一个实施例中,十字头模具用于使粘合剂层在相邻内层上挤出。
用于粘合剂层的挤出系统通常包括泵送系统并且可包括可利用以形成复合管的粘合剂层的多个装置。举例来说,泵送系统可包括泵送装置,如齿轮泵、静态混合器、挤出机、管模具、辐射固化装置、后加工装置,或其任何组合。通常,将粘合剂硅酮材料混合并且泵送(即挤出)通过挤出系统的管模具。设想任何合理的混合设备。在一个实施例中,热还可施加到粘合剂硅酮材料。举例来说,用于粘合剂硅酮材料的组分的任何合理的加热温度可用于提供可从泵送系统流动并且挤出通过模具而没有材料降解的材料。举例来说,温度可为约10℃到约70℃。应了解,加热温度可在上文提到的最小与最大值中的任一者之间的范围内。
在一个实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料经由辐射固化或热固化来固化。在一个特定实施例中,当粘合剂硅酮材料流动通过泵送系统,如粘合剂硅酮材料流动通过模具,如粘合剂硅酮材料直接离开模具或其任何组合以形成粘合剂层时,可发生辐射固化。辐射固化提供形成粘合剂层的连续方法。在一个实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料的辐射固化可包括使粘合剂硅酮材料经历一个或多个辐射源。在一个特定实施例中,辐射源足以基本上固化粘合剂层的粘合剂硅酮材料。如本文所用,“基本上固化”是指如举例来说通过变流仪数据确定的>90%的最终交联密度(90%固化意指材料如通过ASTM D5289所测量的达到90%的最大扭矩)。举例来说,固化水平是为复合管的粘合剂层提供期望硬度。在一个实施例中,粘合剂层的最终硬度取决于粘合剂层所选择的材料。
设想任何合理的辐射源,如光化辐射。在一个实施例中,辐射源为紫外光(UV)。设想紫外光的任何合理的波长。在一个具体实施例中,紫外光在约10纳米到约500纳米,如约10纳米到约410纳米的波长,如约200纳米到约400纳米的波长下。另外,任何数目的辐射能量的应用可以相同或不同波长施加。举例来说,挤出系统可包括一个或多个烘箱(例如红外(IR)烘箱、空气烘箱)、一个或多个浴(例如水浴),或其组合,以固化粘合剂硅酮材料。一个或多个IR烘箱可在特定峰值波长下操作。在某些情况下,第一IR烘箱的峰值波长可与第二IR烘箱的峰值波长不同。在一个实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料可经历加热处理指定时间段。在一个特定实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料可在第一IR烘箱中经历固化第一时间段,并且然后在第二IR烘箱中经历固化与第一时间段不同的第二时间段。在一个特定实施例中,用途由短波长IR烘箱组成。通过短波长,意指峰值波长低于4微米,通常低于3微米,如在大致0.6到2.0微米,如0.8到1.8微米的范围内。大体上中和较长波长IR烘箱的特征为峰值波长约4到8微米,或甚至更高。应了解,波长可在上文提到的最小与最大值中的任一者之间的范围内。
形成粘合剂硅酮材料的方法可包括热处理。设想用于热处理的任何温度。在一个实施例中,热处理在约100℃到约250℃,如约150℃到约250℃的温度下进行。在一个实施例中,热处理进行大于约1秒,如约1秒到约30秒,或甚至约1秒到约10秒的时段。应了解,热处理温度和时间可在上文提到的最小与最大值中的任一者之间的范围内。在一个特定实施例中,热处理足以基本上固化粘合剂层的粘合剂硅酮材料。在一个实施例中,辐射源和热处理可同时、依次,或其任何组合进行。在一个特定实施例中,辐射源和热处理同时进行。
另外,外层通过任何合理的手段(如挤出或模制)提供。在一个实施例中,外层通过挤出提供,所述挤出可与用于粘合剂层的挤出系统相同或不同。用于热塑性层的挤出系统通常包括泵送系统并且可包括可被利用以形成复合管的外层的多个装置。举例来说,泵送系统可包括泵送装置,如齿轮泵、静态混合器、挤出机、管模具、辐射固化装置、后加工装置,或其任何组合。在一个例示性实施例中,热塑性聚合物可通过干共混或混配熔融加工。干共混物可呈粉末、颗粒或团粒形式。在一个特定实施例中,为了形成复合管的外层,对应的单体或聚合物的团粒可混配通过同向旋转啮合双螺杆挤出机,通过水浴冷却,并且切成化合物团粒。外层可通过连续混配方法或分批相关方法制成。在一个实施例中,所得的共混物团粒进料到具有管模具的挤出机中。具有官能团的热塑性聚合物挤出通过管模具以形成复合管的外层。
在一个实施例中,热塑性聚合物为交联的。设想任何交联条件,如辐射交联。在一个特定实施例中,辐射源足以基本上使热塑性聚合物交联。在一个实施例中,辐射源使热塑性聚合物的官能团与在粘合剂层中的粘合促进剂交联。设想任何合理的辐射源,如光化辐射。在一个实施例中,辐射源为紫外光(UV)、电子束(electron beam/e-beam)、γ,或其组合。在一个特定实施例中,使热塑性聚合物交联包括用波长为约10纳米到约500纳米,如约10纳米(nm)到约410nm的紫外线能量照射。另外,任何数目的辐射能量的应用可以相同或不同波长施加。举例来说,挤出系统可包括一个或多个烘箱(例如红外(IR)烘箱、空气烘箱)、一个或多个浴(例如盐水浴),或其组合,以固化热塑性聚合物。一个或多个IR烘箱可在特定峰值波长下操作。在某些情况下,第一IR烘箱的峰值波长可与第二IR烘箱的峰值波长不同。在一个实施例中,热塑性聚合物可经历加热处理指定时间段。在一个特定实施例中,热塑性聚合物可在第一IR烘箱中经历交联第一时间段,并且然后在第二IR烘箱中经历交联与第一时间段不同的第二时间段。在一个特定实施例中,用途由短波长IR烘箱组成。通过短波长,意指峰值波长低于4微米,通常低于3微米,如在大致0.6到2.0微米,如0.8到1.8微米的范围内。大体上中和较长波长IR烘箱的特征为峰值波长约4到8微米,或甚至更高。应了解,波长可在上文提到的最小与最大值中的任一者之间的范围内。设想任何γ辐射源和剂量。在一个实施例中,γ辐射经由在约10kGy到约200kGy,如约20kGy到约100kGy,如约50kGy到约100kGy的剂量下的钴-60(60Co)。应了解,γ辐射剂量可在上文提到的最小与最大值中的任一者之间的范围内。
在一个特定实施例中,当热塑性聚合物流动通过泵送系统,如热塑性聚合物流动通过管模具,如热塑性聚合物直接离开管模具或其任何组合以形成外层时,可发生辐射交联。辐射交联提供形成外层的连续方法。
虽然外层在此实施例中描述为在提供粘合剂层之后递送,但是设想聚合组分、辐射源,或其组合的任何递送顺序。在一个特定实施例中,粘合剂硅酮层和外层在辐射源同时施加到粘合剂硅酮层和外层两者的情况下共挤出。
一旦粘合剂层和外层在内层上形成,复合管道就可经历一个或多个后加工操作。设想任何合理的后加工操作。举例来说,复合管道可经历任何合理的辐射源如UV辐射、电子束辐射、γ辐射等。另外,复合管道可经历后固化加热处理,如后固化循环。后热处理通常在约40℃到约200℃的温度下进行。在一个实施例中,后热处理在约60℃到约100℃的温度下。通常,后热处理进行约5分钟到约10小时,如约10分钟到约30分钟,或替代地约1小时到约4小时的时间段。应了解,后热处理温度和时间可在上文提到的最小与最大值中的任一者之间的范围内。在替代实例中,复合管道不经历后热处理。在一个实例中,可将复合管道切成具有指定长度的多个复合管。在另一个实施例中,后加工可包括将复合管缠绕成一圈管道。
设想任何尺寸的复合管。举例来说,设想层的任何厚度并且所述厚度通常取决于复合管期望的最终特性。
如在图2中所见,复合管200可包括具有外径204和内径206的主体202。内径206可形成主体202的中空孔208。此外,主体202可包括通过外径204和内径206之间的差测量的壁厚度210。另外,主体202可具有长度212。
在一个特定实施例中,外径204可为对于复合管设想的任何合理的外径。在一个更特定实施例中,外径取决于应用和期望的最终特性。举例来说,外径可为至少大致0.125英寸、至少大致0.25英寸、至少大致0.5英寸,或至少大致1.5英寸。设想任何合理的上限。应了解,外径204可在低于上文提到的最小值的范围内。
在另一个实施例中,主体202的内径206可为对于复合管设想的任何合理的内径。在一个更特定实施例中,内径206取决于应用和期望的最终特性。举例来说,内径可为至少大致0.060英寸、至少大致0.125英寸、至少大致0.5英寸,或至少大致1.0英寸。设想任何合理的上限。应了解,内径306可在低于上文提到的最小值的范围内。
在另一实施例中,主体202的长度212可为对于复合管设想的任何合理的长度。在一个更特定实施例中,长度112可为至少大致2米(m)、至少约5米、至少约10米、至少约20米、至少约30米、至少约50米,或甚至约100米。在另一个实施例中,长度212可为至少大致30m、至少大致50m、至少大致100m、至少大致125m,或至少大致300m。长度212大体上受实用问题,如存储和运输较长长度物限制,或受客户对于限制的生产运行的需求,如20m或100m限制。在另一个实施例中,长度212可为至少大致30m、至少大致50m、至少大致100m,或至少大致125m。
虽然在图2中示出的说明性实施例中的垂直于主体202的轴线方向的内孔208的横截面具有环形形状,但是垂直于主体202的轴线方向的内孔208的横截面可具有正方形形状、三角形形状,或矩形形状。还应注意,复合管200不含在通过模制过程形成的管上发现的任何视觉缺陷。举例来说,复合管200不包括任何分型线。此外,主体202的一个或多个端部,如远侧端部214、近侧端部216,或两者都不存在结合线。
一旦形成和固化,上文公开的方法的特定实施例就有利地呈现期望的特性,如提高的生产率和改进的复合管。在一个特定实施例中,粘合剂硅酮材料和具有官能团的热塑性聚合物的挤出和辐射可形成复合管,这不是通过常规制造方法实现的。具体来说,挤出和辐射固化有益于形成具有验证的硅酮聚合物的内层、粘合剂层和热塑性材料的复合管,其具有优于由硅酮材料组成的传统的硅酮管,如由被描述为内层的硅酮聚合物组成的传统的硅酮管的改进特性。在一个实施例中,传统的硅酮管为铂-固化高稠度橡胶。加工条件提供具有与进一步包括作为流体接触层的验证的硅酮聚合物的持续挤出热塑性材料直接接触的持续挤出粘合剂硅酮材料的复合管。
此外,与常规加热固化的复合管相比,施加到复合管的辐射提供粘合剂层与内层和外层具有提高的粘合性的最终产品。虽然不受理论约束,但是据相信,辐射可提供辐射瞬时穿入到至少粘合剂硅酮材料中并且同时固化至少粘合剂硅酮材料。此辐射至少增强粘合剂层与内层的粘合特性,使得在内层和粘合剂层之间提供内聚粘结。在另一实施例中,据相信,当施加到粘合剂层和外层两者时,辐射提供辐射瞬时穿入到粘合剂硅酮材料、热塑性材料,或其组合中并且同时固化粘合剂硅酮材料。在一个实施例中,辐射提供热塑性聚合物的官能团与粘合剂硅酮材料的粘合促进剂的交联,使得在外层和粘合剂层之间提供内聚粘结。举例来说,当在室温下以平行剥离配置测试时,复合管的内层、粘合剂层和外层具有呈现内聚失效的剥离强度。在一个实施例中,可在内层和粘合剂层以及粘合剂层和外层之间没有底漆、化学表面处理、机械表面处理,或其任何组合的情况下实现期望粘合。此外,施加的辐射可提供与常规热固化相比更快的固化。
一旦形成并且固化,上文公开的复合管的特定实施例就有利地呈现期望的特性,如氧渗透速率、化学品渗透速率、水渗透速率、耐化学品性、可湿性、生物相容性、在外层的外径处降低的摩擦系数和在外层的外径处降低的表面粘性。具体来说,与由硅酮材料组成的传统的硅酮管相比,复合管具有改进特性。举例来说,与由硅酮材料组成的传统的硅酮管相比,复合管的氧渗透减少大于约50%,如大于约60%,如大于约70%,或甚至大于约80%。举例来说,复合管的氧渗透速率低于约20,000立方厘米-毫米/(米2-天-大气压)、低于约15,000立方厘米-毫米/(米2-天-大气压)、低于约10,000立方厘米-毫米/(米2-天-大气压),或甚至低于约5,000立方厘米-毫米/(米2-天-大气压)。在一个实施例中,与由硅酮材料组成的传统的硅酮管相比,复合管具有改进的化学渗透速率和耐化学品性。在一个特定实施例中,耐化学品性用当复合管暴露于化学品时溶胀的较低速率和量来展现。在另一个实施例中,与由硅酮材料组成的传统的硅酮管相比,复合管的水损失的平均减少大于约20%,如大于约30%,如大于约40%,或甚至大于约50%。在另一个实施例中,与由硅酮材料组成传统的硅酮管相比,复合管的水蒸气透过降低速率大于约20%,如大于约25%,如大于约30%,或甚至大于约35%。
在一个实施例中,可密封或焊接复合管。通常,“密封”是指形成复合管的流体导管的末端的平坦密封件。通常,“焊接”是指将复合管道的两个部分焊接在一起以形成用于在复合管的两个端部之间提供流体导管的管道应用的圆周密封件。在一个特定实施例中,至少外层的热塑性材料为可密封或可焊接的。设想任何合理的焊接或密封方法。
许多行业利用复合管道连同用于递送和去除流体的设备。应用数量众多,其中例如期望氧渗透速率、化学品渗透速率、泵流动速率、泵寿命,和/或水蒸气渗透速率为期望的。复合管道可连同任何合理的设备使用。例示性设备为医疗装置、制药装置、生物制药装置、化学品递送装置、实验室装置、水处理装置、文件印刷装置、食品和饮料装置、工业清洁装置、汽车装置、航空装置、电子装置,或燃料递送装置。另外,虽然主要描述为复合管,但是设想至少含有包括硅酮聚合物的内层、与内层直接接触的粘合剂硅酮层和与粘合剂硅酮层直接接触的外层的任何制品、型材或膜。
图3为耦合到根据实施例的复合管302的设备300的图。复合管302可由图1的复合管100和图2的复合管200形成。在一个实施例中,设备300为用于提供流体的制药装置。
在一个实施例中,设备300可包括经由复合管302分配流体的泵。在一个实施例中,设备300可包括蠕动泵、输液泵、肠内进料泵,或其组合。
复合管可有助于提供指定量的流体。举例来说,一个或多个控件,如控件304可设定为提供指定流动速率的流体。可分配相对于经由控件304指定的量在特定公差内的流体量。
在一个例示性实施例中,复合管具有期望流动稳定性和提高的寿命。在一个实施例中,如通过在400rpm和0psi背压下蠕动泵送测量,复合管可具有大于约100小时,如大于约200小时,或甚至大于约400小时的泵寿命。在一个例示性实施例中,与由硅酮材料组成的传统的硅酮管相比,复合管的水损失的平均减少可大于约20%,如大于约30%,如大于约40%,或甚至大于约50%。
许多不同方面和实施例是可能的。在本文中描述那些方面和实施例中的一些。在阅读本说明书以后,所属领域技术人员将了解到,那些方面和实施例仅仅是说明性的,并且不限制本发明的范围。实施例可根据以下所列项目中的任何一个或多个。
实施例1.一种复合管,包括:包括硅酮聚合物的内层,其中所述内层具有限定所述复合管的中心腔的表面;与所述内层相邻的粘合剂层,其中所述粘合剂层包括粘合剂硅酮材料,所述粘合剂硅酮材料包括硅酮聚合物和粘合促进剂,和与所述粘合剂层相邻的外层,其中所述外层包括具有与所述硅酮聚合物的所述粘合促进剂形成化学键的官能团的热塑性聚合物。
实施例2.一种形成复合管的方法,包括提供包括硅酮聚合物的内层,其中所述内层具有限定所述复合管的中心腔的表面;挤出与所述内层相邻的粘合剂层,其中所述粘合剂层包括粘合剂硅酮材料,所述粘合剂硅酮材料包括硅酮聚合物和粘合促进剂;挤出与所述粘合剂层相邻的外层,其中所述外层包括具有与所述粘合剂层的所述粘合促进剂形成化学键的官能团的热塑性聚合物;和用辐射源照射所述粘合剂层和所述外层以在所述外层的所述官能团和所述粘合剂层的所述粘合促进剂之间形成所述化学键。
实施例3.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述粘合剂硅酮材料的所述硅酮聚合物的粘度在固化之前低于约2,000,000厘泊。
实施例4.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述粘合剂硅酮材料的所述硅酮聚合物包括液体硅酮橡胶(LSR)或室温硫化硅酮(RTV)。
实施例5.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述粘合剂硅酮材料的所述硅酮聚合物包括催化剂。
实施例6.根据实施例5所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述催化剂为铂。
实施例7.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述粘合促进剂包括硅氧烷或硅烷,如3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基-三(2-甲氧基乙氧基)-硅烷;2,5,7,10-四氧杂-6-硅杂十一烷、6-乙烯基-6-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)-硅烷、氢苯基硅酮、苯基硅烷,或其任何组合。
实施例8.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述热塑性聚合物的氧渗透速率低于约20,000立方厘米-毫米/(米2-天-大气压)。
实施例9.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述热塑性聚合物为聚酯、聚氨基甲酸酯、尼龙、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、聚醚、聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚丙烯酸、乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)、聚烯烃、乙烯丙烯二烯弹性体、共聚物、共混物,或其组合。
实施例10.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述官能团包含氢氧根、羰基、醇、羧基、苯基、胺、二烯,或其组合。
实施例11.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述外层进一步包含催化剂、交联促进剂,或其组合。
实施例12.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述官能团和所述粘合促进剂形成内聚键。
实施例13.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述内层的硅酮聚合物包括液体硅酮橡胶、高稠度橡胶或室温硫化硅酮。
实施例14.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述内层与所述粘合剂层直接接触。
实施例15.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述粘合剂层与所述外层直接接触。
实施例16.根据实施例2所述的形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述辐射源为波长为约10纳米(nm)到约410nm的紫外线能量。
实施例17.根据实施例2所述的形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述辐射源基本上使所述粘合剂硅酮材料固化。
实施例18.根据实施例2所述的形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述辐射源基本上使所述热塑性聚合物交联。
实施例19.根据实施例2所述的形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述粘合剂层和所述外层共挤出。
实施例20.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中与传统的硅酮管相比,所述复合管的所述氧渗透减小大于约50%,如不大于约60%,如不大于约70%,或甚至不大于约80%。
实施例21.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述复合管具有为至少约100小时,如至少约200小时,或甚至是至少约400小时的泵寿命。
实施例22.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中与传统的硅酮管相比,所述复合管的水蒸气透过降低速率大于约20%,如大于约25%,如大于约30%,或甚至大于约35%。
实施例24.根据实施例1或2所述的复合管或形成所述复合管的方法,其中焊接或密封所述复合管。
实施例25.一种包括根据实施例1所述的复合管的设备,其中所述设备为医疗装置、制药装置、生物制药装置、化学品递送装置、实验室装置、水处理装置、食品和饮料装置、文件印刷装置、工业清洁装置、汽车装置、航空装置、电子装置,或燃料递送装置。
实施例26.一种设备,包括根据实施例1所述的复合管;和耦合到所述管以分配包含在所述管中的流体的泵。
实施例27.根据实施例26所述的设备,其中所述泵包括提供所述流体的制药装置。
实施例28.根据实施例26到27所述的设备,其中所述泵为蠕动泵。
将在以下实例中进一步描述本文所描述的概念,这些实例不限制在权利要求中所描述的本公开的范围。提供以下实例以更好地公开和传授本发明的方法和组合物。它们仅仅是用于说明性目的,并且必须了解可以进行较小变化和改变而不实质上影响在以下权利要求中所列举的本发明的精神和范围。
实例
实例1
用UV固化的高稠度橡胶(HCR)的第一层和热塑性聚酯的第二层模制复合结构的样板薄片。复合薄片使用压缩模制机模制并且经由波长为约200到450nm的UV辐射固化。复合薄片的整体厚度为0.080"。第一UV固化硅酮层的厚度为0.079",并且顶部热塑性聚酯层的厚度为0.001"。
与由传统的硅酮制成的薄片相比,复合薄片结构导致改进的水蒸气透过(WVTR)性能。在本实例中,“传统的硅酮”为热固化铂催化的高稠度橡胶(HCR)。MOCON PermatranW700 WVTR分析器用于比较上文所述的复合薄片以及传统的硅酮薄片的WVTR。在暴露测试区域为50cm2的情况下,在37.8℃和100%相对湿度下,在薄片的一侧上在大气压下运行测试。对于30分钟的整体测验循环,使用的测试气体为在100标准立方厘米/分钟的速率下的氮气。传统的硅酮薄片的平均WTVR为48.7克/(米2-天),并且复合薄片的平均WVTR为42.8克/(米2-天)。这为通过薄片壁的水损失大致减少12%。
与由传统的硅酮制成的薄片相比,复合薄片结构还导致改进的氧透过(OTR)性能。MOCON Ox-tran 2/20氧气分析器用于比较上文所述的复合薄片以及传统的硅酮薄片的OTR。在25℃和暴露测试区域为5cm2下,在薄片的一侧上在大气压下按照ASTM D3985运行测试。对于30分钟的整体测验循环,使用的测试气体为在20标准立方厘米/分钟的速率下的10%氧气。使用的载气为在0%RH下的4%H2和96%N2。传统的硅酮薄片的平均OTR为20800立方厘米/(米2-天-大气压),并且复合薄片的平均OTR为2890立方厘米/(米2-天-大气压)。这为通过复合薄片壁的氧气渗透大致减少85%。
实例2
复合夹层结构的样板薄片首先用热固化高稠度橡胶(HCR)的第一层和作为粘合剂层的HCR和EPDM的复合材料的第二层模制;其次在加热压制下上覆EPDM的第三层。复合夹层结构薄片使用压缩模制机模制并且第一步在350℉下固化3分钟,并且第二步在350℉下固化7分钟。复合薄片的整体厚度为0.071英寸。第一热固化硅酮层的厚度为0.022英寸,作为粘合剂层的硅酮EPDM复合材料层的厚度为0.030英寸,并且EPDM层的厚度为0.019英寸。硅酮薄片还模制为厚度为0.061英寸的对照物。
与由传统的硅酮制成的薄片相比,复合薄片结构导致改进的水蒸气透过(WVTR)性能。在本实例中,“传统的硅酮”为热固化铂催化的高稠度橡胶(HCR),其具有用于夹层薄片的第一层的相同配制物;硅酮EPDM复合材料为热固化的,其具有用于夹层薄片的第二层的相同配制物;EPDM为热浇注的,其具有用于夹层薄片的第三层的相同配制物。MOCONPermatran W700 WVTR分析器用于比较上文所述的夹层复合薄片以及传统的硅酮薄片、硅酮EPDM复合材料和EPDM的WVTR。在暴露测试区域为50cm2的情况下,在37.8℃和100%相对湿度下,在薄片的一侧上在大气压下运行测试。对于30分钟的整体测验循环,使用的测试气体为在100标准立方厘米/分钟的速率下的氮气。传统的硅酮薄片的平均WTVR为37.4克/(米2-天),硅酮EPDM复合薄片的平均WTVR为9.6克/(米2-天),EPDM薄片的平均WTVR为1克/(米2-天),并且夹层复合薄片的平均WVTR为4.6克/(米2-天)。与传统的硅酮薄片相比,夹层复合薄片通过薄片壁的水损失大致减少88%。(注意,100%意指膜完全不可渗透)。
在使用电子束或γ进行后交联之前,在第一硅酮层和第三EPDM层之间的粘结力为约5.6ppi,并且观察到粘合剂失效。在50kGy下钴-60的γ辐射之后,在第一硅酮层和第三EPDM层之间的粘结力改进到8.1ppi,并且观察到内聚失效。
应注意,不是在上文一般描述或实例中所描述的所有活动都是需要的,一部分具体活动可为不需要的,并且可执行除描述的所述活动之外的一种或多种另外的活动。再进一步,活动的所列次序未必是执行活动的次序。
上文已关于具体实施例描述了益处、其它优势和对问题的解决方案。然而,这些益处、优势、问题解决方案和可能使任何益处、优势或解决方案发生或变得更显著的任何(一个或多个)特征不应被理解为任何或所有权利要求的重要、必要或基本的特征。
本文所描述实施例的说明和图示旨在提供对各种实施例的结构的一般理解。所述说明和图示不旨在充当使用本文所描述的结构或方法的设备和系统的所有元件和特征的详尽并且全面的描述。单独的实施例还可组合地提供于单个实施例中,且相反,为简洁起见,在单个实施例的上下文中描述的各种特征也可分别地或以任何子组合来提供。另外,在范围中所陈述的参考值包括所述范围内的每一个值。所属领域技术人员仅在阅读本说明书之后,就可清楚许多其它实施例。可使用其它实施例且所述实施例可从本公开导出,使得在不脱离本公开的范围的情况下,可进行结构替代、逻辑替代或另一改变。因此,本公开应被视为说明性的而非限制性的。
Claims (15)
1.一种复合管,包含:
包含硅酮聚合物的内层,其中所述内层具有限定所述复合管的中心腔的表面;
与所述内层相邻的粘合剂层,其中所述粘合剂层包含粘合剂硅酮材料,所述粘合剂硅酮材料包含硅酮聚合物和粘合促进剂,和
与所述粘合剂层相邻的外层,其中所述外层包含具有与所述硅酮聚合物的所述粘合促进剂形成化学键的官能团的热塑性聚合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合管,其中所述粘合剂硅酮材料的所述硅酮聚合物的粘度在固化之前低于约2,000,000厘泊。
3.根据权利要求1所述的复合管,其中所述粘合剂硅酮材料的所述硅酮聚合物包含液体硅酮橡胶(LSR)或室温硫化硅酮(RTV)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的复合管,其中所述粘合剂硅酮材料的所述硅酮聚合物包括催化剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的复合管,其中所述粘合促进剂包含硅氧烷或硅烷,如3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基-三(2-甲氧基乙氧基)-硅烷;2,5,7,10-四氧杂-6-硅杂十一烷、6-乙烯基-6-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)-硅烷、氢苯基硅酮、苯基硅烷,或其任何组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的复合管,其中所述热塑性聚合物的氧渗透速率低于约20,000立方厘米-毫米/(米2-天-大气压)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的复合管,其中所述热塑性聚合物为聚酯、聚氨基甲酸酯、尼龙、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、聚醚、聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚丙烯酸、乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)、聚烯烃、乙烯丙烯二烯弹性体、共聚物、共混物,或其组合。
8.根据权利要求1所述的复合管,其中所述官能团包含氢氧根、羰基、醇、羧基、苯基、胺、二烯,或其组合。
9.根据权利要求1所述的复合管,其中所述外层进一步包含催化剂、交联促进剂,或其组合。
10.根据权利要求1所述的复合管,其中所述官能团和所述粘合促进剂形成内聚键。
11.根据权利要求1所述的复合管,其中所述内层的硅酮聚合物包含液体硅酮橡胶、高稠度橡胶或室温硫化硅酮。
12.一种包含根据权利要求1所述的复合管的设备,其中所述设备为医疗装置、制药装置、生物制药装置、化学品递送装置、实验室装置、水处理装置、食品和饮料装置、文件印刷装置、工业清洁装置、汽车装置、航空装置、电子装置,或燃料递送装置。
13.一种形成复合管的方法,包含:
提供包含硅酮聚合物的内层,其中所述内层具有限定所述复合管的中心腔的表面;
挤出与所述内层相邻的粘合剂层,其中所述粘合剂层包含粘合剂硅酮材料,所述粘合剂硅酮材料包含硅酮聚合物和粘合促进剂;
挤出与所述粘合剂层相邻的外层,其中所述外层包含具有与所述粘合剂层的所述粘合促进剂形成化学键的官能团的热塑性聚合物;和
用辐射源照射所述粘合剂层和所述外层以在所述外层的所述官能团与所述粘合剂层的所述粘合促进剂之间形成所述化学键。
14.根据权利要求13所述的形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述辐射源基本上使所述粘合剂硅酮材料固化。
15.根据权利要求13所述的形成所述复合管的方法,其中所述辐射源基本上使所述热塑性聚合物交联。
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- 2016-12-30 BR BR112018012317-0A patent/BR112018012317B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2016-12-30 CN CN201680074620.7A patent/CN108431478B/zh active Active
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EP3397882A1 (en) | 2018-11-07 |
US9982809B2 (en) | 2018-05-29 |
US20170191586A1 (en) | 2017-07-06 |
WO2017117510A1 (en) | 2017-07-06 |
CN108431478B (zh) | 2020-09-25 |
BR112018012317B1 (pt) | 2021-11-09 |
BR112018012317A2 (pt) | 2018-12-04 |
TW201722699A (zh) | 2017-07-01 |
EP3397882B1 (en) | 2022-10-19 |
EP3397882A4 (en) | 2019-07-17 |
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