CN108367214A - 具有可变横截面轴向密封的过滤器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
描述了具有过滤器元件的过滤系统,该过滤元件具有轴向密封构件,该轴向密封构件具有可变横截面。可变横截面与接纳过滤元件的壳体和壳体盖的非平面密封表面配合。当具有平坦轴向密封构件的未经授权的更换过滤器元件安装在壳体中时,壳体和壳体盖的非平面密封表面防止适当的过滤系统功能。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请涉及并要求托福斯兰(Tofsland)于2015年12月11日提交的、发明名称为“具有可变横截面轴封的过滤器(FILTER WITH VARIABLE CROSS-SECTION AXAL SEAL)”、申请号为62/266,219的美国临时专利申请的优先权,该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文并用于所有目的。
技术领域
本申请涉及过滤系统。
背景技术
内燃机通常燃烧燃料(例如汽油,柴油,天然气等)和空气的混合物。在进入发动机之前,进气通常通过过滤元件以在输送到发动机之前从进气除去污染物(例如,微粒,灰尘,水等)。过滤元件需要定期更换,因为过滤器元件的过滤介质捕获并去除通过过滤介质的流体中的污染物。在某些情况下,在维修操作过程中,可能会在过滤系统中安装未经授权的或非正品更换过滤元件。未经授权的和非正品的更换过滤元件可能质量低于正品授权过滤元件。因此,使用未经授权的或非正品的更换过滤元件可能会通过允许污染物通过过滤元件而损坏发动机。
为了防止未经授权的过滤器元件的使用,一些过滤系统包括过滤器元件密封构件的变化,例如关键元件和表面干扰器,其仅允许授权的更换过滤器滤芯安装在过滤系统中。然而,这些表面干扰器和关键元件产生复杂的密封表面,其可能具有弱密封,因为表面干扰器不允许沿着密封构件的长度压缩整个密封构件。弱密封可以允许被过滤的流体(例如空气)绕过过滤元件。
发明内容
各种示例实施例涉及具有带可变横截面轴向密封构件的空气过滤器的过滤系统。一个这样的过滤系统包括在其内部限定中央隔室的壳体。壳体包括出口和壳体密封表面。壳体密封表面是非平面的。过滤系统包括可移除地联接到壳体的盖体。盖体包括入口和盖体密封表面。过滤系统还包括定位在壳体的中央隔室内的过滤元件。过滤元件包括过滤介质和密封构件,密封构件联接到过滤介质并环绕过滤介质的至少一部分。密封构件具有第一密封表面和第二密封表面。密封构件具有可变横截面,使得第一密封表面和第二密封表面之间的距离沿着密封构件的至少一部分变化。可变横截面与壳体密封表面和盖体密封表面互补,使得当过滤元件安装在空气过滤系统中时密封构件在壳体和盖体之间形成轴向密封。
另一个示例实施例涉及一种过滤元件。过滤元件包括过滤介质和密封构件,密封构件联接到过滤介质并环绕过滤介质的至少一部分。密封构件包括第一密封表面和第二密封表面。密封构件具有可变的横截面,使得第一密封表面和第二密封表面之间的距离沿着密封构件的至少一部分变化。
从以下结合附图的详细描述中,这些和其他特征以及组织和操作方式将变得明显,其中相同的元件在下面描述的几个附图中具有相同的标号。
附图简要说明
图1示出根据示例性实施例的过滤系统的分解图。
图2示出图1的过滤系统的过滤元件的立体图。
图3示出图1的过滤系统的过滤元件的俯视图。
图4示出图1的过滤系统的过滤元件的侧视图。
图5示出图1的过滤系统的过滤元件的立体图的横截面。
图6示出图1的过滤系统的过滤元件的另一侧视图。
图7A至图7C示出了图1的过滤系统的壳体和盖体的视图,其与图1的过滤系统的过滤元件形成密封。
图8示出根据示例实施例的过滤系统的侧视图。
图9示出根据示例实施例的圆柱形过滤元件的立体图。
图10示出图1的圆柱形过滤元件的侧视图。
图11示出根据示例性实施例的更换过滤系统中的过滤器元件的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
总体上参考附图,描述了具有过滤元件的过滤系统,该过滤元件具有可变横截面的轴向密封构件。可变横截面与接纳过滤元件的壳体和壳体盖的非平面密封表面配合。当具有扁平轴向密封构件的未经授权的更换过滤器元件安装在壳体中时,壳体和壳体盖的非平面密封表面防止适当的过滤系统功能。
现在参考图1,根据一个示例实施例示出了过滤系统100的分解图。在一些布置中,过滤系统100是空气过滤系统。过滤系统100包括壳体102、过滤器元件104和盖体106。盖体106包括入口108。壳体102包括出口110。过滤元件104包括过滤介质112和密封构件114。过滤介质112可以包括褶皱介质、波纹介质、四面体介质或其变体中的任何一种。由Moy等人于2011年10月14日提交并且于2013年3月19日公布的名称为“带有弯曲折弯线的过滤元件(PLEATED FILTER ELEMENT WITH TAPERING BEND LINES)”申请号为8,397,920的美国专利转让给了康明斯过滤IP公司(Cummins Filtration IP Inc.),其全部内容通过引用并入本文并用于所有目的,其描述了四面体过滤介质。四面体过滤介质的一些配置包括多个入口四面体流动通道和多个出口四面体流动通道。入口四面体在过滤材料的中心部分合并,由此允许空气在通过过滤介质之前在入口四面体通道之间的轴向交叉流动。这种布置在介质的上游侧提供额外的灰尘负载,这增加了过滤容量。专利号为8,397,920的美国专利进一步描述了这种四面体过滤介质的具体布置。
尽管过滤介质112在图1中示出为具有矩形横截面形状的矩形块,然而过滤介质112可以以其他形状布置。例如,过滤介质112可以被布置为具有圆形横截面形状的圆柱形过滤块、卷绕过滤块(例如,下面关于图9和10所描述的)、具有椭圆形横截面形状的椭圆形过滤块、面板、跑道状等。
当过滤系统100处于组装状态时,过滤元件104定位在壳体102的中央隔室内。密封构件114接触壳体密封表面116。盖体106可移除地联接到壳体(例如通过紧固件)。当盖体106固定到壳体上时,盖体密封表面118接触密封构件114并压缩壳体102和盖体106之间的密封构件114以形成轴向密封。下面参照图2-7C更详细地描述密封构件114的布置。
通常,当过滤系统100组装后,过滤系统100过滤空气并将过滤后的空气提供给诸如内燃机的装置。过滤系统100通过入口108接收待过滤的空气。空气从入口108进入盖体106,并且通过过滤元件104的过滤介质112。当空气穿过过滤介质112时,过滤介质112去除包含在空气中的污染物(例如,泥土,灰尘,湿气等)。过滤的空气然后穿过壳体102并从出口110流出。当过滤元件104过滤空气时,过滤介质112捕获污染物。因此,当过滤介质114达到容量时,过滤元件104需要定期更换。
参照图2至图6,示出了过滤元件104的各种视图。如过滤元件104的立体图(图2)和俯视图(图3)最佳所示,过滤介质112被布置为过滤块。过滤介质112包括限定过滤元件114的污浊侧的入口面202和限定过滤元件104的清洁侧的出口面204(与入口面相对,在图5中最佳示出)。密封构件114与过滤介质112的整个纵向长度(即,周壁)的至少一部分连接并环绕过滤介质112的整个纵向长度(即,周壁)的至少一部分。密封构件114位于入口面202和出口面204之间。在一些布置中,密封构件114与入口面202邻近。如图3所示,在一些布置中,当从顶部视角观察时,密封构件114的形状是大致矩形的。在这样的布置和类似的布置中,密封构件114包括两个短侧面和两个长侧面。
如图4至6最佳所示,密封构件114包括第一密封表面402和第二密封表面404。密封构件114具有可变的横截面。因此,第一密封表面402与第二密封表面404之间的距离沿着密封构件114的至少一部分变化。在从顶部视角查看密封构件114的形状基本上为矩形的布置中,可变横截面由第一密封表面402和第二密封表面404的弧形引起。例如,在密封构件114的形状为大致矩形的布置中,弧形密封表面402和404可以仅沿着四个侧面之一、仅沿两个长侧面、仅沿两个短侧面、或沿着一个长侧面和一个短侧面。
参考图6,更详细地示出了第一密封表面402和第二密封表面404的弧形。第一密封表面402和第二密封表面404的弧形轮廓从密封构件的第一端602延伸到密封构件的第二端604。弧形轮廓包括第一端602和第二端604之间的连续曲线。连续曲线是凸曲线。在一些布置中,弧形轮廓的连续曲线关于过滤器元件104的中心轴线606对称。在这样的布置中,密封构件114的横截面在中心轴线606处最大并且在第一端602和第二端604最小。第一和第二密封表面402中的每一个在中心轴线606处相对于第一端602和第二端604升高高度608。高度608明显小于第一端602与第二端604之间的跨度距离610。在一些布置中,跨度距离610与高度608的比率近似为100:1。在进一步的布置中,跨度距离610与高度608的比率是102:1。在另外的布置中,跨度距离610与高度608的比率大于10:1。在另外的布置中,跨度距离610与高度608的比率大于50:1。由连续曲线形成的弧形是一个轻微的凸弧。轻微的凸形弧有利地允许密封构件114的中心(例如,在中心轴线606的区域中)的较大压缩以补偿壳体102的壳体密封表面116和盖体106的盖体密封表面118的潜在弯曲或翘曲。
另外,相对较小的振幅在轴向上维持大部分密封力,从而产生强轴向密封。
图7A示出了与密封构件114形成密封的壳体102和盖体106的侧视图。图7B示出了图7A的部分A的放大图。图7C示出了图7A的部分B的放大图。如图7A至7C所示,当过滤元件104放置在壳体102中并且与盖体106固定就位时,壳体密封表面116和盖体密封表面118与密封构件114形成轴向密封。壳体密封表面116和盖体密封表面118是非平面的并且是弧形的,使得壳体密封表面116和盖密封表面118与密封构件114的可变横截面互补。密封构件114被压缩在壳体密封表面116和盖体密封表面118之间。在一些布置中,密封构件114的中心部分702处的压缩量(如在区域B中强调的和图7C所示的)为1.0mm。在这样的布置中,第一端602和第二端604处的压缩量可以小于1.0mm。
如果是具有扁平轴向密封构件(例如,不包括密封构件114的弧形轮廓的轴向密封构件)的未经授权的更换过滤元件,则壳体102和盖体106将不会形成抵靠平面轴向密封构件的适当密封。如上所述,壳体密封表面116和盖体密封表面118是非平面的并且是弧形的,使得壳体密封表面116和盖体密封表面118与密封构件114的可变横截面互补。由于壳体102的壳体密封表面116和盖体106的盖体密封表面118形成弧形以与密封构件114形成适当的密封(如以上关于图7A至图7C所讨论的),在壳体密封表面116和平坦轴向密封构件之间存在第一间隙,并且在盖体密封表面118和平坦轴向密封构件之间存在第二间隙。第一间隙和第二间隙将提供围绕未经授权的更换过滤器元件的旁路流动路径,从而显著降低过滤系统100的效率。
现在参考图8,示出了根据一个示例实施例的过滤系统800的放大侧视图。过滤系统800基本上类似于过滤系统100。因此,相同的标号用于指定相同的部件。过滤系统800和过滤系统100之间的主要区别在于过滤系统800的密封构件802具有与过滤系统100的密封构件114不同的横截面。密封构件802包括第一密封表面804和第二密封表面806。与密封构件114类似,密封构件802具有可变的横截面。因此,第一密封表面804和第二密封表面806之间的距离沿着密封构件802的至少一部分而变化。与密封构件114不同,第一密封表面804和第二密封表面806中仅有一个是非平面和具有由密封构件802的第一端和第二端之间的连续凸形曲线引起的弧形轮廓(例如,如上面关于密封构件114的弧形轮廓所述),而第一密封表面804和第二密封表面806的另一个是平坦的或平面。如图8所示,第一密封表面804是平坦的,而第二密封表面806以与上文关于密封构件114的第一密封表面402或第二密封表面404所述的类似的方式形成弧形。
因此,盖体106的盖体密封表面118是平坦的以与第一密封表面804形成适当的密封。
参照图9和10,示出了根据示例性实施例的过滤元件900的视图。过滤元件900是具有围绕中央芯体904的过滤介质902的圆柱形过滤元件。过滤介质902可以包括褶皱介质、波纹介质、四面体介质或其变体中的任何一种。在一些布置中,过滤介质902环绕芯部904卷绕。过滤元件900包括密封构件906。当过滤元件900定位在过滤系统壳体中时,密封构件906被压缩在壳体和壳体盖之间(例如,以与上文关于过滤系统100的过滤元件104所述的相似的方式)。过滤介质902包括入口面908和出口面910。当过滤元件900安装在壳体内并且过滤系统启动时,待过滤的空气从入口面908通过过滤介质902并从出口面910出来。
密封构件906联接到过滤介质902的轴向壁并环绕过滤介质902的轴向壁。密封构件906位于入口面908和出口面910之间。在一些布置中,密封构件906与入口面908相邻。当从顶部视角看,密封构件906基本上是环形的。如图10最佳所示,密封构件906包括第一密封表面1002和第二密封表面1004。密封构件906不具有均匀的横截面。因此,第一密封表面1002和第二密封表面1004之间的距离沿着密封构件906的圆周的至少一部分变化。第一密封表面1002和第二密封表面1004中的每一个都是非平面的。第一密封表面1002和第二密封表面1004都具有连续的波形轮廓(如图10所示)。在图10的布置中,第一密封表面1002的连续波形轮廓和第二密封表面1004的连续波形轮廓对齐,使得密封构件906具有厚的部分1006和薄的部分1008。在其它布置中,第一密封表面1002和第二密封表面1004偏移,使得密封构件906具有环绕圆周的基本均匀的厚度。
在一些布置中,连续波形是正弦波形。正弦波图案的振幅距离远小于周期距离(即,正弦波图案中的连续峰值之间的距离)。在一些布置中,周期距离与振幅距离的比率近似为100:1。在进一步的布置中,周期距离与振幅距离的比率为102:1。在另外布置中,周期距离与振幅距离的比率大于10:1。在更进一步的布置中,周期距离与振幅距离的比率大于50:1。正弦波形图案是具有相对较小振幅的波形图案。相对较小振幅有利地允许密封构件906在峰部1006处的较大压缩,以补偿壳体的壳体密封表面和盖体的盖体密封表面的潜在弯曲或翘曲。另外,相对较小的振幅在轴向上保持大部分密封力,从而产生强的轴向密封。
为了使过滤元件900与壳体和壳体盖形成适当的密封,壳体和壳体盖的密封表面具有匹配的正弦波形。如果是具有扁平轴向密封构件(例如,不包括密封构件114的弧形轮廓的轴向密封构件)的未经授权的更换过滤元件,则壳体和盖体将不会形成抵靠平坦轴向密封构件的适当密封。由于壳体的壳体密封表面和盖体的盖体密封表面具有波形密封表面以与密封构件906形成适当的轴向密封,所以在壳体密封表面、盖体密封表面和平坦轴向密封构件之间将存在间隙。该间隙会提供环绕未经授权的更换过滤器元件的旁路流动路径,从而大大降低了过滤系统的效率。
现在参考图11,示出了根据示例实施例更换过滤系统(例如过滤系统100)中的过滤元件的方法1100的流程图。当在1102,方法1100在过滤元件从过滤系统移除时开始。过滤元件由维修过滤系统的技术人员或另一个人员移除。为了移除滤芯,从壳体(例如,壳体102)移除过滤系统盖体(例如盖体106)从而为安装的滤芯提供入口。在1102移除滤芯后,在1104提供更换滤芯(例如,过滤元件104)。过滤元件104包括过滤介质和上述类型的轴向密封构件(例如,密封构件114)。轴向密封构件包括至少一个具有弧形轮廓的密封表面,该密封表面包括在密封构件的第一端和第二端之间的连续曲线。轴向密封构件的弧形轮廓基本匹配盖体密封表面和/或壳体密封表面中的配合弧形轮廓。
在1106,安装更换过滤元件。更换过滤元件插入到壳体中。当更换过滤元件插入壳体中时,轴向密封构件的第一密封表面接触壳体密封表面。更换过滤元件可以是上面关于过滤介质和轴向密封构件所讨论的类型。在1108将盖体固定到壳体上。当盖体固定到壳体上时,轴向密封构件的第二密封表面接触盖体的盖体密封表面。盖体可以通过夹具、紧固件、搭扣配合连接等固定到壳体。当盖体固定到壳体上时,密封构件被压缩在壳体密封表面和盖体密封表面之间,形成轴向密封。
本文使用的术语“联接”等是指两个构件直接或间接地彼此连接。这样的连接可以是静止的(例如永久的)或可移动的(例如,可移除的或可释放的)。这种连接可以通过两个构件或两个构件和任何另外的中间构件彼此一体地形成为单一整体或者两个构件或两个构件和任何另外的中间构件彼此附接来实现。
本文对元件位置(例如,“顶部”、“底部”、“上方”、“下方”等)的引用仅用于描述图中各种元件的取向。应该注意的是,根据其他示例实施例,各种元件的取向可以不同,并且这样的变化旨在由本公开所涵盖。
术语“近似”在与数值一起使用时表示相关值加上百分之五或减去百分之五。
重要的是要注意,各种示例实施例的构造和布置仅仅是说明性的。尽管在本公开中仅详细描述了一些实施例,但阅读本公开内容的本领域技术人员将容易地认识到许多修改是可能的(例如,各种元件的尺寸、大小、结构、形状和比例的变化,参数值,安装布置,材料的使用,颜色,取向等)而实质上不脱离本文所述主题的新颖教导和优点。例如,示出为整体形成的元件可以由多个部分或元件构成,元件的位置可以颠倒或以其他方式变化,并且离散元件或位置的性质或数量可以改变或更改。根据替代实施例,任何过程或方法步骤的顺序或次序可以变化或重新排序。另外,如本领域普通技术人员将理解的,来自特定实施例的特征可以与来自其他实施例的特征组合。在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下,还可以在各种示例实施例的设计、操作条件和布置中进行其他替代、修改、变化和省略。
Claims (22)
1.一种过滤系统,其特征在于,包括:
壳体,所述壳体在其内部限定中央隔室,所述壳体包括出口和壳体密封表面,所述壳体密封表面是非平面的;
盖体,所述盖体可移除地联接到所述壳体,所述盖体包括入口和盖体密封表面;以及
过滤元件,所述过滤元件位于所述壳体的所述中央隔室内,所述过滤元件包括过滤介质和联接到所述过滤介质并环绕所述过滤介质的至少一部分的密封构件,所述密封构件包括第一密封表面和第二密封表面,所述密封构件具有可变横截面,使得所述第一密封表面和所述第二密封表面之间的距离沿着所述密封构件的至少一部分变化,所述可变横截面与所述壳体密封表面和所述盖体密封表面互补,使得当所述过滤器元件安装在所述空气过滤系统中时所述密封构件在所述壳体和所述盖体之间形成轴向密封。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第一密封表面具有弧形轮廓,所述弧形轮廓从所述密封构件的第一端到所述密封构件的第二端延伸一跨度距离,所述弧形轮廓的高度小于所述跨度距离,使得所述跨度距离与所述高度之比大于10比1。
3.根据权利要求2所述的系统,其特征在于,所述跨度距离与高度的比大于50比1。
4.根据权利要求2所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第二密封表面具有延伸所述跨度距离并具有所述高度的相对的弧形轮廓。
5.根据权利要求4所述的系统,其特征在于,所述盖体密封表面是非平面的。
6.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述过滤元件是圆柱形过滤元件,以及其中所述密封构件为环状。
7.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第一密封表面具有由具有振幅距离和周期距离的正弦波形图限定的连续波形轮廓,所述周期距离与所述振幅距离之比大于10比1。
8.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述密封构件的形状大致为矩形。
9.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第一密封表面和所述第二密封表面之间的距离仅沿所述密封构件的四个侧面之一变化。
10.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第一密封表面和所述第二密封表面之间的距离沿着所述密封构件的四个侧面中的至少两个变化。
11.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第一密封表面和所述第二密封表面位于所述密封构件的相对侧上。
12.一种过滤器元件,其特征在于,包括:
过滤介质;以及
密封构件,所述密封构件联接到所述过滤介质并且环绕所述过滤介质的至少一部分,所述密封构件包括第一密封表面和第二密封表面,所述密封构件具有可变横截面,使得所述第一密封表面和第二密封表面之间的距离沿所述密封构件的至少一部分变化。
13.根据权利要求12所述的过滤元件,其特征在于,所述第一密封表面具有弧形轮廓,所述弧形轮廓从所述密封构件的第一端到所述密封构件的第二端延伸一个跨度距离,所述弧形轮廓的高度小于所述跨度距离,使得所述跨度距离与所述高度之比大于10比1。
14.根据权利要求13所述的过滤元件,其特征在于,所述跨度距离与高度的比大于50比1。
15.根据权利要求13所述的过滤元件,其特征在于,所述第二密封表面具有延伸所述跨度距离并具有所述高度的相对的弧形轮廓。
16.根据权利要求15所述的过滤元件,其特征在于,所述盖体密封表面是非平面的。
17.根据权利要求12所述的过滤元件,其特征在于,所述过滤元件是圆柱形过滤元件,以及其中所述密封构件为环状。
18.根据权利要求17所述的过滤元件,其特征在于,所述第一密封表面具有由具有振幅距离和周期距离的正弦波形图限定的连续波形轮廓,所述周期距离与所述振幅距离之比大于10比1。
19.根据权利要求12所述的过滤元件,其特征在于,所述密封构件的形状大致为矩形。
20.根据权利要求12所述的过滤元件,其特征在于,所述第一密封表面和所述第二密封表面之间的距离仅沿所述密封构件的四个侧面之一变化。
21.根据权利要求12所述的过滤元件,其特征在于,所述第一密封表面和所述第二密封表面之间的距离沿着所述密封构件的四个侧面中的至少两个变化。
22.根据权利要求12所述的过滤元件,其特征在于,所述第一密封表面和所述第二密封表面位于所述密封构件的相对侧上。
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WO2017099984A1 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
DE112016004899T5 (de) | 2018-07-12 |
US11020698B2 (en) | 2021-06-01 |
CN108367214B (zh) | 2021-04-16 |
US20200261837A1 (en) | 2020-08-20 |
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